1
|
Snoussi Y, Gonzalez-Miranda D, Pedregal T, Besbes N, Bouaid A, Ladero M. K 2CO 3-Modified Smectites as Basic Catalysts for Glycerol Transcarbonation to Glycerol Carbonate. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2442. [PMID: 38397119 PMCID: PMC10889115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel and cost-effective heterogeneous catalyst for glycerol carbonate production through transesterification was developed by impregnating smectite clay with K2CO3. Comprehensive structural and chemical analyses, including X-ray diffraction Analysis (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)-Electron Dispersion Spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis measurements, were employed to characterize the catalysts. Among the various catalysts prepared, the one impregnated with 40 wt% K2CO3 on smectite and calcined at 550 °C exhibited the highest catalytic activity, primarily due to its superior basicity. To enhance the efficiency of the transesterification process, several reaction parameters were optimized, including the molar ratio between propylene carbonate and glycerol reactor loading of the catalyst and reaction temperature. The highest glycerol carbonate conversion rate, approximately 77.13% ± 1.2%, was achieved using the best catalyst under the following optimal conditions: 2 wt% reactor loading, 110 °C reaction temperature, 2:1 propylene carbonate to glycerol molar ratio, and 6h reaction duration. Furthermore, both the raw clay and the best calcined K2CO3-impregnated catalysts demonstrated remarkable stability, maintaining their high activity for up to four consecutive reaction cycles. Finally, a kinetic analysis was performed using kinetic data from several runs employing raw clay and the most active K2CO3-modified clay at different temperatures, observing that a simple reversible second-order potential kinetic model of the quasi-homogeneous type fits perfectly to such data in diverse temperature ranges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yosra Snoussi
- Groupe de Chimie Organique Verte et Appliquée, Laboratoire des Matériaux Composites et des Minéraux Argileux, Centre National des Recherches en Sciences des Matériaux, Technopole Borj Cédria, Soliman 8027, Tunisia; (Y.S.); (N.B.)
- Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis, Université de Tunis El-Manar, Tunis 2019, Tunisia
| | - David Gonzalez-Miranda
- FQPIMA Group, Materials and Chemical Engineering Department, Chemical Science School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.-M.); (T.P.)
| | - Tomás Pedregal
- FQPIMA Group, Materials and Chemical Engineering Department, Chemical Science School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.-M.); (T.P.)
| | - Néji Besbes
- Groupe de Chimie Organique Verte et Appliquée, Laboratoire des Matériaux Composites et des Minéraux Argileux, Centre National des Recherches en Sciences des Matériaux, Technopole Borj Cédria, Soliman 8027, Tunisia; (Y.S.); (N.B.)
- Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis, Université de Tunis El-Manar, Tunis 2019, Tunisia
| | - Abderrahim Bouaid
- FQPIMA Group, Materials and Chemical Engineering Department, Chemical Science School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.-M.); (T.P.)
| | - Miguel Ladero
- FQPIMA Group, Materials and Chemical Engineering Department, Chemical Science School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.-M.); (T.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sadjadi S, Heydari A. Palladated Cyclodextrin Nanosponge-Alginate Dual Bead as an Efficient Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes in Aqueous Solution. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3240. [PMID: 37571132 PMCID: PMC10422427 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we present a novel composite material consisting of β-cyclodextrin nanosponge and sodium alginate, used as a support for the immobilization of palladium (Pd) nanoparticles. The composite alginate-cyclodextrin nanosponge beads were prepared, taking advantage of the 3D polymeric network and β-cyclodextrin cavity of the nanosponge. These beads exhibited excellent encapsulation capabilities for hydrophobic substrates, allowing their transfer in aqueous media. The cyclodextrin nanosponge served as a stabilizer for Pd nanoparticles and facilitated phase transfer. Additionally, the sodium alginate bead contributed to the robustness of the structure and improved the recovery and recyclability of the composite material. Comparative studies with control catalysts confirmed the beneficial effect of incorporating cyclodextrin nanosponge within alginate beads, particularly for more hydrophobic substrates. Optimization of reaction conditions revealed that employing 0.03 g of catalyst per mmol of nitroarene at 45 °C resulted in the maximum yield within 90 min. Evaluation of the substrate scope demonstrated the hydrogenation capability of various substrates with different electronic properties under the developed protocol. Notably, the nitro group was selectively reduced in substrates featuring competing functionalities. Furthermore, the recyclability and stability of the composite catalyst were confirmed, making it a promising candidate for sustainable catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samahe Sadjadi
- Gas Conversion Department, Faculty of Petrochemicals, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box 14975-112, Tehran 14977-13115, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Heydari
- Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pd on cyclotriphosphazen-hexa imine decorated boehmite as an efficient catalyst for hydrogenation of nitro arenes under mild reaction condition. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15040. [PMID: 36057643 PMCID: PMC9440888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19288-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclotriphosphazen-hexa imine ligand was prepared through successive reactions of phosphonitrilchloride trimer with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and (3-aminopropyl) triethoxy silane. The as-prepared ligand was then covalently grafted on boehmite to furnish an efficient support for the immobilization of Pd nanoparticles and synthesis of a novel heterogeneous catalyst for hydrogenation of nitro arenes. The catalytic tests revealed that the catalyst had excellent catalytic activity for hydrogenation of various nitro arenes with different steric and electronic features under mild reaction condition in aqueous media. Noteworthy, the catalyst was highly selective and in the substrates with ketone or aldehyde functionalities, reduction of nitro group was only observed. The catalyst was also recyclable and only slight loss of activity was detected after each recycling run. Hot filtration test also approved true heterogeneous nature of catalysis.
