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Akhavan M, Esam Z, Mirshafa A, Lotfi M, Pourmand S, Ashori F, Rabani M, Ekbatani G, Tourani S, Beheshti R, Keshavarzian Z, Ghanbarimasir Z, Bekhradnia A. Green synthesis, in silico modeling, and biological evaluation of N-substituted ( Z)-5-arylidene imidazolidine/thiazolidine-2,4-dione/4-thione derivatives catalyzed by Bu SO 3H core-shell nanostructures. RSC Adv 2024; 14:22916-22938. [PMID: 39035715 PMCID: PMC11259107 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03881a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In this effort, the immobilization of guanidine-sulfonate on the surface of Fe3O4 MNPs (magnetic nanoparticles) as a novel acid nanocatalyst has been successfully reported for the synthesis of N-substituted (Z)-5-arylidene thiazolidine-2,4-dione and related cyclic derivatives, including rhodanine (RHD) and hydantoin (HYD) via a one-pot multiple-component reaction under green conditions. The products were characterized by SEM, TEM, TGA, EDS, BET techniques, VSM, and FTIR. The novel compounds synthesized using this methodology, designated as series La (1-9), Lb (1-8), and Lc (1-8), were subjected to anticancer screening against A549 and MCF7cell lines via MTT assays. Notably, several compounds (L1a, L2a, L3a, L1b, L2b, L3b, and L4b) exhibited potent antiproliferative activities, with observed IC50 values as low as 1.23 μM and 1.02 μM against MCF-7 cells, thereby outperforming the established anticancer drugs doxorubicin and cisplatin. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations revealed that ligands L1a, L2a, and L3a strongly interact with the protein target 3CD8, with L1a displaying significant hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions and L2a engaging in unique pi-pi stacking with key residues. For protein 2WGJ, ligand L4b exhibited exceptional binding affinity, characterized by robust hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and additional stabilizing mechanisms such as water bridges and pi interactions. Hence, N-substituted (Z)-5-arylidene thiazolidine-2,4-dione and its cyclic derivatives may serve as promising candidates for further exploration in the development of new multi-target cancer chemotherapy agents. These findings introduce promising anticancer agents and establish Fe3O4 MNPs as a versatile and environmentally sustainable catalytic platform in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Akhavan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | - Zohreh Esam
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
| | - Atefeh Mirshafa
- Ramsar Campus, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Ramsar Iran
| | - Maryam Lotfi
- Department of Chemistry, NOVA, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa Portugal
| | - Saeed Pourmand
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tabriz University of Chemical Engineering Tabriz Iran
| | - Froug Ashori
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | - Motahare Rabani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | - Golbahar Ekbatani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | - Saeed Tourani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | - Reza Beheshti
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | - Zahra Keshavarzian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | - Zahra Ghanbarimasir
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran Babolsar Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Bekhradnia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
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Esam Z, Akhavan M, Mirshafa A, Bekhradnia A. Green synthesis, anti-proliferative evaluation, docking, and MD simulations studies of novel 2-piperazinyl quinoxaline derivatives using hercynite sulfaguanidine-SA as a highly efficient and reusable nanocatalyst. RSC Adv 2023; 13:25229-25245. [PMID: 37622018 PMCID: PMC10445084 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03305h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the immobilization of sulfaguanidine-SA on the surface of FeAl2O4 (hercynite) MNPs (magnetic nanoparticles) as a novel acid nanocatalyst has been successfully reported for the synthesis of 2-(piperazin-1-yl) quinoxaline derivatives via a one-pot multiple-component reaction under green conditions. The products were characterized by SEM, TEM, TGA, EDS, BET technique, VSM, and FTIR. This series of novel 2-piperazinyl quinoxaline derivatives containing isatin-based thio/semicarbazones and/or Schiff bases of Metformin were evaluated for anticancer activity against both human ovarian and colon-derived tumor cell lines by MTT colorimetric assay. Although most of the investigated hybrid compounds exhibited excellent anti-proliferative activities and high selectivity index (SI) values, the promising compounds N'-[4-(quinoxaline-2-yl)-piperazine-1-yl]methyl-5-chloro-1-H-indole,2,3-dion-3-metformin 4c and N'-[4-(quinoxaline-2-yl)-piperazine-1-yl]methyl-5-bromo-1-H-indole,2,3-dion-3-metformin 4b proved to be the most potent anti-proliferative agents (IC50 values < 1 μM). Molecular docking and dynamics simulation suggest that these hybrid compounds can be wrapped in the catalytic cavity of c-Kit tyrosine kinase receptor and the binding pocket of P-glycoprotein with high scores. Thus, 2-piperazinyl quinoxaline linked isatin-based N-Mannich bases of metformin and/or thio/semicarbazones might be served as suitable candidates for further investigations to develop a new generation of multi-target cancer chemotherapy agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Esam
