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Lim KRG, Aizenberg M, Aizenberg J. Colloidal Templating in Catalyst Design for Thermocatalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:22103-22121. [PMID: 39101642 PMCID: PMC11328140 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c07167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Conventional catalyst preparative methods commonly entail the impregnation, precipitation, and/or immobilization of nanoparticles on their supports. While convenient, such methods do not readily afford the ability to control collective ensemble-like nanoparticle properties, such as nanoparticle proximity, placement, and compartmentalization. In this Perspective, we illustrate how incorporating colloidal templating into catalyst design for thermocatalysis confers synthetic advantages to facilitate new catalytic investigations and augment catalytic performance, focusing on three colloid-templated catalyst structures: 3D macroporous structures, hierarchical macro-mesoporous structures, and discrete hollow nanoreactors. We outline how colloidal templating decouples the nanoparticle and support formation steps to devise modular catalyst platforms that can be flexibly tuned at different length scales. Of particular interest is the raspberry colloid templating (RCT) method which confers high thermomechanical stability by partially embedding nanoparticles within its support, while retaining high levels of reactant accessibility. We illustrate how the high modularity of the RCT approach allows one to independently control collective nanoparticle properties, such as nanoparticle proximity and localization, without concomitant changes to other catalytic descriptors that would otherwise confound analyses of their catalytic performance. We next discuss how colloidal templating can be employed to achieve spatially disparate active site functionalization while directing reactant transport within the catalyst structure to enhance selectivity in multistep catalytic cascades. Throughout this Perspective, we highlight developments in advanced characterization that interrogate transport phenomena and/or derive new insights into these catalyst structures. Finally, we offer our outlook on the future roles, applications, and challenges of colloidal templating in catalyst design for thermocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Rui Garrick Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Michael Aizenberg
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Joanna Aizenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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2
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Chen L, Lei Y, Yang Y, Huang J, Zhang W, Hoong Ng K, Lai Y. Metal organic framework-assisted copper-modified titania (Cu/TiO 2) with abundant exposed active sites and highly accessible pore channels for an enhanced photo-generation of hydrogen. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 677:647-656. [PMID: 39159519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.08.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Metal-doping is a common strategy for establishing active sites on photocatalyst, but appropriately exposing them for maximized atomic utilization remains a great challenge in photocatalytic research. Herein, we propose a metal organic framework (MOF)-assisted approach to synthesis copper-modified titania (Cu-TiO2/Cu) photocatalyst with homogenously distributed and highly accessible active sites in its matrix. Significantly, an MOF precursor, namely NH2-MIL-125, with co-chelation of titania (Ti) and copper (Cu) was subjected to mild calcination, subsequently results in Cu-modified TiO2 with highly accessible channels to its inner surface. These channels provide not only a large reactive surface (>400 m2 g-1); they also enable facile modifying route for the pre-deposited Cu in prior to photoreaction. Specifically, NH3 treatment was applied to partially reduce deposited Cu ions (Cu+ and Cu2+) into Cu nanoparticles, where their interplays realize improved optical properties and charge separation during photoreactions. Furthermore, the NH3-induced Cu nanoparticles could also serve as the adsorptive site for H+, thereby enabling 5629 μmol h-1 g-1 H2 generation over the optimum photocatalyst of Cu20/TiO2/Cu500. Such performance is associated to 35.44 and 1.71-fold improvements compared to pure TiO2 (Cu0/TiO2) and untreated Cu-ion modified TiO2 (Cu20/TiO2), respectively. This work offers a new synthetic strategy for obtaining photocatalyst with evenly distributed and highly accessible active sites, thus improving the commensurability of photocatalytic H2 generation from the industrial perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lejun Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, PR China; Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou 362801, PR China
| | - Yonggang Lei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye 734000, PR China
| | - Yue Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, PR China
| | - Jianying Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, PR China; Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou 362801, PR China.
| | - Weiying Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, PR China
| | - Kim Hoong Ng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei 24301, Taiwan.
| | - Yuekun Lai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, PR China; Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou 362801, PR China.
