1
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Bhatt M, Lazzarin E, Alberto-Silva AS, Domingo G, Zerlotti R, Gradisch R, Bazzone A, Sitte HH, Stockner T, Bossi E. Unveiling the crucial role of betaine: modulation of GABA homeostasis via SLC6A1 transporter (GAT1). Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:269. [PMID: 38884791 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05309-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Betaine is an endogenous osmolyte that exhibits therapeutic potential by mitigating various neurological disorders. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for its neuroprotective effects remain puzzling.In this study, we describe a possible mechanism behind the positive impact of betaine in preserving neurons from excitotoxicity. Here we demonstrate that betaine at low concentration modulates the GABA uptake by GAT1 (slc6a1), the predominant GABA transporter in the central nervous system. This modulation occurs through the temporal inhibition of the transporter, wherein prolonged occupancy by betaine impedes the swift transition of the transporter to the inward conformation. Importantly, the modulatory effect of betaine on GAT1 is reversible, as the blocking of GAT1 disappears with increased extracellular GABA. Using electrophysiology, mass spectroscopy, radiolabelled cellular assay, and molecular dynamics simulation we demonstrate that betaine has a dual role in GAT1: at mM concentration acts as a slow substrate, and at µM as a temporal blocker of GABA, when it is below its K0.5. Given this unique modulatory characteristic and lack of any harmful side effects, betaine emerges as a promising neuromodulator of the inhibitory pathways improving GABA homeostasis via GAT1, thereby conferring neuroprotection against excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manan Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Erika Lazzarin
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ana Sofia Alberto-Silva
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Guido Domingo
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Rocco Zerlotti
- Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstr. 70a, 80339, Munich, Germany
| | - Ralph Gradisch
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andre Bazzone
- Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstr. 70a, 80339, Munich, Germany
| | - Harald H Sitte
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan
- Center for Addiction Research and Science, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Stockner
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elena Bossi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy.
- Centre for Neuroscience, University of Insubria, 21100, Varese, Italy.
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2
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Zeng Y, Xu T, Chen W, Fang J, Chen D. Quasi-Chromophores Segregated by Single-Chain Nanoparticles of Fluorinated Zwitterionic Random Copolymers Showing Remarkably Enhanced Fluorescence Emission Capable of Fluorescent Cell Imaging. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400029. [PMID: 38477018 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Organic and polymer fluorescent nanomaterials are a frontier research focus. Here in this work, a series of fluorinated zwitterionic random copolymers end-attached with a quasi-chromophoric group of pyrene or tetraphenylethylene (TPE) are well synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization with activators regenerated by electron transfer (ARGET ATRP). Those random copolymers with total degree of polymerization 100 or 200 are able to produce fluorescent single-chain nanoparticles (SCNPs) through intra-chain self-folding assembly with quite uniform diameters in the range of 10-20 nm as characterized by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. By virtue of the segregation or confinement effect, both SCNPs functionalized with pyrene or TPE group are capable of emitting fluorescence, with pyrene tethered SCNPs exhibiting stronger fluorescence emission reaching the highest quantum yield ≈20%. Moreover, such kind of fluorescent SCNPs manifest low cytotoxicity and good cell imaging performance for Hela cells. The creation of fluorescent SCNPs through covalently attached one quasi-chromophore to the end of one fluorinated zwitterionic random copolymer provides an alternative strategy for preparing polymeric luminescence nanomaterials, promisingly serving as a new type of fluorescent nanoprobes for biological imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Zeng
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tianchi Xu
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Weizhi Chen
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jianglin Fang
- Center for Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Dongzhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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3
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Duan Q, Liu R, Luo JQ, Zhang JY, Zhou Y, Zhao J, Du JZ. Virus-Inspired Glucose and Polydopamine (GPDA)-Coating as an Effective Strategy for the Construction of Brain Delivery Platforms. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:402-410. [PMID: 38153842 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The ability of drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is crucial for treating central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Inspired by natural viruses, here we report a glucose and polydopamine (GPDA) coating method for the construction of delivery platforms for efficient BBB crossing. Such platforms are composed of nanoparticles (NPs) as the inner core and surface functionalized with glucose-poly(ethylene glycol) (Glu-PEG) and polydopamine (PDA) coating. Glu-PEG provides selective targeting of the NPs to brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs), while PDA enhances the transcytosis of the NPs. This strategy is applicable to gold NPs (AuNPs), silica, and polymeric NPs, which achieves as high as 1.87% of the injected dose/g of brain in healthy brain tissues. In addition, the GPDA coating manages to deliver NPs into the tumor tissue in the orthotopic glioblastoma model. Our study may provide a universal strategy for the construction of delivery platforms for efficient BBB crossing and brain drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijia Duan
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rong Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jia-Qi Luo
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing-Yang Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, China
| | - Yubo Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Junpeng Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jin-Zhi Du
