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Thambiliyagodage C, Jayanetti M, Mendis A, Ekanayake G, Liyanaarachchi H, Vigneswaran S. Recent Advances in Chitosan-Based Applications-A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16052073. [PMID: 36903188 PMCID: PMC10004736 DOI: 10.3390/ma16052073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan derived from chitin gas gathered much interest as a biopolymer due to its known and possible broad applications. Chitin is a nitrogen-enriched polymer abundantly present in the exoskeletons of arthropods, cell walls of fungi, green algae, and microorganisms, radulae and beaks of molluscs and cephalopods, etc. Chitosan is a promising candidate for a wide variety of applications due to its macromolecular structure and its unique biological and physiological properties, including solubility, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and reactivity. Chitosan and its derivatives have been known to be applicable in medicine, pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, agriculture, the textile and paper industries, the energy industry, and industrial sustainability. More specifically, their use in drug delivery, dentistry, ophthalmology, wound dressing, cell encapsulation, bioimaging, tissue engineering, food packaging, gelling and coating, food additives and preservatives, active biopolymeric nanofilms, nutraceuticals, skin and hair care, preventing abiotic stress in flora, increasing water availability in plants, controlled release fertilizers, dye-sensitised solar cells, wastewater and sludge treatment, and metal extraction. The merits and demerits associated with the use of chitosan derivatives in the above applications are elucidated, and finally, the key challenges and future perspectives are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charitha Thambiliyagodage
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe 10115, Sri Lanka
| | - Madara Jayanetti
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe 10115, Sri Lanka
| | - Amavin Mendis
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe 10115, Sri Lanka
| | - Geethma Ekanayake
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe 10115, Sri Lanka
| | - Heshan Liyanaarachchi
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe 10115, Sri Lanka
| | - Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Sciences & Technology (RealTek), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
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Phutane P, Telange D, Agrawal S, Gunde M, Kotkar K, Pethe A. Biofunctionalization and Applications of Polymeric Nanofibers in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051202. [PMID: 36904443 PMCID: PMC10007057 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The limited ability of most human tissues to regenerate has necessitated the interventions namely autograft and allograft, both of which carry the limitations of its own. An alternative to such interventions could be the capability to regenerate the tissue in vivo.Regeneration of tissue using the innate capacity of the cells to regenerate is studied under the discipline of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). Besides the cells and growth-controlling bioactives, scaffolds play the central role in TERM which is analogous to the role performed by extracellular matrix (ECM) in the vivo. Mimicking the structure of ECM at the nanoscale is one of the critical attributes demonstrated by nanofibers. This unique feature and its customizable structure to befit different types of tissues make nanofibers a competent candidate for tissue engineering. This review discusses broad range of natural and synthetic biodegradable polymers employed to construct nanofibers as well as biofunctionalization of polymers to improve cellular interaction and tissue integration. Amongst the diverse ways to fabricate nanofibers, electrospinning has been discussed in detail along with advances in this technique. Review also presents a discourse on application of nanofibers for a range of tissues, namely neural, vascular, cartilage, bone, dermal and cardiac.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Phutane
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Datta Meghe College of Pharmacy, Wardha 442004, MH, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Darshan Telange
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Datta Meghe College of Pharmacy, Wardha 442004, MH, India
| | - Surendra Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Datta Meghe College of Pharmacy, Wardha 442004, MH, India
| | - Mahendra Gunde
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Datta Meghe College of Pharmacy, Wardha 442004, MH, India
| | - Kunal Kotkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, MH, India
| | - Anil Pethe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Datta Meghe College of Pharmacy, Wardha 442004, MH, India
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Vargas Osorio Z, Ruther FF, Chen S, Sengupta S, Liverani L, Michálek M, Galusek D, Boccaccini AR. Environmentally friendly fabrication of electrospun nanofibers made of polycaprolactone, chitosan and κ-carrageenan (PCL/CS/κ-C). Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [PMID: 35545079 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac6eaa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Electrospun fibers based on biodegradable polyanionic or polycationic biopolymers are highly beneficial for biomedical applications. In this work, electrospun nanofibers made from poly(epsilon caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (CS) and κ-carrageenan (κ-C) were successfully fabricated using several mixtures of benign solvents containing formic acid (FA) and acetic acid (AA). The addition of κ-carrageenan improved the preparation procedure for the production of PCL/CS fibers by electrospinning. Moreover, a polymer mixture was selected to be stored at -20 °C for one month with the purpose to study the properties of the resulting fiber mat. The results indicated that fiber characteristics were not seriously compromised compared to the ones of those fabricated with the original solution, which represents an important reduction in produced waste. Thus, the interactions that occur between positively and negatively charged hydrophilic polysaccharides might induce higher stability to the linear aliphatic polyester in the polymer mixture. All fiber mats were morphologically, physico-chemically and mechanically characterized, showing average fiber diameters in the nano scale. A direct cell viability assay using ST-2 cells demonstrated cell proliferation after 7 days of incubation for all prepared fiber mats, confirming their suitability as potential candidates for bone tissue engineering and wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulema Vargas Osorio
- Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Študentská 2, Trenčín, 911 50, SLOVAKIA
| | - Florian Florian Ruther
- Lehrstuhl für Biomaterialien, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg, Ulrich-Schalk-Straße, 3, Erlangen, Bayern, 91056, GERMANY
| | - Si Chen
- Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Študentská 2, Trenčín, 911 50, SLOVAKIA
| | - Susanta Sengupta
- Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Študentská 2, Trenčín, 91150, SLOVAKIA
| | - Liliana Liverani
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstraße 6, Erlangen, 91058, GERMANY
| | - Martin Michálek
- Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Študentská 2, Trenčín, 91150, SLOVAKIA
| | - Dušan Galusek
- Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Joint Glass Centre of the IIC SAS TnUAD FChPT STU, Študentská 2, Trenčín, 911 50, SLOVAKIA
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg, Cauerstraße 6, Erlangen, Bayern, 91054, GERMANY
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Heinemann C, Brünler R, Kreschel C, Kruppke B, Bernhardt R, Aibibu D, Cherif C, Wiesmann HP, Hanke T. Bioinspired calcium phosphate mineralization on Net-Shape-Nonwoven chitosan scaffolds stimulates human bone marrow stromal cell differentiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 14:045017. [PMID: 31170696 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab27a4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan fibers were processed using the Net-Shape-Nonwoven (NSN) technique in order to create porous scaffolds which were functionalized in two bioinspired ways: collagen type I coating and unique mineralization with organically modified hydroxyapatite (ormoHAP). While collagen is common to enhance cell attachment on surfaces, the electric-field assisted migration and deposition of ormoHAP on the surface of the NSN-scaffolds is a novel technique which enables sub-micrometer sized mineralization while maintaining the original pore structure. Microscopy revealed fast attachment and morphological adaptation of the cells on both, the pure and the functionalized NSN-scaffolds. Remarkably, the cell number of osteogenically induced hBMSC on ormoHAP-modified NSN-scaffolds increased 3.5-5 fold compared to pure NSN-scaffolds. Osteogenic differentiation of hBMSC/osteoblasts was highest on collagen-functionalized NSN-scaffolds. RT-PCR studies revealed gene expression of ALP, BSP II, and osteocalcin to be high for all NSN-scaffolds. Overall, the NSN-scaffold functionalization with collagen and ormoHAP improved attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of hBMSC and therefore revealed the remarkable potential of their application for the tissue engineering of bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Heinemann
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, D-01069, Germany
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Synthesis and characterization of a novel freeze‐dried silanated chitosan bone tissue engineering scaffold reinforced with electrospun hydroxyapatite nanofiber. POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Qasim SB, Zafar MS, Najeeb S, Khurshid Z, Shah AH, Husain S, Rehman IU. Electrospinning of Chitosan-Based Solutions for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E407. [PMID: 29385727 PMCID: PMC5855629 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning has been used for decades to generate nano-fibres via an electrically charged jet of polymer solution. This process is established on a spinning technique, using electrostatic forces to produce fine fibres from polymer solutions. Amongst, the electrospinning of available biopolymers (silk, cellulose, collagen, gelatine and hyaluronic acid), chitosan (CH) has shown a favourable outcome for tissue regeneration applications. The aim of the current review is to assess the current literature about electrospinning chitosan and its composite formulations for creating fibres in combination with other natural polymers to be employed in tissue engineering. In addition, various polymers blended with chitosan for electrospinning have been discussed in terms of their potential biomedical applications. The review shows that evidence exists in support of the favourable properties and biocompatibility of chitosan electrospun composite biomaterials for a range of applications. However, further research and in vivo studies are required to translate these materials from the laboratory to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad B Qasim
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, P.O. Box 45142, Riyadh 11512, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad S Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Shariq Najeeb
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Al-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh 361724, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Altaf H Shah
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh 11512, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shehriar Husain
- Department of Dental Materials, College of Dentistry, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi 75110, Pakistan.
| | - Ihtesham Ur Rehman
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK.
