1
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Zhao JX, Ge ZP, Yue JM. Cephalotane diterpenoids: structural diversity, biological activity, biosynthetic proposal, and chemical synthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:1152-1179. [PMID: 38482919 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00067b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2023Cephalotane diterpenoids are a unique class of natural products exclusive to the genus Cephalotaxus, featuring a rigid 7,6,5,6-fused tetracyclic architecture. The study of cephalotanes dates back to the 1970s, when harringtonolide (1), a Cephalotaxus troponoid with a peculiar norditerpenoid carbon skeleton, was first discovered. In recent years, prototype C20 diterpenoids proposed as cephalotane were disclosed, which triggered intense studies on this diterpenoid family. To date, a cumulative total of 105 cephalotane diterpenoids with great structural diversity and biological importance have been isolated. In addition, significant advances have been made in the field of total synthesis and biosynthesis of cephalotanes in recent years. This review provides a complete overview of the chemical structures, bioactivities, biosynthetic aspects, and completed total synthesis of all the isolated cephalotane diterpenoids, which will help guide future research on this class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, 198 East Binhai Road, Yantai, Shandong 264117, China
| | - Zhan-Peng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jian-Min Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, 198 East Binhai Road, Yantai, Shandong 264117, China
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2
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Shao H, Ma ZH, Cheng YY, Guo XF, Sun YK, Liu WJ, Zhao YM. Bioinspired Total Synthesis of Cephalotaxus Diterpenoids and Their Structural Analogues. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402931. [PMID: 38527934 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we present a unified chemical synthesis of three subgroups of cephalotaxus diterpenoids. Key to the success lies in adopting a synthetic strategy that is inspired by biosynthesis but is opposite in nature. By employing selective one-carbon introduction and ring expansion operations, we have successfully converted cephalotane-type C18 dinorditerpenoids (using cephanolide B as a starting material) into troponoid-type C19 norditerpenoids and intact cephalotane-type C20 diterpenoids. This synthetic approach has enabled us to synthesize cephinoid H, 13-oxo-cephinoid H, 7-oxo-cephinoid H, fortalpinoid C, 7-epi-fortalpinoid C, cephanolide E, and 13-epi-cephanolide E. Furthermore, through the development of an intermolecular asymmetric Michael reaction between β-oxo esters and β-substituted enones, we have achieved the enantioselective synthesis of advanced intermediates within our synthetic sequence, thus formally realizing the asymmetric total synthesis of the cephalotaxus diterpenoids family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Chang'an Ave, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Chang'an Ave, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yang-Yang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Chang'an Ave, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Chang'an Ave, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Ya-Kui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Chang'an Ave, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Wen-Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Chang'an Ave, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yu-Ming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 West Chang'an Ave, Xi'an, 710119, China
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Ge ZP, Xu JB, Zhao P, Xiang M, Zhou Y, Lin ZM, Zuo JP, Zhao JX, Yue JM. Highly modified cephalotane-type diterpenoids from Cephalotaxus fortunei var. alpina and C. sinensis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 221:114038. [PMID: 38395211 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Cephalotanes are a rare class of diterpenoids occurring exclusively in Cephalotaxus plants. The intriguing structures and promising biological activities for this unique compound class prompt us to investigate C. fortunei var. alpina and C. sinensis, leading to the isolation of six undescribed cephalotane-type diterpenoids and/or norditerpenoids, ceforloids A-F (1-6). Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data, including ECD and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies, as well as quantum chemical calculations. Compound 1 possesses an unprecedented norditerpenoid skeleton featuring an unusual acetophenone moiety, and originated putatively from a disparate biogenetic pathway. Compounds 4 and 5 incorporate a unique 12,13-p-hydroxybenzylidene acetal motif. Compound 6 is a rare cephalotane-type diterpenoid glycoside. Immunosuppressive assays showed that compounds 2 and 6 exhibited mild suppressive activity against the activated T and B lymphocytes proliferation. These findings not only expanded the structural diversity of this small group of diterpenoids, but also explored their potential as novel structures for the development of immunosuppressive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Peng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jin-Biao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Mai Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ze-Min Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jian-Ping Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jin-Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, 198 East Binhai Road, Yantai, Shandong, 264117, China.
| | - Jian-Min Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, 198 East Binhai Road, Yantai, Shandong, 264117, China.
