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Nain A, Chakraborty S, Jain N, Choudhury S, Chattopadhyay S, Chatterjee K, Debnath S. 4D hydrogels: fabrication strategies, stimulation mechanisms, and biomedical applications. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:3249-3272. [PMID: 38742277 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm02044d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Shape-morphing hydrogels have emerged as a promising biomaterial due to their ability to mimic the anisotropic tissue composition by creating a gradient in local swelling behavior. In this case, shape deformations occur due to the non-uniform distribution of internal stresses, asymmetrical swelling, and shrinking of different parts of the same hydrogel. Herein, we discuss the four-dimensional (4D) fabrication techniques (extrusion-based printing, dynamic light processing, and solvent casting) employed to prepare shape-shifting hydrogels. The important distinction between mono- and dual-component hydrogel systems, the capabilities of 3D constructs to undergo uni- and bi-directional shape changes, and the advantages of composite hydrogels compared to their pristine counterparts are presented. Subsequently, various types of actuators such as moisture, light, temperature, pH, and magnetic field and their role in achieving the desired and pre-determined shapes are discussed. These 4D gels have shown remarkable potential as programmable scaffolds for tissue regeneration and drug-delivery systems. Finally, we present futuristic insights into integrating piezoelectric biopolymers and sensors to harvest mechanical energy from motions during shape transformations to develop self-powered biodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Nain
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
| | - Srishti Chakraborty
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
| | - Nipun Jain
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
| | - Saswat Choudhury
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Suravi Chattopadhyay
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
| | - Kaushik Chatterjee
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Souvik Debnath
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India.
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2
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Xu GC, Nie Y, Li HN, Li WL, Lin WT, Xue YR, Li K, Fang Y, Liang HQ, Yang HC, Zhan H, Zhang C, Lü C, Xu ZK. Supergravity-Steered Generic Manufacturing of Nanosheets-Embedded Nanocomposite Hydrogel with Highly Oriented, Heterogeneous Architecture. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2400075. [PMID: 38597782 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Designing nanocomposite hydrogels with oriented nanosheets has emerged as a promising toolkit to achieve preferential performances that go beyond their disordered counterparts. Although current fabrication strategies via electric/magnetic force fields have made remarkable achievements, they necessitate special properties of nanosheets and suffer from an inferior orientation degree of nanosheets. Herein, a facile and universal approach is discovered to elaborate MXene-based nanocomposite hydrogels with highly oriented, heterogeneous architecture by virtue of supergravity to replace conventional force fields. The key to such architecture is to leverage bidirectional, force-tunable attributes of supergravity containing coupled orthogonal shear and centrifugal force field for steering high-efficient movement, pre-orientation, and stacking of MXene nanosheets in the bottom. Such a synergetic effect allows for yielding heterogeneous nanocomposite hydrogels with a high-orientation MXene-rich layer (orientation degree, f = 0.83) and a polymer-rich layer. The authors demonstrate that MXene-based nanocomposite hydrogels leverage their high-orientation, heterogeneous architecture to deliver an extraordinary electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of 55.2 dB at 12.4 GHz yet using a super-low MXene of 0.3 wt%, surpassing most hydrogels-based electromagnetic shielding materials. This versatile supergravity-steered strategy can be further extended to arbitrary nanosheets including MoS2, GO, and C3N4, offering a paradigm in the development of oriented nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Chang Xu
- Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province and MOE Engineering Center of Separation Membranes and Water Treatment, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yihan Nie
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hao-Nan Li
- Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province and MOE Engineering Center of Separation Membranes and Water Treatment, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wan-Long Li
- Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province and MOE Engineering Center of Separation Membranes and Water Treatment, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wan-Ting Lin
- Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province and MOE Engineering Center of Separation Membranes and Water Treatment, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yu-Ren Xue
- Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province and MOE Engineering Center of Separation Membranes and Water Treatment, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kai Li
- Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province and MOE Engineering Center of Separation Membranes and Water Treatment, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province and MOE Engineering Center of Separation Membranes and Water Treatment, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hong-Qing Liang
- Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province and MOE Engineering Center of Separation Membranes and Water Treatment, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hao-Cheng Yang
- Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province and MOE Engineering Center of Separation Membranes and Water Treatment, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haifei Zhan
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - Chao Zhang
- Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province and MOE Engineering Center of Separation Membranes and Water Treatment, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chaofeng Lü
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Zhi-Kang Xu
- Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province and MOE Engineering Center of Separation Membranes and Water Treatment, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Wu P, Zhou H, Gao Y, Chen Y, Wang K, Wei C, Zhang H, Jin X, Ma A, Chen W, Liu H. Double layered asymmetrical hydrogels enhanced by thermosensitive microgels for high-performance mechanosensors and actuators. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 662:976-985. [PMID: 38382380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Thermosensitive hydrogels have found extensive applications in soft devices, but they often suffer from limited functionalities, low response rate and small response amplitude. In this work, double layered asymmetrical hydrogels composed of a thermosensitive layer and a non-thermosensitive layer are developed to simultaneously achieve high-performance mechanosensing and actuating properties in a single hydrogel. In thermosensitive layer, thermosensitive microgels are introduced to construct hierarchical structure, which accounts for the enhanced thermosensitive behaviors by cooperative responsiveness. In non-thermosensitive layer, poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (P(AM-co-AA)) hydrogel is constructed. KCl is introduced as conductive component. Mechanosensors for monitoring various mechanical stimuli in daily life have been fabricated utilizing such hydrogels and high gauge factors (GF) have been achieved, 0.38 for resistive strain sensors, 9.40 kPa-1 for piezoresistive pressure sensors and 3.92 kPa-1 for capacitive pressure sensors. Because of the asymmetrical structure, such hydrogels also exhibit outstanding actuating properties with a fast response rate of 863°/min and a bending amplitude about 360°. Interestingly, grasping-releasing of target objects utilizing an octopus-shaped hydrogel actuator and temperature alerting based on hydrogel actuator are also demonstrated. Overall, the double layered asymmetrical ionic hydrogels have provided a new clue to construct hydrogel devices with multiple functionalities and enhanced response properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Yang Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yuru Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Kexuan Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Chuanjuan Wei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Hongli Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xilang Jin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Aijie Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Weixing Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Hanbin Liu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, College of Bioresource Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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Wu L, Huang X, Wang M, Chen J, Chang J, Zhang H, Zhang X, Conn A, Rossiter J, Birchall M, Song W. Tunable Light-Responsive Polyurethane-urea Elastomer Driven by Photochemical and Photothermal Coupling Mechanism. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:19480-19495. [PMID: 38581369 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Light-driven soft actuators based on photoresponsive materials can be used to mimic biological motion, such as hand movements, without involving rigid or bulky electromechanical actuations. However, to our knowledge, no robust photoresponsive material with desireable mechanical and biological properties and relatively simple manufacture exists for robotics and biomedical applications. Herein, we report a new visible-light-responsive thermoplastic elastomer synthesized by introducing photoswitchable moieties (i.e., azobenzene derivatives) into the main chain of poly(ε-caprolactone) based polyurethane urea (PAzo). A PAzo elastomer exhibits controllable light-driven stiffness softening due to its unique nanophase structure in response to light, while possessing excellent hyperelasticity (stretchability of 575.2%, elastic modulus of 17.6 MPa, and strength of 44.0 MPa). A bilayer actuator consisting of PAzo and polyimide films is developed, demonstrating tunable bending modes by varying incident light intensities. Actuation mechanism via photothermal and photochemical coupling effects of a soft-hard nanophase is demonstrated through both experimental and theoretical analyses. We demonstrate an exemplar application of visible-light-controlled soft "fingers" playing a piano on a smartphone. The robustness of the PAzo elastomer and its scalability, in addition to its excellent biocompatibility, opens the door to the development of reproducible light-driven wearable/implantable actuators and lightweight soft robots for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Centre of Biomaterials for in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Xia Huang
- Centre of Biomaterials for in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Meng Wang
- Centre of Biomaterials for in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Jishizhan Chen
- Centre of Biomaterials for in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Jinke Chang
- Centre of Biomaterials for in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Xuetong Zhang
- Centre of Biomaterials for in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Andrew Conn
- Dept of Engineering Mathematics and Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Rossiter
- Dept of Engineering Mathematics and Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Birchall
- UCL Ear Institute, Royal National Ear Nose and Throat and Eastman Dental Hospitals (UCLH NHS Foundation Trust), University College London, London WC1X 8EE, United Kingdom
| | - Wenhui Song
- Centre of Biomaterials for in Surgical Reconstruction and Regeneration, Department of Surgical Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
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Yao X, Chen H, Qin H, Cong HP. Nanocomposite Hydrogel Actuators with Ordered Structures: From Nanoscale Control to Macroscale Deformations. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300414. [PMID: 37365950 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Flexible intelligent actuators with the characteristics of flexibility, safety and scalability, are highly promising in industrial production, biomedical fields, environmental monitoring, and soft robots. Nanocomposite hydrogels are attractive candidates for soft actuators due to their high pliability, intelligent responsiveness, and capability to execute large-scale rapid reversible deformations under external stimuli. Here, the recent advances of nanocomposite hydrogels as soft actuators are reviewed and focus is on the construction of elaborate and programmable structures by the assembly of nano-objects in the hydrogel matrix. With the help of inducing the gradient or oriented distributions of the nanounits during the gelation process by the external forces or molecular interactions, nanocomposite hydrogels with ordered structures are achieved, which can perform bending, spiraling, patterned deformations, and biomimetic complex shape changes. Given great advantages of these intricate yet programmable shape-morphing, nanocomposite hydrogel actuators have presented high potentials in the fields of moving robots, energy collectors, and biomedicines. In the end, the challenges and future perspectives of this emerging field of nanocomposite hydrogel actuators are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Haili Qin
