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Wang Y, Lai J, Gao R, Gou Q, Li B, Zheng G, Zhang R, Yue Q, Song Z, Guo Z. Recent Advances in Nickel Catalysts with Industrial Exploitability for Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Monomers. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1676. [PMID: 38932025 PMCID: PMC11207433 DOI: 10.3390/polym16121676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The direct copolymerization of ethylene with polar monomers to produce functional polyolefins continues to be highly appealing due to its simple operation process and controllable product microstructure. Low-cost nickel catalysts have been extensively utilized in academia for the synthesis of polar polyethylenes. However, the development of high-temperature copolymerization catalysts suitable for industrial production conditions remains a significant challenge. Classified by the resultant copolymers, this review provides a comprehensive summary of the research progress in nickel complex catalyzed ethylene-polar monomer copolymerization at elevated temperatures in the past five years. The polymerization results of ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-tert-butyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-other fundamental polar monomer copolymers, and ethylene-special polar monomer copolymers are thoroughly summarized. The involved nickel catalysts include the phosphine-phenolate type, bisphosphine-monoxide type, phosphine-carbonyl type, phosphine-benzenamine type, and the phosphine-enolate type. The effective modulation of catalytic activity, molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, melting point, and polar monomer incorporation ratio by these catalysts is concluded and discussed. It reveals that the optimization of the catalyst system is mainly achieved through the methods of catalyst structure rational design, extra additive introduction, and single-site catalyst heterogenization. As a result, some outstanding catalysts are capable of producing polar polyethylenes that closely resemble commercial products. To achieve industrialization, it is essential to further emphasize the fundamental science of high-temperature copolymerization systems and the application performance of resultant polar polyethylenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Polyethylene, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China; (J.L.); (R.G.); (Q.G.); (B.L.); (G.Z.); (R.Z.); (Q.Y.); (Z.S.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zifang Guo
- Department of Polyethylene, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China; (J.L.); (R.G.); (Q.G.); (B.L.); (G.Z.); (R.Z.); (Q.Y.); (Z.S.)
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2
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Xue Z, Zhang N, Shi L, Luo G. Origins of Ligand-Controlled Stereoselective Polymerization of ortho-Methoxystyrene by Rare-Earth Catalysts: A Theoretical Perspective. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9195-9203. [PMID: 38722730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The stereoselective polymerization of polar vinyl monomers has recently received much attention due to their excellent physicochemical properties. Over the past decade, breakthroughs have been achieved in this field by rare-earth catalysts. However, the mechanistic origins of those stereoselective polymerizations still remain unclear. Herein, stereoselective polymerization of ortho-methoxystyrene (oMOS) by several representative rare-earth catalysts bearing different ligands (i.e., η5-C5Me5, pyridinyl-methylene-fluorenyl, quinolyl-anilido, β-diketiminato) were systematically investigated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. After achieving agreement between the calculations and experiments, we focused on discussing the role of ligands in controlling stereoselectivity. Our results reveal that the stereoregularity of oMOS polymerization is mainly controlled by the steric effect of the catalyst-monomer structures. Specifically, the type of ligand influences the orientation and configuration of the inserting monomer, thereby affecting the tacticity of the polymers. In the cases of η5-C5Me5-, pyridinyl-methylene-fluorenyl, and quinolyl-anilido-ligated yttrium catalysts, we observe consistent insertion directions and alternating insertion sides of oMOS monomers, leading to syndiotactic selectivity. The opposite insertion directions and the alternating insertion sides of oMOS monomers were observed in the case of the β-diketiminato yttrium catalyst, leading to isotactic selectivity. These findings reported here offer valuable insights into the role of ligands in controlling stereoselectivity in rare-earth catalyzed coordination polymerization of polar vinyl monomers, thus providing guidance for the rational design of new ligands for stereospecific polymerization of polar monomers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuqian Xue
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Gen Luo
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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3
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Shi L, Zhang N, Xue Z, Luo G. Mechanistic Insights into Rare-Earth-Catalyzed Alternating Copolymerization through C-H Polyaddition of Functionalized Organic Compounds to Unconjugated Dienes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:8079-8091. [PMID: 38663005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been conducted to elucidate the detailed mechanisms of yttrium-catalyzed C-H polyaddition of 1,4-dimethoxybenzene (DMB) to 1,4-divinylbenzene (DVB). It was computationally determined that DMB not only serves as a substrate but also performs a crucial role as a ligand, stabilizing the catalytically active species and promoting alkene insertion. Side pathways involving Cβ-H activation and C═C continuous insertion were excluded due to steric and electronic factors, respectively, explaining why the reaction occurred efficiently and selectively to give perfectly alternating DMB-DVB polymers. Interestingly, the theoretical prediction of the reactivity of N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine and 2,2'-biethyl-4,4'-bipyridine reveals significant differences in the coordination effects of these substrates, leading to distinct mechanisms, primarily influenced by their steric effects. These findings shed new light on the previously overlooked role of substrate ligand effects in rare-earth-catalyzed step-growth copolymerization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Zuqian Xue
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Gen Luo
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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4