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Innovation Centre of Ministry of Education for Development and Diseases, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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4
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Li Z, Dang Q, Wang P, Zhao F, Huang J, Wang C, Liu X, Min W. Food-Derived Peptides: Beneficial CNS Effects and Cross-BBB Transmission Strategies. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20453-20478. [PMID: 38085598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Food-derived peptides, as dietary supplements, have significant effects on promoting brain health and relieving central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) greatly limits their in-brain bioavailability. Thus, overcoming the BBB to target the CNS is a major challenge for bioactive peptides in the prevention and treatment of CNS diseases. This review discusses improvement in the neuroprotective function of food-derived active peptides in CNS diseases, as well as the source of BBB penetrating peptides (BBB-shuttles) and the mechanism of transmembrane transport. Notably, this review also discusses various peptide modification methods to overcome the low permeability and stability of the BBB. Lipification, glycosylation, introduction of disulfide bonds, and cyclization are effective strategies for improving the penetration efficiency of peptides through the BBB. This review provides a new prospective for improving their neuroprotective function and developing treatments to delay or even prevent CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Li
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, ChangChun, Jilin 130118, P.R. China
| | - Qiao Dang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, ChangChun, Jilin 130118, P.R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China
| | - Fanrui Zhao
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, P.R. China
| | - Jianqin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, P.R. China
| | - Chongchong Wang
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, P.R. China
| | - Xingquan Liu
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China
| | - Weihong Min
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, P.R. China
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5
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Bhatt M, Di Iacovo A, Romanazzi T, Roseti C, Bossi E. Betaine-The dark knight of the brain. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 133:485-495. [PMID: 36735640 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The role of betaine in the liver and kidney has been well documented, even from the cellular and molecular point of view. Despite literature reporting positive effects of betaine supplementation in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and schizophrenia, the role and function of betaine in the brain are little studied and reviewed. Beneficial effects of betaine in neurodegeneration, excitatory and inhibitory imbalance and against oxidative stress in the central nervous system (CNS) have been collected and analysed to understand the main role of betaine in the brain. There are many 'dark' aspects needed to complete the picture. The understanding of how this osmolyte is transported across neuron and glial cells is also controversial, as the expression levels and functioning of the known protein capable to transport betaine expressed in the brain, betaine-GABA transporter 1 (BGT-1), is itself not well clarified. The reported actions of betaine beyond BGT-1 related to neuronal degeneration and memory impairment are the focus of this work. With this review, we underline the scarcity of detailed molecular and cellular information about betaine action. Consequently, the requirement of detailed focus on and study of the interaction of this molecule with CNS components to sustain the therapeutic use of betaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manan Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- School of Experimental and Translational Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Angela Di Iacovo
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- School of Experimental and Translational Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Tiziana Romanazzi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- School of Experimental and Translational Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Cristina Roseti
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Centre for Neuroscience, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Elena Bossi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Centre for Neuroscience, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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6
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Knight LS, Knight TA. Making the case for prophylactic use of betaine to promote brain health in young (15-24 year old) athletes at risk for concussion. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1214976. [PMID: 37811321 PMCID: PMC10556504 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1214976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Betaine supplementation in the context of human nutrition, athletic performance, and clinical therapy demonstrate that the osmolyte and methyl donor, betaine, is cytoprotective and beneficial to human health. These studies also demonstrate that betaine supplementation in healthy humans is straight-forward with no reported adverse effects. Here, we explore betaine uptake in the central nervous system (CNS) and contribute to evidence that betaine may be uniquely protective to the brain. We specifically describe the therapeutic potential of betaine and explore the potential implications of betaine on inhibition mediated by GABA and glycine neurotransmission. The influence of betaine on neurophysiology complement betaine's role as an osmolyte and metabolite and is consistent with clinical evidence of betaine-mediated improvements to cognitive function (reported in elderly populations) and its anti-convulsant properties. Betaine's therapeutic potential in neurological disorders including epilepsy and neurodegenerative diseases combined with benefits of betaine supplementation on athletic performance support the unique application of betaine as a prophylaxis to concussion. As an example, we identify young athletes (15-24 years old), especially females, for prophylactic betaine supplementation to promote brain health and resilience in a cohort at high risk for concussion and for developing Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas A. Knight
- Biology Department, Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA, United States
