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Dočekal V, Koucký F, Císařová I, Veselý J. Organocatalytic desymmetrization provides access to planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophanes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3090. [PMID: 38600078 PMCID: PMC11006895 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47407-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophanes consist of two functionalized benzene rings connected by two ethylene bridges. These organic compounds have a wide range of applications in asymmetric synthesis, as both ligands and catalysts, and in materials science, as polymers, energy materials and dyes. However, these molecules can only be accessed by enantiomer separation via (a) time-consuming chiral separations and (b) kinetic resolution approaches, often with a limited substrate scope, yielding both enantiomers. Here, we report a simple, efficient, metal-free protocol for organocatalytic desymmetrization of prochiral diformyl[2.2]paracyclophanes. Our detailed experimental mechanistic study highlights differences in the origin of enantiocontrol of pseudo-para and pseudo-gem diformyl derivatives in NHC catalyzed desymmetrizations based on whether a key Breslow intermediate is irreversibly or reversibly formed in this process. This gram-scale reaction enables a wide range of follow-up derivatizations of carbonyl groups, producing various enantiomerically pure planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane derivatives, thereby underscoring the potential of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Dočekal
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 43, Prague, 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Filip Koucký
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 43, Prague, 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 43, Prague, 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Veselý
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 43, Prague, 2, Czech Republic.
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Alvarado-Castillo MA, Cortés-Mendoza S, Barquera-Lozada JE, Delgado F, Toscano RA, Ortega-Alfaro MC, López-Cortés JG. Well-defined Cu(I) complexes based on [N,P]-pyrrole ligands catalyzed a highly endoselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:2231-2241. [PMID: 38193761 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03692h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
We herein report the synthesis and catalytic application of a new family of dinuclear Cu(I) complexes based on [N,P]-pyrrole ligands. The Cu(I) complexes (4a-d) were obtained in good yields and their catalytic properties were evaluated in the1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides and electron-deficient alkenes. The air-stable complexes 4a-d exhibited high endo-diasteroselectivity to obtain substituted pyrrolidines, and the catalytic system showed excellent reactivity and wide substitution tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Alvarado-Castillo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, C.P. 04360 CdMx, Mexico.
- Departamento de Química Organica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Instituto Politécnico Nacional Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala, S/N, CdMx, 11340, Mexico
| | - Salvador Cortés-Mendoza
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, C.P. 04360 CdMx, Mexico.
| | - José E Barquera-Lozada
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, C.P. 04360 CdMx, Mexico.
| | - Francisco Delgado
- Departamento de Química Organica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Instituto Politécnico Nacional Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala, S/N, CdMx, 11340, Mexico
| | - Ruben A Toscano
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, C.P. 04360 CdMx, Mexico.
| | - M Carmen Ortega-Alfaro
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510 CdMx, Mexico
| | - José G López-Cortés
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, C.P. 04360 CdMx, Mexico.
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Wang ZH, Zhang T, Shen LW, Yang X, Zhang YP, You Y, Zhao JQ, Yuan WC. Diverse Synthesis of Fused Polyheterocyclic Compounds via [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of In Situ-Generated Heteroaromatic N-Ylides and Electron-Deficient Olefins. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114410. [PMID: 37298885 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
[3 + 2] Cycloaddition reactions of heteroaromatic N-ylides with electron-deficient olefins have been developed. The heteroaromatic N-ylides, in situ generated from N-phenacylbenzothiazolium bromides, can smoothly react with maleimides under very mild conditions, affording fused polycyclic octahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrroles in good-to-excellent isolated yields. This reaction concept could also be extended to 3-trifluoroethylidene oxindoles and benzylidenemalononitriles as electron-deficient olefins for accessing highly functionalized polyheterocyclic compounds. A gram-scale experiment was also carried out to verify the practicability of the methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hua Wang
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Li-Wen Shen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Xiu Yang
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhang
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yong You
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Zhao
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Yuan
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
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Niu T, Liu LX, Wu B, Zhou YG. Synthesis of Tridentate PNO Ligands with Planar Chirality and Application in Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Simple Ketones. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 36802570 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
A series of [2,2]paracyclophane-based tridentate PNO ligands with planar chirality were designed and synthesized. The easily prepared chiral tridentate PNO ligands were successfully applied to the iridium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of simple ketones, giving chiral alcohols with high efficiency and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% yield and >99% ee). Control experiments revealed the indispensability of both N-H and O-H in the ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Li-Xia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P. R. China
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