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Fu Z, Song C, Chen C, Qi Y, Pei J, Chen Y, Zheng J, Zhao Y, Luo Y, Li X. Polar Molecules Regulating the Regio- and Stereoselectivity of Polymerization of Conjugated Dienes Catalyzed by CGC-Type Rare-Earth Metal Catalysts. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300653. [PMID: 38261808 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Herein, a concise, effective, and scalable strategy is reported that the introduction of polar molecules (PMs) (e.g., anisole (PhOMe), phenetole (PhOEt), 2-methoxynaphthalene (NaphOMe), thioanisole (PhSMe), and N,N-dimethylaniline (PhNMe2)) as continuously coordinated neutral ligand of cationic active species in situ generated from the constrain-geometry-configuration-type rare-earth metal complexes A-F/AliBu3/[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] ternary systems can easily switch the regio- and stereoselectivity of the polymerization of conjugated dienes (CDs, including 2-subsituted CDs such as isoprene (IP) and myrcene (MY), 1,2-disubstituted CD ocimene (OC), and 1-substituted polar CD 1-(para-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-butadiene (p-MOPB)) from poor selectivities to high selectivities (for IP and MY: 3,4-selectivity up to 99%; for OC: trans-1,2-selectivity up to 93% (mm up to 90%); for p-MOPB: 3,4-syndioselectivity (3,4- up to 99%, rrrr up to 96%)). DFT calculations explain the continuous coordination roles of PMs on the regulation of the regio- and stereoselectivity of the polymerization of CDs. In comparison with the traditional strategies, this strategy by adding some common PMs is easier and more convenient, decreasing the synthetic cost and complex operation of new metal catalyst and cocatalyst. Such regio- and stereoselective regulation method by using PMs is not reported for the coordination polymerization of olefins catalyzed by rare-earth metal and early transition metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chuang Song
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chongan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuanxia Qi
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jingting Pei
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuwei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi Luo
- PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, 7 Kunlun Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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Wang Y, Wang Q, Tan C, Chen C. Synthesis of Polar-functionalized Isotactic Polypropylenes Using Commercial Heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6837-6845. [PMID: 38426800 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The efficient synthesis of polar-functionalized polypropylenes with high molecular weight and high stereoregularity represents a challenging task. This challenge becomes even more daunting when pursuing an industrially preferred heterogeneous process. This study demonstrated the realization of these goals through the use of commercial heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalysts in the copolymerization of propylene with ionic cluster polar monomers. The results revealed high copolymerization activity (∼1.1 × 107 g mol-1 h-1), moderate polar monomer incorporation ratios (∼4.9 mol %), high copolymer molecular weight (Mw > 105 g mol-1), high stereoregularity ([mmmm] ∼ 96%), and high melting temperature range (150-162 °C). The utilization of ionic cluster polar monomers improved the thermal stability as well as stereoselectivity of the catalyst. Moreover, the Ziegler-Natta catalyst can homopolymerize ionic cluster polar monomers with high activities (>104 g mol-1 h-1). The resulting polar-functionalized isotactic polypropylenes (iPP) exhibited superior tensile strength, impact strength, creep resistance, transparency, and crystallinity compared with nonpolar iPP. This enhancement was attributable to the dual roles of the ionic cluster polar monomer unit, serving as both a transparent nucleating agent and a dynamic cross-linking functionality. Furthermore, the polar-functionalized iPP exhibited improved compatibility with polar materials, offering benefits for applications in composites, recycling of mixed plastic wastes, 3D printing, and other fields. This study offered a comprehensive solution for the future industrial production of polar-functionalized iPP via copolymerization, bridging the gap between an efficient and practical copolymerization process from a synthetic chemistry perspective and enhanced material properties from an application perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chen Tan
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Changle Chen
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Zhang N, Xue Z, Shi L, Luo G. Unveiling the Detailed Mechanism and Origins of Chemo-, Regio-, and Stereoselectivity of Rare-Earth Catalyzed Alternating Copolymerization of Polar and Nonpolar Olefins. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:3544-3559. [PMID: 38308632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The direct copolymerization of polar and nonpolar olefins is of great interest and significance, as it is the most atom-economical and straightforward strategy for the synthesis of functional polyolefin materials. Despite considerable efforts, the precise control of monomer-sequence and their regio- and stereochemistry is full of challenges, and the related mechanistic origins are still in their infancy to date. Herein, the mechanistic studies on the model reaction of Sc-catalyzed co-syndiospecific alternating copolymerization of anisylpropylene (AP) and styrene were performed by DFT calculations. The results suggest that the subtle balance between electronic and steric factors plays an important role during monomer insertions, and a new amino-dissociated mechanism was proposed for AP insertion at chain initiation. AP insertion follows the 2,1-si-insertion pattern, which is mainly controlled by steric factors caused by the restricted MeO···Sc interaction. As for styrene insertion, it prefers the 2,1-re-insertion manner and its regio- and stereoselectivities are influenced by steric repulsions between the inserting styrene and the polymer chain or the ligand. More interestingly, it is found that the alternating monomer-sequence is mainly determined by the "steric matching" principle, which is quantitatively expressed by the buried volume of the metal center of the preinserted species. The concept of steric pocket has been successfully applied to explain the different performances of several catalysts and other alternating copolymerization reactions. The insightful mechanistic findings and the quantitative steric pocket model present here are expected to promote rational design of new rare-earth catalysts for developing regio-, stereo-, and sequence-controlled copolymerization of specific polar and nonpolar olefins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Zhang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Zuqian Xue
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Gen Luo
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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7
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Taylor NS, Gordinier MT, Suhagia T, Pinto DD, Cherry DD, Verry DS, Baker LN, DeYonker NJ, Young KJ, Brewster TP. Donor Ability of Bisphosphinemonoxide Ligands Relevant to Late-Metal Olefin Polymerization Catalysis. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2888-2898. [PMID: 38295440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Late-transition-metal catalysts for polymerization of olefins have drawn a significant amount of attention owing to their ability to tolerate and incorporate polar comonomers. However, a systematic way to experimentally quantify the electronic properties of the ligands used in these systems has not been developed. Quantified ligand parameters will allow for the rational design of tailored polymerization catalysts, which would target specific polymer properties. We report a series of platinum complexes bearing bisphosphinemonoxide ligands, which resemble those used in the polymerization catalysts of Nozaki and Chen. Their electronic properties are investigated experimentally, and trends are rationalized by using computed spectral properties. Benchmarking computational data with known experimental parameters further enhances the utility of both methods for determining optimal ligands for catalytic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie S Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Maxwell T Gordinier
