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Kuerbanjiang K, Rouzi K, Zhang SY. Nitrophenyl Thiourea-Modified Polyethylenimine Colorimetric Sensor for Sulfate, Fluorine, and Acetate. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3751. [PMID: 38931538 PMCID: PMC11207599 DOI: 10.3390/s24123751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
A thiourea-based colorimetric sensor incorporating polyethyleneimine (PEI) and chromophoric nitrophenyl groups was synthesized and utilized for detecting various anions. Structural characterization of the sensor was accomplished using FTIR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The sensor's interactions and colorimetric recognition capabilities with different anions, including CI-, Br-, I-, F-, NO3-, PF6-, AcO-, H2PO4-, PO43-, and SO42-, were investigated via visual observation and UV/vis spectroscopy. Upon adding SO42-, F-, and AcO- anions, the sensor exhibited distinct color changes from colorless to yellow and yellowish, while other anions did not induce significant color alterations. UV/vis spectroscopic titration experiments conducted in a DMSO/H2O solution (9:1 volume ratio) demonstrated the sensor's selectivity toward SO42-, F-, and AcO-. The data revealed that the formation of the main compounds and anion complexes was mediated by hydrogen bonding, leading to signal changes in the nitrophenyl thiourea-modified PEI spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kediye Kuerbanjiang
- College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China;
- Chemical Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Kuerbanjiang Rouzi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China;
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Si-Yu Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China;
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2
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Kamaliya BP, Dave PN, Chopda LV. Synthesis of GG- g-P(NIPAM- co-AA)/GO and evaluation of adsorption activity for the diclofenac and metformin. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2023; 21:403-416. [PMID: 37869591 PMCID: PMC10584777 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-023-00867-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The grafting of biopolymer gum ghatti (GG) over the PNIPAM and PAA was done and loaded with graphene oxide (GO). Aim of this work is carried out combine adsorption of sodium diclofenac (SD) and metformin (MF) by the prepared hydrogels under influence of various parameters. The adsorbent GG-g-P(NIPAM-co-PAA)/GO(3 mg) chosen for adsorption activity as it displayed highest swelling capacity. The effect of amount of both adsorbents GG-g-P(NIPAM-co-PAA and GG-g-P(NIPAM-co-PAA)/GO(3 mg) showed that highest adsorption capacity found at 40 mg of adsorbents for both drugs at conditions: 100 mg/L concentration, 30 °C, 24 h and pH 6 and subsequently became stable. Both the drugs were removed in greater amount at 25 mg/L concentration, 24 h of contact time, 30 °C, 40 mg amount of both adsorbents and pH 6. Effect of time revealed that as time elevated from 2 h to 12 (100 mg/L concentration,, 30 °C, 40 mg amount of both adsorbents and pH 6) led to increase adsorption efficiency and after that increase time did not much impact on adsorption activity. Adsorption activity of hydrogels declined with increase of temperature (100 mg/L concentration, 12 h, 40 mg amount of both adsorbents and pH 6). The acidic conditions favored adsorption of SD while MF adsorbed under the weak acidic(100 mg/L concentration, 30 °C, 12 h, 40 mg amount of both adsorbents). However, basic conditions did not much influence on adsorption of MF but effected on adsorption activity of SD. Adsorption isotherm and kinetic model suggested that adsorption is homogenous and chemical in nature. The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) found to be 289.01 and 154.55 mg/g for SD and MF respectively. Graphical abstract Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40201-023-00867-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagvan P. Kamaliya
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidynagar, Gujarat 388 120 India
| | - Pragnesh N. Dave
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidynagar, Gujarat 388 120 India
| | - Lakha V. Chopda
- B. N. Patel Institute of Paramedical & Science (Science Division), Sardar Patel Education Trust, Bhalej Road, Anand, Gujarat 370 001 India
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Sustainable 3D Printing of Oral Films with Tunable Characteristics Using CMC-Based Inks from Durian Rind Wastes. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 186:30-42. [PMID: 36933810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
With the growing interest in environmentally friendly and personalized medicines, new concept for combining three-dimensional printing (3DP) with natural-based biomaterials derived from agro-food wastes has emerged. This approach provides sustainable solutions for agricultural waste management and potential for developing of novel pharmaceutical products with tunable characteristics. This work demonstrated the feasibility of fabricating personalized theophylline films with four different structures (Full, Grid, Star, and Hilbert) using syringe extrusion 3DP and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) derived from durian rind wastes. Our findings suggested that all the CMC-based inks with shear thinning properties capable of being extruded smoothly through a small nozzle could potentially be used to fabricate the films with various complex printing patterns and high structural fidelity. The results also demonstrated that the film characteristics and release profiles could be easily modified by simply changing the slicing parameters (e.g., infill density and printing pattern). Amongst all formulations, Grid film, which was 3D-printed with 40% infill and a grid pattern, demonstrated a highly porous structure with high total pore volume. The voids between printing layers in Grid film increased theophylline release (up to 90% in 45 min) through improved wetting and water penetration. All findings in this study provide significant insight into how to modify film characteristics simply by digitally changing the printing pattern in slicer software without creating a new CAD model. This approach could help to simplify the 3DP process so that non-specialist users can easily implement it in community pharmacies or hospital on demand.
