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Dhellemmes L, Leclercq L, Frick H, Höchsmann A, Schaschke N, Neusüß C, Cottet H. Investigating cationic and zwitterionic successive multiple ionic-polymer layer coatings for protein separation by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1720:464802. [PMID: 38507871 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Successive multiple ionic-polymer layers (SMILs) have long since proved their worth in capillary electrophoresis as they ensure stable electroosmotic flow (EOF) and relatively high separation efficiency. Recently, we demonstrated that plotting the plate height (H) against the solute migration velocity (u) enabled a reliable quantitative evaluation of the coating performances in terms of separation efficiency. In this work, various physicochemical and chemical parameters of the SMIL coating were studied and optimized in order to decrease the slope of the ascending part of the H vs u curve, which is known to be controlled by the homogeneity in charge of the coating surface and by the possible residual solute adsorption onto the coating surface. SMILs based on poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) and poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) (PSS) were formed and the effect of each polyelectrolyte molar mass and of the number of polyelectrolyte layers (up to 21 layers) was studied. The use of polyethylene imine as an anchoring first layer was considered. More polyelectrolyte couples based on PDADMAC, polybrene, PSS, poly(vinyl sulfate), and poly(acrylic acid) were tested. Finally, zwitterionic polymers based on the poly(α-l-lysine) scaffold were synthesized and used as the last layer of SMILs, illustrating their ability to finetune the EOF, while maintaining good separation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Dhellemmes
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Leclercq
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Henry Frick
- Faculty of Chemistry, Aalen University, Aalen, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Hervé Cottet
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
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2
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Roca S, Leclercq L, Cottet H. Size-based characterization of dendrigraft poly(L-lysine) by free solution capillary electrophoresis using polyelectrolyte multilayer coatings. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1718:464719. [PMID: 38340458 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Dendrigraft poly(L-lysine) (DGL) constitutes a promising dendritic-like drug vehicle with high biocompatibility and straightforward access via ring-opening polymerization of N-carboxyanhydride in water. The characterization of the different generations of DGL is however challenging due to their heterogeneity in molar mass and branching ratio. In this work, free solution capillary electrophoresis was used to perform selective separation of the three first generations of DGL, and optimized conditions were developed to maximize inter-generation resolution. To reduce solute adsorption on the capillary wall, successive multiple ionic polymer layer coatings terminated with a polycation were deposited onto the inner wall surface. PEGylated polycation was also used as the last layer for the control of the electroosmotic flow (EOF), depending on the PEGylation degree and the methyl-polyethylene glycol (mPEG) chain length. 1 kDa mPEG chains and low grafting densities were found to be the best experimental conditions for a fine tuning of the EOF leading to high peak resolution. Molar mass polydispersity and polydispersity in effective electrophoretic mobility were successfully determined for the three first generations of DGL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Roca
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Leclercq
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Hervé Cottet
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
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3
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Roca S, Leclercq L, Gonzalez P, Dhellemmes L, Boiteau L, Rydzek G, Cottet H. Modifying last layer in polyelectrolyte multilayer coatings for capillary electrophoresis of proteins. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1692:463837. [PMID: 36804799 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Protein adsorption on the inner wall of the fused silica capillary wall is an important concern for capillary electrophoresis (CE) analysis since it is mainly responsible for separation efficiency reduction. Successive Multiple Ionic-polymer Layers (SMIL) are used as capillary coatings to limit protein adsorption, but even low residual adsorption strongly impacts the separation efficiency, especially at high separation voltages. In this work, the influence of the chemical nature and the PEGylation of the polyelectrolyte deposited in the last layer of the SMIL coating was investigated on the separation performances of a mixture of four model intact proteins (myoglobin (Myo), trypsin inhibitor (TI), ribonuclease a (RNAse A) and lysozyme (Lyz)). Poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), polyethyleneimine (PEI), ε-poly(L-lysine) (εPLL) and α-poly(L-lysine) (αPLL) were compared before and after chemical modification with polyethyleneglycol (PEG) of different chain lengths. The experimental results obtained by performing electrophoretic separations at different separation voltages allowed determining the residual retention factor of the proteins onto the capillary wall via the determination of the plate height at different solute velocities and demonstrated a strong impact of the polycationic last layer on the electroosmotic mobility, the separation efficiency and the overall resolution. Properties of SMIL coatings were also characterized by quartz microbalance and atomic force microscopy, demonstrating a glassy structure of the films.
