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Rana AK, Mishra YK, Gupta VK, Thakur VK. Sustainable materials in the removal of pesticides from contaminated water: Perspective on macro to nanoscale cellulose. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 797:149129. [PMID: 34303252 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, over utilization of pesticides in agrarian and non- agrarian sectors has resulted in a significant increment in the deposition of their remnants in different segments of the environmental media. The presence of pesticides and transportation of their different metabolites in rivers, ponds, lakes, soils, air, groundwater sources and drinkable water sources has demonstrated a high threat to human wellbeing and the climate. Thus, the removal of pesticides and their metabolites from contaminated water is imperative to lessen the ill effects of pesticides on human beings. In the present article, we have appraised recent advances in pesticides removal utilizing low cost pristine and functionalized cellulose biomass-based derivatives. One of the key focus has been on better understand the destiny of pesticides in the environment as well as their behaviour in the water. In addition, the impact of magnetite cellulose nanocomposites, cellulose derived photo nano-catalyst, cellulose/clay nano composites, CdS/cellulose nanocomposites and activated carbons/biochar on percent removal of pesticides have also been a part of the current review. The impact of different parameters such as adsorbent dosage, pH, time of contact and initials pesticide concentration on adsorption capacity and adsorption kinetics followed during absorption by different cellulosic bio-adsorbents has also been given. The cellulosic biomass is highly efficient in the removal of pesticides and their efficiency further increases upon functionalization or their conversion into activated carbons forms. Nano particles loaded cellulosic materials have in general found to be less efficient than raw, functionalized cellulosic materials and activated carbons. Further, among different nano particles loaded with cellulose-based materials, cellulose/MnO2 photonanocatalyst were noticed to be more effective. So considerable efforts should be given to determine the finest practices that relate to the dissipation of different pesticides from the water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashvinder K Rana
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Sai University, Palampur 176061, India
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, Sønderborg DK-6400, Denmark
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Agriculture and Business Management Department, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Agriculture and Business Management Department, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK; Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiv Nadar University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India.
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Rana AK, Thakur VK, Singha AS. Towards the use of acrylic acid graft-copolymerized plant biofiber in sustainable fortified composites: Manufacturing and characterization. E-POLYMERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2021-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, the impact of particle form of the Cannabis indica plant biofibers and the fiber’s surface tailoring on the physical, thermal, dielectric, and mechanical properties of unsaturated polyester composite specimens manufactured utilizing nonconventional materials were investigated. The mechanical properties such as compressive, flexural, and tensile strengths of the composite specimens were noticed to increase after functionalization of biofiber with acrylic acid and maximum enhancement was found at 20% of biofiber sacking. The physical characterization was concentrated on the assurance of the dielectric constant, dielectric strength, dielectric loss, moisture absorption, chemical resistance, percentage of swelling, limiting oxygen index, and biodegradation of polymer composites under red soil. An increase in dielectric strength from 28 to 29 kV, limiting oxygen index values from 19% to 23%, and moisture/water absorption behavior was noted for resulted bio-composites after surface tailoring of biofiber. To assess the deterioration of the polymeric materials with the temperature, differential scanning calorimetric and the thermogravimetric tests were carried out and enhancement in thermal stability was noted after fortification of polyester composites with functionalized biofiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashvinder K. Rana
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Sai University , Palampur , 176061 , India
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar University , Mullana , Haryana, 133-207 , India
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiv Nadar University , Uttar Pradesh , 201314 , India
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES) , Dehradun , Uttarakhand , India
| | - Amar S. Singha
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology , Hamirpur , 177005 , India
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Rana AK, Frollini E, Thakur VK. Cellulose nanocrystals: Pretreatments, preparation strategies, and surface functionalization. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1554-1581. [PMID: 34029581 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have attracted great interest from researchers from academic and industrial areas because of their interesting structural features and unique physicochemical properties, such as magnificent mechanical strength, high surface area, and many hydroxyl groups for chemical modification, low density, and biodegradability. CNCs are an outstanding contender for applications in assorted fields comprehensive of, e.g., biomedical, electronic gadgets, water purifications, nanocomposites, membranes. Additionally, a persistent progression is going on in the extraction and surface modification of cellulose nanocrystals to fulfill the expanding need of producers to fabricate cellulose nanocrystals-based materials. In this review, the foundation of nanocellulose that emerged from lignocellulosic biomass and recent development in extraction/preparation of cellulose nanocrystals and different types of cellulose nanocrystal surface modification techniques are summed up. The different sorts of cellulose modification reactions that have been discussed are acetylation, oxidations, esterifications, etherifications, ion-pair formation, hydrogen bonding, silanization, nucleophilic substitution reactions, and so forth. The mechanisms of surface functionalization reactions are also introduced and considered concerning the impact on the reactions. Moreover, the primary association of cellulose and different forms of nanocellulose has likewise been examined for beginners in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisabete Frollini
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, Macromolecular Materials and Lignocellulosic Fibers Group, Center for Science and Technology of BioResources, University of São Paulo, C.P. 780, São Carlos, SP CEP 13560-970, Brazil.