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Huai-Ping Cong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
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Xu Y, Zhang X, Song Z, Chen X, Huang Y, Wang J, Li B, Huang S, Li Q. In situ Light-Writable Orientation Control in Liquid Crystal Elastomer Film Enabled by Chalcones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319698. [PMID: 38190301 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are stimulus-responsive materials with intrinsic anisotropy. However, it is still challenging to in situ program the mesogen alignment to realize three-dimensional (3D) deformations with high-resolution patterned structures. This work presents a feasible strategy to program the anisotropy of LCEs by using chalcone mesogens that can undergo a photoinduced cycloaddition reaction under linear polarized light. It is shown that by controlling the polarization director and the irradiation region, patterned alignment distribution in a freestanding LCE film can be created, which leads to complex and reversible 3D shape-morphing behaviors. The work demonstrates an in situ light-writing method to achieve sophisticated topography changes in LCEs, which has potential applications in encryption, sensors, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Xu
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Xinfang Zhang
- Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH-44242, USA
| | - Zhenpeng Song
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yinliang Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Bingxiang Li
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Quan Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
- Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH-44242, USA
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Iravani S, Varma RS. MXenes for Bioinspired Soft Actuators: Advancements in Angle-Independent Structural Colors and Beyond. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:142. [PMID: 38436795 PMCID: PMC10912076 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01367-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Soft actuators have garnered substantial attention in current years in view of their potential appliances in diverse domains like robotics, biomedical devices, and biomimetic systems. These actuators mimic the natural movements of living organisms, aiming to attain enhanced flexibility, adaptability, and versatility. On the other hand, angle-independent structural color has been achieved through innovative design strategies and engineering approaches. By carefully controlling the size, shape, and arrangement of nanostructures, researchers have been able to create materials exhibiting consistent colors regardless of the viewing angle. One promising class of materials that holds great potential for bioinspired soft actuators is MXenes in view of their exceptional mechanical, electrical, and optical properties. The integration of MXenes for bioinspired soft actuators with angle-independent structural color offers exciting possibilities. Overcoming material compatibility issues, improving color reproducibility, scalability, durability, power supply efficiency, and cost-effectiveness will play vital roles in advancing these technologies. This perspective appraises the development of bioinspired MXene-centered soft actuators with angle-independent structural color in soft robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Iravani
- Independent Researcher, W Nazar ST, Boostan Ave, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
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8
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Pinchin NP, Guo H, Meteling H, Deng Z, Priimagi A, Shahsavan H. Liquid Crystal Networks Meet Water: It's Complicated! ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2303740. [PMID: 37392137 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Soft robots are composed of compliant materials that facilitate high degrees of freedom, shape-change adaptability, and safer interaction with humans. An attractive choice of material for soft robotics is crosslinked networks of liquid crystal polymers (LCNs), as they are responsive to a wide variety of external stimuli and capable of undergoing fast, programmable, complex shape morphing, which allows for their use in a wide range of soft robotic applications. However, unlike hydrogels, another popular material in soft robotics, LCNs have limited applicability in flooded or aquatic environments. This can be attributed not only to the poor efficiency of common LCN actuation methods underwater but also to the complicated relationship between LCNs and water. In this review, the relationship between water and LCNs is elaborated and the existing body of literature is surveyed where LCNs, both hygroscopic and non-hygroscopic, are utilized in aquatic soft robotic applications. Then the challenges LCNs face in widespread adaptation to aquatic soft robotic applications are discussed and, finally, possible paths forward for their successful use in aquatic environments are envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie P Pinchin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hongshuang Guo
- Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, Tampere, FI-33101, Finland
| | - Henning Meteling
- Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, Tampere, FI-33101, Finland
| | - Zixuan Deng
- Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, Tampere, FI-33101, Finland
| | - Arri Priimagi
- Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, Tampere, FI-33101, Finland
| | - Hamed Shahsavan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
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Wang Y, Ba X, Zhang B, Wang Y, Wu Y, Zhang H. Halloysite nanotubes as nano-support matrix for programming the photo/H 2O dual triggered reversible gel actuator. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 657:344-351. [PMID: 38043236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.11.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Gel actuators are a kind of soft intelligent material that can convert external stimuli into deformations to generate mechanical responses. The development of gel actuators with advanced structures to integrate multiple responsiveness, programmability, and fast deformation ability is urgently needed. Here, we explored a poly(7-(2-methacryloyloxyethoxy)-4-methylcoumarin-co-acrylic acid-co-glycol) ternary gel network as an actuator with reprogrammable photo/H2O dual responsibilities. In such a design, [2 + 2] photodimerization and photocleavage reactions of coumarin moieties can be realized under 365 and 254 nm light irradiation, respectively, affording reversible photodriven behaviour of the gels. The abundant carboxylic acid in the backbone has the capacity to form additional crosslinks to assist and accelerate the photodriven behaviour. The incorporation and orientation of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) in gel matrices support an axial direction force and result in a more controllable and programmable actuating behaviour. The synergistic response enables fast grasping-releasing of 5-times the weight of the object in water within 10 min by fabricating HNT-incorporated gels as a four-arm gripper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Hebei University, 180 Wusi Road, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xinwu Ba
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Hebei University, 180 Wusi Road, Baoding 071002, China; Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Hebei University, 180 Wusi Road, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Hebei University, 180 Wusi Road, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yonggang Wu
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Hebei University, 180 Wusi Road, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Hailei Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Hebei University, 180 Wusi Road, Baoding 071002, China; Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Gent 9000, Belgium.
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10
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Li T, Qi H, Zhao Y, Kumar P, Zhao C, Li Z, Dong X, Guo X, Zhao M, Li X, Wang X, Ritchie RO, Zhai W. Robust and sensitive conductive nanocomposite hydrogel with bridge cross-linking-dominated hierarchical structural design. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk6643. [PMID: 38306426 PMCID: PMC10836727 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk6643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels have a remarkable potential for applications in soft electronics and robotics, owing to their noteworthy attributes, including electrical conductivity, stretchability, biocompatibility, etc. However, the limited strength and toughness of these hydrogels have traditionally impeded their practical implementation. Inspired by the hierarchical architecture of high-performance biological composites found in nature, we successfully fabricate a robust and sensitive conductive nanocomposite hydrogel through self-assembly-induced bridge cross-linking of MgB2 nanosheets and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels. By combining the hierarchical lamellar microstructure with robust molecular B─O─C covalent bonds, the resulting conductive hydrogel exhibits an exceptional strength and toughness. Moreover, the hydrogel demonstrates exceptional sensitivity (response/relaxation time, 20 milliseconds; detection lower limit, ~1 Pascal) under external deformation. Such characteristics enable the conductive hydrogel to exhibit superior performance in soft sensing applications. This study introduces a high-performance conductive hydrogel and opens up exciting possibilities for the development of soft electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Haobo Qi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Yijing Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Punit Kumar
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Cancan Zhao
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zhenming Li
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xinyu Dong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Xiao Guo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Miao Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Xinwei Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Robert O Ritchie
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
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11
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Li Z, Ai J, Wu D, Yu Y, Xie L, Ke H, Wang Q, Zhang K, Lv P, Wei Q. Robust integration of light-driven carbon quantum dots with bacterial cellulose enables excellent mechanical and antibacterial biodegradable yarn. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128741. [PMID: 38101674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to the overuse of antimicrobial drugs, bacterial resistance became an urgent problem to be solved. In this study, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with high photodynamic antibacterial activity were synthesized by a one-pot hydrothermal method and introduced into bacterial cellulose (BC) dispersion solution. Through a wet-spinning and wet-twisting processing strategy, bionic ordering nanocomposite macrofiber (BC/CQDs-based yarn) based on BC were obtained. The results showed that BC/CQDs-based yarn had excellent tensile strength (226.8 MPa) and elongation (22.2 %). Utilizing the light-driven generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) and hydroxyl radical (·OH), BC/CQDs-based yarn demonstrated remarkable antibacterial efficacy, with 99.9999 % (6 log, P < 0.0001) and 96.54 % (1.46 log, P < 0.0004) effectiveness against E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. At the same time, BC/CQDs-based yarn also displayed the characteristics of photothermal, fluorescent, and biodegradability. In summary, the application potential of BC/CQDs-based yarn is significant, opening up a new strategy for the development of sustainable green weaving and bio-based multi-function yarn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuquan Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jingwen Ai
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Dingsheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yajing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lixi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Huizhen Ke
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Textile Fibers and Materials, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Pengfei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Qufu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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12