- Department of Chemistry, Centre College, Danville, Kentucky 40422, United States
| | - Tejaskumar Suhagia
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Danna D Pinto
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Demetrius D Cherry
- Department of Chemistry, Centre College, Danville, Kentucky 40422, United States
| | - Dominic S Verry
- Department of Chemistry, Centre College, Danville, Kentucky 40422, United States
| | - Lindsey N Baker
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Nathan J DeYonker
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Karin J Young
- Department of Chemistry, Centre College, Danville, Kentucky 40422, United States
| | - Timothy P Brewster
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
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Ajala OA, Ono M, Nakayama Y, Tanaka R, Shiono T. Copolymerization of Ethylene with Functionalized 1,1-Disubstituted Olefins Using a Fluorenylamido-Ligated Titanium Catalyst. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:236. [PMID: 38257035 PMCID: PMC10818569 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering the sustainability of material development, coordination polymerization catalysts effective for 1,1-disubstituted olefins are receiving a great deal of attention because they can introduce a variety of plant-derived comonomers, such as β-pinene and limonene, into polyolefins. However, due to their sterically encumbered property, incorporating these monomers is difficult. Herein, we succeeded in the copolymerization of ethylene with various hydroxy- or siloxy-substituted vinylidenes using a fluorenylamido-ligated titanium catalyst-MMAO system. This is the first example of ethylene/polar 1,1-disubstituted olefins' copolymerization using an early transition metal catalyst system. The polymerization proceeded at room temperature without pressurizing ethylene, and high-molecular-weight, functionalized polyethylene was obtained. The obtained copolymer showed a reduced water contact angle compared with that of the ethylene/isobutene copolymer, demonstrating the increment in hydrophilicity by hydroxy groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Takeshi Shiono
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-4-1, Higashihiroshima 739-8527, Japan; (O.A.A.); (Y.N.); (R.T.)
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9
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Dissanayake D, Draper A, Liu Z, Jaunnoo N, Haven JJ, Forsyth C, McKay AI, Junkers T, Vidović D. Lewis acid catalysed polymerisation of cyclopentenone. Chem Sci 2024; 15:639-643. [PMID: 38179536 PMCID: PMC10762972 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05186b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
A modest structural change of a β-diketiminate-supported aluminium complex leads to dramatic differences in the reactivity towards cyclopentenone. While the bulkier complex efficiently executes Diels Alder transformations the smaller analogue performs unique polymerisation of this substrate. This observation appears to be unprecedented in the chemistry of Lewis acids and cyclic dienophiles as it represents a unique way to polymerise a functionalised olefin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alysia Draper
- School of Chemistry, Monash University Clayton 3800 Australia
| | - Zhizhou Liu
- School of Chemistry, Monash University Clayton 3800 Australia
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215163 China
| | | | - Joris J Haven
- School of Chemistry, Monash University Clayton 3800 Australia
| | - Craig Forsyth
- School of Chemistry, Monash University Clayton 3800 Australia
| | | | - Tanja Junkers
- School of Chemistry, Monash University Clayton 3800 Australia
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Song Z, Wang S, Gao R, Wang Y, Gou Q, Zheng G, Feng H, Fan G, Lai J. Recent Advancements in Mechanistic Studies of Palladium- and Nickel-Catalyzed Ethylene Copolymerization with Polar Monomers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4343. [PMID: 38006069 PMCID: PMC10675468 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The introduction of polar functional groups into polyolefin chain structures creates opportunities to enhance specific properties, such as adhesion, dyeability, printability, compatibility, thermal stability, and electrical conductivity, which widen the range of potential applications for these modified materials. Transition metal catalysts, especially late transition metals, have proven to be highly effective in copolymerization processes due to their reduced Lewis acidity and electrophilicity. However, when compared to the significant progress and summary of synthetic methods, there is a distinct lack of a comprehensive summary of mechanistic studies pertaining to the catalytic systems involved in ethylene copolymerization catalyzed by palladium and nickel catalysts. In this review, we have provided a comprehensive summary of the latest developments in mechanistic studies of ethylene copolymerization with polar monomers catalyzed by late-transition-metal complexes. Experimental and computational methods were employed to conduct a detailed investigation of these organic and organometallic systems. It is mainly focused on ligand substitution, changes in binding modes, ethylene/polar monomer insertion, chelate opening, and β-H elimination. Factors that control the catalytic activity, molecular weight, comonomer incorporation ratios, and branch content are analyzed, these include steric repulsions between ligands and monomers, electronic effects arising from both ligands and monomers, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Song
- Department of Polyethylene, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China; (R.G.); (Y.W.); (Q.G.); (G.Z.); (G.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Shaochi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA;
| | - Rong Gao
- Department of Polyethylene, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China; (R.G.); (Y.W.); (Q.G.); (G.Z.); (G.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Polyethylene, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China; (R.G.); (Y.W.); (Q.G.); (G.Z.); (G.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Qingqiang Gou
- Department of Polyethylene, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China; (R.G.); (Y.W.); (Q.G.); (G.Z.); (G.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Polyethylene, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China; (R.G.); (Y.W.); (Q.G.); (G.Z.); (G.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Huasheng Feng
- Department of Catalytic Science, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China;
| | - Guoqiang Fan
- Department of Polyethylene, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China; (R.G.); (Y.W.); (Q.G.); (G.Z.); (G.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingjing Lai
- Department of Polyethylene, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China; (R.G.); (Y.W.); (Q.G.); (G.Z.); (G.F.); (J.L.)