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK; Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiv Nadar University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India.
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Rahaman MH, Rana MM, Gafur MA, Mohona AA. Preparation and analysis of poly( l
-lactic acid) composites with oligo( d
-lactic acid)-grafted cellulose. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Hafezur Rahaman
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Islamic University; Kushtia 7003 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Masud Rana
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Islamic University; Kushtia 7003 Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Abdul Gafur
- Pilot Plant and Process Development Center; Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research; Dhaka 1205 Bangladesh
| | - Anika Amir Mohona
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Islamic University; Kushtia 7003 Bangladesh
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Synthesis and characterization of poly(ethylene glycol) acrylate (PEGA) copolymers for application as polymeric phase change materials (PCMs). REACT FUNCT POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lai JC, Hassan A, Hasan M, Ani FN, Tanjung FA. Heat distortion temperature and mechanical properties of agricultural wastes-reinforced phenolic composites. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2015-0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Phenolic composites containing three different types of agricultural waste fillers (i.e. oil palm shell flour, rice husk flour, and coconut shell) have been prepared consecutively using the two-roll milling and hot pressed methods. The resulting granules were compression molded before mechanical testing. Mechanical properties of the agro-fillers/phenolic composites were investigated by means of flexural test, impact test, and heat distortion temperature measurement. Flexural test was conducted following ASTM D790, impact test was carried out according to ASTM D-256, while heat distortion temperature was measured using ASTM D648. The stiffness of the composites is insensitive to the increasing of the filler loading. The incorporation of the three different types of agro-waste fillers into the phenolic matrix produced composites with better heat distortion temperature as compared to that of the neat resin. Overall, coconut shell flour was superior in improving the flexural strength of the composites, while oil palm shell composites exhibited the most apparent improvement in heat distortion temperature.
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Corobea MC, Muhulet O, Miculescu F, Antoniac IV, Vuluga Z, Florea D, Vuluga DM, Butnaru M, Ivanov D, Voicu SI, Thakur VK. Novel nanocomposite membranes from cellulose acetate and clay-silica nanowires. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mihai Cosmin Corobea
- Polymer composites and nanocomposites team, Polymer Department; R&D National Institute for Chemistry and Petro chemistry - ICECHIM Bucharest; 6 Spy. Independence 202, district 6 Bucharest 060021 Romania
| | - Oana Muhulet
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science; University Polytechnic of Buchares; Str. Gheorghe Polis 1-7 Bucharest 011061 Romania
| | - Florin Miculescu
- Faculty of Materials Science; University Polytechnic of Bucharest; Splaiul Independentei 313 Bucharest Romania
| | - Iulian Vaile Antoniac
- Faculty of Materials Science; University Polytechnic of Bucharest; Splaiul Independentei 313 Bucharest Romania
| | - Zina Vuluga
- Polymer composites and nanocomposites team, Polymer Department; R&D National Institute for Chemistry and Petro chemistry - ICECHIM Bucharest; 6 Spy. Independence 202, district 6 Bucharest 060021 Romania
| | - Dorel Florea
- Polymer composites and nanocomposites team, Polymer Department; R&D National Institute for Chemistry and Petro chemistry - ICECHIM Bucharest; 6 Spy. Independence 202, district 6 Bucharest 060021 Romania
| | - Dumitru Mircea Vuluga
- Center for Organic Chemistry “C.D. Nenitescu” of Romanian Academy; 202B Splaiul Independentei 060023 Bucharest Romania
| | - Maria Butnaru
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering; “Gr.T.Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy; 16 University Street 700115 Iasi Romania
| | - Daniela Ivanov
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry; Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41A 700487 Iasi Romania
| | - Stefan Ioan Voicu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science; University Polytechnic of Buchares; Str. Gheorghe Polis 1-7 Bucharest 011061 Romania
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering; Washington State University; Pullman WA United States
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Thakur VK, Voicu SI. Recent advances in cellulose and chitosan based membranes for water purification: A concise review. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 146:148-65. [PMID: 27112861 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently membrane technology has emerged as a new promising and pervasive technology due to its innate advantages over traditional technologies such as adsorption, distillation and extraction. In this article, some of the recent advances in developing polymeric composite membrane materials for water purification from natural polysaccharide based polymers namely cellulose derivatives and chitosan are concisely reviewed. The impact of human social, demographic and industrial evolution along with expansion through environment has significantly affected the quality of water by pollution with large quantities of pesticides, minerals, drugs or other residues. At the forefront of decontamination and purification techniques, we found the membrane materials from polymers as a potential alternative. In an attempt to reduce the number of technical polymers widely used in the preparation of membranes, many researchers have reported new solutions for desalination or retention of organic yeasts, based on bio renewable polymers like cellulose derivatives and chitosan. These realizations are presented and discussed in terms of the most important parameters of membrane separation especially water flux and retention in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar Thakur
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States.