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Sikdar A, Héraly F, Zhang H, Hall S, Pang K, Zhang M, Yuan J. Hierarchically Porous 3D Freestanding Holey-MXene Framework via Mild Oxidation of Self-Assembled MXene Hydrogel for Ultrafast Pseudocapacitive Energy Storage. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3707-3719. [PMID: 38230678 PMCID: PMC10832346 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The true promise of MXene as a practical supercapacitor electrode hinges on the simultaneous advancement of its three-dimensional (3D) assembly and the engineering of its nanoscopic architecture, two critical factors for facilitating mass transport and enhancing an electrode's charge-storage performance. Herein, we present a straightforward strategy to engineer robust 3D freestanding MXene (Ti3C2Tx) hydrogels with hierarchically porous structures. The tetraamminezinc(II) complex cation ([Zn(NH3)4]2+) is selected to electrostatically assemble colloidal MXene nanosheets into a 3D interconnected hydrogel framework, followed by a mild oxidative acid-etching process to create nanoholes on the MXene surface. These hierarchically porous, conductive holey-MXene frameworks facilitate 3D transport of both electrons and electrolyte ions to deliver an excellent specific capacitance of 359.2 F g-1 at 10 mV s-1 and superb capacitance retention of 79% at 5000 mV s-1, representing a 42.2% and 15.3% improvement over pristine MXene hydrogel, respectively. Even at a commercial-standard mass loading of 10.1 mg cm-2, it maintains an impressive capacitance retention of 52% at 1000 mV s-1. This rational design of an electrode by engineering nanoholes on MXene nanosheets within a 3D porous framework dictates a significant step forward toward the practical use of MXene and other 2D materials in electrochemical energy storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Sikdar
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frédéric Héraly
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephen Hall
- Division
of Solid Mechanics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Kanglei Pang
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Ma J, Yang Y, Zhang X, Xue P, Valenzuela C, Liu Y, Wang L, Feng W. Mechanochromic and ionic conductive cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers for biomechanical monitoring and human-machine interaction. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:217-226. [PMID: 37901959 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01386c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers (CLCEs) that combine rubbery elasticity with structural colour from self-assembled helical nanostructures are of paramount importance for diverse applications such as biomimetic skins, adaptive optics and soft robotics. Despite great advances, it is challenging to integrate electrical sensing and colour-changing characteristics in a single CLCE system. Here, we report the design and synthesis of an ionic conductive cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer (iCLCE) through in situ Michael addition and free-radical photopolymerization of CLCE precursors on silane-functionalized polymer ionic liquid networks, in which robust covalent chemical bonding was formed at the interface. Thanks to superior mechanochromism and ionic conductivity, the resulting iCLCEs exhibit dynamic colour-changing and electrical sensing functions in a wide range upon mechanical stretching, and can be used for biomechanical monitoring during joint bending. Importantly, a capacitive elastomeric sensor can be constructed through facilely stacking iCLCEs, where the optical and electrical dual-signal reporting performance allows intuitive visual localization of pressure intensity and distribution. Moreover, proof-of-concept application of the iCLCEs has been demonstrated with human-interactive systems. The research disclosed herein can provide new insights into the development of bioinspired somatosensory materials for emerging applications in diverse fields such as human-machine interaction, prostheses and intelligent robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhe Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Yanzhao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Xuan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Pan Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Cristian Valenzuela
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Yuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
- Binhai Industrial Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300452, China
| | - Wei Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
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14
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Yang Y, Meng L, Zhang J, Gao Y, Hao Z, Liu Y, Niu M, Zhang X, Liu X, Liu S. Near-Infrared Light-Driven MXene/Liquid Crystal Elastomer Bimorph Membranes for Closed-Loop Controlled Self-Sensing Bionic Robots. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307862. [PMID: 37985651 PMCID: PMC10787073 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
More recently, soft actuators have evoked great interest in the next generation of soft robots. Despite significant progress, the majority of current soft actuators suffer from the lack of real-time sensory feedback and self-control functions, prohibiting their effective sensing and multitasking functions. Therefore, in this work, a near-infrared-driven bimorph membrane, with self-sensing and feedback loop control functions, is produced by layer by layer (LBL) assembling MXene/PDDA (PM) onto liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) film. The versatile integration strategy successfully prevents the separation issues that arise from moduli mismatch between the sensing and the actuating layers, ultimately resulting in a stable and tightly bonded interface adhesion. As a result, the resultant membrane exhibited excellent mechanical toughness (tensile strengths equal to 16.3 MPa (||)), strong actuation properties (actuation stress equal to 1.56 MPa), and stable self-sensing (gauge factor equal to 4.72) capabilities. When applying the near-infrared (NIR) laser control, the system can perform grasping, traction, and crawling movements. Furthermore, the wing actuation and the closed-loop controlled motion are demonstrated in combination with the insect microcontroller unit (MCU) models. The remote precision control and the self-sensing capabilities of the soft actuator pave a way for complex and precise task modulation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Lingxian Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Juzhong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yadong Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zijuan Hao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Mingjun Niu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xuying Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shuiren Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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15
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Xu H, Liu J, Wei S, Luo J, Gong R, Tian S, Yang Y, Lei Y, Chen X, Wang J, Zhong G, Tang Y, Wang F, Cheng HM, Ding B. A multifunctional optoelectronic device based on 2D material with wide bandgap. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:278. [PMID: 37989728 PMCID: PMC10663625 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01327-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Low-dimensional materials exhibit unique quantum confinement effects and morphologies as a result of their nanoscale size in one or more dimensions, making them exhibit distinctive physical properties compared to bulk counterparts. Among all low-dimensional materials, due to their atomic level thickness, two-dimensional materials possess extremely large shape anisotropy and consequently are speculated to have large optically anisotropic absorption. In this work, we demonstrate an optoelectronic device based on the combination of two-dimensional material and carbon dot with wide bandgap. High-efficient luminescence of carbon dot and extremely large shape anisotropy (>1500) of two-dimensional material with the wide bandgap of >4 eV cooperatively endow the optoelectronic device with multi-functions of optically anisotropic blue-light emission, visible light modulation, wavelength-dependent ultraviolet-light detection as well as blue fluorescent film assemble. This research opens new avenues for constructing multi-function-integrated optoelectronic devices via the combination of nanomaterials with different dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Xu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jingwei Liu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Rui Gong
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Siyuan Tian
- School of Semiconductor Science and Technology, South China Normal University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528225, China
| | - Yiqi Yang
- School of Semiconductor Science and Technology, South China Normal University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528225, China
| | - Yukun Lei
- School of Semiconductor Science and Technology, South China Normal University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528225, China
| | - Xinman Chen
- School of Semiconductor Science and Technology, South China Normal University, Foshan, Guangdong, 528225, China
| | - Jiahong Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory, Yichang, Hubei, 443007, China
| | - Gaokuo Zhong
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Yongbing Tang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
| | - Baofu Ding
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center (SGC), Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI) & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
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16
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Wang X, Xue P, Ma S, Gong Y, Xu X. Polydopamine-Modified MXene-Integrated Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) to Construct Ultrafast Photoresponsive Bilayer Hydrogel Actuators with Smart Adhesion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:49689-49700. [PMID: 37823839 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
In nature, living organisms, such as octopuses, cabrito, and frogs, have already evolved admirable adhesive abilities for better movement and predation in response to the surroundings. Inspired by biological structures, researchers have made enormous efforts in developing actuators that can respond to external stimuli, while such adhesive property is very desired, yet there is still limited research in responsive hydrogel actuators. Here, a bilayer actuator with high stretchability and robust interface bonding is presented, which has a smart adhesion and thermoreception function. The system consists of an adhesive passive layer copolymerized of amphoteric ([2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl), SBMA) and acrylic acid (AA), and an active layer hydrogel composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) containing polydopamine-modified MXene (P-MXene) and calcium chloride (CaCl2). The coordination of carboxylate and Ca2+ at the interface of the two layers enhances the interfacial bonding from 14 to 30 N m-1, which facilitates withstanding large strain and preventing stratification. The resulting hydrogel actuator can bend approximately 360° in a mere 10 s, exhibiting excellent photothermal effect, a large angle bending deformation, and ultrafast photoresponsive ability. As a proof of concept, the photothermal actuators are programmed to present various shapes and grab objects. Importantly, the hydrogel actuator exhibits remarkable adhesion capabilities toward diverse substrates, with a maximum peel force of up to 280 N m-1. Relying on their own adhesion and the photoresponse properties, these flexible adhesion actuators show outstanding gripping capability, enabling them to grip and release objects of different shapes and weights. More interestingly, the hydrogel exhibits a smart adjustable adhesion capability at different temperatures, which enables it as a gripper to recognize temperature signals through real-time different feedback actions based on its own adhesion. This study presents innovative insights into biomimetic hydrogel actuators, providing new opportunities for developing intelligent soft robots with multiple functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Pan Xue
- Xi'an Rare Metal Materials Institute Co. Ltd, 96 Weiyang Road, Xi'an 710016, China
| | - Shaoshuai Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yanan Gong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xinhua Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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17
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Zhang Y, Sun T, Zhang D, Sun S, Liu J, Li B, Zhu W, Shi Z. Study of a Multiple Responses, High Deformation, and Programmable PLA-PPC/PVA-PDA Actuator. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300327. [PMID: 37595144 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