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11
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Wang C, Xia J, Zhang Y, Hu X, Jian Z. Photodegradable polar-functionalized polyethylenes. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad039. [PMID: 37600561 PMCID: PMC10434297 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The degradation of plastics has attracted much attention from the global community. Polyethylenes (PEs), as the most abundant synthetic plastics, are most frequently studied. PE is non-degradable and non-polar because of the sole presence of the pure hydrocarbon components. Concurrent incorporation of both in-chain cleavable and functional groups into the PE chain is an effective pathway to overcome the non-degradable and non-polar issue; however, the method for achieving this pathway remains elusive. Here, we report a strictly non-alternating (>99%) terpolymerization of ethylene with CO and fundamental polar monomers via a coordination-insertion mechanism using late transition metal catalysts, which effectively prevents the formation of undesired chelates originating from both co-monomers under a low CO concentration. High-molecular-weight linear PEs with both in-chain isolated keto (>99%) and main-chain functional groups are prepared. The incorporation of key low-content isolated keto groups makes PEs photodegradable while retaining their desirable bulk material properties, and the introduction of polar functional groups considerably improves their surface properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, Universityof Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jian Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yuxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, Universityof Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, Universityof Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhongbao Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, Universityof Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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12
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Zou C, Wang Q, Si G, Chen C. A co-anchoring strategy for the synthesis of polar bimodal polyethylene. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1442. [PMID: 36922533 PMCID: PMC10017819 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Since polar groups can poison the metal centers in catalysts, the incorporation of polar comonomers usually comes at the expense of catalytic activity and polymer molecular weight. In this contribution, we demonstrate polar bimodal polyethylene as a potential solution to this trade-off. The more-polar/more-branched low-molecular-weight fraction provides polarity and processability, while the less-polar/less-branched high-molecular-weight fraction provides mechanical and melt properties. To achieve high miscibility between these two fractions, three synthetic routes are investigated: mixtures of homogeneous catalysts, separately supported heterogeneous catalysts, and a co-anchoring strategy (CAS) to heterogenize different homogeneous catalysts on one solid support. The CAS route is the only viable strategy for the synthesis of polar bimodal polyethylene with good molecular level entanglement and minimal phase separation. This produces polyolefin materials with excellent mechanical properties, surface/dyeing properties, gas barrier properties, as well as extrudability and 3D-printability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Guifu Si
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China.
| | - Changle Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China.
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13
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Zhang Z, Jiang Y, Lei R, Zhang Y, Li S, Cui D. Proximity-Driven Synergic Copolymerization of Ethylene and Polar Monomers. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- Shanxi Coal Chemical Industry Technology Research Institute, Xi’an 710000, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Rui Lei
- Shanxi Coal Chemical Industry Technology Research Institute, Xi’an 710000, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Shihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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14
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Peng D, Xu M, Tan C, Chen C. Emulsion Polymerization Strategy for Heterogenization of Olefin Polymerization Catalysts. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Menghe Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chen Tan
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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15
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Ullah Khan W, Mazhar H, Shehzad F, Al-Harthi MA. Recent Advances in Transition Metal-Based Catalysts for Ethylene Copolymerization with Polar Comonomer. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202200243. [PMID: 36715494 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of polar functionalized polyolefin (PFP) offers improvement in mixing properties, polymer surface, and rheological properties with the potential of upgraded polyolefins for modern and ingenious applications. The synthesis of PFP from metal-based catalyzed olefin (non-polar in nature) copolymerization with polar comonomers embodies energy-efficient, atom-efficient, and apparently an upfront methodology. Despite their outstanding success during conventional polymerization of olefin, 3rd and 4th group (early transition metal)-based catalysts, owing to their electrophilic nature, face challenges mainly due to Lewis basic sites of the polar monomers. On the contrary, late transition metal-based catalysts have also made progress, in recent years, for PFP synthesis. The recent past has also witnessed several advancements in the development of dominating palladium-based catalysts while their lower resistance towards ligand functional groups has limited the practical application of abundant and cheaper nickel-based catalysts. However, the relentless efforts of the scientific community, during the past half-decade, have indicated rigorous progress in the development of nickel-based catalysts for PFP synthesis. In this review, we have abridged the recent research trends in both early as well as late transition metal-based catalyst development. Furthermore, we have highlighted the role of transition metal-based catalysts in influencing the polymer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Ullah Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Refining & Advanced Chemicals, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassam Mazhar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farrukh Shehzad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamdouh A Al-Harthi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Refining & Advanced Chemicals, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Jiang Y, Zhang Z, Jiang H, Wang Q, Li S, Cui D. Polar Group-Promoted Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Olefins. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hanqing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei 230026, China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei 230026, China
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17
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Xing Y, Xu L, Liu S, Li Z. Dinuclear Group 4 Metal Complexes Bearing Anthracene-Bridged Bifunctional Amido-Ether Ligands: Remarkable Metal Effect and Cooperativity toward Ethylene/1-Octene Copolymerization. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:2859-2869. [PMID: 36719090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Two types of bifunctional amido-ether ligands (syn-L and anti-L) with the rigid anthracene skeleton were designed to support dinuclear group 4 metal complexes. All organic ligands and organometallic complexes (syn-M2 and anti-M2; M = Hf, Zr, and Ti) were fully characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies and elemental analyses. The anti-Hf2 complex showed two confirmations at room temperature with C2-symmetry or S2-symmetry that can inter-exchange, as indicated by VT NMR, while only a C2-symmetric isomer was observed for syn-Hf2 complex at room temperature. However, for Zr and Ti analogues, both syn and anti complexes exhibited only one conformation at room temperature. The molecular structures of complexes syn-Hf2, anti-Hf2, and syn-Ti2 in the solid state were further determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, revealing the distances between two metal centers in syn-M2 from 7.138 Å (syn-Ti2) to 7.321 Å (syn-Hf2) but a much farther separation in anti-M2 (8.807 Å in C2-symmetric anti-Hf2). The mononuclear complex (2-CH3O-C6H4-N-C14H9)Zr(NMe2)3 (mono-Zr1) was also prepared for control experiments. In the presence of alkyl aluminum (AlEt3) as the alkylating agent and trityl borate ([Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]) as the co-catalyst, all metal complexes were tested for copolymerization of ethylene with 1-octene at high temperature (130 °C). The preliminary polymerization results revealed that the activity was highly dependent upon the nature of metal centers, and syn-Zr2 showed the highest activity of 9600 kg(PE)·mol-1 (Zr)·h-1, which was about 17- and 2.2-fold higher than those of syn-Hf2 and syn-Ti2, respectively. Benefitting from both steric proximity and electronical interaction of two metal centers, syn-Zr2 exhibited significant cooperativity in comparison to anti-Zr2 and mono-Zr1, with regard to activity and molecular weight and 1-octene incorporation of resultant copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Xing