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Bijl M, Lim KRG, Garg S, Nicolas NJ, Visser NL, Aizenberg M, van der Hoeven JES, Aizenberg J. Controlling nanoparticle placement in Au/TiO 2 inverse opal photocatalysts. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:13867-13873. [PMID: 38979601 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01200c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticle-loaded titania (Au/TiO2) inverse opals are highly ordered three-dimensional photonic structures with enhanced photocatalytic properties. However, fine control over the placement of the Au nanoparticles in the inverse opal structures remains challenging with traditional preparative methods. Here, we present a multi-component co-assembly strategy to prepare high-quality Au/TiO2 inverse opal films in which Au nanoparticles are either located on, or inside the TiO2 matrix, as verified using electron tomography. We report that Au nanoparticles embedded in the TiO2 support exhibit enhanced thermal and mechanical stability compared to non-embedded nanoparticles that are more prone to both leaching and sintering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Bijl
- Materials Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Allston, MA, USA
| | - Kang Rui Garrick Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Allston, MA, USA
| | - Sadhya Garg
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Allston, MA, USA
| | - Natalie J Nicolas
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Allston, MA, USA
| | - Nienke L Visser
- Materials Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
| | - Michael Aizenberg
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Allston, MA, USA
| | - Jessi E S van der Hoeven
- Materials Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
| | - Joanna Aizenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Allston, MA, USA
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Batista BC, Tekle SD, Yan J, Dangi BB, Steinbock O. Chemical composition from photos: Dried solution drops reveal a morphogenetic tree. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2405963121. [PMID: 38923988 PMCID: PMC11228500 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2405963121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Under nonequilibrium conditions, inorganic systems can produce a wealth of life-like shapes and patterns which, compared to well-formed crystalline materials, remain widely unexplored. A seemingly simple example is the formation of salt deposits during the evaporation of sessile droplets. These evaporites show great variations in their specific patterns including single rings, creep, small crystals, fractals, and featureless disks. We have explored the patterns of 42 different salts at otherwise constant conditions. Based on 7,500 images, we show that distinct pattern families can be identified and that some salts (e.g., Na2SO4 and NH4NO3) are bifurcated creating two distinct motifs. Family affiliations cannot be predicted a priori from composition alone but rather emerge from the complex interplay of evaporation, crystallization, thermodynamics, capillarity, and fluid flow. Nonetheless, chemical composition can be predicted from the deposit pattern with surprisingly high accuracy even if the set of reference images is small. These findings suggest possible applications including smartphone-based analyses and lightweight tools for space missions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno C Batista
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390
| | - Semhare D Tekle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Computer Science, Bowie State University, Bowie, MD 20715
| | - Beni B Dangi
- Department of Chemistry, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee, FL 32307
| | - Oliver Steinbock
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390
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Lyu Y, Zheng J, Wang S. Photoelectrochemical Lithium Extraction from Waste Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202301526. [PMID: 38538545 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
The amount of global hybrid-electric and all electric vehicle has increased dramatically in just five years and reached an all-time high of over 10 million units in 2022. A good deal of waste lithium (Li)-containing batteries from dead vehicles are invaluable unconventional resources with high usage of Li. However, the recycle of Li by green approaches is extremely inefficient and rare from waste batteries, giving rise to severe environmental pollutions and huge squandering of resources. Thus, in this mini review, we briefly summarized a green and promising route-photoelectrochemical (PEC) technology for extracting the Li from the waste lithium-containing batteries. This review first focuses on the critical factors of PEC performance, including light harvesting, charge-carrier dynamics, and surface chemical reactions. Subsequently, the conventional and PEC technologies applying in the area of Li recovery processes are analyzed and discussed in depth, and the potential challenges and future perspective for rational and healthy development of PEC Li extraction are provided positively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Lyu
- School of Physical and Chemistry, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, 410205, Hunan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Jianyun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, P. R. China
