1
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Bu Y, Kim BS. Green production of functionalized few-layer borophene decorated with cerium-doped iron oxide nanoparticles for repeatable hydrogen peroxide detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 260:116448. [PMID: 38820720 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Functionalized few-layer borophene (FFB) was prepared using gallnut extract and coffee waste extract as natural exfoliating and stabilizing agents in an environmentally friendly ultrasonic and high shear exfoliation. Here, a facile precipitation method was employed to grow iron oxide nanoparticles doped with cerium (Ce-FeONPs) onto the surface of FFB. This intriguing combination of materials yielded Ce-FeONPs nanoparticles that exhibited exceptional peroxidase-like activity, efficiently catalyzing the conversion of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to a blue oxidized TMB (oxTMB) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Additionally, the introduction of FFB contributes a reducibility effect to the catalytic oxidation of TMB, facilitating the restoration of the oxTMB to TMB. Thus, FFB-Ce-FeONPs showcase intriguing properties encompassing both oxidative and reductive characteristics, suggesting their potential as a reagent for repeated detection of H2O2. Moreover, a colorimetric sensing system enabled the liner detection of H2O2 spanning a concentration range from 0.08 to 1 mM, with a detection limit of 0.03 mM. Noteworthily, FFB-Ce-FeONPs demonstrated sustained efficacy over ten successive recycling cycles, as indicated by consistent slopes and observable color changes. In summary, this work reports the first application of nanoenzymes in repetitive H2O2 detection. Even after ten multiple cycles, the detection limit remains virtually unaltered, underscoring the robustness and enduring effectiveness of the engineered nanomaterial. The proposed simultaneous oxidation and reduction strategies for detecting H2O2 showed a commendable capability in ten cycles of H2O2 detection, thus providing a promising approach in the field of H2O2 detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Bu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Chung JY, Yuan Y, Mishra TP, Joseph C, Canepa P, Ranjan P, Sadki EHS, Gradečak S, Garaj S. Structure and exfoliation mechanism of two-dimensional boron nanosheets. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6122. [PMID: 39033164 PMCID: PMC11271264 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49974-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Exfoliation of two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets from three-dimensional (3D) non-layered, non-van der Waals crystals represents an emerging strategy for materials engineering that could significantly increase the library of 2D materials. Yet, the exfoliation mechanism in which nanosheets are derived from crystals that are not intrinsically layered remains unclear. Here, we show that planar defects in the starting 3D boron material promote the exfoliation of 2D boron sheets-by combining liquid-phase exfoliation, aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. We demonstrate that 2D boron nanosheets consist of a planar arrangement of icosahedral sub-units cleaved along the {001} planes of β-rhombohedral boron. Correspondingly, intrinsic stacking faults in 3D boron form parallel layers of faulted planes in the same orientation as the exfoliated nanosheets, reducing the {001} cleavage energy. Planar defects represent a potential engineerable pathway for exfoliating 2D sheets from 3D boron and, more broadly, the other covalently bonded materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yang Chung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Applied Materials - NUS Advanced Materials Corporate Lab, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yanwen Yuan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Applied Materials - NUS Advanced Materials Corporate Lab, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tara P Mishra
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chithralekha Joseph
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pieremanuele Canepa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pranay Ranjan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - El Hadi S Sadki
- Department of Physics, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE
| | - Silvija Gradečak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Applied Materials - NUS Advanced Materials Corporate Lab, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Slaven Garaj
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Physics, Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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3
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Wang X, Wang Y, Ma M, Zhao X, Zhang J, Zhang F. P-N Bonds-Mediated Atomic-Level Charge-Transfer Channel Fabricated between Violet Phosphorus and Carbon Nitride Favors Charge Separation and Water Splitting. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311841. [PMID: 38368255 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Heterostructures are widely employed in photocatalysis to promote charge separation and photocatalytic activity. However, their benefits are limited by the linkages and contact environment at the interface. Herein, violet phosphorus quantum dots (VPQDs) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) are employed as model materials to form VPQDs/g-C3N4 heterostructures by a simple ultrasonic pulse excitation method. The heterostructure contains strong interfacial P-N bonds that mitigate interfacial charge-separation issues. P-P bond breakage occurs in the distinctive cage-like [P9] VPQD units during longitudinal disruption, thereby exposing numerous active P sites that bond with N atoms in g-C3N4 under ultrasonic pulse excitation. The atomic-level interfacial P-N bonds of the Z-scheme VPQDs/g-C3N4 heterostructure serve as photogenerated charge-transfer channels for improved electron-hole separation efficiency. This results in excellent photocatalytic performance with a hydrogen evolution rate of 7.70 mmol g-1 h-1 (over 9.2 and 8.5 times greater than those of pure g-C3N4 and VPQDs, respectively) and apparent quantum yield of 11.68% at 400 nm. Using atomic-level chemical bonds to promote interfacial charge separation in phosphorene heterostructures is a feasible and effective design strategy for photocatalytic water-splitting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ming Ma
