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Naheed S, Zuber M, Salman M, Rasool N, Siddique Z, Shaik MR, Sharaf MAF, Abdelgawad A, Sekou D, Awwad EM. Impact of Macrodiols on the Morphological Behavior of H 12MDI/HDO-Based Polyurethane Elastomer. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13132060. [PMID: 34201738 PMCID: PMC8271776 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the morphological behavior of polyurethane elastomers (PUEs) by modifying the soft segment chain length. This was achieved by increasing the soft segment molecular weight (Mn = 400–4000 gmol−1). In this regard, polycaprolactone diol (PCL) was selected as the soft segment, and 4,4′-cyclohexamethylene diisocyanate (H12MDI) and 1,6-hexanediol (HDO) were chosen as the hard segments. The films were prepared by curing polymer on Teflon surfaces. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was utilized for functional group identification in the prepared elastomers. FTIR peaks indicated the disappearance of −NCO and −OH groups and the formation of urethane (NHCOO) groups. The morphological behavior of the synthesized polymer samples was also elucidated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. The AFM and SEM results indicated that the extent of microphase separation was enhanced by an increase in the molecular weight of PCL. The phase separation and degree of crystallinity of the soft and hard segments were described using X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was observed that the degree of crystallinity of the synthesized polymers increased with an increase in the soft segment’s chain length. To evaluate hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, the contact angle was measured. A gradual increase in the contact angle with distilled water and diiodomethane (38.6°–54.9°) test liquids was observed. Moreover, the decrease in surface energy (46.95–24.45 mN/m) was also found to be inconsistent by increasing the molecular weight of polyols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Naheed
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan; (N.R.); (Z.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.N.); (M.R.S.); Tel.: +966-11-4670439 (M.R.S.)
| | - Mohammad Zuber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Mahwish Salman
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan;
| | - Nasir Rasool
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan; (N.R.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zumaira Siddique
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan; (N.R.); (Z.S.)
| | - Mohammed Rafi Shaik
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.N.); (M.R.S.); Tel.: +966-11-4670439 (M.R.S.)
| | - Mohammed A. F. Sharaf
- Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.F.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdelatty Abdelgawad
- Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.F.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Doumbia Sekou
- Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Society, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Emad Mahrous Awwad
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia;
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Amjed N, Bhatti IA, Zia KM, Iqbal J, Jamil Y. Synthesis and characterization of stable and biological active chitin-based polyurethane elastomers. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:1149-1157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Migration test and safety assessment of polyurethane adhesives used for food-contact laminated films. Food Packag Shelf Life 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2019.100449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Antolín-Cerón VH, Nuño-Donlucas SM, Barrera-Rivera KA, Martínez-Richa A. Synthesis, characterization, and mechanical performance of various functionalized carbon nanotubes-polyurethanes nanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergio Manuel Nuño-Donlucas
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química; Universidad de Guadalajara; Boul. M. García Barragán # 1451. Guadalajara, Jal 44430 Mexico
| | | | - Antonio Martínez-Richa
- Departamento de Química; Universidad de Guanajuato; Noria alta s/n, Guanajuato, Gto 36050 Mexico
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Nagy L, Nagy T, Kuki Á, Oláh R, Lakatos C, Zsuga M, Kéki S. Reactions of 2,6-Toluene Diisocyanate with Alcohols: Kinetic Studies in the Absence and Presence of Catalysts. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lajos Nagy
- Department of Applied Chemistry; University of Debrecen; Egyetem tér 1 H-4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Tibor Nagy
- Department of Applied Chemistry; University of Debrecen; Egyetem tér 1 H-4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Ákos Kuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry; University of Debrecen; Egyetem tér 1 H-4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Réka Oláh
- Department of Applied Chemistry; University of Debrecen; Egyetem tér 1 H-4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Csilla Lakatos
- Department of Applied Chemistry; University of Debrecen; Egyetem tér 1 H-4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Miklós Zsuga
- Department of Applied Chemistry; University of Debrecen; Egyetem tér 1 H-4032 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Sándor Kéki
- Department of Applied Chemistry; University of Debrecen; Egyetem tér 1 H-4032 Debrecen Hungary
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Yilgör I, Yilgör E, Wilkes GL. Critical parameters in designing segmented polyurethanes and their effect on morphology and properties: A comprehensive review. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
A series of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) with different soft segment structures were sythesised, and the effects of the structure and molecular weight of the soft segment on the degree of PU microphase separation were evaluated by the infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) computer peak fitting. The experiment results indicated that phase separation between hard and soft segments of poly (ether–urethane) was more significant than poly (ester–urethane), based on the qualitative analysis on the N–H stretching region of the FTIR spectrum. And the qualitative analysis on the carbonyl stretching region showed that PU with lower soft segment molecular weight had a higher relative amount of hard segment, and possesses higher microphase separation degree. The addition of polyether soft segment PEG had an internal plasticization by actuating the PCD molecular chain. Therefore, it becomes easier for PU to conduct structure adjustment and increased the phase separation degree.
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Luo YL, Miao Y, Xu F. Synthesis, phase behavior, and simulated in vitro degradation of novel HTPB-b-PEG polyurethane copolymers. Macromol Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-011-1211-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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