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Lingling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Shaofeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Zhibo Li
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.,College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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18
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Li K, Cui L, Zhang Y, Jian Z. Amide-Functionalized Polyolefins and Facile Post-Transformations. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zhongbao Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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19
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‘Catalyst + X’ strategies for transition metal-catalyzed olefin-polar monomer copolymerization. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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20
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Wu R, Klingler Wu W, Stieglitz L, Gaan S, Rieger B, Heuberger M. Recent advances on α-diimine Ni and Pd complexes for catalyzed ethylene (Co)polymerization: A comprehensive review. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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21
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Xue M, Luo Y, Ren S, Li T, You Q, Xie G. Phenyl-bridged bis-salicylaldiminato binuclear titanium complexes for ethylene (co)polymerization. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03410-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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22
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Li F, Xiao L, Li B, Hu X, Liu L. Carbene polymerization from the catalyzed decomposition of diazo compounds: Mechanism and modern development. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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23
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Zhao Y, Li H, Xin S, Li H, Luo Y, He S. DFT Studies on the Early-Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Polymerization of Polar Monomers with a Methylene Spacer between Vinyl and Functional Groups. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Huashu Li
- PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shixuan Xin
- PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Hao Li
- PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shengbao He
- PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
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24
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Ji M, Si G, Pan Y, Tan C, Chen M. Polymeric α-diimine palladium catalysts for olefin (co)polymerization. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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25
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Tian J, Feng W, Liu S, Li Z. Titanium Complexes Bearing
NNO‐Tridentate
Ligands: Highly Active Olefin Polymerization Catalysts with Great Control on Molecular Weight and Distribution. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiliang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Wenzheng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Shaofeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Zhibo Li
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, College of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
- College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
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26
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Chae CG, Park JW, Ho LNT, Kim MJ, Kim EC, Lee W, Park S, Kim DG, Jung HM, Kim YS. Bis(β-ketoimino)nickel(II) Complexes for Random Copolymerization of Norbornene and Methyl 5-Norbornene-2-carboxylate with Controlled Ester Group Incorporation. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Geun Chae
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Woo Park
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Linh N. T. Ho
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Kim
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Chae Kim
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Woohwa Lee
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmin Park
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gyun Kim
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, KRICT School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Min Jung
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seok Kim
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, KRICT School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
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27
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Zhang H, Zhang Z, Cai Z, Li M, Liu Z. Influence of Silica-Supported Alkylaluminum on Heterogeneous Zwitterionic Anilinonaphthoquinone Nickel and Palladium-Catalyzed Ethylene Polymerization and Copolymerization with Polar Monomers. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zhengguo Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Mingyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou 515063, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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28
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Karimi M, Arabi H, Sadjadi S. New advances in olefin homo and copolymerization using neutral, single component palladium/nickel complexes ligated by a phosphine-sulfonate. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Zou C, Si G, Chen C. A general strategy for heterogenizing olefin polymerization catalysts and the synthesis of polyolefins and composites. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1954. [PMID: 35414067 PMCID: PMC9005542 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29533-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The heterogenization of homogeneous metal complexes on solid supports presents an efficient strategy for bridging homogeneous catalysts with industrially-preferred heterogeneous catalysts; however, a series of drawbacks restrict their implementation in olefin polymerization, particularly for copolymerization with polar comonomers. In this contribution, we report an ionic anchoring strategy that is highly versatile, generally applicable to different systems, and enables strong catalyst-support interactions while tolerating various polar functional groups. In addition to greatly enhanced polymerization properties, the supported catalysts achieved higher comonomer incorporation than their unsupported counterparts. This strategy enabled efficient polymerization at high temperatures at large scale and great control over product morphology, and the facile synthesis of polyolefin composites. More importantly, the dispersion of different fillers in the polyolefin matrix produced great material properties even at low composite loadings. It is expected that this strategy will find applications in different catalytic systems and the synthesis of advanced engineering materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Guifu Si
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
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30
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Tan C, Zou C, Chen C. Material Properties of Functional Polyethylenes from Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Ethylene–Polar Monomer Copolymerization. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tan
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Chen Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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31
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Tan C, Zou C, Chen C. An Ionic Cluster Strategy for Performance Improvements and Product Morphology Control in Metal-Catalyzed Olefin–Polar Monomer Copolymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2245-2254. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tan
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Chen Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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32
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Jiang Y, Zhang Z, Li S, Cui D. Isospecific (Co)polymerization of Unmasked Polar Styrenes by Neutral Rare‐Earth Metal Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin University Changchun 130022 China
| | - Shihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
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33
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Tian J, Zhang X, Liu S, Li Z. Chromium Complexes Supported by NNO-Tridentate Ligands: An Unprecedent Activity with the Low Requirement of MAO. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00125j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of metal catalysts with high activity and thermal stability but low requirement of MAO as cocatalyst is highly desired for polyolefin industrial application. In this contribution, a series...