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Feng M, Huang B, Jiang H, Huang L. Synthesis of γ-Thiapyrones by Diels-Alder/Retro-Diels-Alder Reaction of α-Pyrones with 5- H-1,2,3-Thiadiazoles. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5846-5850. [PMID: 38584435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The efficient synthesis of γ-thiapyrones by a base-mediated Diels-Alder/retro-Diels-Alder reaction of α-pyrones with 5-H-1,2,3-thiadiazoles is reported herein. Thioketenes in situ generated from thiadiazoles as electron-poor dienophile and electron-rich 4-hydroxy-2-pyrones as dienes are conjunctively transformed into a series of γ-thiapyrones with broad functional group compatibility in good to excellent yields (35 examples, 67% average yield).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxia Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Bin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Liangbin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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Sun Z, Jin S, Song J, Niu L, Zhang F, Gong H, Shu X, Wang Y, Hu X. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (-)-Cephalotanin B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312599. [PMID: 37821726 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Cephalotaxus diterpenoids are attractive natural products with intriguing molecular frameworks and promising biological features. As a structurally unusual member, (-)-cephalotanin B possesses an extraordinarily congested heptacyclic skeleton, three lactone units, and nine consecutive stereocenters. Herein, we report an enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-cephalotanin B based on a divergent asymmetric Michael addition reaction, a novel Pauson-Khand/deacyloxylation process discovered in the development of a second-generation stereoselective Pauson-Khand reaction protocol, and an epoxide-opening/elimination/dual-lactonization cascade to construct the challenging propeller-shaped A-B-C ring system as key transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezhong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 710127, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 710127, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianing Song
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 710127, Xi'an, China
| | - Lihua Niu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 710127, Xi'an, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 710127, Xi'an, China
| | - Han Gong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 710127, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Shu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 710127, Xi'an, China
| | - Yunxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 710127, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangdong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 710127, Xi'an, China
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6
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Zhang ZM, Zhang J, Cai Q. Enantioselective and collective total synthesis of pentacyclic 19- nor-clerodanes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12598-12605. [PMID: 38020367 PMCID: PMC10646913 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04335e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We report herein the collective asymmetric total synthesis of seven pentacyclic 19-nor-clerodane diterpenoids, namely (+)-teucvin (+)-cracroson A, (+)-cracroson E, (+)-montanin A, (+)-teucvisin C, (+)-teucrin A, and (+)-2-hydroxyteuscorolide. An ytterbium-catalyzed asymmetric inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction of 4-methyl-2-pyrone with a chiral C5-substituted cyclohexa-1,3-dienol silyl ether is the key feature of the synthesis, which provides the common cis-decalin intermediate with five continuous stereocenters in excellent yield and stereoselectivity. From this diversifiable intermediate, the total synthesis of (+)-teucvin and (+)-2-hydroxyteuscorolide was realized in thirteen and eighteen steps, respectively. From (+)-teucvin, five other pentacyclic 19-nor-clerodanes were divergently and concisely generated through late-stage oxidation state adjustments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Mao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Fudan University 220 Handan Rd. Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Fudan University 220 Handan Rd. Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Quan Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Fudan University 220 Handan Rd. Shanghai 200433 China
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Bakanas I, Lusi RF, Wiesler S, Hayward Cooke J, Sarpong R. Strategic application of C-H oxidation in natural product total synthesis. Nat Rev Chem 2023; 7:783-799. [PMID: 37730908 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00534-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation of unactivated C-H bonds has emerged as an effective tactic in natural product synthesis and has altered how chemists approach the synthesis of complex molecules. The use of C-H oxidation methods has simplified the process of synthesis planning by expanding the choice of starting materials, limiting functional group interconversion and protecting group manipulations, and enabling late-stage diversification. In this Review, we propose classifications for C-H oxidations on the basis of their strategic purpose: type 1, which installs functionality that is used to establish the carbon skeleton of the target; type 2, which is used to construct a heterocyclic ring; and type 3, which installs peripheral functional groups. The reactions are further divided based on whether they are directed or undirected. For each classification, examples from recent literature are analysed. Finally, we provide two case studies of syntheses from our laboratory that were streamlined by the judicious use of C-H oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Bakanas
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Robert F Lusi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Wiesler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jack Hayward Cooke