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Drug release and thermal properties of magnetic cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanocomposite hydrogels based on poly(acrylic acid-g-N-isopropyl acrylamide) grafted onto gum ghatti. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:358-369. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Chen M, Yang G, Liu Y, Lv Y, Sun S, Liu M. Preparation of amino-modified cellulose aerogels and adsorption on typical diclofenac sodium contaminant. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:19790-19802. [PMID: 34718983 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17214-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A new functional cellulose aerogel (Cell@PEI) with high adsorption efficiency was prepared for the removal of diclofenac sodium (DCF) by ammonification cross-linked polyethyleneimine (PEI) with the surface of cellulose. The fabricated Cell@PEI adsorbent was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), etc. The results demonstrated that the Cell@PEI exhibited a distinct three-dimensional cell structure and was rich in functional groups, i.e., -OH, C = O, -NH2, and C = C. The Cell@PEI presented a stable crystal structure and large specific surface area (241.41 m2·g-1), which was approximately 42 times as much as bare cellulose aerogel (5.82 m2·g-1). In addition, a series of adsorption experiments showed that the adsorbent had good adsorption performance for DCF with a maximum adsorption capacity of 294.12 mg·g-1. Furthermore, the adsorption of DCF on Cell@PEI was well corresponded with the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order adsorption model. Thermodynamic study proved that adsorption was a spontaneous exothermic reaction. Moreover, the introduction of PEI into Cell@PEI aerogel enhanced the electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding, promoting DCF adsorption. Importantly, the Cell@PEI aerogel could be reused up to five times desorbed by NaOH (0.5 mol/L). Considering the above results, the fabricated aerogel material can be applied to remove organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiang Chen
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Guifang Yang
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Yuancai Lv
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Shengxun Sun
- School of Toronto Montessori, Elgin Mills Campus, Richmond Hill, L4C 5G1, Canada
| | - Minghua Liu
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, Fujian, China.
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Li H, Zhang J, Zhu L, Liu H, Yu S, Xue J, Zhu X, Xue Q. Reusable membrane with multifunctional skin layer for effective removal of insoluble emulsified oils and soluble dyes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125677. [PMID: 34088181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The organic pollutants, typical of emulsified oils and soluble organic dyes, is commonly found in wastewater, however simultaneous removal of them remains challenging because of their difference in surface charge, molecule size, and solubility in water. Inspired by the water purification of the earth's multilayer strata, a fibrous membrane with multifunctional skin is fabricated by coupling sub-micrometer pores layer of polyaniline (PANI) and nano molecular brush of polyacrylic acid (PAA)/polyethyleneimine (PEI) on polyacrylonitrile membrane, for cross-scale organic pollution/water separation. This ultrathin skin of PANI/PAA/PEI is endowed with sub-micrometer pores and strong hydration, which can effectively prevent tiny oil droplets from entering or adhering the membrane pores. Furthermore, this skin with double electric layer can selectively adsorb and even filtrate anionic/cationic dyes by protonation and deprotonation effect in different pH solutions. The synergy of these features enables this membrane with ultra-high water flux (>3000 L m-2 h-1 bar-1), oil rejection rates (>99.6%), and anionic/cationic dyes adsorbability (>49.1 mg/g). Besides, the membrane also exhibits desirable reusability, excellent mechanical durability and outstanding acid/alkali resistance, promising for removal of insoluble emulsified oils and soluble organic dyes in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jianqiang Zhang
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Lei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Hailong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, PR China
| | - Shifan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jinwei Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qingzhong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, PR China.