| | - Stefan Ioan Voicu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University Politehnica from Bucharest, Bucharest 011061, Romania.
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Miculescu M, Thakur VK, Miculescu F, Voicu SI. Graphene-based polymer nanocomposite membranes: a review. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marian Miculescu
- University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest; Metallic Material Science, Physical Metallurgy Department; 313, Independenţei Blvd. Bucharest 060042 Romania
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Washington State University; School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering; Pullman WA United States
| | - Florin Miculescu
- University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest; Metallic Material Science, Physical Metallurgy Department; 313, Independenţei Blvd. Bucharest 060042 Romania
| | - Stefan Ioan Voicu
- University Politehnica from Bucharest; Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Sciences; 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu Bucharest 011061 Romania
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Zhu G, Sun L, Dovichi NJ. Thermally-initiated free radical polymerization for reproducible production of stable linear polyacrylamide coated capillaries, and their application to proteomic analysis using capillary zone electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Talanta 2016; 146:839-43. [PMID: 26695337 PMCID: PMC4690009 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Proteomic analysis using capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) typically is performed with linear polyacrylamide (LPA) coated capillaries. These capillaries both minimize the adsorption of peptides and proteins to the inner wall of the capillary and decrease electroosmosis, which increases the separation capacity. LPA coating protocols were first reported by Hjerten in 1985. Conventional LPA production is based on the use of tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) to catalyze the free-radical polymerization that couples acrylamide to a capillary wall that has been pretreated with γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane. The treated capillary is filled with a mixture of monomer, TEMED, and ammonium persulfate; free radical polymerization forms the LPA coating. Over many years, we have observed significant variation in the electroosmotic properties of commercial LPA coated capillaries both along the capillary length and between lots. We believe this variation is due to differences in the time between initiation of the reaction and the filling of the capillary. Here, we report a simple method for the generation of very stable and reproducible coatings. In this protocol, the monomer mixture and an ammonium persulfate initiator are introduced into the capillary without TEMED initiator. The mixture is stable and does not begin polymerization at room temperature. The filled capillary is then heated in a water bath to initiate polymerization in a well-controlled manner. A mixture of four standard proteins was used to evaluate the coating performance. Compared with commercialized LPA capillaries, our LPA capillaries generate much better separation performance and superior protein peak shape in CZE analysis. We also analyzed an intact antibody (MW 150K) by CZE-MS with the new LPA capillary in triplicate runs. The intact antibody generated a Gaussian-shaped electrophoresis peak with 1.2% relative standard deviation in migration time and 8.5% in base peak intensity. An automated CZE-MS system was used to generate 97 successive separations of a BSA tryptic digest over a 145-h period. Separation efficiency averaged over 100,000 theoretical plates across this period with no systematic variation. The LPA coating protocol had excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility with relative standard deviation in migration time<7%, and in separation window<1%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijie Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Liangliang Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Norman J Dovichi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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A brief review on the chemical modifications of lignocellulosic fibers for durable engineering composites. Polym Bull (Berl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-015-1489-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Study of effect of fibre volume and dimension on mechanical, thermal, and water absorption behaviour of luffa reinforced epoxy composites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Julkapli NM, Bagheri S, Sapuan SM. Multifunctionalized Carbon Nanotubes Polymer Composites: Properties and Applications. ADVANCED STRUCTURED MATERIALS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-81-322-2470-9_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Eco-friendly Electrospun Polymeric Nanofibers-Based Nanocomposites for Wound Healing and Tissue Engineering. ADVANCED STRUCTURED MATERIALS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-81-322-2470-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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Fabrication, Property, and Application of Lignin-Based Nanocomposites. ADVANCED STRUCTURED MATERIALS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-81-322-2473-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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García NL, Famá L, D’Accorso NB, Goyanes S. Biodegradable Starch Nanocomposites. ADVANCED STRUCTURED MATERIALS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-81-322-2470-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Thakur VK, Thakur MK. Processing and characterization of natural cellulose fibers/thermoset polymer composites. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 109:102-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 650] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Thakur VK, Thakur MK, Gupta RK. Review: Raw Natural Fiber–Based Polymer Composites. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2014.880016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Priya B, Singha AS, Pathania D. Synthesis and kinetics of ascorbic acid initiated graft copolymerized delignified cellulosic fiber. POLYM ENG SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhanu Priya
