1
|
Zhu P, Zhao Y, Ling S, Xu B, Liu H, Li X, Sun FG. Nickel-Catalyzed Desulfurative Cross-Coupling of Aryl Iodides with Heteroaromatic Thioethers via C-S Bond Cleavage. J Org Chem 2024; 89:12001-12009. [PMID: 39145751 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we present a Ni-catalyzed direct cross-coupling of heteroaromatic thioethers with aryl iodides via selective C(sp2)-S bond cleavage under reductive conditions, thereby providing various biaryl frameworks with high efficiency. Mechanistic studies suggested Mo(CO)6 played a crucial role in facilitating the activation of the C(sp2)-S bond. This protocol demonstrated a wide substrate scope, operational simplicity, and good functional group compatibility. Furthermore, the utility of this reaction was highlighted by facile scale-up and sequential modification of heteroaryl frameworks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pingliang Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Shaowen Ling
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Baolong Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Xinjin Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Gang Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hirbawi N, Raffman ETA, Pedroarena JR, McGinnis TM, Jarvo ER. Sacrificial Anode-Free Electrochemical Cross-Electrophile Coupling of 1,3-Diol Derivatives to Form Aliphatic and Aryl Cyclopropanes. Org Lett 2024; 26:6556-6561. [PMID: 39082621 PMCID: PMC11320640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Cross-electrophile coupling reactions that forge C(sp3)-C(sp3) bonds are strategic methods for the synthesis of molecules with high F(sp3), yet very few employ electrochemical conditions as the necessary reductant. Herein, we report an electrochemical intramolecular cross-electrophile coupling reaction of 1,3-diol derivatives to access aliphatic and aryl cyclopropanes, including spirocyclic and fused bicyclic cyclopropanes. The scalable electrochemical cross-electrophile coupling (eXEC) reaction employs a nonsacrificial anode in an undivided cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James R. Pedroarena
- Department of Chemistry, University
of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Tristan M. McGinnis
- Department of Chemistry, University
of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Elizabeth R. Jarvo
- Department of Chemistry, University
of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fan C, Dhawa U, Qian D, Sakic D, Morel J, Hu X. Regiodivergent and Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyclic Sulfones via Ligand-Controlled Nickel-Catalyzed Hydroalkylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202406767. [PMID: 38682392 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Cyclic sulfones have demonstrated important applications in drug discovery. However, the catalytic and enantioselective synthesis of chiral cyclic sulfones remains challenging. Herein, we develop nickel-catalyzed regiodivergent and enantioselective hydroalkylation of sulfolenes to streamline the synthesis of chiral alkyl cyclic sulfones. The method has broad scope and high functional group tolerance. The regioselectivity can be controlled by ligands only. A neutral PYROX ligand favors C3-alkylation whereas an anionic BOX ligand favors C2-alkylation. This control is kinetic in origin as the C2-bound Ni intermediates are always thermodynamically more stable. Reactivity study of a wide range of relevant Ni intermediates reveal a NiI/NiIII catalytic cycle with a NiII-H species as the resting state. The regio- and enantio-determining step is the insertion of this NiII-H species into 2-sulfolene. This work provides an efficient catalytic method for the synthesis of an important class of organic compounds and enhances the mechanistic understanding of Ni-catalyzed stereoselective hydroalkylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fan
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Uttam Dhawa
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Deyun Qian
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Davor Sakic
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jennifer Morel
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xile Hu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zeng XW, Lin JN, Shu W. Hydrogen Source Tuned Regiodivergent Asymmetric Hydroalkylations of 2-Substituted 1,3-Dienes with Aldehydes by Cobalt-Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403073. [PMID: 38567830 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Catalytic methods allowing for the reliable prediction and control of diverse regioselectivity along with the control of enantioselectivity to access different regio- and enantiomers by switching the least reaction parameters are one of the most attractive ways in organic synthesis, which provide access to diverse enantioenriched architectures from identical starting materials. Herein, a Co-catalyzed regiodivergent and enantioselective reductive hydroalkylation of 1,3-dienes with aldehydes has been achieved, furnishing different enantioenriched homoallylic alcohol architectures in good levels of enantioselectivity. The reaction features the switch of regioselectivity tuned by the selection of proton source. The use of an acid as proton source provided asymmetric 1,2-hydroalkylation products under reductive conditions, yet asymmetric 4,3-hydroalkylation products were obtained with silane as hydride source. This catalytic protocol allows for the access of homoallylic alcohols with two continuous saturated carbon centers in good levels of regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Wang Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Guangming Advanced Research Institute and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Ni Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Guangming Advanced Research Institute and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shu