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Roupie C, Labat B, Morin-Grognet S, Echalard A, Ladam G, Thébault P. Dual-functional antibacterial and osteogenic nisin-based layer-by-layer coatings. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2021; 131:112479. [PMID: 34857265 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Implanted biomaterials can be regarded in a cornerstone in the domain of bone surgery. Their surfaces are expected to fulfil two particular requirements: preventing the settlement and the development of bacteria, and stimulating bone cells in view to foster osseointegration. Therefore, a modern approach consists in the design of dual functional coatings with both antibacterial and osteogenic features. To this end, we developed ultrathin Layer-by-Layer (LbL) coatings composed of biocompatible polyelectrolytes, namely chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) and poly-l-lysine (PLL). The coatings were crosslinked with genipin (GnP), a natural and biocompatible crosslinking agent, to increase their resistance against environmental changes, and to confer them adequate mechanical properties with regards to bone cell behaviors. Antibacterial activity was obtained with nisin Z, an antimicrobial peptide (AMP), which is active against gram-positive bacteria. The coatings had a significant bactericidal impact upon Staphylococcus aureus, with fully maintained bone cell adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Roupie
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, Bd Maurice de Broglie, 76821 Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, France; Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000 Évreux, France
| | - Béatrice Labat
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000 Évreux, France
| | - Sandrine Morin-Grognet
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000 Évreux, France
| | - Aline Echalard
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000 Évreux, France
| | - Guy Ladam
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000 Évreux, France
| | - Pascal Thébault
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, Bd Maurice de Broglie, 76821 Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, France.
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5
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Roupie C, Labat B, Morin-Grognet S, Thébault P, Ladam G. Nisin-based antibacterial and antiadhesive layer-by-layer coatings. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 208:112121. [PMID: 34600362 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Some removable medical devices such as catheters and cardiovascular biomaterials require antiadhesive properties towards both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells in order to prevent the tissues from infections upon implantation and, from alteration upon removal. In order to inhibit cell adhesion, we developed ultrathin hydrated Layer-by-Layer (LbL) coatings composed of biocompatible polyelectrolytes, namely chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) and poly-l-lysine (PLL). The coatings were crosslinked with genipin (GnP), a natural and biocompatible crosslinking agent, to increase their resistance against environmental changes. In order to confer antibacterial activity to the coatings, we proceeded to the electrostatically-driven immobilization of nisin Z, an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) active against gram-positive bacteria. The nisin-enriched coatings had a significantly increased anti-proliferative impact on fibroblasts, as well as a strong contact-killing activity against Staphylococcus aureus in the short and long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Roupie
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, Bd Maurice de Broglie, 76821 Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, France; Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000 Évreux, France
| | - Béatrice Labat
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000 Évreux, France
| | - Sandrine Morin-Grognet
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000 Évreux, France
| | - Pascal Thébault
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, Bd Maurice de Broglie, 76821 Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Guy Ladam
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, 55 rue Saint-Germain, 27000 Évreux, France.
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Liu X, Liu WC, Wang HY, Li VL, Chen YC, Wang AN, Wu CJ, Li Y, Zhao G, Lin C, Panda AK, Keerthi M, Chung RJ. Polyelectrolyte multilayer composite coating on 316 L stainless steel for controlled release of dual growth factors accelerating restoration of bone defects. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2021; 126:112187. [PMID: 34082986 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A composite coating of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) consisting of collagen, a chitosan barrier, and poly-γ-glutamic acid was fabricated using a spin coating technique to investigate and overcome the limited osseointegration capacity of 316 L stainless steel (316 L SS). To further enhance the biocompatibility, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and basic fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) were loaded separately as dual growth factors, allowing for progressive drug release following the natural process of bone regeneration. The first burst release of FGF-2 triggered the proliferation of surrounding cells, and the subsequent release of BMP-2 stimulated their differentiation. The microstructure, surface potential, hardness, reduced Young's modulus, and wettability were assessed using scanning electron microscopy, nanoindentation, and water contact angle. The formation of apatite layers after immersion in simulated body fluid confirmed the bioactivity of this PEM. PEMs loaded with BMP-2 and FGF-2 showed a long sustained release of growth factors for up to 48 days. The biological properties were studied in vitro with rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) and in vivo using a rat critical-sized calvarial defect model. PEMs loaded with growth factors further stimulated the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs and the histology results indicated that new bone tissues could directly grow onto the PEMs. These findings suggest that PEM composite coating possesses significant potential for surface modification and long-term drug release of metallic implants to assist with bone restoration.