- Department of Chemistry; Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences; Solan 173212 Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Amar Singh Singha
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Institute of Technology; Hamirpur 177005 Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Deepak Pathania
- Department of Chemistry; Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences; Solan 173212 Himachal Pradesh India
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Thakur VK, Thakur MK, Gupta RK. Synthesis of lignocellulosic polymer with improved chemical resistance through free radical polymerization. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 61:121-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Teli M, Sheikh J. Modified bamboo rayon–copper nanoparticle composites as antibacterial textiles. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 61:302-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Thakur VK, Singha AS, Thakur MK. Pressure Induced Synthesis of EA GraftedSaccaharum cilliareFibers. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2013.769243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Thakur VK, Thakur MK, Gupta RK. Development of functionalized cellulosic biopolymers by graft copolymerization. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 62:44-51. [PMID: 23994197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 08/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Natural lignocellulosic polymers are one of the most promising biodegradable, non-toxic and eco-friendly polymeric materials which have been used to develop various products for number of applications especially in green composites. However, these cellulosic materials have certain drawbacks, like sensitivity to water and moisture, and need to be modified. So in this article, a treatment of lignocellulose biopolymers with suitable acrylate monomer was investigated. The influence of different reaction parameters on efficiency (grafting) was investigated. SEM, TGA and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to study the graft copolymerization between the monomer and hydroxyl groups of lignocellulosic biopolymers. This article also discusses swelling, and chemical resistance properties of the both the grafted/ungrafted cellulosic biopolymer and their potential candidature for green composite applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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Thakur VK, Thakur MK, Singha AS. Free Radical–Induced Graft Copolymerization onto Natural Fibers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2013.814026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Thakur VK, Thakur MK, Gupta RK. Graft copolymers from cellulose: Synthesis, characterization and evaluation. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 97:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Thakur VK, Thakur MK, Gupta RK. Rapid synthesis of graft copolymers from natural cellulose fibers. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 98:820-8. [PMID: 23987417 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.06.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose is the most abundant natural polysaccharide polymer, which is used as such or its derivatives in a number of advanced applications, such as in paper, packaging, biosorption, and biomedical. In present communication, in an effort to develop a proficient way to rapidly synthesize poly(methyl acrylate)-graft-cellulose (PMA-g-cellulose) copolymers, rapid graft copolymerization synthesis was carried out under microwave conditions using ferrous ammonium sulfate-potassium per sulfate (FAS-KPS) as redox initiator. Different reaction parameters such as microwave radiation power, ratio of monomer, solvent and initiator concentrations were optimized to get the highest percentage of grafting. Grafting percentage was found to increase with increase in microwave power up to 70%, and maximum 36.73% grafting was obtained after optimization of all parameters. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTA/DTG) analysis were used to confirm the graft copolymerization of poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) onto the mercerized cellulose. The grafted cellulosic polymers were subsequently subjected to the evaluation of different physico-chemical properties in order to access their application in everyday life, in a direction toward green environment. The grafted copolymers demonstrated increased chemical resistance, and higher thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, USA.
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Thakur VK, Singha AS, Thakur MK. Fabrication and Physico-Chemical Properties of High-Performance Pine Needles/Green Polymer Composites. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2011.641694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Thakur VK, Singha AS, Thakur MK. Ecofriendly Biocomposites from Natural fibers: Mechanical and Weathering study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2013.747246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Thakur VK, Singha AS, Thakur MK. Synthesis of Natural Cellulose-Based Graft Copolymers Using Methyl Methacrylate as an Efficient Monomer. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Thakur VK, Singha AS, Thakur MK. Modification of Natural Biomass by Graft Copolymerization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2012.704561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Thakur VK, Singha AS, Thakur MK. Surface Modification of Natural Polymers to Impart Low Water Absorbency. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2012.640455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Thakur VK, Singha AS, Thakur MK. In-Air Graft Copolymerization of Ethyl Acrylate onto Natural Cellulosic Polymers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2012.638470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Thakur VK, Singha AS. Physicochemical and Mechanical Behavior of Cellulosic Pine Needle-Based Biocomposites. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2011.596303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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