1
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Sun QJ, Guo WT, Liu SZ, Tang XG, Roy VA, Zhao XH. Rise of Metal-Organic Frameworks: From Synthesis to E-Skin and Artificial Intelligence. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39178336 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attained broad research attention in the areas of sensors, resistive memories, and optoelectronic synapses on the merits of their intriguing physical and chemical properties. In this review, recent progress on the synthesis of MOFs and their electronic applications is introduced and discussed. Initially, the crystal structures and properties of MOFs encompassing optical, electrical, and chemical properties are discussed in brief. Subsequently, advanced synthesis methods for MOFs are introduced, categorized into hydrothermal approach, microwave synthesis, mechanochemical synthesis, and electrochemical deposition. After that, the various roles of MOFs in widespread applications, including sensing, information storage, optoelectronic synapses, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, are discussed, highlighting their versatility and the innovative solutions they provide to long-standing challenges. Finally, an outlook on remaining challenges and a future perspective for MOFs are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Jun Sun
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Physics and System Integration Applications, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Tao Guo
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Physics and System Integration Applications, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Zheng Liu
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Physics and System Integration Applications, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Gui Tang
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Physics and System Integration Applications, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Vellaisamy Al Roy
- School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Hua Zhao
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou Institute of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510540, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
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2
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Eddy L, Xu S, Liu C, Scotland P, Chen W, Beckham JL, Damasceno B, Choi CH, Silva K, Lathem A, Han Y, Yakobson BI, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Tour JM. Electric Field Effects in Flash Joule Heating Synthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:16010-16019. [PMID: 38805019 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Flash Joule heating has emerged as an ultrafast, scalable, and versatile synthesis method for nanomaterials, such as graphene. Here, we experimentally and theoretically deconvolute the contributions of thermal and electrical processes to the synthesis of graphene by flash Joule heating. While traditional methods of graphene synthesis involve purely chemical or thermal driving forces, our results show that the presence of charge and the resulting electric field in a graphene precursor catalyze the formation of graphene. Furthermore, modulation of the current or the pulse width affords the ability to control the three-step phase transition of the material from amorphous carbon to turbostratic graphene and finally to ordered (AB and ABC-stacked) graphene and graphite. Finally, density functional theory simulations reveal that the presence of a charge- and current-induced electric field inside the graphene precursor facilitates phase transition by lowering the activation energy of the reaction. These results demonstrate that the passage of electrical current through a solid sample can directly drive nanocrystal nucleation in flash Joule heating, an insight that may inform future Joule heating or other electrical synthesis strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Eddy
- Applied Physics Graduate Program and Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Shichen Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Changhao Liu
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Phelecia Scotland
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Weiyin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jacob L Beckham
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Barbara Damasceno
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Chi Hun Choi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Karla Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Alexander Lathem
- Applied Physics Graduate Program and Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Yimo Han
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Boris I Yakobson
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Smalley-Curl Institute, the NanoCarbon Center, and the Rice Advanced Materials Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Xinfang Zhang
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Physics, Corban University, 5000 Deer Park Drive SE, Salem, Oregon 97317, United States
| | - James M Tour
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Smalley-Curl Institute, the NanoCarbon Center, and the Rice Advanced Materials Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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3
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Zhang R, Zeng Q, Wang M, Wang L. Catalytic ability characterization of in situ synthesized Pt NP coated SBA-15 within a sub-micropipette. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5310-5313. [PMID: 38666500 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01079e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
An individual catalytic entity of an n-Pt/SBA-15 composite was synthesized in situ within a sub-micropipette nanoreactor, and its size-dependent catalytic ability was evaluated using the resistance pulse signals of O2 nanobubbles, originating from H2O2 decomposition catalyzed by decorated Pt NPs in the composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Qiang Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Min Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Lishi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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4