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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Wang H, Liu Y, Zhang H, Yang B, He H, Gao S. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Cephalotaxus Diterpenoids: Cephinoid P, Cephafortoid A, 14- epi-Cephafortoid A and Fortalpinoids M-N, P. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:16988-16994. [PMID: 37493585 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The asymmetric total syntheses of cephalotaxus C19 diterpenoids, bearing a unique cycloheptene A ring with a chiral methyl group at C-12, were disclosed based on a universal strategy. Six members, including cephinoid P, cephafortoid A, 14-epi-cephafortoid A and fortalpinoids M-N, P, were accomplished for the first time. The concise approach relies on two crucial steps: (1) a Nicholas/Hosomi-Sakurai cascade reaction was developed to efficiently generate the cycloheptene ring bearing a chiral methyl group; (2) an intramolecular Pauson-Khand reaction was followed to facilitate the construction of the complete skeleton of target molecules. Our studies provide a new strategy for the synthetic analysis of cephalotaxus diterpenoids and structurally related polycyclic natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Hongyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Baochao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Haibing He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Wuhu Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
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9
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Sun Z, Fan X, Sun Z, Li Z, Niu L, Guo H, Ren Z, Wang Y, Hu X. Total Synthesis of (-)-Ceforalide B and (-)-Cephanolides B-D. Org Lett 2022; 24:7507-7511. [PMID: 36222428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
(-)-Ceforalide B (1) and (-)-cephanolides B-D (2-4) are benzenoid cephanolide diterpenoids possessing the same pentacyclic skeleton, which contains three C13-C15 substituent patterns and different benzylic oxidation states. An olefination/6π-electrocyclization/oxidative aromatization cascade has been verified as divergent access to three C13-C15 patterns. The benzylic aerobic oxidations enabled by the Co(OAc)2·4H2O/bromide salt/O2/PPh3/N-hydroxyphthalimide system have been developed to deliver expected site-selectivity and different oxidation states. Through the divergent strategy, total synthesis of (-)-ceforalide B and (-)-cephanolides B-D is accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongliu Sun
- Department of Chemistry & Material Science, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministryof Education of China, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Xin Fan
- Department of Chemistry & Material Science, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministryof Education of China, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Zezhong Sun
- Department of Chemistry & Material Science, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministryof Education of China, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Department of Chemistry & Material Science, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministryof Education of China, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Lihua Niu
- Department of Chemistry & Material Science, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministryof Education of China, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Chemistry & Material Science, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministryof Education of China, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ren
- Department of Chemistry & Material Science, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministryof Education of China, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yunxia Wang
- Department of Chemistry & Material Science, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministryof Education of China, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Xiangdong Hu
- Department of Chemistry & Material Science, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministryof Education of China, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
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Huang G, Guillot R, Kouklovsky C, Maryasin B, de la Torre A. Diastereo- and Enantioselective Inverse-Electron-Demand Diels-Alder Cycloaddition between 2-Pyrones and Acyclic Enol Ethers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208185. [PMID: 36040131 PMCID: PMC9826153 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A broadly applicable diastereo- and enantioselective inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction of 2-pyrones and acyclic enol ethers is reported herein. Using a copper(II)-BOX catalytic system, bridged bicyclic lactones are obtained in very high yields (up to 99 % yield) and enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee) from diversely substituted 2-pyrones and acyclic enol ethers. Mechanistic experiments as well as DFT calculations indicate the occurrence of a stepwise mechanism. The synthetic potential of the bridged bicyclic lactones is showcased by the enantioselective synthesis of polyfunctional cyclohexenes and cyclohexadienes, as well as a carbasugar unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghao Huang
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO)Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS15, rue Georges Clémenceau91405Orsay CedexFrance
| | - Régis Guillot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO)Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS15, rue Georges Clémenceau91405Orsay CedexFrance
| | - Cyrille Kouklovsky
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO)Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS15, rue Georges Clémenceau91405Orsay CedexFrance
| | - Boris Maryasin
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 381090ViennaAustria,Institute of Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 171090ViennaAustria
| | - Aurélien de la Torre
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO)Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS15, rue Georges Clémenceau91405Orsay CedexFrance
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11
