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Wang S, Chen K, Niu J, Guo X, Yuan X, Yin J, Zhu B, Shi D, Guan W, Xiong T, Zhang Q. Copper-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Asymmetric Difunctionalization of Terminal Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202410833. [PMID: 38923633 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202410833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
We herein describe the first example of ligand-controlled, copper-catalyzed regiodivergent asymmetric difunctionalization of terminal alkynes through a cascade hydroboration and hydroallylation process. The catalytic system, consisting of (R)-DTBM-Segphos and CuBr, could efficiently achieve asymmetric 1,1-difunctionalization of aryl terminal alkynes, while ligand switching to (S,S)-Ph-BPE could result in asymmetric 1,2-difunctionalization exclusively. In addition, alkyl substituted terminal alkynes, especially industrially relevant acetylene and propyne, were also valid feedstocks for asymmetric 1,1-difunctionalization. This protocol is characterized by good functional group tolerance, a broad scope of substrates (>150 examples), and mild reaction conditions. We also showcase the value of this method in the late-stage functionalization of complicated bioactive molecules and simplifying the synthetic routes toward the key intermediacy of natural product (bruguierol A). Mechanistic studies combined with DFT calculations provide insight into the mechanism and origins of this ligand-controlled regio- and stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Wang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Junbo Niu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Xiaobing Guo
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Xiuping Yuan
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jianjun Yin
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Dazhen Shi
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Tao Xiong
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Zhang S, Zhao X, Qiu Y, Xiong Y, Meng G, Chen W, Liu Z, Zhang J. Electron Deficient Ir-O Bonds Promote Heterogeneous Ir-Catalyzed Anti-Markovnikov Hydroboration of Alkenes under Mild Neat Conditions. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:5165-5173. [PMID: 38630980 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Tuning electronic characteristics of metal-ligand bonds based on reaction pathways to achieve efficient catalytic processes has been widely studied and proven to be feasible in homogeneous catalysis, but it is scarcely investigated in heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, we demonstrate the regulation of the electronic configuration of Ir-O bonds in an Ir single-atom catalyst according to the borane activation mechanism. Ir-O bonds in Ir1/Ni(OH)x are found to be more electron-poor than those in Ir1/NiOx. Despite the mild solvent-free conditions and ambient temperature, Ir1/Ni(OH)x exhibits outstanding performance for the hydroboration of alkenes, furnishing the desired alkylboronic esters with a turnover frequency value of ≤3060 h-1 and 99% anti-Markovnikov selectivity, which is significantly better than that of Ir1/NiOx (42 h-1). It is further proven that the more electron-poor Ir-O bonds as active centers are more oxidative and so benefit the activation of the H-B bond in the reductive pinacolborane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xudong Zhao
- College of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Yajun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Ge Meng
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Zhiliang Liu
- College of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
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Baumann JE, Chung CP, Lalic G. Stereoselective Copper-Catalyzed Olefination of Imines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316521. [PMID: 38100274 PMCID: PMC10977923 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Alkenes are an important class of organic molecules found among synthetic intermediates and bioactive compounds. They are commonly synthesized through stoichiometric Wittig-type olefination of carbonyls and imines, using ylides or their equivalents. Despite the importance of Wittig-type olefination reactions, their catalytic variants remain underdeveloped. We explored the use of transition metal catalysis to form ylide equivalents from readily available starting materials. Our investigation led to a new copper-catalyzed olefination of imines with alkenyl boronate esters as coupling partners. We identified a heterobimetallic complex, obtained by hydrocupration of the alkenyl boronate esters, as the key catalytic intermediate that serves as an ylide equivalent. The high E-selectivity observed in the reaction is due to the stereoselective addition of this intermediate to an imine, followed by stereospecific anti-elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Baumann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, 109 Bagley Hall, 98195, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Crystal P Chung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, 109 Bagley Hall, 98195, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gojko Lalic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, 109 Bagley Hall, 98195, Seattle, WA, USA
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Li H, Bai T. Theoretical study of copper hydride complexes catalyzing terminal alkyne hydroalkylation for C(sp 2)-C(sp 3) bond formation. Dalton Trans 2023; 53:153-161. [PMID: 38018369 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03514j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
This study applies Density Functional Theory (DFT) to theoretically investigate the reaction mechanism of a copper complex catalyst facilitating the reaction between a terminal alkyne and α-bromo amide, enabling the formation of E-alkenes through C(sp2)-C(sp3) coupling. Initially, the study explores the reaction mechanism, identifying the predominant reaction pathway and the rate-determining step. Next, we discuss the addition reaction mode of copper hydride with terminal alkynes, determining the causes of regional and stereoselectivity. Subsequently, the reaction mechanism between the alkenyl copper intermediate and α-bromo amide is examined, including the discussion of alkyl fragment activation and introduction methods. Furthermore, the role of NHC ligands in catalyzing the single electron transfer process for C-Br bond activation is investigated. Finally, we analyze and discuss the reasons for the high energy barrier of the non-radical pathway. These investigations not only deepen our understanding of the reaction mechanisms of terminal alkynes and α-bromo amide catalyzed by copper but also provide valuable guidance for the future design of more efficient catalysts and reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China.
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Solar Chemical Conversion Technology, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Taiming Bai
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China.
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Solar Chemical Conversion Technology, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China
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Levi Knippel J, Ni AZ, Schuppe AW, Buchwald SL. A General Strategy for the Asymmetric Preparation of α-Stereogenic Allyl Silanes, Germanes, and Boronate Esters via Dual Copper Hydride- and Palladium-Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212630. [PMID: 36137941 PMCID: PMC9828222 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
α-Stereogenic allyl metalloids are versatile synthetic intermediates which can undergo various stereocontrolled transformations. Most existing methods to prepare α-stereogenic allyl metalloids involve multi-step sequences that curtail the number of compatible substrates and are limited to the synthesis of boronates. Here, we report a general method for the enantioselective preparation of α-stereogenic allyl metalloids utilizing dual CuH- and Pd-catalysis. This approach leverages a stereoretentive Cu-to-Pd transmetalation of an in situ generated alkyl copper species to allow access to enantioenriched allyl silanes, germanes, and boronate esters with broad functional group compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Levi Knippel
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AveCambridgeMA 02139USA
| | - Anton Z. Ni
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AveCambridgeMA 02139USA
| | - Alexander W. Schuppe
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AveCambridgeMA 02139USA
| | - Stephen L. Buchwald
- Department of ChemistryMassachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AveCambridgeMA 02139USA
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