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34
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Nyamwihura RJ, Ogungbe IV. The pinene scaffold: its occurrence, chemistry, synthetic utility, and pharmacological importance. RSC Adv 2022; 12:11346-11375. [PMID: 35425061 PMCID: PMC9003397 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00423b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review provides insight into the utility of pinene in the synthetic building block and as reagent in asymmetric synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogers J. Nyamwihura
- Department of Chemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 John R. Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
| | - Ifedayo Victor Ogungbe
- Department of Chemistry, Jackson State University, 1400 John R. Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
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35
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Zhang Y, Jian Z. Polar additive triggered chain walking copolymerization of ethylene and fundamental polar monomers. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00934j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of a polar additive efficiently triggers chain walking copolymerization of ethylene with a broad scope of fundamental polar monomers, which is long-sought in an α-diimine Pd(ii) system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhongbao Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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36
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Nie J, Ren F, Li Z, Tian K, Zou H, Hou X. Design and synthesis of binuclear vanadium catalysts for copolymerization of ethylene and polar monomers. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00402j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Binuclear vanadium complexes exhibited higher activity than monometallic complexes in ethylene polymerization and afforded UHMWPE. The binuclear catalysts also showed moderate activity in copolymerization with 10-undecen-1-ol and methyl 10-undecenoate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Nie
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Feiyang Ren
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Kun Tian
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Hui Zou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, China
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37
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Cui D, Jiang Y, Zhang Z, Li S. Isospecific (co)Polymerization of Unmasked Polar Styrenes by Neutral Rare-earth Metal Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202112966. [PMID: 34931421 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Syndioselective polymerization of unprotected polar styrenes has achieved great success via specially designed catalysts and establishment of "self-assisted" theory. On contrary, isospecific polymerization of polar styrenes has remained less explored, which needs to break the dilemma of high selectivity and activity of the involved catalysts. Herein, we present new racemic ansa-bis(benz[e]indenyl) rare-earth metal complexes and their high activity and perfect isoselectivity ( mmmm > 99 %) for the polymerization of unmasked polar styrenes without any activators. Moreover, the copolymerizations of para / meta -methoxystyrenes with styrene give gradient and random copolymers, respectively. The insertion rate of polar monomers could be readily tuned in the range of 0-100 mol % by changing their loading ratios. The resultant isotactic polar polystyrenes are quantitatively transformed into hydroxyl or methylsulfonyl polystyrenes with high T g s. DFT calculations reveal the isospecific mechanim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Cui
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Renmin Street 5625, 130022, Changchun, CHINA
| | - Yang Jiang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences: Chang Chun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Jilin University, College of Materials Science and Engineering, CHINA
| | - Shihui Li
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences: Chang Chun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, CHINA
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38
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Yang Y, Wang H, Huang L, Nishiura M, Higaki Y, Hou Z. Terpolymerization of Ethylene and Two Different Methoxyaryl‐Substituted Propylenes by Scandium Catalyst Makes Tough and Fast Self‐Healing Elastomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Haobing Wang
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Lin Huang
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Masayoshi Nishiura
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Yuji Higaki
- Department of Integrated Science and Technology Faculty of Science and Technology Oita University 700 Dannoharu Oita 870-1192 Japan
| | - Zhaomin Hou
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
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39
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Yang Y, Wang H, Huang L, Nishiura M, Higaki Y, Hou Z. Terpolymerization of Ethylene and Two Different Methoxyaryl-Substituted Propylenes by Scandium Catalyst Makes Tough and Fast Self-Healing Elastomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26192-26198. [PMID: 34751988 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The terpolymerization of a non-polar olefin (such as ethylene) and two different polar functional olefins in a controlled fashion is of great interest and importance but has hardly been explored to date. We report for the first time the terpolymerization of ethylene (E) and two different methoxyaryl-substituted propylenes (AR1 P=hexylanisyl propylene; AR2 P=methoxynaphthyl propylene or methoxypyrenyl propylene) by a half-sandwich scandium catalyst. The terpolymerization took place in a sequence-controlled fashion, affording unique multi-block copolymers composed of two different ethylene-alt-methoxyarylpropylene sequences E-alt-AR1 P (soft segments) and E-alt-AR2 P (hard segments) and relatively short ethylene-ethylene (EE) blocks (crystalline segments). The terpolymers exhibited excellent elasticity and unprecedented self-healing as a result of microphase separation of nanodomains of the crystalline EE segments and the hard amorphous E-alt-AR2 P segments from a very flexible E-alt-AR1 P matrix, demonstrating unique synergy of the three different components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Haobing Wang
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Lin Huang
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Nishiura
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.,Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yuji Higaki
- Department of Integrated Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Oita University, 700 Dannoharu, Oita, 870-1192, Japan
| | - Zhaomin Hou
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.,Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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40
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Facile, scalable, and universal modification strategy of polyolefin utilizing noncatalytic C H insertion capability of azide: Sulfonyl azide end-functionalized polystyrene to modify polyethylene. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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41
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Song C, Chen J, Fu Z, Yan L, Gao F, Cao Q, Li H, Yan X, Chen S, Zhang S, Li X. Syndiospecific Polymerization of o-Methoxystyrene and Its Silyloxy or Fluorine-Substituted Derivatives by HNC-Ligated Scandium Catalysts: Synthesis of Ultrahigh-Molecular-Weight Functionalized Polymers. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Song
