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Tang W, Qian L, Prolongo SG, Wang DY. Small core of piperazine/silane aggregation initiate efficient charring flame retardant effect in polypropylene composites. Polym Degrad Stab 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Synthesis of a novel DOPO-substituted charring agent containing triazine for reducing the fire hazard of polypropylene. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03220-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Zhang T, Zhang Q, Yu Y, Chen T, Song N, Chen Z, Lin Z, Jiang J. Effects of melamine polyphosphate on explosion characteristics and thermal pyrolysis behavior of polyamide 66 dust. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2022.104820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Li Y, Qi L, Liu Y, Qiao J, Wang M, Liu X, Li S. Recent Advances in Halogen-Free Flame Retardants for Polyolefin Cable Sheath Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142876. [PMID: 35890652 PMCID: PMC9322620 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the continuous advancements of urbanization, the demand for power cables is increasing to replace overhead lines for energy transmission and distribution. Due to undesirable scenarios, e.g., the short circuit or poor contact, the cables can cause fire. The cable sheath has a significant effect on fire expansion. Thus, it is of great significance to carry out research on flame-retardant modification for cable sheath material to prevent fire accidents. With the continuous environmental concern, polyolefin (PO) is expected to gradually replace polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for cable sheath material. Moreover, the halogen-free flame retardants (FRs), which are the focus of this paper, will replace the ones with halogen gradually. The halogen-free FRs used in PO cable sheath material can be divided into inorganic flame retardant, organic flame retardant, and intumescent flame retardant (IFR). However, most FRs will cause severe damage to the mechanical properties of the PO cable sheath material, mainly reflected in the elongation at break and tensile strength. Therefore, the cooperative modification of PO materials for flame retardancy and mechanical properties has become a research hotspot. For this review, about 240 works from the literature related to FRs used in PO materials were investigated. It is shown that the simultaneous improvement for flame retardancy and mechanical properties mainly focuses on surface treatment technology, nanotechnology, and the cooperative effect of multiple FRs. The principle is mainly to improve the compatibility of FRs with PO polymers and/or increase the efficiency of FRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Leijie Qi
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yifan Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Junjie Qiao
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Maotao Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinyue Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Shasha Li
- State Grid Hebei Baoding Electric Power Company Limited, Baoding 071051, China;
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Ur Rehman Z, Niaz AK, Song JI, Heun Koo B. Excellent Fire Retardant Properties of CNF/VMT Based LBL Coatings Deposited on Polypropylene and Wood-Ply. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:303. [PMID: 33477966 PMCID: PMC7844820 DOI: 10.3390/polym13020303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this report, layer by layer (LBL) fire retardant coatings were produced on wood ply and Polypropylene Homopolymer/Flax fiber composites. FE-SEM and EDAX analysis was carried out to analyze the surface morphology, thickness, growth rate and elemental composition of the samples. Coatings with a high degree of uniformity were formed on Polypropylene composite (PP/flax), while coatings with highest thickness were obtained on wood ply (wood). FTIR and Raman spectroscopy were further used for the molecular identifications of the coatings, which confirmed the maximum deposition of the solution components on the wood substrate. A physiochemical analysis and model was proposed to explain the forces of adhesion between the substrate and solution molecules. Fire protection and thermal properties were studied using TGA and UL-94 tests. It was explored, that the degradation of the coated substrates was highly protected by the coatings as follows: wood > PP/flax > PP. From the UL-94 test, it was further discovered that more than 83% of the coated wood substrate was protected from burning, compared to the 0% of the uncoated substrate. The flammability resistance of the samples was ranked as wood > PP/flax > PP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bon Heun Koo
- College of Mechatronic Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do 51140, Korea; (Z.U.R.); (A.K.N.); (J.-I.S.)
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Zhu S, Gong W, Luo J, Meng X, Xin Z, Wu J, Jiang Z. Flame Retardancy and Mechanism of Novel Phosphorus-Silicon Flame Retardant Based on Polysilsesquioxane. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11081304. [PMID: 31382664 PMCID: PMC6722730 DOI: 10.3390/polym11081304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel phosphorus-silicon flame retardant (P5PSQ) was prepared by bonding phosphate to silicon-based polysilsesquioxane (PSQ) and used as flame retardant of poly (lactic acid) (PLA). The results show that PLA with 10 wt % P5PSQ has a limiting oxygen index (LOI) 24.1%, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of PLA decrease 21.8% and 25.2% compared to neat PLA in cone calorimetric test, indicating that P5PSQ shows better flame retardancy in comparison to PSQ. Furthermore, the study for the morphology and composition of carbon residue after the combustion of PLA and the gas release of PLA during combustion illustrate that P5PSQ has flame retardancy in condensed phase and gas phase simultaneously. In condensed phase, phosphorus from phosphate promotes the formation of more stable and better carbon layer containing Si and P, which inhibits the transfer of heat and oxygen in the combustion. In gas phase, the phosphate in P5PSQ emits phosphorus-containing compound that can restrain the release of C–O containing products, which may have effective flame retardancy for PLA in gas phase to a certain extent. In one word, P5PSQ is denoted as a good phosphorus-silicon synergistic flame-retardant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering and Production Engineering Department, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weiguang Gong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering and Production Engineering Department, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ji Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering and Production Engineering Department, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xin Meng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering and Production Engineering Department, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Zhong Xin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering and Production Engineering Department, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering and Production Engineering Department, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zewen Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering and Production Engineering Department, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Li A, Xu W, Wang G, Wang X. Novel strategy for molybdenum disulfide nanosheets grown on titanate nanotubes for enhancing the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of epoxy resin. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aijiao Li
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, 292 Ziyun Road; Hefei Anhui 230601 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzong Xu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, 292 Ziyun Road; Hefei Anhui 230601 People's Republic of China
| | - Guisong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, 292 Ziyun Road; Hefei Anhui 230601 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, 292 Ziyun Road; Hefei Anhui 230601 People's Republic of China
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Gao S, Zhao X, Liu G. Synthesis of an integrated intumescent flame retardant and its flame retardancy properties for polypropylene. Polym Degrad Stab 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pang XY, Tian Y, Shi XZ. Synergism between hydrotalcite and silicate-modified expandable graphite on ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer combustion behavior. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Yan Pang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, The Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Technology Research Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province; Hebei University; Baoding 071002 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Tian
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, The Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Technology Research Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province; Hebei University; Baoding 071002 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Zhu Shi
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, The Flame Retardant Material and Processing Technology Engineering Technology Research Center of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province; Hebei University; Baoding 071002 People's Republic of China
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Zhao Q, Hu Y, Wang X. Mechanical performance and flame retardancy of polypropylene composites containing zeolite and multiwalled carbon nanotubes. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials; Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Hu
- Key Laboratory for Specially Functional Polymers and Related Technology of the Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyi Wang
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials; Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
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Liao F, Zhou L, Ju Y, Yang Y, Wang X. Synthesis of A Novel Phosphorus–Nitrogen-Silicon Polymeric Flame Retardant and Its Application in Poly(lactic acid). Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie5008745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fenghui Liao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yaqing Ju
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xinlong Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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