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Zhang T, Chen Z, Zhang W, Wang L, Yu G. Recent Progress of Fluorinated Conjugated Polymers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2403961. [PMID: 38830614 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, conjugated polymers have received widespread attention due to their characteristic advantages of light weight, favorable solution processability, and structural modifiability. Among various conjugated polymers, fluorinated ones have developed rapidly to achieve high-performance n-type or ambipolar polymeric semiconductors. The uniqueness of fluorinated conjugated polymers contains the high coplanarity of their structures, lower frontier molecular orbital energy levels, and strong nonbonding interactions. In this review, first the fluorinated building blocks, including fluorinated benzene and thiophene rings, fluorinated B←N bridged units, and fluoroalkyl side chains are summarized. Subsequently, different synthetic methods of fluorinated conjugated polymers are described, with a special focus on their respective advantages and disadvantages. Then, with these numerous fluorinated structures and appropriate synthetic methods bear in mind, the properties and applications of the fluorinated conjugated polymers, such as cyclopentadithiophene-, amide-, and imide-based polymers, and B←N embedded polymers, are systematically discussed. The introduction of fluorine atoms can further enhance the electron-deficiency of the backbone, influencing the charge carrier transport performance. The promising fluorinated conjugated polymers are applied widely in organic field-effect transistors, organic solar cells, organic thermoelectric devices, and other organic opto-electric devices. Finally, the outlook on the challenges and future development of fluorinated conjugated polymers is systematically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Wang Q, Wang M, Zheng K, Ye W, Zhang S, Wang B, Long X. High-Performance Room Temperature Ammonia Sensors Based on Pure Organic Molecules Featuring B-N Covalent Bond. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308483. [PMID: 38482745 PMCID: PMC11109643 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Exploring organic semiconductor gas sensors with high sensitivity and selectivity is crucial for the development of sensor technology. Herein, for the first time, a promising chemiresistive organic polymer P-BNT based on a novel π-conjugated triarylboron building block is reported, showcasing an excellent responsivity over 30 000 (Ra/Rg) against 40 ppm of NH3, which is ≈3300 times higher than that of its B-N organic small molecule BN-H. More importantly, a molecular induction strategy to weaken the bond dissociation energy between polymer and NH3 caused by strong acid-base interaction is further executed to optimize the response and recovery time. As a result, the BN-H/P-BNT system with rapid response and recovery times can still exhibit a high responsivity of 718, which is among the highest reported NH3 chemiresistive sensors. Supported by in situ FTIR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, it is revealed that the N-H fractions in BN-H small molecule promoted the charge distribution on phenyl groups, which increases charge delocalization and is more conducive to gas adsorption in such molecular systems. Notably, these distinctive small molecules also promoted charge transfer and enhanced electron concentration of the P-BNT sensing polymer, thus achieving superior B-N-containing organic molecules with excellent sensing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐fibers and Eco‐textilesCollaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao266071P. R. China
| | - Meilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐fibers and Eco‐textilesCollaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao266071P. R. China
| | - Kunpeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐fibers and Eco‐textilesCollaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao266071P. R. China
| | - Wanneng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐fibers and Eco‐textilesCollaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao266071P. R. China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Institute of Nanoscience and EngineeringHenan UniversityKaifeng475004P. R. China
| | - Binbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐fibers and Eco‐textilesCollaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao266071P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Long
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐fibers and Eco‐textilesCollaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological TextilesInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao266071P. R. China
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Zheng H, Li YX, Xiong WC, Wang XC, Gong SS, Pu S, Shi R, Sun Q. Mechanistic insights into diversified photoluminescence behaviours of BF 2 complexes of N-benzoyl 2-aminobenzothiazoles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:11611-11617. [PMID: 38546106 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00101j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Many BF2 complexes of heteroaromatics are well known for their dual-state emission (DSE) properties. However, AIE and ACQ effects have also been observed in certain cases. To date, no rational explanations have been proposed for these uncommon photoluminescence (PL) behaviours. The current research prepared four BF2 complexes of N-benzoyl 2-aminobenzothiazoles with diversified photoluminescence (PL) properties as model compounds and utilized quantum chemical calculation tools to address this issue. Theoretical calculations revealed that the electron-donating groups (EDGs) at the para-position of the exocyclic phenyl ring exert significant influence on their ground-state electronic structures and vertical excitation features. Potential energy curve (PEC) analysis showed that the exocyclic phenyl ring and NMe2 could not function as effective rotors due to elevated energy barriers. Only the NPh2 of BFBB-3 could spontaneously rotate ∼60° to induce the formation of an emissive twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) state. The two-channel model involving both vibronic relaxation and S0/S1 surface crossing revealed that the drastic narrowing of the S1/S0 energy gap in the region approaching minimun energy conical intersection (MECI) led to the generation of a dark state in BFBB-1. The small energy barrier to access the dark-state region makes the resulting fast internal conversion a competitive channel for excited-state deactivation. In contrast, the presence of EDGs in BFBB-2 and 4 inhibits this pathway, thereby resulting in intense fluorescence emissions in solution. In addition, crystallographic analysis illustrated that the F atoms perpendicular to the polyheterocycle promoted a slipped face-to-face packing mode and enhanced intermolecular interactions. The efficiencies of their solid-state emissions are mainly affected by the degree of π-π overlaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zheng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China.
| | - Yan-Xue Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China.
| | - Wen-Chao Xiong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China.
| | - Xing-Cong Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China.
| | - Shan-Shan Gong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China.
| | - Shouzhi Pu
- Department of Ecology and Environment, Yuzhang Normal University, Nanchang 330103, P. R. China.
| | - Rongwei Shi
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren, 554300, P. R. China.
| | - Qi Sun
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, 605 Fenglin Avenue, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China.