The intelligent response actuators based on bilayer polymer can deform under the stimulation of temperature, humidity, light, and other external environment, which is the focus of research. However, achieving multiple responses, high deformation, and programmability is still one of the challenges for these actuators. Herein, a nondetachable bilayer structure, polylactic acid-polypropylene carbonate/polyvinyl alcohol-polydopamine (PLA-PPC/PVA-PDA) multiresponse programmable actuator is prepared by a simple scraping film method. Using PLA-PPC as the solvent-driven response layer, the effects of length, thickness, shape, and solvent vapor on the deformation of PLA-PPC/PVA-PDA actuators are studied. Among them, the high curvature of the film stimulated by ethyl acetate (EA) solution is 29.85 cm-1 . Using PVA-PDA as the response layer to water molecules and infrared (IR) light, the bilayer film shows excellent curling performance. Moreover, the dynamic processes of human clothing and biomimetic squid under solvent stimulation, the picture rolling motion under water molecule stimulation, the biomimetic flower blooming and merging under the synergistic of water molecules and IR light, and the deformation process of biomimetic mimosa under the competition between water molecules and IR light are simulated, which broadens the road for the development of intelligent driving materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, P. R. China
| | - Dashuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, P. R. China
| | - Shishu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, P. R. China
| | - Jinrui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, P. R. China
| | - Bangsen Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, P. R. China
| | - Wenya Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, P. R. China
| | - Zaifeng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment & Resource Reuse, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, P. R. China
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18
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Nasseri R, Bouzari N, Huang J, Golzar H, Jankhani S, Tang XS, Mekonnen TH, Aghakhani A, Shahsavan H. Programmable nanocomposites of cellulose nanocrystals and zwitterionic hydrogels for soft robotics. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6108. [PMID: 37777525 PMCID: PMC10542366 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41874-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive hydrogels have garnered significant attention as a versatile class of soft actuators. Introducing anisotropic properties, and shape-change programmability to responsive hydrogels promises a host of opportunities in the development of soft robots. Herein we report the synthesis of pH-responsive hydrogel nanocomposites with predetermined microstructural anisotropy, shape-transformation, and self-healing. Our hydrogel nanocomposites are largely composed of zwitterionic monomers and asymmetric cellulose nanocrystals. While the zwitterionic nature of the network imparts both self-healing and cytocompatibility to our hydrogel nanocomposites, the shear-induced alignment of cellulose nanocrystals renders their anisotropic swelling and mechanical properties. Thanks to the self-healing properties, we utilized a cut-and-paste approach to program reversible, and complex deformation into our hydrogels. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrated the transport of light cargo using tethered and untethered soft robots made from our hydrogels. We believe the proposed material system introduce a powerful toolbox for the development of future generations of biomedical soft robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasool Nasseri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Negin Bouzari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Junting Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hossein Golzar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sarah Jankhani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Xiaowu Shirley Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Tizazu H Mekonnen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Institute for Polymer Research, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Amirreza Aghakhani
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems (IBBS), University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hamed Shahsavan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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19
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Kong S, Wang H, Ubba E, Xiao Y, Yu T, Huang W. Recent Developments of Photodeformable Polymers: From Materials to Applications. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0242. [PMID: 37779636 PMCID: PMC10540999 DOI: 10.34133/research.0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Photodeformable polymer materials have a far influence in the fields of flexibility and intelligence. The stimulation energy is converted into mechanical energy through molecular synergy. Among kinds of photodeformable polymer materials, liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) photodeformable materials have been a hot topic in recent years. Chromophores such as azobenzene, α-cyanostilbene, and 9,10-dithiopheneanthracene have been widely used in LCP, which are helpful for designing functional molecules to increase the penetration depth of light to change physical properties. Due to the various applications of photodeformable polymer materials, there are many excellent reports in intelligent field. In this review, we have systematized LCP containing azobenzene into 3 categories depending on the degree of crosslinking liquid crystalline elastomers, liquid crystalline networks, and linear LCPs. Other structural, typical polymer materials and their applications are discussed. Current issues faced and future directions to be developed for photodeformable polymer materials are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Kong
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi
Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Hailan Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi
Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Eethamukkala Ubba
- OMC Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry,
School of Advanced Sciences, VITVellore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Yuxin Xiao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi
Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi
Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi
Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM),
Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays &Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
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20
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Zuo L, Wu M, Zhang H, Zhang S, Ma Z, Luo J, Ding C, Li J. A hydrogel gripper enabling fine movement based on spatiotemporal mineralization. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8966-8973. [PMID: 37695077 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01252b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Fine tailoring of the subtle movements of a hydrogel actuator through simple methods has widespread application prospects in wearable electronics, bionic robots and biomedical engineering. However, to the best of our knowledge, this challenge is not yet completed. Inspired by the diffusion-reaction process in nature, a hydrogel gripper with the capability of fine movement was successfully prepared based on the spatiotemporal fabrication of the polypyrrole (PPY) pattern in a poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) hydrogel. The hydrogel was given gradient porous structures using a one-step UV irradiation method. Moreover, photothermal PPY patterns on the hydrogel were obtained through spatiotemporal mineralization of ferric hydroxide followed by the polymerization of pyrrole in a controllable manner. Taking advantage of the unique structures, the hydrogel gripper can not only achieve reversible grasping-releasing of substrates with the tuning of temperature (similar to that of hands), but also generate delicate movement under the irradiation of light (resembling that of finger joints). The strategy reported here is easily accessible and there is no need for sophisticated templates, therefore making it superior to other existing methods. We believe this work will provide references for the design and application of more advanced soft actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangrui Zuo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Mingzhen Wu
- Guangxi Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Shikai Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Zhengxin Ma
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Jun Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Chunmei Ding
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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21
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Liu W, Lei Z, Xing W, Xiong J, Zhang Y, Tao P, Shang W, Fu B, Song C, Deng T. Enable Multi-Stimuli-Responsive Biomimetic Actuation with Asymmetric Design of Graphene-Conjugated Conductive Polymer Gradient Film. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16123-16134. [PMID: 37565780 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, multiresponsive actuators based on asymmetric design of graphene-conjugated poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) gradient films have been developed by a simple drop casting method. The biomimetic actuation is attributed to the hygroscopic expansion property of PEDOT:PSS and the gradient distribution of graphene sheets within the film, which resembles the hierarchical swelling tissues of some plants in nature. Graphene-conjugated PEDOT:PSS (GCP) actuators exhibit reversible bending behavior under multistimuli such as moisture, organic vapor, electrothermal, and photothermal heating. Noticeably, the bending curvature reaches 2.15 cm-1 under applied voltage as low as 1.5 V owing to the high electrical conductivity of GCP actuator. To mimic the motions of nyctinastic plants, a GCP artificial flower that spreads its petals under sunlight illumination has been fabricated. GCP actuators have been also demonstrated as intelligent light-controlled switches for light-emitting diodes and smart curtains for thermal management. Not only do the GCP gradient films exhibit potential applications in flexible electronics and energy harvesting/storage devices but also the facile fabrication of multiresponsive GCP actuators may shed light on the development of soft robotics, artificial muscles, wearable electronics, and smart sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendong Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
- Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
- Materials Genome Initiative Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Lei
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
- Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Wenkui Xing
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
- Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Jiacheng Xiong
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
- Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Yingyue Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
- Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Peng Tao
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
- Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Wen Shang
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
- Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Benwei Fu
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
- Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Chengyi Song
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
- Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
- Materials Genome Initiative Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Tao Deng
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
- Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
- Materials Genome Initiative Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
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22
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Xin C, Ren Z, Zhang L, Yang L, Wang D, Hu Y, Li J, Chu J, Zhang L, Wu D. Light-triggered multi-joint microactuator fabricated by two-in-one femtosecond laser writing. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4273. [PMID: 37460571 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40038-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Inspired by the flexible joints of humans, actuators containing soft joints have been developed for various applications, including soft grippers, artificial muscles, and wearable devices. However, integrating multiple microjoints into soft robots at the micrometer scale to achieve multi-deformation modalities remains challenging. Here, we propose a two-in-one femtosecond laser writing strategy to fabricate microjoints composed of hydrogel and metal nanoparticles, and develop multi-joint microactuators with multi-deformation modalities (>10), requiring short response time (30 ms) and low actuation power (<10 mW) to achieve deformation. Besides, independent joint deformation control and linkage of multi-joint deformation, including co-planar and spatial linkage, enables the microactuator to reconstruct a variety of complex human-like modalities. Finally, as a proof of concept, the collection of multiple microcargos at different locations is achieved by a double-joint micro robotic arm. Our microactuators with multiple modalities will bring many potential application opportunities in microcargo collection, microfluid operation, and cell manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xin
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zhongguo Ren