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xuewen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Jinying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Fuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
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He X, Tian W, Yang L, Bai Z, Li L. Optical and Electrical Modulation Strategies of Photoelectrodes for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300350. [PMID: 37330656 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
When constructing efficient, cost-effective, and stable photoelectrodes for photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems, the solar-driven photo-to-chemical conversion efficiency of semiconductors is limited by several factors, including the surface catalytic activity, light absorption range, carrier separation, and transfer efficiency. Accordingly, various modulation strategies, such as modifying the light propagation behavior and regulating the absorption range of incident light based on optics and constructing and regulating the built-in electric field of semiconductors based on carrier behaviors in semiconductors, are implemented to improve the PEC performance. Herein, the mechanism and research advancements of optical and electrical modulation strategies for photoelectrodes are reviewed. First, parameters and methods for characterizing the performance and mechanism of photoelectrodes are introduced to reveal the principle and significance of modulation strategies. Then, plasmon and photonic crystal structures and mechanisms are summarized from the perspective of controlling the propagation behavior of incident light. Subsequently, the design of an electrical polarization material, polar surface, and heterojunction structure is elaborated to construct an internal electric field, which serves as the driving force to facilitate the separation and transfer of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Finally, the challenges and opportunities for developing optical and electrical modulation strategies for photoelectrodes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhong He
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Center for Disease Immunity and Intervention, School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tian
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyu Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials and Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
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He Z, Du J, Miao Y, Li Y. Recent Developments of Inorganic Nanosensitizers for Sonodynamic Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300234. [PMID: 37070721 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
As a noninvasive treatment, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has been widely used in the treatment of tumors because of its ability to penetrate deep tissue with few side effects. As the key factor of SDT, it is meaningful to design and synthesize efficient sonosensitizers. Compared with organic sonosensitizers, inorganic sonosensitizers can be easily excited by ultrasound. In addition, inorganic sonosensitizers with stable properties, good dispersion, and long blood circulation time, have great development potential in SDT. This review summarizes possible mechanisms of SDT (sonoexcitation and ultrasonic cavitation) in detail. Based on these mechanisms, the design and synthesis of inorganic nanosonosensitizers can be divided into three categories: traditional inorganic semiconductor sonosensitizers, enhanced inorganic semiconductor sonosensitizers, and cavitation-enhanced sonosensitizers. Subsequently, the current efficient construction methods of sonosensitizers are summarized including accelerated semiconductor charge separation and enhanced production of reactive oxygen species through ultrasonic cavitation. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of different inorganic sonosensitizers and detailed strategies are systematically discussed on how to enhance SDT. Hopefully, this review could provide new insights into the design and synthesis of efficient inorganic nano-sonosensitizers for SDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyan He
- School of Materials and Chemistry & Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Jun Du
- School of Materials and Chemistry & Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yuqing Miao
- School of Materials and Chemistry & Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yuhao Li
- School of Materials and Chemistry & Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
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Wang X, Qin S, Zheng G, Wei W, Li F, Luo Y, Tang J, Zhou K. Two-dimensional boron nanosheets for selective enrichment and detection of cis-diol compounds by surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1705:464142. [PMID: 37329652 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SALDI-TOF MS) is an effective method for detecting of low-mass molecules. In this study, two-dimensional boron nanosheets (2DBs) were fabricated through thermal oxidation etching and coupling liquid exfoliation technologies, and applied as a matrix and selective sorbent for detecting cis-diol compounds by SALDI-TOF MS. The outstanding nanostructure and boric acid active sites of 2DBs endow them with sensitivity for cis-diol compound detection, excellent selectivity, and low background interference for complex samples. The specific in-situ enrichment faculty of the 2DBs as a matrix was investigated by SALDI-TOF MS using glucose, arabinose, and lactose as model analytes. In the presence of 100 -fold more interfering substances, the 2DBs showed high selectivity against cis-diol compounds, and exhibited a better sensitivity and a reduced limit of detection through enrichment treatment than graphene oxide matrices. The linearity, limit of detection (LOD), reproducibility, and accuracy of the method were evaluated under optimized conditions. The results showed that the linear relationships of six saccharides remained in the range of 0.05-0.6 mM with a correlation coefficient r ≥0.98. The LODs of six saccharides were 1 nM (glucose, lactose, mannose, fructose) and 10 nM (galactose, arabinose). Sample-to-sample (n = 6) with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 3.2% to 8.1% were observed. Recoveries (n = 5) of 87.9-104.6% were obtained at three spiked levels in the milk samples. The proposed strategy promoted the development of a matrix for use with SALDI-TOF MS detection, in which the UV absorption properties and enrichment capabilities of 2DBs were combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wang