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Zhou Z, Wang J, Hou S, Mukherjee S, Fischer RA. Room Temperature Synthesis Mediated Porphyrinic NanoMOF Enables Benchmark Electrochemical Biosensing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301933. [PMID: 37140098 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Leveraging size effects, nanoparticles of metal-organic frameworks, nanoMOFs, have recently gained traction, amplifying their scopes in electrochemical sensing. However, their synthesis, especially under eco-friendly ambient conditions remains an unmet challenge. Herein, an ambient and fast secondary building unit (SBU)-assisted synthesis (SAS) route to afford a prototypal porphyrinic MOF, Fe-MOF-525 is introduced. Albeit the benign room temperature conditions, Fe-MOF-525(SAS) nanocrystallites obtained are of ≈30 nm size, relatively smaller than the ones conventional solvothermal methods elicit. Integrating Fe-MOF-525(SAS) as a thin film on a conductive indium tin oxide (ITO) surface affords Fe-MOF-525(SAS)/ITO, an electrochemical biosensor. Synergistic confluence of modular MOF composition, analyte-specific redox metalloporphyrin sites, and crystal downsizing contribute to its benchmark voltammetric uric acid (UA) sensing. Showcasing a wide linear range of UA detection with high sensitivity and low detection limit, this SAS strategy coalesces ambient condition synthesis and nanoparticle size control, paving a green way to advanced sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Shujin Hou
- Physics of Energy Conversion and Storage, Physic-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94T9PX, Ireland
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Roland A Fischer
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
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5
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Mondaca-Medina E, García-Carrillo R, Lee H, Wang Y, Zhang H, Ren H. Nanoelectrochemistry in electrochemical phase transition reactions. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7611-7619. [PMID: 37476712 PMCID: PMC10355110 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01857a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical phase transition is important in a range of processes, including gas generation in fuel cells and electrolyzers, as well as in electrodeposition in battery and metal production. Nucleation is the first step in these phase transition reactions. A deep understanding of the kinetics, and mechanism of the nucleation and the structure of the nuclei and nucleation sites is fundamentally important. In this perspective, theories and methods for studying electrochemical nucleation are briefly reviewed, with an emphasis on nanoelectrochemistry and single-entity electrochemistry approaches. Perspectives on open questions and potential future approaches are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elías Mondaca-Medina
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin 105 E 24th St Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - Roberto García-Carrillo
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin 105 E 24th St Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - Hyein Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin 105 E 24th St Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin 105 E 24th St Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin 105 E 24th St Austin TX 78712 USA
| | - Hang Ren
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin 105 E 24th St Austin TX 78712 USA
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6
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Liang C, Tan S, Shao L, Xue X, Liu J, Liu N, Zhang W, Shi Q. Sensitive Current Sensor Based on a Lanthanide Framework with Lewis Basic Bipyridyl Sites for Cu 2+ Detection. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37296395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A new Yb-based three-dimensional metal-organic framework with free Lewis basic sites, [Yb2(ddbpdc)3(CH3OH)2] (referred to as ACBP-6), from YbCl3 and (6R,8R)-6,8-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-6H-[1,5]dioxonino[7,6-b:8,9-b']dipyridine-3,11-dicarboxylic acid (H2ddbpdc) was synthesized by a conventional solvothermal method. Two Yb3+ are connected by three carboxyl groups to form the [Yb2(CO2)5] binuclear unit, which is further bridged by two carboxyl moieties to produce a tetranuclear secondary building unit. With further ligation of the ligand ddbpdc2-, a 3-D MOF with helical channels is constructed. In the MOF, Yb3+ only coordinates with O atoms, leaving the bipyridyl N atoms of ddbpdc2- unoccupied. The unsaturated Lewis basic sites make this framework possible to coordinate with other metal ions. After growing the ACBP-6 in situ into a glass micropipette, a novel current sensor is formed. This sensor shows high selectivity and a high signal-to-noise ratio toward Cu2+ detection with a detection limit of 1 μM, due to the stronger coordination ability between the Cu2+ and the bipyridyl N atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Liang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
- Institute of New Materials & Industry Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, P. R. China
| | - Shiyi Tan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Lixiong Shao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Xue
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
- Institute of New Materials & Industry Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, P. R. China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Nannan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
- Institute of New Materials & Industry Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325027, P. R. China
| | - Weibing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
| | - Qian Shi
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
- Institute of New Materials & Industry Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, P. R. China
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7