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7
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Wang R, Xiao P, Yu B, Sun Y, Li J, Zhang L, Jiang X, Wu W. Fluorination Effects on the Drug Delivery Property of Cylindrical Polymer Brushes. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:5924-5932. [PMID: 36417709 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluorination has been widely applied to improving the properties of small-molecule drugs. However, relatively little is known about the effects of fluorination on the drug delivery property of nanomaterials. In this paper, we synthesized a fluoroalkane-modified cylindrical polymer brush (CPB) BCPB-F and an alkane-modified analogue BCPB-H. Doxorubicin (DOX) was used as a model drug and was loaded onto the CPBs through a pH-responsive acylhydrazone linkage. High drug loading and good water solubility were achieved. The in vitro and in vivo experiments suggested that fluorination played an important role in improving the cellular uptake, blood circulation, tissue permeability, and tumor targeting ability of CPBs. Due to these superiorities, the DOX-loaded BCPB-F exhibited excellent antitumor efficacy and eradicated the tumors of mice after five-dose treatments. The well-defined structures of the drug-free and drug-loaded CPBs guaranteed the accuracy of the results. This work demonstrates that fluorination is a promising strategy to improve the overall properties of nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Wang
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Panpan Xiao
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ling'e Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, P. R. China
| | - Xiqun Jiang
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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8
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Li Q, Wen C, Yang J, Zhou X, Zhu Y, Zheng J, Cheng G, Bai J, Xu T, Ji J, Jiang S, Zhang L, Zhang P. Zwitterionic Biomaterials. Chem Rev 2022; 122:17073-17154. [PMID: 36201481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The term "zwitterionic polymers" refers to polymers that bear a pair of oppositely charged groups in their repeating units. When these oppositely charged groups are equally distributed at the molecular level, the molecules exhibit an overall neutral charge with a strong hydration effect via ionic solvation. The strong hydration effect constitutes the foundation of a series of exceptional properties of zwitterionic materials, including resistance to protein adsorption, lubrication at interfaces, promotion of protein stabilities, antifreezing in solutions, etc. As a result, zwitterionic materials have drawn great attention in biomedical and engineering applications in recent years. In this review, we give a comprehensive and panoramic overview of zwitterionic materials, covering the fundamentals of hydration and nonfouling behaviors, different types of zwitterionic surfaces and polymers, and their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsi Li
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Chiyu Wen
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xianchi Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yingnan Zhu
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Jie Bai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, China
| | - Tong Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, China
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Shaoyi Jiang
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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9
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Qi H, Zhang S, Liang J, He S, Wang Y. Controllable blood–brain barrier (BBB) regulation based on gigahertz acoustic streaming. NANOTECHNOLOGY AND PRECISION ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1063/10.0014861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a structural and functional barrier necessary for brain homeostasis, and it plays an important role in the realization of neural function and in protecting the brain from damage by circulating toxins and pathogens. However, the extremely dense BBB also severely limits the transport of molecules across it, which is a great hindrance to the diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. This paper reports a new method for controllable opening of the BBB, based on the gigahertz acoustic streaming (AS) generated by a bulk acoustic wave resonant device. By adjusting the input power and working distance of the device, AS with tunable flow rate can be generated to disrupt tight junction proteins (TJs) between endothelial cells. The results obtained with this method show that the gigahertz AS promotes the penetration of dextran molecules with different molecular weights across the BBB. This work provides a new platform for studying the mechanical regulation of BBB by fluid shear forces and a new method for improving the efficiency of drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shuaihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jiaxue Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shan He
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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10
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Zhu H, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Xu S, James TD, Wang L. Stepwise-Enhanced Tumor Targeting of Near-Infrared Emissive Au Nanoclusters with High Quantum Yields and Long-Term Stability. Anal Chem 2022; 94:13189-13196. [PMID: 36106565 PMCID: PMC9591319 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We developed an in situ coordination-driven
spatially
confined strategy for preparing near-infrared emissive gold nanoclusters
encapsulated by fluorinated polymers (AuNCs@PF, λmax = 810 nm) with good stability and high quantum yields (27.7%), far
higher than those previously reported for NIR AuNCs (>800 nm).
Based
on the stepwise enhancements including long blood circulation-induced
passive tumor targeting, fluoro-enhanced tumor permeation, and tumor
microenvironment (weak acid)-induced aggregation retention in cells,
these AuNCs demonstrated bright and stable NIR fluorescence imaging
ability in tumors. Additionally, the AuNCs@PF were capable of fluorine
magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomographic imaging. The multimodal
imaging of tumor-bearing mice clearly implied the potential of AuNCs@PF
in biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Suying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tony D. James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Leyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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