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7
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Kienle DF, Schwartz DK. Single molecule characterization of anomalous transport in a thin, anisotropic film. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1154:338331. [PMID: 33736806 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The diffusion of small, charged molecules incorporated in an anisotropic polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) was tracked in three dimensions by combining single-molecule fluorescence localization (to characterize lateral diffusion) with Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between diffusing molecules and the supporting surface (to measure diffusion in the surface-normal direction). Analysis of the surface-normal diffusion required model-based statistical analysis to account for the inherently noisy FRET signal. Combining these distinct single-molecule methods, which are inherently sensitive to different length-scales, permitted simultaneous characterization of severely anisotropic diffusion, which was more than three orders of magnitude slower in the surface-normal direction. We hypothesize that the anomalously slow surface-normal diffusion was related to the periodic distribution of charge in the PEM, which created electrostatic barriers. The motion was strongly subdiffusive, with anomalous temporal scaling exponents in lateral and normal directions, suggesting a connection to the transient, random fractal conformation of polymer chains in the film's matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Kienle
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Daniel K Schwartz
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
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8
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Panda PK, Yang JM, Chang YH. Preparation and characterization of ferulic acid-modified water soluble chitosan and poly (γ-glutamic acid) polyelectrolyte films through layer-by-layer assembly towards protein adsorption. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 171:457-464. [PMID: 33421474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, ferulic acid-modified water soluble chitosan and poly (γ-glutamic acid) polyelectrolyte multilayers films were constructed through the layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly technique. Chitosan (CS) or ferulic acid modified chitosan (MCS) and Poly (γ-glutamic acid) (PGA) was alternately deposited on the surface of glass substrate for the enhancement of surface modification. The obtained films were characterized by Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-vis spectroscopy and water contact angle to study its physico-chemical properties including protein absorption. The (PGA/MCS) films showed intense deposition of multilayers built upon the surface roughness and an increase in the exponential growth of multilayer films by UV-vis spectroscopy. Water contact angle indicated that the (PGA/MCS) films performed well with good wettability due to the increase in the number of layers. The LBL multilayer coatings of (PGA/MCS) films surface possessed a reduced amount of protein adsorption. These results indicated that it can resist the protein adsorption and can enhance the biocompatibility towards the biomedical application through the protein interaction. The (PGA/MCS) films has the potential to utilization as a good biomaterial for biomedical purposes to intensify the bio-active surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar Panda
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Ming Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of General Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Hsiang Chang
- Department of General Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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9
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Kristó K, Szekeres M, Makai Z, Márki Á, Kelemen A, Bali L, Pallai Z, Dékány I, Csóka I. Preparation and investigation of core-shell nanoparticles containing human interferon-α. Int J Pharm 2019; 573:118825. [PMID: 31715360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Sustained release of active interferon-α (IFN-α) has been achieved from core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) prepared by aqueous precipitation of IFN-α-enriched human serum albumin (HSA-IFN-α) and layer-by-layer (L-b-L) by coating of the IFN-α NPs with poly(sodium-4-styrene) sulphonate (PSS) and chitosan (Chit). The concentration and the pH of HSA solution were optimized during the development of this method. Dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta-potential, thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and termogravimetry (TG)), X-ray diffraction (XRD), IFN-α activity and morphology (transmission electron microscope (TEM)) studies were used to control the preparation and analyse the products. The dissolution kinetics of NPs was measured in vitro over 7 days in Hanson dissolution tester with Millex membrane. In vivo studies in Pannon white rabbit detected steady IFN-α plasma level for 10 days after subcutaneous injection administration of the HSA-IFN-α NPs. The IFN-α plasma concentration was detected by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. In the present paper we discuss the preparation method, the optimization steps and the results of in vitro and in vivo release studies. It was established that 76.13% HSA-IFN-α are encapsulated in the core-shell NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Kristó
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Márta Szekeres
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Aradi v.t.1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Makai
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Árpád Márki
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Kelemen
- Department of Applied Informatics, University of Szeged, Boldogasszony sgt. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Bali
- Trigon Biotechnological Ltd., Bánk Bán u. 6, H-1115 Budapest Hungary
| | - Zsolt Pallai
- Trigon Biotechnological Ltd., Bánk Bán u. 6, H-1115 Budapest Hungary
| | - Imre Dékány
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Aradi v.t.1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tét 8, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Csóka