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Fan L, Geng Q, Ma L, Wang C, Li JX, Zhu W, Shao R, Li W, Feng X, Yamauchi Y, Li C, Jiang L. Evoking C 2+ production from electrochemical CO 2 reduction by the steric confinement effect of ordered porous Cu 2O. Chem Sci 2023; 14:13851-13859. [PMID: 38075663 PMCID: PMC10699752 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04840c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) to multi-carbon products (CO2-to-C2+) at high current densities is in essential demand for the practical application of the resultant valuable products, yet it remains challenging to conduct due to the lack of efficient electrocatalysts. Herein, three-dimensional ordered porous cuprous oxide cuboctahedra (3DOP Cu2O-CO) were designed and synthesized by a molecular fence-assisted hard templating approach. Capitalizing on the merits of interconnected and uniformly distributed pore channels, 3DOP Cu2O-CO exhibited outstanding electrochemical CO2-to-C2+ conversion, achieving faradaic efficiency and partial current density for C2+ products of up to 81.7% and -0.89 A cm-2, respectively, with an optimal formation rate of 2.92 mmol h-1 cm-2 under an applied current density of -1.2 A cm-2. In situ spectroscopy and simulation results demonstrated that the ordered pores of 3DOP Cu2O-CO can effectively confine and accumulate sufficient *CO adsorption during electrochemical CO2 reduction, which facilitates efficient dimerization for the formation of C2+ products. Furthermore, the 3DOP structure induces a higher local pH value, which not only enhances the C-C coupling reaction, but also suppresses competing H2 evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Qinghong Geng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Lian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Chengming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interface Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jun-Xuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Ruiwen Shao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems and Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia
- JST-ERATO Yamauchi Materials Space-Tectonics Project and Department of Materials Process Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya Aichi 464-8603 Japan
| | - Cuiling Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interface Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interface Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University Beijing 100191 China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101407 China
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7
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Hoeven JESVD, Shneidman AV, Nicolas NJ, Aizenberg J. Evaporation-Induced Self-Assembly of Metal Oxide Inverse Opals: From Synthesis to Applications. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:1809-1820. [PMID: 35700186 PMCID: PMC9260962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
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Inverse opals (IOs) are highly interconnected three-dimensional
macroporous structures with applications in a variety of disciplines
from optics to catalysis. For instance, when the pore size is on the
scale of the wavelength of visible light, IOs exhibit structural color
due to diffraction and interference of light rather than due to absorption
by pigments, making these structures valuable as nonfading paints
and colorants. When IO pores are in an ordered arrangement, the IO
is a 3D photonic crystal, a structure with a plethora of interesting
optical properties that can be used in a multitude of applications,
from sensors to lasers. IOs also have interesting fluidic properties
that arise from the re-entrant geometry of the pores, making them
excellent candidates for colorimetric sensors based on fluid surface
tension. Metal oxide IOs, in particular, can also be photo- and thermally
catalytically active due to the catalytic activity of the background
matrix material or of functional nanoparticles embedded within the
structure. Evaporation-induced self-assembly of sacrificial
particles has
been developed as a scalable method for forming IOs. The pore size
and shape, surface chemistry, matrix material, and the macroscopic
shape of the IO, as well as the inclusion of functional components,
can be designed through the choice of deposition conditions such as
temperature and humidity, types and concentrations of components in
the self-assembly mixture, and the postassembly processing. These
parameters allow researchers to tune the optical, mechanical, and
thermal transport properties of IOs for optimum functionality. In this Account, we focus on experimental and
theoretical studies to understand the self-assembly process and properties
of metal oxide IOs without (bare) and with (hybrid) plasmonic or catalytic
metal nanoparticles incorporated. Several synthetic approaches are
first presented, together with a discussion of the various forces
involved in the assembly process. The visualization of the deposition
front with time-lapse microscopy is then discussed together with analytical
theory and numerical simulations to determine the conditions needed
for the deposition of a continuous IO film. Subsequently, we present
high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of assembled colloids
over large areas, which provides a detailed view of the evolution
of the assembly process, showing that the organization of the colloids
is initially dictated by the meniscus of the evaporating suspension
on the substrate, but that gradually all grains rotate to occupy the
thermodynamically most favorable orientation. High-resolution 3D transmission
electron microscopy (TEM) is then presented together with analysis
of the wetting of the templating colloids by the matrix precursor
to provide a detailed picture of the embedding of metallic nanoparticles
at the pore–matrix interface. Finally, the resulting properties
and applications in optics, wetting, and catalysis are discussed,
concluding with an outlook on the future of self-assembled metal-oxide-based
IOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessi E S van der Hoeven
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Materials Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anna V Shneidman
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Natalie J Nicolas
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Joanna Aizenberg
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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