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Dutta A, Banerjee D, Ghosh AK. Improved tensile and impact responses of microcellular PP/γ-irradiated elastomer blends corroborating microstructure and crystallinity. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2021.1967168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Dutta
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Debjyoti Banerjee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Anup K. Ghosh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
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2
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Lee JG, Jeong JO, Jeong SI, Park JS. Radiation-Based Crosslinking Technique for Enhanced Thermal and Mechanical Properties of HDPE/EVA/PU Blends. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2832. [PMID: 34451369 PMCID: PMC8401421 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Crosslinking of polyolefin-based polymers can improve their thermal and mechanical properties, which can then be used in various applications. Radiation-induced crosslinking can be done easily and usefully by irradiation without a crosslinking agent. In addition, polymer blending can improve thermal and mechanical properties, and chemical resistance, compared to conventional single polymers. In this study, high-density polyethylene (HDPE)/ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)/polyurethane (PU) blends were prepared by radiation crosslinking to improve the thermal and mechanical properties of HDPE. This is because HDPE, a polyolefin-based polymer, has the weaknesses of low thermal resistance and flexibility, even though it has good mechanical strength and machinability. In contrast, EVA has good flexibility and PU has excellent thermal properties and wear resistance. The morphology and mechanical properties (e.g., tensile and flexure strength) were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal testing machine (UTM). The gel fraction, thermal shrinkage, and abrasion resistance of samples were confirmed. In particular, after storing at 180 °C for 1 h, the crosslinked HDPE-PU-EVA blends exhibited ~4-times better thermal stability compared to non-crosslinked HDPE. When subjected to a radiation dose of 100 kGy, the strength of HDPE increased, but the elongation sharply decreased (80%). On the other hand, the strength of the HDPE-PU-EVA blends was very similar to that of HDPE, and the elongation was more than 3-times better (320%). Finally, the abrasion resistance of crosslinked HDPE-PU-EVA was ~9-times better than the crosslinked HDPE. Therefore, this technology can be applied to various polymer products requiring high heat resistance and flexibility, such as electric cables and industrial pipes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jong-Seok Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si 56212, Korea; (J.-G.L.); (J.-O.J.); (S.-I.J.)
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3
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Polypropylene/Ethylene-And Polar-Monomer-Based Copolymers/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites: Morphology, Mechanical Properties, and Oxygen Permeability. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13050705. [PMID: 33652600 PMCID: PMC7956292 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This research reports the influence of polar monomer contents in ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) on the morphology, mechanical and barrier properties of polypropylene/ethylene copolymer (PP) reinforced with organically modified montmorillonite (MMT). PP/EVA and PP/EVOH (75/25 wt %) blends were reinforced with 3 wt % MMT in an internal mixer system. Samples were compression-molded into films of 300μ μm. The structural characterization was made using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the mechanical properties were obtained by tension tests and the barrier properties by oxygen transmission rate (OTR). XRD patterns showed a combination of intercalated/exfoliated morphologies for the MMT, with higher d-001 interplanar distance increments for the blends with higher content of polar functional groups. SEM and TEM micrographs complement the results of the XRD analysis and show differences in the morphologies depending on the miscibility of the polyolefin and the polar monomer copolymer. Mechanical properties and oxygen permeability of composites exhibited a higher improvement, by the addition of MMT, for higher intermolecular interactions and most miscible polymeric system of the EVA. These results show that the higher the number of interactions, given by the VA or OH polar functional groups, the morphology and the miscibility between polyolefin and copolymer imply dispersion improvements of the nanocomposites and, in consequence, a higher improvement on the mechanical and barrier properties of the composite material.
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4
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Processing and characterization of polypropylene (PP)/ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA) blend-based glassy carbon (GC) composites. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-3190-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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5
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Varghese AM, Singh S, Muthukumaraswamy Rangaraj V, Mittal V. Two‐dimensional mullite nanostructure: Synthesis and reinforcement effect on polypropylene/maleic anhydride graft ethylene vinyl acetate matrix. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anish Mathai Varghese
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKhalifa University of Science and Technology (KUST), Sas Al Nakhl campus Abu Dhabi P.O 2533 United Arab Emirates
| | - Swati Singh
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKhalifa University of Science and Technology (KUST), Sas Al Nakhl campus Abu Dhabi P.O 2533 United Arab Emirates
| | - Vengatesan Muthukumaraswamy Rangaraj
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKhalifa University of Science and Technology (KUST), Sas Al Nakhl campus Abu Dhabi P.O 2533 United Arab Emirates
| | - Vikas Mittal
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKhalifa University of Science and Technology (KUST), Sas Al Nakhl campus Abu Dhabi P.O 2533 United Arab Emirates
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6
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Guo-hui W, Man-li H, Fan-chao C, Jun-dong F, Yao-dong D. Enhancement of flame retardancy and radiation shielding properties of ethylene vinyl acetate based radiation shielding composites by EB irradiation. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Varghese AM, Rangaraj VM, Mun SC, Macosko CW, Mittal V. Effect of Graphene on Polypropylene/Maleic Anhydride-graft-Ethylene–Vinyl Acetate (PP/EVA-g-MA) Blend: Mechanical, Thermal, Morphological, and Rheological Properties. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b04932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anish Mathai Varghese
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology (KUST), Sas
Al Nakhl campus, P.O 2533, Abu Dhabi, U.A.E
| | | | - Sung Cik Mun
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christopher W. Macosko
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Ave. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Vikas Mittal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology (KUST), Sas
Al Nakhl campus, P.O 2533, Abu Dhabi, U.A.E