- Analytical and Testing Center, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - ShiJiang Qin
- Analytical and Testing Center, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Guocan Zheng
- Analytical and Testing Center, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Weili Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Fang Li
- Analytical and Testing Center, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yao Luo
- Analytical and Testing Center, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - JinJing Tang
- Analytical and Testing Center, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Analytical and Testing Center, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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7
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Sun R, Chen J, Zhang W, Huang Y, Zheng J, Chi Y. Facile Synthesis of Oxidized Boron Nanosheets for Chemo- and Biosensing. Anal Chem 2023. [PMID: 37471238 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
As recently emerging nanomaterials, boron nanosheets (BNSs) have attracted more and more attention in various fields such as supercapacitors, photodetectors, bioimaging, and electrocatalysis due to their advantages of good biological compatibility, environmental friendliness, and good electro-optical properties. However, the study and application of BNSs in chemical and biological sensing are still in the infant stage, mainly due to the requirement of complicated, high-cost, and time-consuming preparation strategies. In this work, a new class of BNSs, namely oxidized-BNSs (i.e., ox-BNSs), were easily and rapidly synthesized by chemically treating boron powder with diluted HNO3 in a very short time (less than 15 min). The composition, morphology, optical property, and peroxidase mimetic activity of obtained ox-BNSs were investigated in detail. The prepared ox-BNSs were several-layered nanosheets with abundant oxygen-containing groups, emitted blue fluorescence, and possessed good intrinsic peroxidase mimetic activity, based on which a sensitive and selective colorimetric sensor was developed for detection of H2O2 and glucose. The new easy preparation strategy and good sensing performances of the prepared ox-BNSs would greatly stimulate the study and application of BNSs in chemo- and biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Jie Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Yun Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Jingcheng Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Yuwu Chi
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
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Yang M, Jin H, Gui R. Ag +-doped boron quantum dots with enhanced stability and fluorescence enabling versatile practicality in visual detection, sensing, imaging and photocatalytic degradation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 639:49-58. [PMID: 36804792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a metal-doping strategy was put forward to construct metal-doped borophene and the corresponding zero-dimensional boron. Through theoretical calculations, Ag+ acts as the optimal metal ions to prepare Ag+-doped borophene derived boron quantum dots (Ag-BQDs). As predicted theoretically, doping of Ag+ endows borophene with enhanced stability of electronic structures. The newly emerging Ag-BQDs were experimentally acquired from ultrasonic-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation of bulk boron and solvothermal treatments. According to theoretical and experimental studies, the improved stability and fluorescence (FL) of Ag-BQDs are due to the formation of strong B-Ag bonding to competitively suppress B-O bonding. The function enables the maximal protection of borophene electronic structures from oxidization, destruction and reconfiguration. Because of Ag-BQDs with relatively higher colloidal and FL stability over BQDs, potential applications of Ag-BQDs were further explored in promising fields toward FL visualization in aqueous solutions and on filter paper, employed as a chemosensor of Fe3+ for FL sensing and visual detection at the solid/liquid phases, utilized for multiple FL bio-imaging at the levels of fresh plants, live animals and live cells of fresh plants, and applied to photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes and anticancer drug. Experimental results demonstrate excellent performances of Ag-BQDs in multiple applications, including versatile FL sensing and visual detection, unique multi-channel FL bio-imaging and visible-light-driven photodegradation of organic pollutants, toxic and harmful substances. This work can promote the development of metal-ion-doped low- dimensional nanomaterials with improved stability and FL properties for significant applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Intellectual Property Research Institute, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Hui Jin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Intellectual Property Research Institute, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Rijun Gui
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Intellectual Property Research Institute, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, PR China.