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Student Research Committee, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | - Malihe Akhavan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | - Atefeh Mirshafa
- Ramsar Campus, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Ramsar Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Bekhradnia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
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Esam Z, Akhavan M, Lotfi M, Bekhradnia A. Synthesis and In Silico Investigation of Isatin-Based Schiff Bases as Potential Inhibitors for Promising Targets against SARS-CoV-2. ChemistrySelect 2022; 7:e202201983. [PMID: 36718466 PMCID: PMC9878032 DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite the significant development in vaccines and therapeutics cocktails, there is no specific treatment available for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Targeting the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2, which possesses a key role in producing the essential viral structural and functional proteins, can be considered an efficient way to control this potentially lethal infection. Recently, some of Michael acceptor-pharmacophore containing inhibitors have been suggested as successful suppressors of the main protease. Here, we synthesized the Isatin-based Schiff bases possessing the structural pattern of a Michael acceptor-like portion employing synthesis procedures. In silico investigation of these compounds was not limited to the main protease. We have also evaluated their possible inhibitory activity against the other identified druggable targets using homology modeling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. Our investigations revealed that the dimethyl biguanide carrying Schiff bases of Isatin-derivatives have the best binding mode and interaction energy. The dimethyl biguanide moiety-containing compounds have formed promising interactions with the key amino acid residues Cys145 and HIS41 of Mpro with a binding free energy of -7.6 kcal/mol which was lower than the positive control compound Carmofur (-6.3 kcal/mol). It also leads to the higher affinity and the much inhibitory potential against the SARS-CoV-2 RdRp and Spike glycoproteins, human TMPRSS2, and ACE2 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Esam
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research CenterDepartment of Medicinal ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Malihe Akhavan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research CenterDepartment of Medicinal ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Maryam Lotfi
- The Multiscale Modeling Lab, ITQB NOVAAv. da Republica2780-157OeirasPortugal
| | - Ahmadreza Bekhradnia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research CenterDepartment of Medicinal ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
- Department of chemistry and biochemistry103CBBMontana State UniversityBozemanMT59717USA
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Norouzi FH, Foroughifar N, Khajeh-Amiri A, Pasdar H. A novel powerful Choline Chloride – Thiourea /Sulfuric Acid, efficient and recyclable catalyst via microwave‐assisted for the synthesis of Quinazolin- 4(3H)–one derivatives as Antibacterial Agents in green media. CURRENT MICROWAVE CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/2213335609666220324145341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Choline Chloride - Thiourea / Sulfuric Acid is a powerful and efficient green catalyst used for one-pot synthesis of quinazoline-4 (3H) -one derivatives via a reaction between various amines, acetic anhydride, and anthranilic acid under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions (4a-q). Microwave irradiation, which is a faster, more cost-effective, less energy-intensive, and more efficient method than conventional heating, has been used to synthesize some quinazolinone derivatives.
Introduction:
For the past ten years, one of the major subjects in synthetic organic chemistry has been green synthesis, which has used efficient and environmentally friendly methods to synthesize biological compounds. The use of catalysts has significant advantages, including ease of preparation and separation, chemical and thermal stability, and environmental friendliness due to features such as reusability, low cost, and efficient, easy workup techniques. Therefore, the mechanism is performed by a non-toxic organic catalyst that uses the least energy and chemical reactants in accordance with the principles of green chemistry and least waste.