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Electrospinning and microfluidics. ELECTROFLUIDODYNAMIC TECHNOLOGIES (EFDTS) FOR BIOMATERIALS AND MEDICAL DEVICES 2018. [PMCID: PMC7152487 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-101745-6.00008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Liverani L, Boccardi E, Beltrán AM, Boccaccini AR. Incorporation of Calcium Containing Mesoporous (MCM-41-Type) Particles in Electrospun PCL Fibers by Using Benign Solvents. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9100487. [PMID: 30965790 PMCID: PMC6418919 DOI: 10.3390/polym9100487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The electrospinning technique is a versatile method for the production of fibrous scaffolds able to resemble the morphology of the native extra cellular matrix. In the present paper, electrospinning is used to fabricate novel SiO2 particles (type MCM-41) containing poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers. The main aims of the present work are both the optimization of the particle synthesis and the fabrication of composite fibers, obtained using benign solvents, suitable as drug delivery systems and scaffolds for soft tissue engineering applications. The optimized synthesis and characterization of calcium-containing MCM-41 particles are reported. Homogeneous bead-free composite electrospun mats were obtained by using acetic acid and formic acid as solvents; neat PCL electrospun mats were used as control. Initially, an optimization of the electrospinning environmental parameters, like relative humidity, was performed. The obtained composite nanofibers were characterized from the morphological, chemical and mechanical points of view, the acellular bioactivity of the composite nanofibers was also investigated. Positive results were obtained in terms of mesoporous particle incorporation in the fibers and no significant differences in terms of average fiber diameter were detected between the neat and composite electrospun fibers. Even if the Ca-containing MCM-41 particles are bioactive, this property is not preserved in the composite fibers. In fact, during the bioactivity assessment, the particles were released confirming the potential application of the composite fibers as a drug delivery system. Preliminary in vitro tests with bone marrow stromal cells were performed to investigate cell adhesion on the fabricated composite mats, the positive obtained results confirmed the suitability of the composite fibers as scaffolds for soft tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Liverani
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Elena Boccardi
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Ana Maria Beltrán
- Institute de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (ICMS), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain.
- Department of Engineering and Materials Science, University of Seville, Sevilla 41092, Spain.
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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Sriram K, Maheswari PU, Ezhilarasu A, Begum KMMS, Arthanareeswaran G. CuO-loaded hydrophobically modified chitosan as hybrid carrier for curcumin delivery and anticancer activity. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamaraj Sriram
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Institute of Technology; Tiruchirappalli 620 015 Tamilnadu India
| | - Palanisamy Uma Maheswari
- Department of Chemistry; National Institute of Technology; Tiruchirappalli 620 015 Tamilnadu India
| | - Arasagounder Ezhilarasu
- Department of Microbiology; Selvam Arts and Science College; Namakkal 637003 Tamil Nadu India
| | | | - Gangasalam Arthanareeswaran
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Institute of Technology; Tiruchirappalli 620 015 Tamilnadu India
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Abd El-Aziz AM, El Backly RM, Taha NA, El-Maghraby A, Kandil SH. Preparation and characterization of carbon nanofibrous/hydroxyapatite sheets for bone tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 76:1188-1195. [PMID: 28482485 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Critical size bone defects are orthopedic defects that will not heal without intervention or that will not completely heal over the natural life time of the animal. Although bone generally has the ability to regenerate completely however, critical defects require some sort of scaffold to do so. In the current study we proposed a method to obtain a carbon nanofibrous/Hydroxyapatite (HA) bioactive scaffold. The carbon nanofibrous (CNF) nonwoven fabrics were obtained by the use of the electrospinning process of the polymeric solution of poly acrylonitrile "PAN" and subsequent stabilization and carbonization processes. The CNFs sheets were functionalized by both hydroxyapatite (HA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The HA was added to the electrospun solution, but in case of (BSA), it was adsorbed after the carbonization process. The changes in the properties taking place in the precursor sheets were investigated using the characterization methods (SEM, FT-IR, TGA and EDX). The prepared materials were tested for biocompatibility via subcutaneous implantation in New Zealand white rabbits. We successfully prepared biocompatible functionalized sheets, which have been modified with HA or HA and BSA. The sheets that were functionalized by both HA and BSA are more biocompatible with fewer inflammatory cells of (neutrophils and lymphocytes) than ones with only HA over the period of 3weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Abd El-Aziz
- Department of Fabrication Technology, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute, City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Materials Science, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Rania M El Backly
- Department of Endodontics and Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nahla A Taha
- Department of Fabrication Technology, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute, City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications, Alexandria, Egypt; Chemistry Department, Al-Lith University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza El-Maghraby
- Department of Fabrication Technology, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute, City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sherif H Kandil
- Department of Materials Science, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Egypt
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Khajavi R, Abbasipour M, Bahador A. Electrospun biodegradable nanofibers scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Khajavi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University; Tehran Iran
| | - Mina Abbasipour
- Department of Textile Engineering; Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University; Tehran Iran
| | - Abbas Bahador
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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12
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Electrospinning of Bioinspired Polymer Scaffolds. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 881:33-53. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22345-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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