Collapse
|
4
|
Shafiei-Irannejad V, Rahimkhoei V, Molaparast M, Akbari A. Synthesis and characterization of novel hybrid nanomaterials based on β-cyclodextrine grafted halloysite nanotubes for delivery of doxorubicin to MCF-7 cell line. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
5
|
Shams A, Sadjadi S, Duran J, Simon S, Poater A, Bahri‐Laleh N. Effect of support hydrophobicity of halloysite based catalysts on the PAO hydrofinishing performance. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Shams
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Samahe Sadjadi
- Gas Conversion Department, Faculty of Petrochemicals Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute Tehran Iran
| | - Josep Duran
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona Girona Catalonia Spain
| | - Sílvia Simon
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona Girona Catalonia Spain
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona Girona Catalonia Spain
| | - Naeimeh Bahri‐Laleh
- Polymerization Engineering Department Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI) Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sadjadi S, Abedian-Dehaghani N, Heravi MM. Pd on thermo-responsive composite of silica-coated carbon nanotube and 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium-based ionic liquid copolymers as an efficient catalyst for hydrogenation of nitro compounds. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3972. [PMID: 35273229 PMCID: PMC8913645 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, an ionic liquid-containing thermo-responsive heterogeneous catalyst with utility for promoting hydrogenation of nitro-compounds in aqueous media is developed. To prepare the catalyst, silica-coated carbon nanotubes were synthesized and vinyl-functionalized. The resulted compound was then polymerized with 1-viny-3-butylimidazolium bromide and N-isopropylacrylamide. The obtained ionic liquid-containing thermo-responsive composite was palladated via wet-impregnation method to give the final catalyst. Study of the performance of the catalyst confirmed high catalytic activity of the catalyst at temperature above the lower critical solution temperature. Furthermore, the catalyst was highly recyclable and showed negligible Pd leaching upon recycling. Broad substrate scope and selectivity of the catalyst towards reduction of nitro functionality were also confirmed. Furthermore, hot filtration test implied the heterogeneous nature of the catalysis. The comparison of the activity of Pd/CNT-P with some control catalysts approved the importance of hybridization of P and CNT and the presence of ionic liquid for the catalytic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samahe Sadjadi
- Gas Conversion Department, Faculty of Petrochemicals, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, PO Box 14975-112, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Neda Abedian-Dehaghani
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, PO Box 1993891176, Vanak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid M Heravi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, PO Box 1993891176, Vanak, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sadjadi S, Koohestani F. Pd on imidazolium ionic liquid modified halloysite: A potent catalyst for the hydrogenation of nitro-compounds under mild reaction condition. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
8
|
Palladated composite of Cu-BDC MOF and perlite as an efficient catalyst for hydrogenation of nitroarenes. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
9
|
Palladated composite of MOF and cyclodextrin nanosponge: A novel catalyst for hydrogenation reaction. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
10
|
Pd on the Composite of Perlite and Allylamine-N-isopropylacrylamide Copolymer: A Thermo-Responsive Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes under Mild Reaction Condition. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11111334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel thermo-responsive catalyst for the hydrogenation of nitroarenes under mild reaction condition was devised. To prepare the catalyst, a thermo-responsive polymer was first synthesized through the co-polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide and allylamine and then covalently grafted on the Cl-functionalized perlite. The resulting composite was subsequently utilized as a support for the stabilization of Pd nanoparticles. Investigation of the catalytic activity of the catalyst approved its high catalytic activity at a temperature above the lower critical solution temperature. More precisely, 0.03 g of the catalyst can promote the reaction of 1 mmol of nitro-compounds in H2O/EtOH (1:1) at 45 °C to furnish the corresponding products in 70–100% yields. This issue was assigned to the collapse of the polymeric component and formation of a hydrophobic environment that was beneficial for the mass-transfer of the hydrophobic nitroarenes. Notably, the catalytic activity of the catalyst was higher than that of palladated perlite and thermos-responsive polymer due to the synergistic effects between the perlite and polymeric moiety. Furthermore, the study of the substrate scope confirmed that a wide range of substrates with different steric and electronic properties could tolerate hydrogenation reaction. Moreover, the catalyst was highly selective toward hydrogenation of the nitro group and could be recycled up to seven runs with insignificant Pd leaching and loss of catalytic activity. The hot filtration test also confirmed the heterogeneous nature of the catalysis.