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Leran Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Minde Building, Renai Road, 215123, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yanlei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jiawen Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jiaru Chu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
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23
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Jiang J, Xu S, Ma H, Li C, Huang Z. Photoresponsive hydrogel-based soft robot: A review. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100657. [PMID: 37229213 PMCID: PMC10205512 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft robots have received a lot of attention because of their great human-robot interaction and environmental adaptability. Most soft robots are currently limited in their applications due to wired drives. Photoresponsive soft robotics is one of the most effective ways to promote wireless soft drives. Among the many soft robotics materials, photoresponsive hydrogels have received a lot of attention due to their good biocompatibility, ductility, and excellent photoresponse properties. This paper visualizes and analyzes the research hotspots in the field of hydrogels using the literature analysis tool Citespace, demonstrating that photoresponsive hydrogel technology is currently a key research direction. Therefore, this paper summarizes the current state of research on photoresponsive hydrogels in terms of photochemical and photothermal response mechanisms. The progress of the application of photoresponsive hydrogels in soft robots is highlighted based on bilayer, gradient, orientation, and patterned structures. Finally, the main factors influencing its application at this stage are discussed, including the development directions and insights. Advancement in photoresponsive hydrogel technology is crucial for its application in the field of soft robotics. The advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods and structures should be considered in different application scenarios to select the best design scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Shuainan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Hongyuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
- Harbin Branch of Taili Communication Technology Limited, China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Changpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, PR China
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24
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Zhu Y, Haghniaz R, Hartel MC, Mou L, Tian X, Garrido PR, Wu Z, Hao T, Guan S, Ahadian S, Kim HJ, Jucaud V, Dokmeci MR, Khademhosseini A. Recent Advances in Bioinspired Hydrogels: Materials, Devices, and Biosignal Computing. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:2048-2069. [PMID: 34784170 PMCID: PMC10823919 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The remarkable ability of biological systems to sense and adapt to complex environmental conditions has inspired new materials and novel designs for next-generation wearable devices. Hydrogels are being intensively investigated for their versatile functions in wearable devices due to their superior softness, biocompatibility, and rapid stimulus response. This review focuses on recent strategies for developing bioinspired hydrogel wearable devices that can accommodate mechanical strain and integrate seamlessly with biological systems. We will provide an overview of different types of bioinspired hydrogels tailored for wearable devices. Next, we will discuss the recent progress of bioinspired hydrogel wearable devices such as electronic skin and smart contact lenses. Also, we will comprehensively summarize biosignal readout methods for hydrogel wearable devices as well as advances in powering and wireless data transmission technologies. Finally, current challenges facing these wearable devices are discussed, and future directions are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90064, United States
| | - Reihaneh Haghniaz
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90064, United States
| | - Martin C Hartel
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90064, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Lei Mou
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90064, United States
| | - Xinyu Tian
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Pamela Rosario Garrido
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90064, United States
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Technological Institute of Merida, Merida, Yucatan 97118, Mexico
| | - Zhuohong Wu
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Taige Hao
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Shenghan Guan
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90064, United States
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Samad Ahadian
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90064, United States
| | - Han-Jun Kim
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90064, United States
| | - Vadim Jucaud
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90064, United States
| | - Mehmet R Dokmeci
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90064, United States
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90064, United States
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25
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Ren Y, He Q, Xu T, Zhang W, Peng Z, Meng B. Recent Progress in MXene Hydrogel for Wearable Electronics. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13050495. [PMID: 37232856 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Recently, hydrogels have attracted great attention because of their unique properties, including stretchability, self-adhesion, transparency, and biocompatibility. They can transmit electrical signals for potential applications in flexible electronics, human-machine interfaces, sensors, actuators, et al. MXene, a newly emerged two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial, is an ideal candidate for wearable sensors, benefitting from its surface's negatively charged hydrophilic nature, biocompatibility, high specific surface area, facile functionalization, and high metallic conductivity. However, stability has been a limiting factor for MXene-based applications, and fabricating MXene into hydrogels has been proven to significantly improve their stability. The unique and complex gel structure and gelation mechanism of MXene hydrogels require intensive research and engineering at nanoscale. Although the application of MXene-based composites in sensors has been widely studied, the preparation methods and applications of MXene-based hydrogels in wearable electronics is relatively rare. Thus, in order to facilitate the effective evolution of MXene hydrogel sensors, the design strategies, preparation methods, and applications of MXene hydrogels for flexible and wearable electronics are comprehensively discussed and summarized in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qi He
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Tongyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Weiguan Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhengchun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Bo Meng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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26
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Li CY, Jiao D, Hao XP, Hong W, Zheng Q, Wu ZL. Bistable Joints Enable the Morphing of Hydrogel Sheets with Multistable Configurations. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211802. [PMID: 36680376 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Joints, as a flexing element to connect different parts, are widespread in natural systems. Various joints exist in the body and play crucial roles to execute gestures and gaits. These scenarios have inspired the design of mechanical joints with passive, hard materials, which usually need an external power supply to drive the transformations. The incorporation of soft and active joints provides a modular strategy to devise soft actuators and robots. However, transformations of responsive joints under external stimuli are usually in uni-mode with a pre-determined direction. Here, hydrogel joints capable of folding and twisting transformation in bi-mode are reported, which enable the composite hydrogel to form multiple configurations under constant conditions. These joints have an in-plane gradient structure and comprise stiff, passive gel as the frame and soft, active gel as the actuating unit. Under external stimuli, the response mismatch between different gels leads to out-of-plane folding or twisting deformation with the feature of bistability. These joints can be modularly integrated with other gels to afford complex deformations and multistable configurations. This approach favors selective control of hydrogel's architectures and versatile design of hydrogel devices, as demonstrated by proof-of-concept examples. It shall also merit the development of metamaterials, soft actuators, and robots, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yu Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Dejin Jiao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xing Peng Hao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Wei Hong
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zi Liang Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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27
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Li Y, Huang S, Peng S, Jia H, Pang J, Ibarlucea B, Hou C, Cao Y, Zhou W, Liu H, Cuniberti G. Toward Smart Sensing by MXene. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206126. [PMID: 36517115 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Internet of Things era has promoted enormous research on sensors, communications, data fusion, and actuators. Among them, sensors are a prerequisite for acquiring the environmental information for delivering to an artificial data center to make decisions. The MXene-based sensors have aroused tremendous interest because of their extraordinary performances. In this review, the electrical, electronic, and optical properties of MXenes are first introduced. Next, the MXene-based sensors are discussed according to the sensing mechanisms such as electronic, electrochemical, and optical methods. Initially, biosensors are introduced based on chemiresistors and field-effect transistors. Besides, the wearable pressure sensor is demonstrated with piezoresistive devices. Third, the electrochemical methods include amperometry and electrochemiluminescence as examples. In addition, the optical approaches refer to surface plasmonic resonance and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Moreover, the prospects are delivered of multimodal data fusion toward complicated human-like senses. Eventually, future opportunities for MXene research are conveyed in the new material discovery, structure design, and proof-of-concept devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufen Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Shirong Huang
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Songang Peng
- High-Frequency High-Voltage Device and Integrated Circuits R&D Center, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Jinbo Pang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Bergoi Ibarlucea
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Chongyang Hou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control and Renewable Energy Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
- School of Electrical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
| | - Weijia Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Center of Bio and Micro/Nano Functional Materials, Shandong University, 27 Shandanan Road, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Dresden Center for Intelligent Materials (GCL DCIM), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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28
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Zeng W, Jiang C, Wu D. Heterogeneity Regulation of Bilayer Polysaccharide Hydrogels for Integrating pH- and Humidity-Responsive Actuators and Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:16097-16108. [PMID: 36924131 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bilayer hydrogel-based actuators have attracted much interest because inhomogeneous structures are easily constructed in hydrogels. We used three kinds of polysaccharides, including anionic carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cationic chitosan (CS), and amphoteric carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), as both structure-constructing units and actuation-controlling units in this work to fabricate physically crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) bilayer hydrogels. The spatial heterogeneity was tuned by changing the types and concentrations of polysaccharides in different layers, to regulate pH- and humidity-driven actions of bilayer hydrogels. Based on the distortion of the ionic channel during the humidity-motivated deformation of bilayer hydrogels, a two-in-one flexible device integrating a humidity-driven actuator and humidity-responsive sensor was then developed, which could detect the alterations of environmental humidity in real time. Moreover, good tensile toughness and interfacial bonding as well as the strain-resistance effect endowed the bilayer hydrogels with the capability of identifying human motion as a strain sensor, unlocking more application scenarios. This work provides an overall insight into the heterogeneity regulation of bilayer hydrogels using polysaccharides as stimulus-responsive units and also proposes an interesting strategy of manufacturing hydrogel-based flexible devices with both actuating and sensing capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zeng