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Xia Q, Liu B, Wang C, Shen T, Li S, Bu Y, Zhang Y, Lu Z, Gao G. Electrostatic-induced green and precise growth of model catalysts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2217256120. [PMID: 36802424 PMCID: PMC9992858 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2217256120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Crystallographic control of crystals as catalysts with precise geometrical and chemical features is significantly important to develop sustainable chemistry, yet highly challenging. Encouraged by first principles calculations, precise structure control of ionic crystals could be realized by introducing an interfacial electrostatic field. Herein, we report an efficient in situ dipole-sourced electrostatic field modulation strategy using polarized ferroelectret, for crystal facet engineering toward challenging catalysis reactions, which avoids undesired faradic reactions or insufficient field strength by conventional external electric field. Resultantly, a distinct structure evolution from tetrahedron to polyhedron with different dominated facets of Ag3PO4 model catalyst was obtained by tuning the polarization level, and similar oriented growth was also realized by ZnO system. Theoretical calculations and simulation reveal that the generated electrostatic field can effectively guide the migration and anchoring of Ag+ precursors and free Ag3PO4 nuclei, achieving oriented crystal growth by thermodynamic and kinetic balance. The faceted Ag3PO4 catalyst exhibits high performance in photocatalytic water oxidation and nitrogen fixation for valuable chemicals production, validating the effectiveness and potential of this crystal regulation strategy. Such an electrically tunable growth concept by electrostatic field provides new synthetic insights and great opportunity to effectively tailor the crystal structures for facet-dependent catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiancheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou225002, China
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Tao Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Yongguang Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Zhenda Lu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
- Research Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Guandao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
- Research Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
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8
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Song Q, Shi S, Liu B. Metal-Organic Framework-Based Colloidal Particle Synthesis, Assembly, and Application. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202200396. [PMID: 36740571 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) assembled from metal nodes and organic ligands have received significant attention over the past two decades for their fascinating porous properties and broad applications. Colloidal MOFs (CMOFs) not only inherit the intrinsic properties of MOFs, but can also serve as building blocks for self-assembly to make functional materials. Compared to bulk MOFs, the colloidal size of CMOFs facilitates further manipulation of CMOF particles in a single or collective state in a liquid medium. The resulting crystalline order obtained by self-assembly in position and orientation can effectively improve performance. In this review, we summarize the latest developments of CMOFs in synthesis strategies, self-assembly methods, and related applications. Finally, we discuss future challenges and opportunities of CMOFs in synthesis and assembly, by which we hope that CMOFs can be further developed into new areas for a wider range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shang Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Bing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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9
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Xu X, Valavanis D, Ciocci P, Confederat S, Marcuccio F, Lemineur JF, Actis P, Kanoufi F, Unwin PR. The New Era of High-Throughput Nanoelectrochemistry. Anal Chem 2023; 95:319-356. [PMID: 36625121 PMCID: PMC9835065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Xu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | | | - Paolo Ciocci
- Université
Paris Cité, ITODYS, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Samuel Confederat
- School
of Electronic and Electrical Engineering and Pollard Institute, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.,Bragg
Centre for Materials Research, University
of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Fabio Marcuccio
- School
of Electronic and Electrical Engineering and Pollard Institute, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.,Bragg
Centre for Materials Research, University
of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.,Faculty
of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Paolo Actis
- School
of Electronic and Electrical Engineering and Pollard Institute, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.,Bragg
Centre for Materials Research, University
of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.,
| | | | - Patrick R. Unwin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.,
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10
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Electric-Field Oriented Self-Assembly of Mn3O4 Nanostructures Driven by Liquid Plasma Discharge for Super Capacitor. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Li ZQ, Zhu GL, Mo RJ, Wu MY, Ding XL, Huang LQ, Wu ZQ, Xia XH. Light-Enhanced Osmotic Energy Harvester Using Photoactive Porphyrin Metal-Organic Framework Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202698. [PMID: 35293120 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