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9
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Zi Y, Hu Y, Pu J, Wang M, Huang W. Recent Progress in Interface Engineering of Nanostructures for Photoelectrochemical Energy Harvesting Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2208274. [PMID: 36776020 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202208274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
With rapid and continuous consumption of nonrenewable energy, solar energy can be utilized to meet the energy requirement and mitigate environmental issues in the future. To attain a sustainable society with an energy mix predominately dependent on solar energy, photoelectrochemical (PEC) device, in which semiconductor nanostructure-based photocatalysts play important roles, is considered to be one of the most promising candidates to realize the sufficient utilization of solar energy in a low-cost, green, and environmentally friendly manner. Interface engineering of semiconductor nanostructures has been qualified in the efficient improvement of PEC performances including three basic steps, i.e., light absorption, charge transfer/separation, and surface catalytic reaction. In this review, recently developed interface engineering of semiconductor nanostructures for direct and high-efficiency conversion of sunlight into available forms (e.g., chemical fuels and electric power) are summarized in terms of their atomic constitution and morphology, electronic structure and promising potential for PEC applications. Extensive efforts toward the development of high-performance PEC applications (e.g., PEC water splitting, PEC photodetection, PEC catalysis, PEC degradation and PEC biosensors) are also presented and appraised. Last but not least, a brief summary and personal insights on the challenges and future directions in the community of next-generation PEC devices are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China
| | - Yi Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China
| | - Junmei Pu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China
| | - Mengke Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China
| | - Weichun Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China
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10
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Liu J, He L, Zhao S, Li S, Hu L, Tian J, Ding J, Zhang Z, Du M. Plasma-Assisted Defect Engineering on p-n Heterojunction for High-Efficiency Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205786. [PMID: 36683249 PMCID: PMC10015844 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A defect-rich 2D p-n heterojunction, Cox Ni3- x (HITP)2 /BNSs-P (HITP: 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene), is constructed using a semiconductive metal-organic framework (MOF) and boron nanosheets (BNSs) by in situ solution plasma modification. The heterojunction is an effective catalyst for the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (eNRR) under ambient conditions. Interface engineering and plasma-assisted defects on the p-n Cox Ni3-x (HITP)2 /BNSs-P heterojunction led to the formation of both Co-N3 and B…O dual-active sites. As a result, Cox Ni3-x (HITP)2 /BNSs-P has a high NH3 yield of 128.26 ± 2.27 µg h-1 mgcat. -1 and a Faradaic efficiency of 52.92 ± 1.83% in 0.1 m HCl solution. The catalytic mechanism for the eNRR is also studied by in situ FTIR spectra and DFT calculations. A Cox Ni3- x (HITP)2 /BNSs-P-based Zn-N2 battery achieved an unprecedented power output with a peak power density of 5.40 mW cm-2 and an energy density of 240 mA h gzn -1 in 0.1 m HCl. This study establishes an efficient strategy for the rational design, using defect and interfacial engineering, of advanced eNRR catalysts for ammonia synthesis under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiameng Liu
- College of Material and Chemical EngineeringInstitute of New Energy Science and TechnologySchool of Future Hydrogen Energy TechnologyZhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Linghao He
- College of Material and Chemical EngineeringInstitute of New Energy Science and TechnologySchool of Future Hydrogen Energy TechnologyZhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Shuangrun Zhao
- College of Material and Chemical EngineeringInstitute of New Energy Science and TechnologySchool of Future Hydrogen Energy TechnologyZhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Sizhuan Li
- College of Material and Chemical EngineeringInstitute of New Energy Science and TechnologySchool of Future Hydrogen Energy TechnologyZhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Lijun Hu
- College of Material and Chemical EngineeringInstitute of New Energy Science and TechnologySchool of Future Hydrogen Energy TechnologyZhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Jia‐Yue Tian
- College of Material and Chemical EngineeringInstitute of New Energy Science and TechnologySchool of Future Hydrogen Energy TechnologyZhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Junwei Ding
- College of Material and Chemical EngineeringInstitute of New Energy Science and TechnologySchool of Future Hydrogen Energy TechnologyZhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- College of Material and Chemical EngineeringInstitute of New Energy Science and TechnologySchool of Future Hydrogen Energy TechnologyZhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Miao Du
- College of Material and Chemical EngineeringInstitute of New Energy Science and TechnologySchool of Future Hydrogen Energy TechnologyZhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450001P. R. China