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Ghiorghita CA, Mihai M. Recent developments in layer-by-layer assembled systems application in water purification. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 270:129477. [PMID: 33388497 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatically-based layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly is a versatile surface functionalization technique allowing the construction of complex three-dimensional architectures on virtually any type of material using various combinations of nano-bricks. One of the most promising applications of LbL assembled systems is in water purification. The main two strategies developed in this purpose consist in either enhancing the barrier properties of separation membranes and in the construction of core-shell organic/inorganic sorbents. In this review, the recent achievements in this topic are discussed with respect to the use of LbL-based composites in desalination and removal of heavy metal ions or organic pollutants. Finally, some works dealing with economic aspects of using LbL assemblies for water purification are presented, thus highlighting forthcoming strategies to develop economically-viable materials for such applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcela Mihai
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A, 700487, Iasi, Romania
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Ghiorghita CA, Ghimici L, Ailiesei GL. Synthesis of Thiourea-Graft-Polyethyleneimine and Its Performance in Flocculation of Some Inorganic Particles. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luminita Ghimici
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A, Iasi 700487, Romania
| | - Gabriela-Liliana Ailiesei
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A, Iasi 700487, Romania
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Godiya CB, Kumar S, Xiao Y. Amine functionalized egg albumin hydrogel with enhanced adsorption potential for diclofenac sodium in water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 393:122417. [PMID: 32143162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The removal of diclofenac sodium (DFS) from wastewater has attracted increasing attention because it is within the extensively prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and pose ecotoxicity. Therefore, fabrication of versatile adsorbents of low-cost, higher-effectiveness and excellent recyclability is significant for the treatment of DFS contaminated wastewater. This work reports a promising biobased egg albumin (ALB) hydrogel functionalized with a large density of adsorptive amine sites via polyethyleneimine (PEI). The composite ALB/PEI hydrogel demonstrated an excellent DFS removal capacity, i.e. 232.5 mg/g, in an optimum experimental condition (pH∼6; contact time∼180 min; adsorbent dosage∼0.5 g/L) which revealed to be considerably higher or competitive than many reported adsorbents. The adsorption isotherms better accorded with the Langmuir model and the kinetics with the pseudo second-order model, indicating the mono-layer chemisorption process. Besides, the regeneration steps up to four sequential adsorption/desorption cycles demonstrated an excellent reusability. The Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results implied that the adsorption process followed via the electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and π-π stacking between the functionality of hydrogel and aromatic rings of DFS. Considering the low-cost, and an excellent DFS removal capacity, the natural composite ALB/PEI hydrogel could be a promising adsorbent for the treatment of DFS contaminated wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirag B Godiya
- Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, PR China.
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi, Via- Premnagar, Dehradun, 248007, India.
| | - Yonghou Xiao
- Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, PR China.
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Citryl-imine-PEG-ylated chitosan hydrogels - Promising materials for drug delivery applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:1323-1337. [PMID: 32599243 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present paper focuses on the synthesis and characterization of new hydrogels and drug delivery systems, designed for local therapy. The hydrogels were obtained by reacting PEG-ylated chitosan derivatives with citral in different molar ratios of their functionalities. The drug delivery systems were obtained by the in situ hydrogelation of PEG-ylated chitosan derivatives with citral, in the presence of a hydrophilic anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac sodium salt. The hydrogels and the drug delivery systems were characterized from the structural, supramolecular and morphological points of view by FTIR spectroscopy, wide angle X-ray diffraction, polarized optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The in vitro release kinetics of the drug has been monitored in physiological conditions, while the in vivo release was evaluated by the somatic pain model on rats. The in vitro enzymatic degradability of the hydrogels was evaluated in the presence of lysozyme, leading to a significant mass loss of 47% in 21 days. All the findings, recommend the investigated materials as promising candidates for local drug delivery applications.
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Ghiorghita CA, Bucatariu F, Dragan ES. Influence of cross-linking in loading/release applications of polyelectrolyte multilayer assemblies. A review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 105:110050. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Dragan ES, Dinu MV. Polysaccharides constructed hydrogels as vehicles for proteins and peptides. A review. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 225:115210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Fabrication of polyethylenimine-functionalized sodium alginate/cellulose nanocrystal/polyvinyl alcohol core–shell microspheres ((PVA/SA/CNC)@PEI) for diclofenac sodium adsorption. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 554:48-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.06.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Bucatariu F, Ghiorghita CA, Schwarz D, Boita T, Mihai M. Layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte architectures with ultra-fast and high loading/release properties for copper ions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.123704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Ghiorghita CA, Bucatariu F, Dragan ES. Poly(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate/sodium alginate multilayers and their interaction with proteins/enzymes. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 107:1584-1590. [PMID: 28993296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present work is to construct and investigate the properties of novel polyelectrolyte multilayers consisting of poly(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (PDMAEMA) and sodium alginate (SA). The influence of PDMAEMA's pH dependent ionization degree on the charge balance, thickness and roughness of the multilayer films was assessed by potentiometric titrations, dye sorption and atomic force microscopy. Moreover, the cross-linking of PDMAEMA/SA films with a dihalogenated aromatic derivative with high reactivity (α,α'-dichloro-p-xylene) by means of Menshutkin reaction and the stability of the multilayer architecture to repeated treatments with NaOH are demonstrated. Also, the interaction of the obtained films with various proteins/enzymes (pepsin, bovine serum albumin, haemoglobin and lysozyme) is investigated. It was found that biomolecules with the isoelectric point in the acidic region of pH were adsorbed in a higher amount than the biomolecules with the isoelectric point in the basic region of pH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florin Bucatariu
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ecaterina Stela Dragan
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania.
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