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jupeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhijie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Li Yan
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qingbin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - He Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiangqian Yan
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shilu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shaowen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
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42
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Ji G, Chen Z, Wang XY, Ning XS, Xu CJ, Zhang XM, Tao WJ, Li JF, Gao Y, Shen Q, Sun XL, Wang HY, Zhao JB, Zhang B, Guo YL, Zhao Y, Sun J, Luo Y, Tang Y. Direct copolymerization of ethylene with protic comonomers enabled by multinuclear Ni catalysts. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6283. [PMID: 34725330 PMCID: PMC8560877 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26470-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethylene/polar monomer coordination copolymerization offers an attractive way of making functionalized polyolefins. However, ethylene copolymerization with industrially relevant short chain length alkenoic acid remain a big challenge. Here we report the efficient direct copolymerization of ethylene with vinyl acetic acid by tetranuclear nickel complexes. The protic monomer can be extended to acrylic acid, allylacetic acid, ω-alkenoic acid, allyl alcohol, and homoallyl alcohol. Based on X-ray analysis of precatalysts, control experiments, solvent-assisted electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry detection of key catalytic intermediates, and density functional theory studies, we propose a possible mechanistic scenario that involves a distinctive vinyl acetic acid enchainment enabled by Ni···Ni synergistic effects. Inspired by the mechanistic insights, binuclear nickel catalysts are designed and proved much more efficient for the copolymerization of ethylene with vinyl acetic acid or acrylic acid, achieving the highest turnover frequencies so far for both ethylene and polar monomers simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhou Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Shan Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong-Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xing-Min Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jie Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanshan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hao-Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Bo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin-Long Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yanan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Jiajie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
- Petrochina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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43
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King ER, Hunt SB, Hamernik LJ, Gonce LE, Wiggins JS, Azoulay JD. Gold-Catalyzed Post-Polymerization Modification of Commodity Aromatic Polymers. JACS AU 2021; 1:1342-1347. [PMID: 34604843 PMCID: PMC8479769 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic aromatic polymers are ubiquitous and indispensable to modern life, industry, and the global economy. The direct functionalization of these materials remains a considerable challenge on account of their unreactive aromatic C-H bonds and robust physical properties. Here, we demonstrate that homogeneous gold catalysis offers a mild, chemoselective, and practical approach to functionalize high-volume commodity aromatic polymers. Utilizing a gold-catalyzed intermolecular hydroarylation between a methyl ester functionalized alkyne, methyl propiolate, and nucleophilic arenes within polystyrene (PS) results in direct functionalization of phenyl rings with 1,2-substituted methyl acrylate functional groups. The reactivity and functionalization depend on the steric and electronic environment of the catalyst, counterion pairing, and method of activation. The reactivity is broad in scope, enabling the functionalization of arenes within commercial polysulfone (PSU) and waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET). These reactions open new opportunities to chemically transform aromatic polymers and modify their physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric R. King
- School of Polymer Science
and Engineering, The University of Southern
Mississippi, 118 College Drive, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | - Samuel B. Hunt
- School of Polymer Science
and Engineering, The University of Southern
Mississippi, 118 College Drive, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | - Levi J. Hamernik
- School of Polymer Science
and Engineering, The University of Southern
Mississippi, 118 College Drive, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | - Lauren E. Gonce
- School of Polymer Science
and Engineering, The University of Southern
Mississippi, 118 College Drive, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Wiggins
- School of Polymer Science
and Engineering, The University of Southern
Mississippi, 118 College Drive, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | - Jason D. Azoulay
- School of Polymer Science
and Engineering, The University of Southern
Mississippi, 118 College Drive, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
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44
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Su Y, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Luo Y, Xu X. Rare-Earth Aryloxide/Ylide-Functionalized Phosphine Frustrated Lewis Pairs for the Polymerization of 4-Vinylpyridine and Its Derivatives. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Su
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Hongyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
- PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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45
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Koo JY, Oh J, Hyun G, Choi HC, Song I, Yoon SM. Anisotropic Electrical Conductivity of a Single-Crystalline Oxo-Bridged Cr 4IIIMo 2VI Heterometallic Complex. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:13262-13268. [PMID: 34375084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new oxo-bridged chromium-molybdenum heterometallic complex, O-CrMoHC ([Cr4(MoO4)2O2(OAc)4(DMF)4]·2DMF), was synthesized by using a simple solvothermal reaction. In this complex, the octahedrally coordinated Cr(III) and tetrahedrally coordinated Mo(VI) metal centers are bridged by oxo ligands. O-CrMoHC has in-plane π-conjugation systems, which are interconnected by noncoordinating DMF molecules. The crystals show anisotropic conductivity with respect to the crystal planes, and theoretical calculations were used to study their origins. The O-CrMoHC single crystals exhibited that a relatively high electrical conductivity with an average value of 5.37 × 10-7 S/cm was observed along the [01-1] direction, but the current level was very low along the [100] direction. This is the first report of anisotropic conductivity observed in the single crystal of a monomeric heterometallic complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Koo
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang-si, Korea 37673
| | - Jongwon Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea 54538.,Wonkang Materials Institute of Science and Technology, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea 54538
| | - Gyeongeun Hyun
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea 54538.,Wonkang Materials Institute of Science and Technology, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea 54538