High ion selectivity and permeability, as two contradictory aspects for the membrane design, highly hamper the development of osmotic energy harvesting technologies. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with ultra-small and high-density pores and functional surface groups show great promise in tackling these problems. Here, we propose a facile and mild cathodic deposition method to directly prepare crack-free porphyrin MOF membranes on a porous anodic aluminum oxide for osmotic energy harvesting. The abundant carboxyl groups of the functionalized porphyrin ligands together with the nanoporous structure endows the MOF membrane with high cation selectivity and ion permeability, thus a large output power density of 6.26 W m-2 is achieved. The photoactive porphyrin ligands further lead to an improvement of the power density to 7.74 W m-2 upon light irradiation. This work provides a promising strategy for the design of high-performance osmotic energy harvesting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Qiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Guan-Long Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ri-Jian Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ming-Yang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xin-Lei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Li-Qiu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zeng-Qiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xing-Hua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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12
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Unwin P. Concluding remarks: next generation nanoelectrochemistry - next generation nanoelectrochemists. Faraday Discuss 2022; 233:374-391. [PMID: 35229863 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00020b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to describe the scientific journey taken to arrive at present-day nanoelectrochemistry and consider how the area might develop in the future, particularly in light of papers presented at this Faraday Discussion. By adopting a generational approach, this brief contribution traces the story of the nanoelectrochemistry family within the broader electrochemistry field, with a focus on scientific capability and themes that were important to each generation. I shall consider research questions and the impact of technology that was developed or available in each period. Nanoelectrochemistry is still somewhat niche, but is attracting increasing numbers of researchers. It is set to become a major part of electrochemistry and interfacial science. It is studied by people with a fairly unique skillset, and I shall speculate on the skills and expertise that will be needed by nanoelectrochemists to address the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead. I conclude by asking: who will be the nanoelectrochemists of the future and what will they do?
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Unwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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13
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Li Z, Zhu G, Mo R, Wu M, Ding X, Huang L, Wu Z, Xia X. Light‐Enhanced Osmotic Energy Harvester Using Photoactive Porphyrin Metal–Organic Framework Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong‐Qiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Guan‐Long Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Ri‐Jian Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Ming‐Yang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xin‐Lei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Li‐Qiu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Zeng‐Qiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xing‐Hua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
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14
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Wang W, Wang X, Wang Y, Jiang B, Song H. Spherical Multishell Hollow Carbon-based Catalyst with Controllable N-Species Content for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Air-breath Cathode Microbial Fuel Cell. REACT CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00528f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Spherical micro- and mesoporous carbon-based catalysts are often surprisingly effective at oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, a self-templated strategy was proposed to fabricate a spherical MOF (S-Terephthalic acid-MOF, S-Co-Ni-PTA-MOF) via...
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15
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Xu F, Zhou Y, Zhai X, Zhang H, Liu H, Ang EH, Lu Y, Nie Z, Zhou M, Zhu J. Ultrafast Universal Fabrication of Metal-Organic Complex Nanosheets by Joule Heating Engineering. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2101212. [PMID: 35041277 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202101212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional metal-organic complex (MOC) nanosheets are of great interest in various areas. Current strategies applied to synthesize MOC nanosheets are suffering from low yield, usage of large amounts of environmentally unfriendly organic solvent, are time and energy consuming, and cumbersome steps for 2D nanostructures. In this work, a novel joule heating mechanism is proposed to fabricate MOC nanosheets about 5 nm in thickness with tunable metal compositions (i.e. M = Co, CoNi, and CoFe) within 60 s. Small amount of water is used as the only solvent. Under the intense irradiation of the microwave, fast heating via ionic conduction loss is realized, and urea is catalytically condensed into the long-chain organic ligands rich in N atoms that are capable of coordinating with metal ions to form the stubborn MOC framework, which is simultaneously puffed into an ultrathin nanosheet structure by the intensive release of gas. As a proof of concept, the as-synthesized Co-MOC nanosheet exhibits a superior lithium storage performance of 360 and 330 mA h g-1 after 1200 and 2300 cycles at a current density of 500 and 1000 mA g-1 , respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- Department Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) and Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Yanping Zhou
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xingwu Zhai
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hongjian Zhang
- Department Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) and Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Haodong Liu
- Department Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) and Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Edison Huixiang Ang
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637616, Singapore
| | - Yufei Lu
- Department Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) and Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Zhentao Nie
- Department Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) and Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jixin Zhu