Collapse
|
11
|
Xin Y, Chen J, Yang Z, Zhang J. Synthesis of a Stable Benzoxazole Gel from an Imine Gel for Adsorption and Catalysis. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:5531-5539. [PMID: 33913320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Developing stable gel materials for adsorption and catalysis is one of the major themes of gel materials. However, it has been proven to be challenging to achieve them from small molecules. Herein, an imine gel is developed from tetra-aldehyde 4-{2,2-bis[(4-formylphenoxy)methyl]-3-(4-formylphenoxy)propoxy}benzaldehyde (A4) and 3,3'-dihydroxybenzidine (B2) based on dynamic covalent chemistry. The unstable A4B2-imine gel is further converted into a stable aromatic benzoxazole-linked A4B2-benzoxazole gel via oxidative cyclization, which has significantly improved chemical stability under acidic and basic conditions. Benefiting from the stability under acidic conditions, the A4B2-benzoxazole gel is used for Pd(II) adsorption and the adsorption capacity is 250 mg g-1. After PdCl2 immersion and reduction, palladium nanoparticles with a size distribution of 1.3-14.7 nm are encapsulated by the network structure of the stable porous benzoxazole gel matrix. The Pd@A4B2-benzoxazole gel exhibits high catalytic activity toward the reduction of toxic hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) (reaction rate constant = 0.0377 min-1), while there is no significant decrease in the catalytic efficiency after five cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xin
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Junxing Chen
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zujin Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jianyong Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Molnár Á. Synthetic Application of Cyclodextrins in Combination with Metal Ions, Complexes, and Metal Particles. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Árpád Molnár
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Szeged Dóm tér 8 6720 Szeged Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sadjadi S, Koohestani F, Heravi MM. Fabrication of a metal free catalyst for chemical reactions through decoration of chitosan with ionic liquid terminated dendritic moiety. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19666. [PMID: 33184399 PMCID: PMC7661698 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76795-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In attempt to develop a biocompatible metal-free catalyst, a dendritic moiety was grown on chitosan through successive reactions with 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine and ethylenediamine. Subsequently, the terminal functional groups of the dendron were decorated with 1-methylimidazolium chloride. The catalyst was characterized with SEM, EDS, TGA, FTIR, XRD and mapping analysis. Then, the catalytic activity of the resultant composite was scrutinized for catalyzing Knoevenagel condensation and synthesis of xanthene derivatives in aqueous media under mild reaction condition. The results confirmed high activity of the catalyst, superior to ionic liquid free counterpart and bare chitosan. This observation was ascribed to the instinct catalytic activity of ionic liquid. Moreover, using control catalysts, it was confirmed that the presence of the dendritic moiety that could increase the content of ionic liquid on the backbone of the catalyst enhanced the catalytic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samahe Sadjadi
- Gas Conversion Department, Faculty of Petrochemicals, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, PO Box 14975-112, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Koohestani
- Gas Conversion Department, Faculty of Petrochemicals, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, PO Box 14975-112, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid M Heravi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Alzahra University, Vanak, PO Box 1993891176, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pd immobilized on hybrid of magnetic graphene quantum dots and cyclodextrin decorated chitosan: An efficient hydrogenation catalyst. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 150:441-448. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
15
|
Sadjadi S, Koohestani F. Pd immobilized on polymeric network containing imidazolium salt, cyclodextrin and carbon nanotubes: Efficient and recyclable catalyst for the hydrogenation of nitroarenes in aqueous media. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
16
|
Sadjadi S, Ghoreyshi Kahangi F, Heravi MM. Pd stabilized on nanocomposite of halloysite and β-cyclodextrin derived carbon: An efficient catalyst for hydrogenation of nitroarene. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.114210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|