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Sennari G, Gardner KE, Wiesler S, Haider M, Eggert A, Sarpong R. Unified Total Syntheses of Benzenoid Cephalotane-Type Norditerpenoids: Cephanolides and Ceforalides. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19173-19185. [PMID: 36198090 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Detailed herein are our synthetic studies toward the preparation of the C18- and C19-benzenoid cephalotane-type norditerpenoids. Guided by chemical network analysis, the core structure of this natural product family was constructed in a concise manner using an iterative cross-coupling, followed by a formal inverse-electron-demand [4 + 2] cycloaddition. Initial efforts to functionalize an alkene group in the [4 + 2] cycloadduct using a Mukaiyama hydration and a subsequent olefination led to the complete C18-carbon framework. While effective, this approach proved lengthy and prompted the development of a direct alkene difunctionalization that relies on borocupration to advance the cycloadduct to the natural products. Late-stage peripheral C-H functionalization facilitated access to all of the known cephanolides in 6-10 steps as well as five recently isolated ceforalides in 8-13 steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goh Sennari
- Department of Chemistry, University of California─Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Kristen E Gardner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California─Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stefan Wiesler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California─Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Maximilian Haider
- Department of Chemistry, University of California─Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Alina Eggert
- Department of Chemistry, University of California─Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California─Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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12
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Huang G, Kouklovsky C, de la Torre A. Gram-Scale Enantioselective Synthesis of (+)-Lucidumone. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:17803-17807. [PMID: 36150082 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The first enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-lucidumone is described through a 13-step synthetic pathway (longest linear sequence). The key steps involve the formation of a bridged bicyclic lactone by an enantioselective inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder cycloaddition, C-O bond formation to assemble two fragments, and a one-pot retro-[4 + 2]/[4 + 2] cycloaddition cascade. The synthesis is scalable, and more than one gram of natural product was synthesized in one batch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghao Huang
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 15 rue Georges Clémenceau, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
| | - Cyrille Kouklovsky
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 15 rue Georges Clémenceau, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
| | - Aurélien de la Torre
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 15 rue Georges Clémenceau, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
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Huang G, Guillot R, Kouklovsky C, Maryasin B, de la Torre A. Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Inverse‐Electron‐Demand Diels‐Alder Cycloaddition between 2‐Pyrones and Acyclic Enol Ethers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guanghao Huang
- ICMMO: Institut de Chimie Moleculaire et des Materiaux d'Orsay MSMT FRANCE
| | - Régis Guillot
- ICMMO: Institut de Chimie Moleculaire et des Materiaux d'Orsay SC FRANCE
| | - Cyrille Kouklovsky
- ICMMO: Institut de Chimie Moleculaire et des Materiaux d'Orsay MSMT FRANCE
| | - Boris Maryasin
- Universität Wien: Universitat Wien Organic Chemistry and Computational Chemistry FRANCE
| | - Aurélien de la Torre
- Institut de Chimie Moleculaire et des Materiaux d'Orsay MSMT 420 rue du Doyen Georges Poitou 91405 Orsay FRANCE
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14
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Qing Z, Mao P, Wang T, Zhai H. Asymmetric Total Syntheses of Cephalotane-Type Diterpenoids Cephanolides A-D. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10640-10646. [PMID: 35653731 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cephanolides A-D are cephalotane-type diterpenoids featuring a novel 6/6/6/5 tetracyclic core embedded with a bridged δ-lactone. The asymmetric and divergent total syntheses of cephanolides A-D have been accomplished, proceeding in 11-14 steps from a known alcohol. The salient features of the present work include (i) a substrate-controlled diastereoselective intermolecular Diels-Alder reaction to form the 6-6 cis-fused rings, (ii) a palladium-catalyzed formal bimolecular [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction via a partially intermolecular cascade reaction sequence involving multiple carbometalations to rapidly install the key tetracyclic skeleton, and (iii) lactonization and late-stage oxidative diversification to complete total syntheses of the four benzenoid cephanolides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhineng Qing
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Materials Research, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Peng Mao
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Materials Research, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tie Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Materials Research, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hongbin Zhai
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Materials Research, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Institute of Marine Biomedicine, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
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15