- Department of Chemistry, Guangming Advanced Research Institute and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee C, Kim M, Han S, Kim D, Hong S. Nickel-Catalyzed Hydrofluorination in Unactivated Alkenes: Regio- and Enantioselective C-F Bond Formation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9375-9384. [PMID: 38512796 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Catalytic formation of a regio- and enantioselective C-F bond chiral center from readily available alkenes is a crucial goal, yet it continues to pose significant challenges in organic synthesis. Here, we report the regioselective formation of C-F bonds facilitated by NiH catalysis and a coordination directing strategy that enables precise hydrofluorination of both terminal and internal alkenes. Notably, we have optimized this methodology to achieve high enantioselectivity in creating aliphatic C-F stereogenic centers especially with β,γ-alkenyl substrates, using a tailored chiral Bn-BOx ligand. Another pivotal finding in our research is the identification of the (+)-nonlinear effect under optimized conditions, allowing for high enantioselectivity even with moderately enantiomerically enriched chiral ligands. Given the significant role of fluorine in pharmaceuticals and synthetic materials, this research offers essential insights into the regioselective and enantioselective formation of C-F bond chiral centers, paving the way for the efficient production of valuable fluorinated compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changseok Lee
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Minseok Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seunghoon Han
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rodrigalvarez J, Haut FL, Martin R. Regiodivergent sp3 C-H Functionalization via Ni-Catalyzed Chain-Walking Reactions. JACS AU 2023; 3:3270-3282. [PMID: 38155646 PMCID: PMC10751781 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic translocation of a metal catalyst along a saturated hydrocarbon side chain constitutes a powerful strategy for enabling bond-forming reactions at remote, yet previously unfunctionalized, sp3 C-H sites. In recent years, Ni-catalyzed chain-walking reactions have offered counterintuitive strategies for forging sp3 architectures that would be difficult to accomplish otherwise. Although these strategies have evolved into mature tools for advanced organic synthesis, it was only recently that chemists showed the ability to control the motion at which the catalyst "walks" throughout the alkyl chain. Specialized ligand backbones, additives and a judicious choice of noninnocent functional groups on the side chain have allowed the design of "a la carte" protocols that enable regiodivergent bond-forming scenarios at different sp3 C-H sites with distinct topological surface areas. Given the inherent interest in increasing the fraction of sp3 hybridized carbons in medicinal chemistry, Ni-catalyzed regiodivergent chain-walking reactions might expedite the access to target leads in drug discovery campaigns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Rodrigalvarez
- The
Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Franz-Lucas Haut
- The
Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ruben Martin
- The
Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Z, Li J, Xi C. Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Allylation of Aldehydes with Allylic Alcohols in the Presence of CO 2. Org Lett 2023; 25:8178-8182. [PMID: 37933552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
CO2-assisted and Ni-catalyzed direct reductive allylation of aldehydes utilizing allylic alcohols as allylic precursor has been reported. Various homoallyl alcohols could be synthesized in excellent yield with enhanced regioselectivity and stereoselectivity for alkyl- and aryl-substituted aldehydes under mild conditions. For different substrates, proper collocation of the catalytic precursor and ligand is crucial. Preliminary mechanistic studies supported the reaction pathway through a sequential allyl hydrocarbonate formation/allylnickelation/coordination insertion process by the Ni(I)/Ni(III) catalytic cycle, which has been proven by cyclic voltammetry analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayuan Li
- MOE Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Chanjuan Xi
- MOE Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gao MY, Gosmini C. Cobalt-Catalyzed Reductive Cross-Coupling To Construct Csp 3-Csp 3 Bonds via Csp 3-S and Csp 3-X Bonds Activation. Org Lett 2023; 25:7689-7693. [PMID: 37851934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
A cross-electrophilic coupling of benzyl sulfonium salts with alkyl halides forming Csp3-Csp3 bonds is described by using a Co-based catalytic system. The activation of the stable Csp3-S bond of benzyl sulfonium salts under mild reaction conditions leads to various functionalized alkyl derivatives. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest the involvement of alkyl radicals formed from both alkyl halides and benzyl sulfoniums through a single electron transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yu Gao
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, CNRS Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Corinne Gosmini
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, CNRS Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang W, Yan X, Ye F, Zheng S, Huang G, Yuan W. Nickel/Photoredox Dual-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Aminoalkylation of Unactivated Alkyl Halides. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:23385-23394. [PMID: 37824756 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
A mild and regiodivergent aminoalkylation of unactivated alkyl halides is disclosed via a dual photoredox/nickel catalysis. Bipyridyl-type ligands without an ortho-substituent control the site-selective coupling at the original position, while ortho-disubstituted ligands tune the site-selectivity at a remote, unprefunctionalized position. Mechanistic studies combined with DFT calculations give insight into the mechanism and the origins of the ligand-controlled regioselectivity. Notably, this redox-neutral, regiodivergent alkyl-alkyl coupling features mild conditions, broad substrate scope for both alkyl coupling partners, and excellent site-selectivity and offers a straightforward way for α-alkylation of tertiary amines to synthesize structurally diverse alkylamines and value-added amino acid derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyuan Yan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu Ye
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Songlin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiming Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|