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China
| | - Chenguang Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China
| | - Defeng Wu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China
- Provincial Key Laboratories of Environmental Materials & Engineering, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China
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29
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Li D, Le X, Wei S, Shang H, Shan F, Gao G, Yang J, Chen T. Organohydrogel Actuators with Adjustable Stimulus Responsiveness for On-Demand Morphing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:16090-16096. [PMID: 36926835 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel actuators showing shape morphing in response to external stimuli are of significant interest for their applications in soft robots, artificial muscles, etc. However, there is still a lack of hydrogel actuators with adjustable stimulus responsiveness for on-demand driving. In this study, an organohydrogel actuator was prepared by a two-step interpenetrating method, resulting in the coexistence of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-4-(2-sulfoethyl)-1-(4-vinylbenzyl) pyridinium betaine) (p(NIPAM-SVBP)) hydrophilic networks and poly(lauryl methacrylate) (pLMA) hydrophobic networks with gradient distribution. In the initial state, the organohydrogel actuator can be driven globally under thermal stimulation. Owing to the unique alkali-chromic performance of SVBP, the organohydrogel actuator can be endowed with photothermal properties and actuate locally under the stimulus of NIR light. More importantly, the organohydrogel will return to the original colorless state after being treated with acid solution. Our work provides a new insight into designing and fabricating novel actuators with adjustable stimulus responsiveness for on-demand morphing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Li
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Xiaoxia Le
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuxin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Shang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fuqing Shan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Guorong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jintao Yang
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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30
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Hu F, Gao Q, Liu J, Chen W, Zheng C, Bai Q, Sun N, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Lu T. Smart microneedle patches for wound healing and management. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:2830-2851. [PMID: 36916631 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02596e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The number of patients with non-healing wounds is generally increasing globally, placing a huge social and economic burden on every country. The complexity of the wound-healing process remains a major health challenge despite the numerous studies that have been reported on conventional wound dressings. Therefore, a therapeutic system that combines diagnostic and therapeutic modalities is essential to monitor wound-related biomarkers and facilitate wound healing in real time. Microneedles, as a multifunctional platform, are promising for transdermal diagnostics and drug delivery. Their advantages are mainly reflected in painless transdermal drug delivery, good biocompatibility, and ease of self-administration. In this work, we review recent advances in the use of microneedle patches for wound healing and monitoring. The paper first provides a brief overview of the skin structure and the wound healing process, and then discusses the current state of research and prospects for the development of wound-related biomarkers and their real-time monitoring based on microneedle sensors. It summarizes the current state of research based on the unique design of microneedle patches, including biomimetic, conductive, and environmentally responsive, to achieve wound healing. It further summarizes the prospects for the application of different microneedle-based drug delivery modalities and drug delivery substances for wound healing, due to their superior transdermal drug delivery advantages. It concludes with challenges and expectations for the use of smart microneedle patches for wound healing and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Qian Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Jinxi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Wenting Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Caiyun Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Que Bai
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Na Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Yanni Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Tingli Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China.
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31
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Guo R, Yu D, Wang S, Fu L, Lin Y. Nanosheet-hydrogel composites: from preparation and fundamental properties to their promising applications. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:1465-1481. [PMID: 36752168 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01471h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are an important class of soft materials with elastic and intelligent properties. Nevertheless, these traditional hydrogels usually possess poor mechanical properties and limited functions, which greatly restrict their further applications. With the rapid development of nanotechnology, there have been significant advances in the design and fabrication of functional nanocomposite hydrogels with unique properties and functions. Among various materials, nanosheets with planar topography, large specific surface areas, and versatile physicochemical properties have attracted intense research interest. Herein, this review summarises the synthesis mechanisms, fundamental properties, and promising applications of nanosheet-incorporated hydrogels. In particular, how the nanosheet structure is applied to improve the overall performance of the hydrogel in each application is emphasized. Additionally, the current challenges and prospects are briefly discussed in this area. We expect that the combination of nanosheets and hydrogels can attract more researchers' interest and bring new opportunities in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Guo
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Deshuai Yu
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Sen Wang
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Lianlian Fu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China.
| | - Youhui Lin
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
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32
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Jin JN, Yang XR, Wang YF, Zhao LM, Yang LP, Huang L, Jiang W. Mechanical Training Enabled Reinforcement of Polyrotaxane-Containing Hydrogel. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218313. [PMID: 36583510 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Many strategies have been developed for constructing anisotropic hydrogels, however, it remains a challenge to fabricate hydrogels with anisotropic nanocrystalline domains from intrinsically soft networks. Here, we report a naphthotube-based polyrotaxane-containing hydrogel that can be reinforced via mechanical training. During the training process, the hydrogel can adopt reorientation of polymer chains to form anisotropic structures driven by external uniaxial force. Due to the multiple hydrogen bonding sites and movable feature of naphthotube, the sliding of naphthotube on PEG chains simultaneously inducing the zipping of adjacent polymer chains to form densely anisotropic nanocrystalline domains through hydrogen bonded networks. Thus, the trained hydrogel exhibits an enhanced tension stress of ≈110 kPa, which realize a remarkable enhancement of ≈10 times compare to initial state. This study provides a new tactic for improving the mechanical performance of soft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ni Jin
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd 1088, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xi-Ran Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd 1088, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yan-Fang Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd 1088, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lei-Min Zhao
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd 1088, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liu-Pan Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd 1088, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liping Huang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd 1088, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Blvd 1088, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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33
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Li W, Guan Q, Li M, Saiz E, Hou X. Nature's strategy to construct tough responsive hydrogel actuators and their applications. Prog Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
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34
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Zhong L, Dong Z, Liu Y, Chen C, Xu Z. Construction of strong and tough carboxymethyl cellulose-based oriented hydrogels by phase separation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:79-89. [PMID: 36460246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Anisotropic hydrogels have attracted extensive attention because they are similar to natural hydrogel-like materials and exhibit superiority and new functions that isotropic hydrogels cannot. Here, we fabricated strong and tough carboxymethyl cellulose-based conductive hydrogels with oriented hierarchical structures through pre-stretching, solvent displacement induced phase separation, and subsequent ionic crosslinking immobilization. Solvent displacement made the pre-stretched carboxymethyl cellulose-based polymer network more dense and linear, while the toughness of the hydrogel was further improved under the effect of phase separation. Strong and tough hydrogels were prepared by combining pre-stretching and phase separation; the variation range (tensile strength of 2.24-6.19 MPa and toughness of 19.41-22.92 MJ/m3) can be adjusted by the stretching ratio. Compared with traditional carboxymethyl cellulose-based hydrogels, the tensile strength and toughness were increased by 49 times and 15 times, respectively. In addition, the hydrogels had good underwater stability, ion cross-linking made the hydrogels have good conductivity, and the directional stratification structure gave the hydrogels conductive anisotropy. These characteristics give hydrogel sensors broad application prospects in flexible wearable devices, anisotropic sensors, and intelligent underwater devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhaoji Dong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuanquan Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chuchu Chen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Zhaoyang Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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35
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Ding J, Ma H, Xiao X, Li Q, Liu K, Zhang X. Flexible Torsional Photoactuators Based on MXene-Carbon Nanotube-Paraffin Wax Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:57171-57179. [PMID: 36515685 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A flexible actuator, which can convert external stimuli to mechanical motion, is an essential component of every soft robot and determines its performance. As a novel two-dimensional material, MXene has been used to fabricate flexible actuators due to its excellent physical properties. Although MXene-based actuators exhibit excellent actuation performance, their bending deformation is solely due to the in-plane isotropy of the MXene film, and an MXene torsional actuator has not been reported. This study presents a flexible torsional actuator based on an MXene-carbon nanotube (CNT)-paraffin wax (PW) film. In this actuator, the MXene thin film acts as a light absorption layer with wavelength selectivity, superaligned CNT provides structural anisotropy for the composite film, and PW acts as the active layer. The chirality and helical structure of the actuator could be tuned by the orientation of the CNT film. Such an actuator delivers excellent actuation performance, including high work density (∼1.2 J/cm3), low triggering power (77 mW/cm2), high rotational speed (320°/s), long lifetime (30,000 cycles), and wavelength selectivity. Inspired by vines, we used the torsional actuator as a spiral grabber, which lifted an object that weighs 20 times more than the actuator. The high-performance torsional actuator would be potentially used as a noncontact sensor, rotary motor, and grabbing tool in the soft robot system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ding