Methods:
One-pot and sequential addition methods have been used to synthesize quinazolinone derivatives. In the sequential addition method, the reaction was started by adding acetic anhydride and anthranilic acid to the reaction vessel under microwave irradiation and continued by adding choline chloride thiourea / sulfuric acid as efficient recyclable green catalysts and the desired amine. In vitro, the well diffusion method against different pathogenic strains was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of quinazoline-4 (3H) -one derivatives. Pathogenic strains used were Candida albicans ATCC 10231 (yeast), Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 (fungus), Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 (bacteria) and ATCC 6538, and Staphylococcus aureus S. epidermidis ATCC 12228. Pyrimidine-containing compounds in which the 3-hydroxyl, 2,5-Dimethoxy, 4-bromo, 4 ‐ Methoxy, and 4 ‐ chloro groups are attached to the phenyl ring of pyrimidine exhibit antimicrobial properties.
Results:
In a short reaction time, a variety of biologically active quinazolinone derivatives were synthesized with a high efficiency. According to the results, it was found that with aliphatic amines, the reaction time was shorter and the reaction efficiency was higher. Products synthesized from aromatic amines had more antibacterial properties.
Conclusion:
In this work, a variety of 2-methyl-quinazoline-4 (3H) -one derivatives (4a–q) were synthesized as potent antibacterial agents under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions in the presence of ChCl-thiourea / H2SO4 as an efficient, eco-friendly, and recyclable catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Haji Norouzi
- Department of Chemistry, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Foroughifar
- Department of Chemistry, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hoda Pasdar
- Department of Chemistry, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Norouzi FH, Foroughifar N, Khajeh-Amiri A, Pasdar H. A novel superparamagnetic powerful guanidine-functionalized γ-Fe 2O 3 based sulfonic acid recyclable and efficient heterogeneous catalyst for microwave-assisted rapid synthesis of quinazolin-4(3 H)-one derivatives in Green media. RSC Adv 2021; 11:29948-29959. [PMID: 35480261 PMCID: PMC9040894 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05560g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel organic–inorganic nanohybrid superparamagnetic (γ-Fe2O3@CPTMS–guanidine@SO3H) nanocatalyst modified with sulfonic acid represents an efficient and green catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives via three-component condensation reaction between anthranilic acid, acetic anhydride and different amines under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions (4a–q). XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, TGA, VSM and EDX were used to characterize this new magnetic organocatalyst. Outstanding performance, short response time (15–30 min), simple operation, easy work-up procedure, and avoidance of toxic catalysts can be regarded as its significant advantages. Moreover, it can be easily separated from the reaction solution through magnetic decantation using an external magnet, and recycled at least six times without notable reduction in its activity. A novel organic–inorganic nanohybrid superparamagnetic nanocatalyst (γ-Fe2O3@CPTMS–guanidine@SO3H) represents an efficient and green catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives via a three-component condensation reaction.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Haji Norouzi
- Department of Chemistry, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Naser Foroughifar
- Department of Chemistry, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | | | - Hoda Pasdar
- Department of Chemistry, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
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Akhavan M, Bekhradnia A. Stereoselective synthesis of spirocyclic pyrrolidines/pyrrolizidines/pyrrolothiazolidines using l-proline functionalized manganese ferrite nanorods as a novel heterogeneous catalyst. RSC Adv 2021; 11:14755-14768. [PMID: 35423973 PMCID: PMC8698206 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00841b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient, green, one-pot, and three-component protocol has been reported for the stereoselective synthesis of a new class of spiro thiazolidines. A series of spiro-heterocycle derivatives were produced stereoselectively in high yields by the reaction of 5-arylidene thiazolidine-2,4-diones, isatin, and secondary amino acids in the presence of MnCoCuFe2O4@l-proline (MCCFe2O4@l-proline) magnetic nanorods as a novel nanocatalyst. The synthesized catalyst was fully characterized for thermal stability, magnetic properties, and other physicochemical properties via numerous techniques. It was applied as an efficient and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of endo-isomers of spirocyclic pyrrolidine/pyrrolizidine/pyrrolothiazolidine derivatives in high yield. The regioselectivity and stereochemistry of these heterocyclic spiro-compounds were established by 1H, 13C, HMBC, HSQC, and COSY NMR spectroscopy techniques. The main attractive characteristics of the presented protocol are high yield, high level of diastereoselectivity, and easy recovery of catalyst without significant loss of its catalytic activity. An efficient, green, one-pot, and three-component protocol has been reported for the stereoselective synthesis of a new class of spiro thiazolidines.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Akhavan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Bekhradnia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran .,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 103CBB, Montana State University Bozeman MT 59717 USA
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