- Department Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) and Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
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16
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Kaliszczak M, Durand P, Wenger E, Dossot M, Jones F, Arrigan DWM, Herzog G. Electrochemically controlled cocrystallisation of caffeine:1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01281a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The formation of caffeine and 1-hydroxy-2-naphtoic acid cocrystals at a water–oil interface was controlled by potential difference, Δwoϕ, favouring one polymorphic form of the cocrystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kaliszczak
- Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environment – LCPME, CNRS – Université de Lorraine, Villers Les Nancy, France
| | - Pierrick Durand
- CRM2 UMR 7036, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, Lorraine, France
| | - Emmanuel Wenger
- CRM2 UMR 7036, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, Lorraine, France
| | - Manuel Dossot
- Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environment – LCPME, CNRS – Université de Lorraine, Villers Les Nancy, France
| | - Franca Jones
- School of Molecular & Life Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia
| | - Damien W. M. Arrigan
- School of Molecular & Life Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia
| | - Grégoire Herzog
- Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environment – LCPME, CNRS – Université de Lorraine, Villers Les Nancy, France
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17
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Bai YY, Feng ZT, Yang YJ, Yang XY, Zhang ZL. Current Lifetime of Single-Nanoparticle Collision for Sizing Nanoparticles. Anal Chem 2021; 94:1302-1307. [PMID: 34957818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Accurate size analysis of nanoparticles (NPs) is vital for nanotechnology. However, this cannot be realized based on conventional single-nanoparticle collision (SNC) because the current intensity, a thermodynamic parameter of SNC for sizing NPs, is always smaller than the theoretical value due to the effect of NP movements on the electrode surface. Herein, a size-dependent dynamic parameter of SNC, current lifetime, which refers to the time that the current intensity decays to 1/e of the original value, was originally utilized to distinguish differently sized NPs. Results showed that the current lifetime increased with NP size. After taking the current lifetime into account rather than the current intensity, the overlap rates for the peak-type current transients of differently sized Pt NPs (10 and 15 nm) and Au NPs (18 and 35 nm) reduced from 73 and 7% to 45 and 0%, respectively, which were closer to the theoretical values (29 and 0%). Hence, the proposed SNC dynamics-based method holds great potential for developing reliable electrochemical approaches to evaluate NP sizes accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yan Bai
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Tao Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Yan-Ju Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yan Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
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18
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Valavanis D, Ciocci P, Meloni GN, Morris P, Lemineur JF, McPherson IJ, Kanoufi F, Unwin PR. Hybrid scanning electrochemical cell microscopy-interference reflection microscopy (SECCM-IRM): tracking phase formation on surfaces in small volumes. Faraday Discuss 2021; 233:122-148. [PMID: 34909815 DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00063b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We describe the combination of scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) and interference reflection microscopy (IRM) to produce a compelling technique for the study of interfacial processes and to track the SECCM meniscus status in real-time. SECCM allows reactions to be confined to well defined nm-to-μm-sized regions of a surface, and for experiments to be repeated quickly and easily at multiple locations. IRM is a highly surface-sensitive technique which reveals processes happening (very) close to a substrate with temporal and spatial resolution commensurate with typical electrochemical techniques. By using thin transparent conductive layers on glass as substrates, IRM can be coupled to SECCM, to allow real-time in situ optical monitoring of the SECCM meniscus and of processes that occur within it at the electrode/electrolyte interface. We first use the technique to assess the stability of the SECCM meniscus during voltammetry at an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode at close to neutral pH, demonstrating that the meniscus contact area is rather stable over a large potential window and reproducible, varying by only ca. 5% over different SECCM approaches. At high cathodic potentials, subtle electrowetting is easily detected and quantified. We also look inside the meniscus to reveal surface changes at extreme cathodic potentials, assigned to the possible formation of indium nanoparticles. Finally, we examine the effect of meniscus size and driving potential on CaCO3 precipitation at the ITO electrode as a result of electrochemically-generated pH swings. We are able to track the number, spatial distribution and morphology of material with high spatiotemporal resolution and rationalise some of the observed deposition patterns with finite element method modelling of reactive-transport. Growth of solid phases on surfaces from solution is an important pathway to functional materials and SECCM-IRM provides a means for in situ or in operando visualisation and tracking of these processes with improved fidelity. We anticipate that this technique will be particularly powerful for the study of phase formation processes, especially as the high throughput nature of SECCM-IRM (where each spot is a separate experiment) will allow for the creation of large datasets, exploring a wide experimental parameter landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo Ciocci
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS, F-75006 Paris, France.