- Institute of Information Photonics Technology and Faculty of Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing100124, China
| | - He Ma
- Institute of Information Photonics Technology and Faculty of Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing100124, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Institute of Information Photonics Technology and Faculty of Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing100124, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Xinping Zhang
- Institute of Information Photonics Technology and Faculty of Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing100124, China
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36
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Tu T, Zhang S, Li T, Cai Y, Wang D, Liang Y, Zhou Y, Fang L, Liang X, Ye X, Liang B. Tissue-like Conductive Ti 3C 2/Sodium Alginate Hybrid Hydrogel for Electrochemical Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:57311-57320. [PMID: 36512689 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Endowed with a soft and conductive feature, hydrogels have been widely used as interface materials in bioelectronics to fulfill mechanical matching and bidirectional exchange between electronic platforms and living samples. Despite their ionic conductivity, the lack of electron mobility has limited their further applications in biosensing, especially in the field of electrochemical sensing. Here, we propose a Ti3C2/sodium alginate (SA) hybrid hydrogel with not only a tissue-like mechanical strength (down to 80 kPa) but also a combined exchange interface for ions and electrons, realizing both mechanical and electrical coupling toward biological tissues. Due to the shared gelation tendency with cations, the Ti3C2 sheets and SA chains can be easily in situ coassembled through a one-step electrogelation method, making the hybrid hydrogel a well-suited interface layer for device functionalization. In addition, the typical two-dimensional (2D) structure and the abundant active terminals of Ti3C2 have endowed the Ti3C2/SA with a massive loading capacity toward catalytic nanoparticles. For example, the Prussian Blue (PB)-loaded Ti3C2/SA hybrid hydrogel exhibited an excellent electrochemical performance (sensitivity: 600 nA μM-1 cm-2; LOD: 12 nM) toward hydrogen peroxide sensing in tissue fluids, illustrating a promising application potentiality of the hybrid hydrogel in biochemical detection at tissue interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Tu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yu Cai
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yitao Liang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Lu Fang
- College of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xuesong Ye
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Bo Liang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310053, P. R. China
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37
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Zhang Y, Li P, Zhang K, Wang X. Temporary Actuation of Bilayer Polymer Hydrogels Mediated by the Enzymatic Reaction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:15433-15441. [PMID: 36459698 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Most soft actuators have the ability of monotonic responsiveness. That is, there is only one response action after being stimulated once. In this work, a temporarily responsive bilayer hydrogel actuator is designed and fabricated by combining a tertiary amine-containing pH-responsive layer and a urease-containing non-responsive layer. The hydrogel actuator can achieve programed deformation and recovery driven by chemical fuels (i.e., acidic urea solutions), which is essentially regulated by rapid acidification and slow enzymatic production of ammonia for recovering the pH of the system. The actuation extent and duration can be simply controlled by the fuel levels, and the repeated actuations are also possible via refueling. Furthermore, we fabricate several hydrogel devices that can display specific patterns or lift an item. This enzymatic method shows new possibilities to control the temporary actuation of polymer hydrogels potentially useful in many fields such as soft robotics, biomimetic devices, and environmental sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhi Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan250100, Shandong, China
| | - Panpan Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan250100, Shandong, China
| | - Kaiqiang Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan250100, Shandong, China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan250100, Shandong, China
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38
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Chen P, Ruan Q, Nasseri R, Zhang H, Xi X, Xia H, Xu G, Xie Q, Yi C, Sun Z, Shahsavan H, Zhang W. Light-Fueled Hydrogel Actuators with Controlled Deformation and Photocatalytic Activity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2204730. [PMID: 36253140 PMCID: PMC9731706 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel actuators have shown great promise in underwater robotic applications as they can generate controllable shape transformations upon stimulation due to their ability to absorb and release water reversibly. Herein, a photoresponsive anisotropic hydrogel actuator is developed from poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and gold-decorated carbon nitride (Au/g-C3 N4 ) nanoparticles. Carbon nitride nanoparticles endow hydrogel actuators with photocatalytic properties, while their reorientation and mobility driven by the electrical field provide anisotropic properties to the surrounding network. A variety of light-fueled soft robotic functionalities including controllable and programmable shape-change, gripping, and locomotion is elicited. A responsive flower-like photocatalytic reactor is also fabricated, for water splitting, which maximizes its energy-harvesting efficiency, that is, hydrogen generation rate of 1061.82 µmol g-1 h-1 , and the apparent quantum yield of 8.55% at 400 nm, by facing its light-receiving area adaptively towards the light. The synergy between photoactive and photocatalytic properties of this hydrogel portrays a new perspective for the design of underwater robotic and photocatalytic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Qiushi Ruan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Rasool Nasseri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hanning Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Xufeng Xi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Huan Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Gang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Qian Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Chengjie Yi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - ZhengMing Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Hamed Shahsavan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
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Xue P, Chen Y, Xu Y, Valenzuela C, Zhang X, Bisoyi HK, Yang X, Wang L, Xu X, Li Q. Bioinspired MXene-Based Soft Actuators Exhibiting Angle-Independent Structural Color. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 15:1. [PMID: 36441443 PMCID: PMC9705670 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00977-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In nature, many living organisms exhibiting unique structural coloration and soft-bodied actuation have inspired scientists to develop advanced structural colored soft actuators toward biomimetic soft robots. However, it is challenging to simultaneously biomimic the angle-independent structural color and shape-morphing capabilities found in the plum-throated cotinga flying bird. Herein, we report biomimetic MXene-based soft actuators with angle-independent structural color that are fabricated through controlled self-assembly of colloidal SiO2 nanoparticles onto highly aligned MXene films followed by vacuum-assisted infiltration of polyvinylidene fluoride into the interstices. The resulting soft actuators are found to exhibit brilliant, angle-independent structural color, as well as ultrafast actuation and recovery speeds (a maximum curvature of 0.52 mm-1 can be achieved within 1.16 s, and a recovery time of ~ 0.24 s) in response to acetone vapor. As proof-of-concept illustrations, structural colored soft actuators are applied to demonstrate a blue gripper-like bird's claw that can capture the target, artificial green tendrils that can twine around tree branches, and an artificial multicolored butterfly that can flutter its wings upon cyclic exposure to acetone vapor. The strategy is expected to offer new insights into the development of biomimetic multifunctional soft actuators for somatosensory soft robotics and next-generation intelligent machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyi Xu
- Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, and Jiangsu Province Hi, Nanjing, 211189, People's Republic of China
| | - Cristian Valenzuela
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| | - Xiao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xinhua Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China.
| | - Quan Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, and Jiangsu Province Hi, Nanjing, 211189, People's Republic of China.
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA.
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40
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Xian F, Jia L, Sugahara Y, Xue H, Yamauchi Y, Sasaki T, Ma R. Constructing Fast Transmembrane Pathways in a Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets/Nanoparticles Composite Film for an Inorganic Anion-Exchange Membrane. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:51212-51221. [PMID: 36322104 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) with high conductivity are crucial for realizing next-generation energy storage and conversion systems in an alkaline environment, promising a huge advantage in cost reduction without using precious platinum group metal catalysts. Layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets, exhibiting a remarkably high hydroxide ion (OH-) conductivity approaching 10-1 S cm-1 along the in-plane direction, may be regarded as an ideal candidate material for the fabrication of inorganic solid AEMs. However, two-dimensional anisotropy results in a substantially low conductivity of 10-6 S cm-1 along the cross-plane direction, which poses a hurdle to achieve fast ion conduction across the membrane comprising restacked nanosheets. In the present work, a composite membrane was prepared based on mixing/assembling micron-sized LDH nanosheets with nanosized LDH platelets (nanoparticles) via a facile vacuum filtration process. The hybridization with nanoparticles could alter the orientation of LDH nanosheets and reduce the restacking order, forming diversified fast ion-conducting pathways and networks in the composite membrane. As a result, the transmembrane conductivity significantly improved up to 1000-fold higher than that composed of restacked nanosheets only, achieving a high conductivity of 10-2 to 10-1 S cm-1 in both in-plane and cross-plane directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Xian
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Lulu Jia
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Sugahara
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
- Kagami Memorial Research Institute for Materials Science and Technology, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-0051, Japan
| | - Hairong Xue
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) and School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Takayoshi Sasaki
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Renzhi Ma
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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41
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4D printing of MXene hydrogels for high-efficiency pseudocapacitive energy storage. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6884. [DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34583-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract2D material hydrogels have recently sparked tremendous interest owing to their potential in diverse applications. However, research on the emerging 2D MXene hydrogels is still in its infancy. Herein, we show a universal 4D printing technology for manufacturing MXene hydrogels with customizable geometries, which suits a family of MXenes such as Nb2CTx, Ti3C2Tx, and Mo2Ti2C3Tx. The obtained MXene hydrogels offer 3D porous architectures, large specific surface areas, high electrical conductivities, and satisfying mechanical properties. Consequently, ultrahigh capacitance (3.32 F cm−2 (10 mV s−1) and 233 F g−1 (10 V s−1)) and mass loading/thickness-independent rate capabilities are achieved. The further 4D-printed Ti3C2Tx hydrogel micro-supercapacitors showcase great low-temperature tolerance (down to –20 °C) and deliver high energy and power densities up to 93 μWh cm−2 and 7 mW cm−2, respectively, surpassing most state-of-the-art devices. This work brings new insights into MXene hydrogel manufacturing and expands the range of their potential applications.