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Xu J, Zhang Y, Liu J, Wang L. NIR-II Absorbing Monodispersed Oligomers Based on N-B←N Unit. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310838. [PMID: 37635075 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Organic molecules with near-infrared II (NIR II) light absorption are essential for many biological and opto-electronic applications. Herein, we report monodispersed oligomers as NIR II light absorber using a new molecular design strategy of resonant N-B←N unit, i.e. balanced resonant boron-nitrogen covalent bond (B-N) and boron-nitrogen coordination bond (B←N). We synthesize a series of monodispersed oligomers with thiophene-fused 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (TB), which contains resonant N-B←N unit, as the repeating unit. The TB pentamer exhibits the maximum absorption wavelength of 1169 nm, which is the longest for oligomers reported so far. Organic photodetectors (OPDs) with the TB tetramer as the electron acceptor shows the specific detectivity of 2.98×1011 Jones at 1180 nm under zero bias. This performance is among the best for NIR II OPDs. These results indicate a new kind of NIR II absorbing molecules as excellent opto-electronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yingze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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A Cyano-Substituted Organoboron Electron-deficient Building Block for D-A Type Conjugated Polymers. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-023-2940-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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Chen J, Zhang W, Wang L, Yu G. Recent Research Progress of Organic Small-Molecule Semiconductors with High Electron Mobilities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210772. [PMID: 36519670 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic electronics has made great progress in the past decades, which is inseparable from the innovative development of organic electronic devices and the diversity of organic semiconductor materials. It is worth mentioning that both of these great advances are inextricably linked to the development of organic high-performance semiconductor materials, especially the representative n-type organic small-molecule semiconductor materials with high electron mobilities. The n-type organic small molecules have the advantages of simple synthesis process, strong intermolecular stacking, tunable molecular structure, and easy to functionalize structures. Furthermore, the n-type semiconductor is a remarkable and important component for constructing complementary logic circuits and p-n heterojunction structures. Therefore, n-type organic semiconductors play an extremely important role in the field of organic electronic materials and are the basis for the industrialization of organic electronic functional devices. This review focuses on the modification strategies of organic small molecules with high electron mobility at molecular level, and discusses in detail the applications of n-type small-molecule semiconductor materials with high mobility in organic field-effect transistors, organic light-emitting transistors, organic photodetectors, and gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Zhao X, An Q, Zhang H, Yang C, Mahmood A, Jiang M, Jee MH, Fu B, Tian S, Woo HY, Wang Y, Wang JL. Double Asymmetric Core Optimizes Crystal Packing to Enable Selenophene-based Acceptor with Over 18 % Efficiency in Binary Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216340. [PMID: 36591914 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Side-chain tailoring is a promising method to optimize the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, asymmetric alkyl chain-based small molecular acceptors (SMAs) are still difficult to afford. Herein, we adopted a novel asymmetric n-nonyl/undecyl substitution strategy and synthesized two A-D1 A'D2 -A double asymmetric isomeric SMAs with asymmetric selenophene-based central core for OSCs. Crystallographic analysis indicates that AYT9Se11-Cl forms a more compact and order intermolecular packing compared to AYT11Se9-Cl, which contributed to higher electron mobility in neat AYT9Se11-Cl film. Moreover, the PM6 : AYT9Se11-Cl blend film shows a better morphology with appropriate phase separation and distinct face-on orientation than PM6 : AYT11Se9-Cl. The OSCs with PM6 : AYT9Se11-Cl obtain a superior PCE of 18.12 % compared to PM6 : AYT11Se9-Cl (17.52 %), which is the best efficiency for the selenium-incorporated SMAs in binary BHJ OSCs. Our findings elucidate that the promising double asymmetric strategy with isomeric alkyl chains precisely modulates the crystal packing and enhances the photovoltaic efficiency of selenophene-incorporated SMAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering in Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qiaoshi An
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering in Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering in Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Can Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering in Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Asif Mahmood
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering in Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mengyun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering in Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Min Hun Jee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Bin Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 100872, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering in Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Yapei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 100872, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Liang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering in Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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Incorporation of a Boron-Nitrogen Covalent Bond Improves the Charge-Transport and Charge-Transfer Characteristics of Organoboron Small-Molecule Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020811. [PMID: 36677871 PMCID: PMC9861936 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
An organoboron small-molecular acceptor (OSMA) MB←N containing a boron-nitrogen coordination bond (B←N) exhibits good light absorption in organic solar cells (OSCs). In this work, based on MB←N, OSMA MB-N, with the incorporation of a boron-nitrogen covalent bond (B-N), was designed. We have systematically investigated the charge-transport properties and interfacial charge-transfer characteristics of MB-N, along with MB←N, using the density functional theory (DFT) and the time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). Theoretical calculations show that MB-N can simultaneously boost the open-circuit voltage (from 0.78 V to 0.85 V) and the short-circuit current due to its high-lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and the reduced energy gap. Moreover, its large dipole shortens stacking and greatly enhances electron mobility by up to 5.91 × 10-3 cm2·V-1·s-1. Notably, the excellent interfacial properties of PTB7-Th/MB-N, owing to more charge transfer states generated through the direct excitation process and the intermolecular electric field mechanism, are expected to improve OSCs performance. Together with the excellent properties of MB-N, we demonstrate a new OSMA and develop a new organoboron building block with B-N units. The computations also shed light on the structure-property relationships and provide in-depth theoretical guidance for the application of organoboron photovoltaic materials.
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Wang X, Tan X, Luo G, Huang J, Chen G. Weak Electron-Deficient Building Block Containing O–B ← N Bonds for Polymer Donors. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Xueyan Tan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Genggeng Luo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
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