| | - Gabriel N Meloni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Peter Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | | | - Ian J McPherson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | | | - Patrick R Unwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
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19
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McPherson IJ, Brown P, Meloni GN, Unwin PR. Visualization of Ion Fluxes in Nanopipettes: Detection and Analysis of Electro-osmosis of the Second Kind. Anal Chem 2021; 93:16302-16307. [PMID: 34846865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanopipettes are finding increasing use as nano "test tubes", with reactions triggered through application of an electrochemical potential between electrodes in the nanopipette and a bathing solution (bath). Key to this application is an understanding of how the applied potential induces mixing of the reagents from the nanopipette and the bath. Here, we demonstrate a laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) approach to tracking the ingress of dye into a nanopipette (20-50 nm diameter end opening). We examine the case of dianionic fluorescein under alkaline conditions (pH 11) and large applied tip potentials (±10 V), with respect to the bath, and surprisingly find that dye ingress from the bath into the nanopipette is not observed under either sign of potential. Finite element method (FEM) simulations indicate this is due to the dominance of electro-osmosis in mass transport, with electro-osmotic flow in the conventional direction at +10 V and electro-osmosis of the second kind acting in the same direction at -10 V, caused by the formation of significant space charge in the center of the orifice. The results highlight the significant deviation in mass transport behavior that emerges at the nanoscale and the utility of the combined LSCM and FEM approach in deepening understanding, which in turn should promote new applications of nanopipettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian J McPherson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel N Meloni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick R Unwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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20
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Zhou Y, Sun L, Watanabe S, Ando T. Recent Advances in the Glass Pipet: from Fundament to Applications. Anal Chem 2021; 94:324-335. [PMID: 34841859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanshu Zhou
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Linhao Sun
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shinji Watanabe
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Toshio Ando
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
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21
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Jagdale GS, Choi MH, Siepser NP, Jeong S, Wang Y, Skalla RX, Huang K, Ye X, Baker LA. Electrospray deposition for single nanoparticle studies. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:4105-4113. [PMID: 34554166 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01295a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Single entity electrochemical (SEE) studies that can probe activities and heterogeneity in activities at nanoscale require samples that contain single and isolated particles. Single, isolated nanoparticles are achieved here with electrospray deposition of colloidal nanoparticle solutions, with simple instrumentation. Role of three electrospray (ES) parameters, viz. spray distance (emitter tip-to-substrate distance), ES current and emitter tip diameter, in the ES deposition of single Au nano-octahedra (Au ODs) is examined. The ES deposition of single, isolated Au ODs are analyzed in terms of percentage of single NPs and local surface density of deposition. The local surface density of ES deposition of single Au ODs was found to increase with decrease in spray distance and emitter tip diameter, and increase in ES current. While the percentage of single particle ES deposition increased with increase in spray distance and decrease in emitter tip size. No significant change in the single Au ODs ES deposition percentage was observed with change in ES current values included in this study. The most favourable conditions in the ES deposition of Au ODs in this study resulted in the local surface density of 0.26 ± 0.05 single particles per μm2 and observation of 96.3% single Au OD deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi S Jagdale
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA.
| | - Myung-Hoon Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA.
| | - Natasha P Siepser
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA.
| | - Soojin Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA.
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA.
| | - Rebecca X Skalla
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA.
| | - Kaixiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA.
| | - Xingchen Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA.
| | - Lane A Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA.