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42
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Sun Z, Hu Y, Wei C, Hao R, Hao C, Liu W, Liu H, Huang M, He S, Yang M. Transparent, photothermal and stretchable alginate-based hydrogels for remote actuation and human motion sensing. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 293:119727. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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43
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Oscillating light engine realized by photothermal solvent evaporation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5621. [PMID: 36153322 PMCID: PMC9509359 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33374-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous mechanical work output can be generated by using combustion engines and electric motors, as well as actuators, through on/off control via external stimuli. Solar energy has been used to generate electricity and heat in human daily life; however, the direct conversion of solar energy to continuous mechanical work has not been realized. In this work, a solar engine is developed using an oscillating actuator, which is realized through an alternating volume decrease of each side of a polypropylene/carbon black polymer film induced by photothermal-derived solvent evaporation. The anisotropic solvent evaporation and fast gradient diffusion in the polymer film sustains oscillating bending actuation under the illumination of divergent light. This light-driven oscillator shows excellent oscillation performance, excellent loading capability, and high energy conversion efficiency, and it can never stop with solvent supply. The oscillator can cyclically lift up a load and output work, exhibiting a maximum specific work of 30.9 × 10−5 J g−1 and a maximum specific power of 15.4 × 10−5 W g−1 under infrared light. This work can inspire the development of autonomous devices and provide a design strategy for solar engines. Developing an oscillating actuator that can directly convert solar energy into mechanical energy is highly desirable. Here, authors report a solvent-assisted light-driven oscillator by porous film that achieves excellent oscillating actuation performance and can even oscillate by carrying a load under light irradiation.
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44
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Field-induced orientational switching produces vertically aligned Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5615. [PMID: 36153310 PMCID: PMC9509325 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33337-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling the orientation of two-dimensional materials is essential to optimize or tune their functional properties. In particular, aligning MXene, a two-dimensional carbide and/or nitride material, has recently received much attention due to its high conductivity and high-density surface functional group properties that can easily vary based on its arranged directions. However, erecting 2D materials vertically can be challenging, given their thinness of few nanometres. Here, vertical alignment of Ti3C2Tx MXene sheets is achieved by applying an in-plane electric field, which is directly observed using polarised optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The electric field-induced vertical alignment parallel to the applied alternating-current field is demonstrated to be reversible in the absence of a field, back to a random orientation distribution. Interdigitated electrodes with uniaxially aligned MXene nanosheets are demonstrated. These can be further modulated to achieve various patterns using diversified electrode substrates. Anisotropic electrical conductivity is also observed in the uniaxially aligned MXene nanosheet film, which is quite different from the randomly oriented ones. The proposed orientation-controlling technique demonstrates potential for many applications including sensors, membranes, polarisers, and general energy applications. In this work, authors demonstrate reversible vertical alignment of Ti3C2Tx MXene sheets induced by an applied in-plane electric field. Further modulation of the field can achieve programmed patterns onto various electrode substrates.
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45
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Zhang X, Yang Y, Xue P, Valenzuela C, Chen Y, Yang X, Wang L, Feng W. Three‐Dimensional Electrochromic Soft Photonic Crystals Based on MXene‐Integrated Blue Phase Liquid Crystals for Bioinspired Visible and Infrared Camouflage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202211030. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Yanzhao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Pan Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Cristian Valenzuela
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Yuanhao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Xiao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
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46
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Zhang X, Yang Y, Xue P, Valenzuela C, Chen Y, Yang X, Wang L, Feng W. Three‐Dimensional Electrochromic Soft Photonic Crystals Based on MXene‐Integrated Blue Phase Liquid Crystals for Bioinspired Visible and Infrared Camouflage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202211030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Tianjin University Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Yanzhao Yang
- Tianjin University Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Pan Xue
- Tianjin University Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | | | - Yuanhao Chen
- Tianjin University Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Xiao Yang
- Tianjin University Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Ling Wang
- Tianjin University Materials Science and Engineering School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University 300072 Tianjin CHINA
| | - Wei Feng
- Tianjin University Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
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47
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Wang Z, Valenzuela C, Wu J, Chen Y, Wang L, Feng W. Bioinspired Freeze-Tolerant Soft Materials: Design, Properties, and Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201597. [PMID: 35971186 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In nature, many biological organisms have developed the exceptional antifreezing ability to survive in extremely cold environments. Inspired by the freeze resistance of these organisms, researchers have devoted extensive efforts to develop advanced freeze-tolerant soft materials and explore their potential applications in diverse areas such as electronic skin, soft robotics, flexible energy, and biological science. Herein, a comprehensive overview on the recent advancement of freeze-tolerant soft materials and their emerging applications from the perspective of bioinspiration and advanced material engineering is provided. First, the mechanisms underlying the freeze tolerance of cold-enduring biological organisms are introduced. Then, engineering strategies for developing antifreezing soft materials are summarized. Thereafter, recent advances in freeze-tolerant soft materials for different technological applications such as smart sensors and actuators, energy harvesting and storage, and cryogenic medical applications are presented. Finally, future challenges and opportunities for the rapid development of bioinspired freeze-tolerant soft materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Cristian Valenzuela
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jianhua Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yuanhao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Wei Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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48
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Dai CF, Khoruzhenko O, Zhang C, Zhu QL, Jiao D, Du M, Breu J, Zhao P, Zheng Q, Wu ZL. Magneto-Orientation of Magnetic Double Stacks for Patterned Anisotropic Hydrogels with Multiple Responses and Modulable Motions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207272. [PMID: 35749137 PMCID: PMC9541020 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Reported here is a multi-response anisotropic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel developed by using a rotating magnetic field to align magnetic double stacks (MDSs) that are fixed by polymerization. The magneto-orientation of MDSs originates from the unique structure with γ-Fe2 O3 nanoparticles sandwiched by two silicate nanosheets. The resultant gels not only exhibit anisotropic optical and mechanical properties but also show anisotropic responses to temperature and light. Gels with complex ordered structures of MDSs are further devised by multi-step magnetic orientation and photolithographic polymerization. These gels show varied birefringence patterns with potentials as information materials, and can deform into specific configurations upon stimulations. Multi-gait motions are further realized in the patterned gel through dynamic deformation under spatiotemporal light and friction regulation by imposed magnetic force. The magneto-orientation assisted fabrication of hydrogels with anisotropic structures and additional functions should bring opportunities for gel materials in biomedical devices, soft actuators/robots, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Fei Dai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Olena Khoruzhenko
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control Systems, Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, China
| | - Chengqian Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control Systems, Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, China
| | - Qing Li Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Dejin Jiao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Miao Du
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Josef Breu
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Peng Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control Systems, Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zi Liang Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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49
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Hu L, Yang Y, Hao J, Xu L. Dual-Driven Mechanically and Tribologically Adaptive Hydrogels Solely Constituted of Graphene Oxide and Water. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:6004-6009. [PMID: 35704863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although mythologies and fictions have recorded living creatures fully composed of inorganics, it is however hard to turn inorganic constituents into lifelike materials in reality as they usually do not possess characteristics required for constructing a living organism. Here, we report to our knowledge the first biomimetic hydrogel in response to both pH and temperature variations that solely comprises graphene oxide and water. The hydrogel is capable of abruptly and reversibly switching its mechanical and tribological properties by more than 10-fold and 5-fold magnitudes, respectively, as a result of pH- and/or thermal-induced topological reconfiguration of its internal microstructure and ordering. Such behavior closely mimics some natural living organisms such as muscles and sea cucumbers. The hydrogel also shows a low coefficient of friction at pH 2 and room temperature, indicating it a potent smart lubricant free of any flammable and toxic organic base oils and additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing, Yantai 264000, China
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing, Yantai 264000, China
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50
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Gu C, She Y, Chen XC, Zhou BY, Zhu YX, Ding XQ, Tan P, Liu XQ, Sun LB. Modulating the Activity of Enzyme in Metal-Organic Frameworks Using the Photothermal Effect of Ti 3C 2 Nanosheets. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:30090-30098. [PMID: 35736643 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c06375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are versatile catalysts with high potential in various applications, and much attention has been paid to the stability improvement of native enzymes and activity modulation. Encapsulation in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as an efficient strategy for protecting fragile native enzymes while modulating the activity of enzymes remotely, which is practically demanded, has rarely been explored in MOF-encapsulated enzymes. Herein, Ti3C2 nanosheets exhibiting photothermal effect and biocompatibility were encapsulated in Cyt c-embedded ZIF-8 to tailor the enzymatic activity remotely by near-infrared (NIR) irradiation for the first time. By exposure to NIR light, the temperature of an aqueous solution containing Ti3C2/Cyt c@ZIF-8 increases obviously (up to 15 °C), while that of Cyt c@ZIF-8 shows no change. The enzymatic activity in the composites with a certain amount of nanosheets increases, which is attributed to the created defect and transformed microenvironment caused by the introduction of nanosheets. Importantly, the enzymatic activity in ZIF-8 can be further enhanced up to 150% under NIR light irradiation, and this enhancement can be modulated flexibly by varying laser power density. Our investigations indicate that Ti3C2 nanosheets are promising candidates for modulating the activity of encapsulated enzymes remotely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Material (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ya She
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Material (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiang-Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Material (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Bo-Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Material (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Material (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xin-Quan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Material (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Peng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Material (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Material (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Lin-Bing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Material (SICAM), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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