| | - Hee Cheul Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang-si, Korea 37673
| | - Intek Song
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Andong National University, 1375 Gyeongdong-ro, Andong, Gyeongbuk, Korea 36729
| | - Seok Min Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea 54538.,Wonkang Materials Institute of Science and Technology, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea 54538
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46
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A disubstituted-norbornene-based comonomer strategy to address polar monomer problem. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:1429-1436. [PMID: 36654369 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The transition-metal-catalyzed copolymerization of olefins with polar comonomers is a direct strategy to access polar-functionalized polyolefins in an economical manner. Due to the intrinsic poisoning effect of polar groups towards Lewis acidic metal centers and the drastic reactivity differences of polar comonomers versus non-polar olefins, it is challenging to develop catalysts that provide the desired polymer molecular weight, comonomer incorporation, and activity. In this contribution, we tackle this issue from a comonomer perspective using 5,6-disubstituted norbornenes, which are highly versatile, easily accessible, inexpensive, and capable of introducing two functional groups in a single insertion. More importantly, they are only mildly poisoning due to the presence of long spacers between double bonds and polar groups, and are not prone to β-hydride elimination due to their cyclic structures. As strong π-donors, they can competitively bind to metal centers versus olefins. Indeed, phosphine-sulfonate palladium catalysts can catalyze the copolymerization of ethylene with 5,6-disubstituted norbornenes and simultaneously achieve a high polymerization activity, copolymer molecular weight, and comonomer incorporation. The practicality of this system was demonstrated by studying the properties of the resulting polymers, copolymerization in hydrocarbon solvents or in bulk, recovery/utilization of unreacted comonomer, molecular weight modulation, and large-scale synthesis.
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47
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Zhang H, Zou C, Zhao H, Cai Z, Chen C. Hydrogen-Bonding-Induced Heterogenization of Nickel and Palladium Catalysts for Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Monomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17446-17451. [PMID: 34036725 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The practical synthesis of polar-functionalized polyolefins using transition-metal-catalyzed copolymerization of olefins with polar monomers is a challenge; the use of heterogeneous catalysts is little explored. Herein, we report the synthesis of heterogeneous naphthoquinone-based nickel (Ni/SiO2 ) and palladium (Pd/SiO2 ) catalysts through hydrogen bonding interactions of the ligands with the silica surface. Ni/SiO2 exhibits high activities (up to 2.65×106 g mol-1 h-1 ) during the copolymerization of ethylene with 5-hexene-1-yl-acetate, affording high-molecular-weight (Mn up to 630 000) polar-functionalized semicrystalline polyethylene (comonomer incorporation up to 2.8 mol %), along with great morphology control. The resulting copolymers possess improved surface properties and great mechanical properties. Pd/SiO2 can mediate ethylene copolymerization with polar monomers with moderate activity to produce high-molecular-weight copolymers with tunable comonomer incorporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Huipeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zhengguo Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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48
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Zhang H, Zou C, Zhao H, Cai Z, Chen C. Hydrogen‐Bonding‐Induced Heterogenization of Nickel and Palladium Catalysts for Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Monomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
| | - Chen Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Huipeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
| | - Zhengguo Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
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Benchaphanthawee W, Peng CH. Organo-Cobalt Complexes in Reversible-Deactivation Radical Polymerization. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3628-3647. [PMID: 34132014 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt complexes have played an essential role in different chemical reactions. One of them that has attracted substantial attention in polymer science is cobalt mediated radical polymerization (CMRP), which is famous for its remarkable efficiency in controlling the radical polymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc) and other less active monomers (LAMs). Two pathways, reversible termination (RT) and degenerative transfer (DT), were recognized to control the polymerization in CMRP and could be further used to rationalize the mechanism of other RDRP methods. These control mechanisms were then found to be correlated to the redox potential of cobalt complexes and thus could be judged more quantitatively. The control of polymer composition and tacticity could also be achieved by using CMRP. The hybridization of CMRP and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) could directly synthesize the vinyl acetate/methyl methacrylate and vinyl acetate/styrene block copolymers in one pot. The copolymer of acrylates and 1-octene could be obtained by visible-light-induced CMRP. With the addition of bulky Lewis acid, CMRP of N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) showed high isotacticities with the contents of meso dyads (m) and meso triads (mm) up to 94 % and 87 %, respectively, and generated the crystalline PDMA with Tm as high as 276 °C. This personal account reviewed the development of CMRP with the mechanistic understanding, the control of composition and stereoselectivity of the polymeric products, and its perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wachara Benchaphanthawee
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., 30013, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chi-How Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., 30013, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Zhang J, Mason AH, Wang Y, Motta A, Kobayashi T, Pruski M, Gao Y, Marks TJ. Beyond the Active Site. Cp*ZrMe
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/Sulfated Alumina‐Catalyzed Olefin Polymerization Tacticity via Catalyst⋅⋅⋅Surface Ion‐Pairing. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jialong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP) Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208–3113 USA
| | - Alexander H. Mason
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP) Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208–3113 USA
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP) Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208–3113 USA
| | - Alessandro Motta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Università di Roma “La Sapienza” and INSTM UdR Roma Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 I-00185 Roma Italy
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011–3020 USA
| | - Marek Pruski
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011–3020 USA
| | - Yanshan Gao
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP) Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208–3113 USA
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP) Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208–3113 USA
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