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11
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Yang M, Jin H, Gui R. Metal-Doped Boron Quantum Dots for Versatile Detection of Lactate and Fluorescence Bioimaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:56986-56997. [PMID: 36519898 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To improve the stability and fluorescence (FL) of monoelemental boron nanomaterials, this work put forward a metal-coordination strategy to explore emerging metal-doped boron quantum dots, Co@BQDs. Through theoretical calculations, B-Co bonding as predicted can suppress the B-O reaction and protect the electronic structures of exfoliated two-dimensional (2D) boron from oxidation and decomposition upon exposure to oxygen. In experimental studies, Co2+ was added into a dispersion liquid of bulk boron and subjected to probe sonication to promote Co2+ adsorption on the surface of exfoliated 2D boron, followed by Co2+ coordination with exposed boron atoms. Solvothermal treatment of exfoliated 2D boron resulted in the generation of Co2+-doped 0D boron Co@BQDs. Experimental results confirm that Co@BQDs have higher colloidal and FL stability than BQDs as a reference. B-Co bonding formation to suppress the B-O reaction ensures the high stability of exfoliated boron structures. A dispersion liquid of Co@BQDs with stable and bright FL was used for visual FL imaging of solutions and solid substrates. Based on enzymatic and cascade oxidation-induced FL quenching of Co@BQDs, a novel FL bio-probe of lactate was explored. This bio-probe, with a broad detection range of 0.01-10 mM and a low detection limit of 3.1 μM, enables FL sensing of lactate in biosamples and shows high detection recoveries of 98.0-102.8%. Moreover, this bio-probe realized versatile FL imaging and visual detection of lactate in liquid/solid-phase systems. These results demonstrate great prospects of Co@BQDs as emerging and efficient imaging reagents for long-term tracking and bioimaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Intellectual Property Research Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Hui Jin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Intellectual Property Research Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Rijun Gui
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Intellectual Property Research Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
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Lv J, Qi Y, Tian Y, Wang G, Shi L, Ning G, Ye J. Functionalized boron nanosheets with near-infrared-triggered photothermal and nitric oxide release activities for efficient antibacterial treatment and wound healing promotion. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:3747-3756. [PMID: 35726622 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00519k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The spread of bacterial resistance is a rising serious threat to global public health, and has created an urgent need for the development of a new generation of antibacterial nano-agents to take the place of antibiotics. In this work, a multifunctional nanoplatform based on boron nanosheet (B NS)-coated quaternized chitosan (QCS) and the nitric oxide (NO) donor N,N'-di-sec-butyl-N,N'-dinitroso-1,4-phenylenediamine (BNN6) (B-QCS-BNN6) was prepared via a liquid-phase exfoliation and electrostatic adsorption method. The 2D B NSs could convert near-infrared (NIR) light into heat energy as well as assemble positively charged QCS and BNN6 to trap negatively charged bacteria, and the positive charge made it easily captured by bacteria, increasing the opportunities for NO diffusion to the bacterial surface. The B-QCS-BNN6 nanoplatform not only exhibited photothermal therapy (PTT) efficacy but could also control NO release precisely after stimulation with an 808 nm laser for the rapid and effective treatment of typical Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The enhanced PTT/NO antibacterial function achieved >99.9% inactivation of bacteria within 5 min. Furthermore, this synergetic antibacterial strategy could also be conveniently employed for highly efficient disinfection of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infected wound and promotion of the reconstruction of damaged tissues for in vivo MRSA-infected wound therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Ye Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Yiming Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Guangyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Guiling Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China. .,Engineering Laboratory of Boric and Magnesic Functional Material Preparative and Applied Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Junwei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China. .,Engineering Laboratory of Boric and Magnesic Functional Material Preparative and Applied Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
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Yang M, Jin H, Sun Z, Gui R. Monoelemental two-dimensional boron nanomaterials beyond theoretical simulations: From experimental preparation, functionalized modification to practical applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 304:102669. [PMID: 35429719 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