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8
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Dutta A, Ghosh AK. Influence of thermal and morphological characteristics on mechanical responses of polypropylene/γ-irradiated elastomer blends. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Dutta
- Centre for Polymer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Anup K. Ghosh
- Centre for Polymer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; New Delhi 110016 India
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9
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Ren Q, Xia Y, Zhang X, Zhang F, Guo J, Zhang S. Synthesis of a Novel Flame Retardant and Its Synergistic Effect With a Phosphapheanthrene Flame Retardant in Polypropylene/Polyethylene Vinyl Acetate Blends. J MACROMOL SCI B 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2017.1411075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinglong Ren
- Department of Materials Science, School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Materials Science, School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Materials Science, School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Fengfeng Zhang
- Department of Materials Science, School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Materials Science, School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Department of Materials Science, School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
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Pal AK, Katiyar V. Melt processing of biodegradable poly(lactic acid)/functionalized chitosan nanocomposite films: mechanical modeling with improved oxygen barrier and thermal properties. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-017-1305-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Savini G, Oréfice RL. Toughening high density polyethylene submitted to extreme ambient temperatures. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-017-1243-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Zhang Y, Li J, Shen L, Lin H, Shan Y. The observation of PP/EVA blends in which isotactic PP was preradiated with different radiation absorbed doses. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences; Zhejiang Normal University; Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Jianxi Li
- CGN National R and D Center; Life Evaluation and Management Technology of Nonmetal Materials Lab; Suzhou 215400 China
| | - Liguo Shen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences; Zhejiang Normal University; Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences; Zhejiang Normal University; Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Yongdong Shan
- CGN National R and D Center; Life Evaluation and Management Technology of Nonmetal Materials Lab; Suzhou 215400 China
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13
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Ying X, Qinglong R, Fengfeng Z, Weiming Z, Jing G, Sen Z. Study on the toughening mechanism of PP/EVA dynamically crosslinked blend. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2016.1189286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Kumar Singla R, Maiti SN, Ghosh AK. Fabrication of super tough poly(lactic acid)/ethylene-co-vinyl-acetate blends via a melt recirculation approach: static-short term mechanical and morphological interpretation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24897c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The notched Izod impact strength of PLA/EVA blends was enhanced significantly with improved toughness making blends super tough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Kumar Singla
- Centre for Polymer Science and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Saurindra N. Maiti
- Centre for Polymer Science and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Anup K. Ghosh
- Centre for Polymer Science and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi-110016
- India
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15
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Martín-Alfonso J, Franco JM. Formulation and characterization of oleogels based on high-oleic sunflower oil and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer/polypropylene blends. POLYM ENG SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.E. Martín-Alfonso
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química; Química Física y Química Orgánica, Universidad de Huelva; 21071 Huelva Spain
- Pro2TecS-Chemical Process and Product Technology Research Center; 21071 Huelva Spain
| | - J. M. Franco
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química; Química Física y Química Orgánica, Universidad de Huelva; 21071 Huelva Spain
- Pro2TecS-Chemical Process and Product Technology Research Center; 21071 Huelva Spain
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16
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Mata-Padilla JM, Medellín-Rodríguez FJ, Ávila-Orta CA, Ramírez-Vargas E, Cadenas-Pliego G, Valera-Zaragoza M, Vega-Díaz SM. Morphology and chain mobility of reactive blend nanocomposites of PP-EVA/Clay. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José M. Mata-Padilla
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6; Zona Universitaria; San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí 78210 México
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA); Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140; San José de los Cerritos Saltillo, Coahuila 25294 México
| | - Francisco J. Medellín-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6; Zona Universitaria; San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí 78210 México
| | - Carlos A. Ávila-Orta
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA); Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140; San José de los Cerritos Saltillo, Coahuila 25294 México
| | - Eduardo Ramírez-Vargas
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA); Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140; San José de los Cerritos Saltillo, Coahuila 25294 México
| | - Gregorio Cadenas-Pliego
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA); Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140; San José de los Cerritos Saltillo, Coahuila 25294 México
| | - Mario Valera-Zaragoza
- Universidad del Papaloapan; Circuito Central 200, Parque Industrial Tuxtepec, Oaxaca 68301 México
| | - Sofía M. Vega-Díaz
- Research Center for Exotic Nanocarbons (JST); Shinshu University; Wakasato 4-17-1 Nagano Japan
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17
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Rinawa K, Maiti SN, Sonnier R, Lopez Cuesta JM. Influence of microstructure and flexibility of maleated styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene rubber on the mechanical properties of polyamide 12. Polym Bull (Berl) 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-014-1115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Sharma R, Maiti S. Modification of tensile and impact properties of poly(butylene terephthlate) by incorporation of styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene and maleic anhydride-grafted
-SEBS (SEBS-g
-MA) terpolymer. POLYM ENG SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajul Sharma
- Centre for Polymer Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016 India
| | - S.N. Maiti
- Centre for Polymer Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016 India
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