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Huang J, Chen Y, Zhao H, Pan H, Yao Y. Recent Advances in the Total Synthesis of Cephalotane-Type Norditerpenoids from Cephalotaxus sinensis. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1828-2170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cephalotaxus diterpenoids are well known for their unique structures and biological activities. Cephanolides, as new cephalotane-type norditerpenoids isolated from Cephalotaxus sinensis, have attracted considerable attention from the synthetic community. The present Short Review summarizes strategic approaches toward the total synthesis of cephanolides from 2018 to 2021.1 Introduction2 Synthetic Approaches toward Cephalotane-Type Norditerpenoids2.1 First Total Synthesis of Cephanolides B and C by Zhao (2018)2.2 Total Synthesis of Cephanolides A–D by Sarpong (2021)2.3 Total Synthesis of Cephanolide B by Yang (2021)2.4 Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Cephanolide A by Gao (2020)2.5 Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Cephanolide B by Gao (2021)2.6 Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Cephanolides A and B by Cai (2021)3 Conclusion and Perspectives
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agriculture Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agriculture Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University
| | - Hongyi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agriculture Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University
| | - Huanhuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agriculture Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University
| | - Yi Yao
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Synthetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University
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16
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Zhang F, Ren BT, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Feng X. Enantioselective Construction of cis-Hydroindole Scaffolds via Asymmetric Inverse-Electron-Demand Diels–Alder Reaction: Application to the Formal Total Synthesis of (+)-Minovincine. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5562-5567. [PMID: 35694337 PMCID: PMC9116300 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01458k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
cis-Hydroindole scaffolds widely exist in a large number of natural products, pharmaceuticals, and organocatalysts. Therefore, the development of efficient and enantioselective methods for the construction of cis-hydroindoles is of great interest and importance. Herein, a novel approach for the enantioselective synthesis of cis-hydroindole scaffolds has been realized through a chiral N,N′-dioxide/Mg(OTf)2 complex catalyzed asymmetric inverse-electron-demand Diels–Alder (IEDDA) reaction of 2-pyrones and cyclic enamines. A series of substituted cis-hydroindole derivatives bearing multiple contiguous stereocenters and functional groups were obtained in good to excellent yields and enantioselectivities (up to 99% yield, and 95% ee) under mild reaction conditions. Moreover, the enantioselective formal total synthesis of (+)-minovincine was concisely furnished with high efficiency and stereoselectivity to demonstrate the synthetic potential of this method. An enantioselective IEDDA reaction between 2-pyrone and cyclic enamine was realized to construct cis-hydroindoles in high yield and ee, providing a concise route for formal total synthesis of (+)-minovincine.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518055 China
| | | | - Yuqiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Yangbin Liu
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518055 China
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
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17
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Zhang F, Ren BT, Liu Y, Feng X. A nickel( ii)-catalyzed enantioselective all-carbon-based inverse-electron-demand Diels–Alder reaction of 2-pyrones with indenes. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00493c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An asymmetric IEDDA reaction of 2-pyrones with indenes catalyzed by a chiral N,N′-dioxide/Ni(OTf)2 complex has been disclosed to construct highly functionalized hexahydrofluorenyl bridged-lactone scaffolds in high yields and ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Bing-Tao Ren
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yangbin Liu
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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18
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Ge ZP, Zhou B, Zimbres FM, Haney RS, Liu QF, Wu Y, Cassera MB, Zhao JX, Yue JM. Cephalotane-type C 20 diterpenoids from Cephalotaxus fortunei var. alpina. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:9000-9009. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01748b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Seventeen new cephalotane-type diterpenoids were isolated from Cephalotaxus fortunei var. alpina. Compounds 14 and 15 contain an unusual 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.1]octane moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Peng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Research Units of Discovery of New Drug Lead Molecules, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Research Units of Discovery of New Drug Lead Molecules, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, 198 East Binhai Road, Yantai, Shandong 264117, China
| | - Flavia M. Zimbres
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases (CTEGD), University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Reagan S. Haney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases (CTEGD), University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Qun-Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Research Units of Discovery of New Drug Lead Molecules, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Research Units of Discovery of New Drug Lead Molecules, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Maria B. Cassera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases (CTEGD), University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Jin-Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Research Units of Discovery of New Drug Lead Molecules, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, 198 East Binhai Road, Yantai, Shandong 264117, China
| | - Jian-Min Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Research Units of Discovery of New Drug Lead Molecules, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, 198 East Binhai Road, Yantai, Shandong 264117, China
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