During the past decade, there is an explosive growth of theoretical and computational studies on 2D boron-based nanomaterials. In terms of extensive predictions from theoretical simulations, borophene, boron nanosheets and 2D boron derivatives show excellent structural, electronic, photonic and nonlinear optical characteristics, and potential applications in a wide range of fields. In recent years, previous studies have reported the successful experimental preparations, superior properties, multi-functionalized modifications of various 2D boron and its derivatives, which show many practical applications in significant fields. To further promote the ever-increasing experimental studies, this present review systematically summarizes recent progress on experimental preparation methods, functionalized modification strategies and practical applications of 2D boron-based nanomaterials and multifunctional derivatives. Firstly, this review summarizes the experimental preparation methods, including molecular beam epitaxy, chemical vapor deposition, liquid-phase exfoliation, chemical reaction, and other auxiliary methods. Then, various strategies for functionalized modification are introduced overall, focusing on borophene derivatives, boron-based nanosheets, atom-introduced, chemically-functionalized borophene and boron nanosheets, borophene or boron nanosheet-based heterostructures, and other functionalized 2D boron nanomaterials. Subsequently, various potential applications are discussed in detail, involving energy storage, catalysis conversion, photonics, optoelectronics, sensors, bio-imaging, biomedicine therapy, and adsorption. We comment the state-of-the-art related studies concisely, and also discuss the current status, probable challenges and perspectives rationally. This review is timely, comprehensive, in-depth and highly attractive for scientists from multiple disciplines and scientific fields, and can facilitate further development of advanced functional low-dimensional nanomaterials and multi-functionalized systems toward high-performance practical applications in significant fields.
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Cai C, Xiong F, Dong M, Tao Y, Xiong J, Song C, Chao J, Li P, Huang X, Li S. Scalable synthesis of hydroxyl-functionalized boron nanosheets for high ion-conductive solid-state electrolyte applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5586-5589. [PMID: 35438117 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00690a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A hydroxyl-functionalized boron nanosheet is developed as the filler material for the solid-state electrolyte (SSE) of lithium batteries. The nanosheet exhibits good oxidation resistance and thermal stability. Its composite SSE shows high ionic conductivity, and the resulting batteries present much enhanced capacities, rate capability and cycling performance, proving the electrochemical advances of the boron nanosheet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Cai
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Fei Xiong
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Mengwei Dong
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yaquan Tao
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Jinxin Xiong
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Chunyuan Song
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Chao
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Pan Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Shaozhou Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
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Yadav S, Sadique MA, Kaushik A, Ranjan P, Khan R, Srivastava AK. Borophene as an emerging 2D flatland for biomedical applications: current challenges and future prospects. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:1146-1175. [PMID: 35107476 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02277f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recently, two-dimensional (2D)-borophene has emerged as a remarkable translational nanomaterial substituting its predecessors in the field of biomedical sensors, diagnostic tools, high-performance healthcare devices, super-capacitors, and energy storage devices. Borophene justifies its demand due to high-performance and controlled optical, electrical, mechanical, thermal, and magnetic properties as compared with other 2D-nanomaterials. However, continuous efforts are being made to translate theoretical and experimental knowledge into pragmatic platforms. To cover the associated knowledge gap, this review explores the computational and experimental chemistry needed to optimize borophene with desired properties. High electrical conductivity due to destabilization of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), nano-engineering at the monolayer level, chemistry-oriented biocompatibility, and photo-induced features project borophene for biosensing, bioimaging, cancer treatment, and theragnostic applications. Besides, the polymorphs of borophene have been useful to develop specific bonding for DNA sequencing and high-performance medical equipment. In this review, an overall critical and careful discussion of systematic advancements in borophene-based futuristic biomedical applications including artificial intelligence (AI), Internet-of-Things (IoT), and Internet-of-Medical Things (IoMT) assisted smart devices in healthcare to develop high-performance biomedical systems along with challenges and prospects is extensively addressed. Consequently, this review will serve as a key supportive platform as it explores borophene for next-generation biomedical applications. Finally, we have proposed the potential use of borophene in healthcare management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalu Yadav
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal - 462026, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Mohd Abubakar Sadique
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal - 462026, India.