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22
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Bai S, Liu C, Wang L. Confined Synthesis of Silver Wire at the Nanopipette-Liquid/Liquid Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:10741-10749. [PMID: 34450023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, silver wire is synthesized electrochemically within a nanopipette using the nanopipette-liquid/liquid interface. The i-t curve characterizes the growth state of the silver wire. The higher rate of current increase indicates the faster electron transfer and the faster growth of the silver wire; conversely, when the current does not increase significantly with time, i.e., the rate of increase of the current is small, the growth rate of the silver wire is slow. The main driving force for the growth of silver into a linear structure is the theoretical current differential between the water and oil, caused by the concentration difference between the silver nitrate and ferrocene. The growth of the silver wire is also influenced by the shape of the nanopipette. If the diameter of the pipet increases quickly, silver wire tends to produce multibranched structures, while a smaller diameter makes it easier to obtain silver wire with fewer branches due to the confinement effect. This method is also applicable to the synthesis of gold within a nanopipette. The combination of nanopipette and metallic material using a liquid-liquid interface results in a broader application of nanopipettes for nanopore sensors, nanopore electrodes, bipolar electrodes, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silan Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lishi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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23
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Teahan J, Perry D, Chen B, McPherson IJ, Meloni GN, Unwin PR. Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy: Surface Charge Effects on Electroosmotic Flow Delivery from a Nanopipette. Anal Chem 2021; 93:12281-12288. [PMID: 34460243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) is a powerful and versatile technique that allows an increasingly wide range of interfacial properties and processes to be studied. SICM employs a nanopipette tip that contains electrolyte solution and a quasi-reference counter electrode (QRCE), to which a potential is applied with respect to a QRCE in a bathing solution, in which the tip is placed. The work herein considers the potential-controlled delivery of uncharged electroactive molecules (solute) from an SICM tip to a working electrode substrate to determine the effect of the substrate on electroosmotic flow (EOF). Specifically, the local delivery of hydroquinone from the tip to a carbon fiber ultramicroelectrode (CF UME) provides a means of quantifying the rate of mass transport from the nanopipette and mapping electroactivity via the CF UME current response for hydroquinone oxidation to benzoquinone. EOF, and therefore species delivery, has a particularly strong dependence on the charge of the substrate surface at close nanopipette-substrate surface separations, with implications for retaining neutral solute within the tip predelivery and for the delivery process itself, both controlled via the applied tip potential. Finite element method (FEM) simulations of mass transport and reactivity are used to explain the experimental observations and identify the nature of EOF, including unusual flow patterns under certain conditions. The combination of experimental results with FEM simulations provides new insights on mass transport in SICM that will enhance quantitative applications and enable new possibilities for the use of nanopipettes for local delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Teahan
- MAS Centre for Doctoral Training, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - David Perry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Baoping Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J McPherson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel N Meloni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick R Unwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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24
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Operando analysis of the electrosynthesis of Ag2O nanocubes by scanning electrochemical microscopy. Electrochem commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2021.106950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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25
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Kim H, Kim N, Ryu J. Porous framework-based hybrid materials for solar-to-chemical energy conversion: from powder photocatalysts to photoelectrodes. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi00543j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Porous framework materials such as metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) can be considered promising materials for solar-to-chemical energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwoo Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Emergent Hydrogen Technology R&D Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayeong Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Emergent Hydrogen Technology R&D Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungki Ryu
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Emergent Hydrogen Technology R&D Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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26
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Morris PD, McPherson IJ, Edwards MA, Kashtiban RJ, Walton RI, Unwin PR. Electric Field-Controlled Synthesis and Characterisation of Single Metal-Organic-Framework (MOF) Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19696-19701. [PMID: 32633454 PMCID: PMC7693291 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Achieving control over the size distribution of metal-organic-framework (MOF) nanoparticles is key to biomedical applications and seeding techniques. Electrochemical control over the nanoparticle synthesis of the MOF, HKUST-1, is achieved using a nanopipette injection method to locally mix Cu2+ salt precursor and benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate (BTC3- ) ligand reagents, to form MOF nanocrystals, and collect and characterise them on a TEM grid. In situ analysis of the size and translocation frequency of HKUST-1 nanoparticles is demonstrated, using the nanopipette to detect resistive pulses as nanoparticles form. Complementary modelling of mass transport in the electric field, enables particle size to be estimated and explains the feasibility of particular reaction conditions, including inhibitory effects of excess BTC3- . These new methods should be applicable to a variety of MOFs, and scaling up synthesis possible via arrays of nanoscale reaction centres, for example using nanopore membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Ian J McPherson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Martin A Edwards
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Reza J Kashtiban
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Richard I Walton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Patrick R Unwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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