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Health Systems Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, Florida 33805, USA
| | - Pushpesh Ranjan
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal - 462026, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Raju Khan
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal - 462026, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Avanish K Srivastava
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal - 462026, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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Cabral TLG, de Miranda LTS, de Melo Rodrigues DC, de Souza FAL, Scopel WL, Amorim RG. C-doping anisotropy effects on borophene electronic transport. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 34:095502. [PMID: 34823236 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac3d54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The electronic transport anisotropy for different C-doped borophene polymorphs (β12andχ3) was investigated theoretically combining density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green's function. The energetic stability analysis reveals that B atoms replaced by C is more energetically favorable forχ3phase. We also verify a directional character of the electronic band structure on C-doped borophene for both phases. Simulated scanning tunneling microscopy and also total density of charge confirm the directional character of the bonds. The zero bias transmission forβ12phase atE-EF= 0 shows that C-doping induces a local current confinement along the lines of doped sites. TheI-Vcurves show that C-doping leads to an anisotropy amplification in theβ12than in theχ3. The possibility of confining the electronic current at an specific region of the C-doped systems, along with the different adsorption features of the doped sites, poses them as promising candidates to highly sensitive and selective gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fábio A L de Souza
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Espírito Santo, Ibatiba/ES, Brazil
| | - Wanderlã L Scopel
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo-UFES, Vitória/ES, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo G Amorim
- Departamento de Física, ICEx, Universidade Federal Fluminense-UFF, Volta Redonda/RJ, Brazil
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Applications of two-dimensional layered nanomaterials in photoelectrochemical sensors: A comprehensive review. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Ma C, Yin P, Khan K, Tareen AK, Huang R, Du J, Zhang Y, Shi Z, Cao R, Wei S, Wang X, Ge Y, Song Y, Gao L. Broadband Nonlinear Photonics in Few-Layer Borophene. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2006891. [PMID: 33502109 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202006891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, 2D borophene is synthesized through a liquid-phase exfoliation. The morphology and structure of as-prepared borophene are systemically analyzed, and the Z-scan is used to measure the nonlinear optical properties. It is found that the saturable absorber (SA) properties of borophene make it serve as an excellent broadband optical switch, which is strongly used for mode-locking in near- and mid-infrared laser systems. Ultrastable pulses with durations as short as 792 and 693 fs are successfully delivered at the central wavelengths of 1063 and 1560 nm, respectively. Furthermore, stable pulses at a wavelength of 1878 nm are demonstrated from a thulium mode-locked fiber laser based on the same borophene SA. This research reveals a significant potential for borophene used in lasers helping extending the frontiers of photonic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Ma
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Peng Yin
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Karim Khan
- School of Electrical Engineering & Intelligentization, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Ayesha Khan Tareen
- School of Electrical Engineering & Intelligentization, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Rui Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, Guangdong, 521041, P. R. China
| | - Juan Du
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, P. R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Shi
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Rui Cao
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Songrui Wei
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
- School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Yanqi Ge
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Song
- Intelligent Internet of Things and Intelligent Manufacturing Center, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Lingfeng Gao
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
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