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
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Rodríguez López ADL, Lee MR, Ortiz BJ, Gastfriend BD, Whitehead R, Lynn DM, Palecek SP. Preventing S. aureus biofilm formation on titanium surfaces by the release of antimicrobial β-peptides from polyelectrolyte multilayers. Acta Biomater 2019; 93:50-62. [PMID: 30831325 PMCID: PMC6693497 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus infections represent the major cause of titanium based-orthopaedic implant failure. Current treatments for S. aureus infections involve the systemic delivery of antibiotics and additional surgeries, increasing health-care costs and affecting patient's quality of life. As a step toward the development of new strategies that can prevent these infections, we build upon previous work demonstrating that the colonization of catheters by the fungal pathogen Candida albicans can be prevented by coating them with thin polymer multilayers composed of chitosan (CH) and hyaluronic acid (HA) designed to release a β-amino acid-based peptidomimetic of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). We demonstrate here that this β-peptide is also potent against S. aureus (MBPC = 4 μg/mL) and characterize its selectivity toward S. aureus biofilms. We demonstrate further that β-peptide-containing CH/HA thin-films can be fabricated on the surfaces of rough planar titanium substrates in ways that allow mammalian cell attachment and permit the long-term release of β-peptide. β-Peptide loading on CH/HA thin-films was then adjusted to achieve release of β-peptide quantities that selectively prevent S. aureus biofilms on titanium substrates in vitro for up to 24 days and remained antimicrobial after being challenged sequentially five times with S. aureus inocula, while causing no significant MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cytotoxicity compared to uncoated and film-coated controls lacking β-peptide. We conclude that these β-peptide-containing films offer a novel and promising localized delivery approach for preventing orthopaedic implant infections. The facile fabrication and loading of β-peptide-containing films reported here provides opportunities for coating other medical devices prone to biofilm-associated infections. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are used widely in orthopaedic devices due to their mechanical strength and long-term biocompatibility. However, these devices are susceptible to bacterial colonization and the subsequent formation of biofilms. Here we report a chitosan and hyaluronic acid polyelectrolyte multilayer-based approach for the localized delivery of helical, cationic, globally amphiphilic β-peptide mimetics of antimicrobial peptides to inhibit S. aureus colonization and biofilm formation. Our results reveal that controlled release of this β-peptide can selectively kill S. aureus cells without exhibiting toxicity toward MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cells. Further development of this polymer-based coating could result in new strategies for preventing orthopaedic implant-related infections, improving outcomes of these titanium implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica de L Rodríguez López
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 1509 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Myung-Ryul Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Drive, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Benjamín J Ortiz
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Drive, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Benjamin D Gastfriend
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Drive, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Riley Whitehead
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Drive, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - David M Lynn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 1509 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Drive, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Chemistry, 1101 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Sean P Palecek
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 1509 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Drive, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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11
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Abstract
Layer-by-layer (LbL) films are assembled with poly(amido amine)s (PAAs), a type of polycations containing bioreducible disulfide bond, and DNA plasmids to enable LbL film degradation in physiologic conditions by reacting with glutathione or redox-active membrane proteins. The interior layer structure of the LbL films during assembly and disassembly is studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM), ellipsometry, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and fluorescence spectroscopy. Insertion of barrier layers in bioreducible LbL films is necessary to stabilize the interior layer structure and slow down the film degradation rate to achieve sequential gene delivery. Localized gene delivery from the LbL films is demonstrated using human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK 293) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Xie
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yi Zou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sean Carroll
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Maria Muniz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Guangzhao Mao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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12
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Kruk T, Gołda-Cępa M, Szczepanowicz K, Szyk-Warszyńska L, Brzychczy-Włoch M, Kotarba A, Warszyński P. Nanocomposite multifunctional polyelectrolyte thin films with copper nanoparticles as the antimicrobial coatings. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 181:112-118. [PMID: 31128510 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The work presents the formation and physicochemical characterization of polyelectrolyte-copper nanocomposite coatings using: poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) as a polycation, poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate)(PSS) as a polyanion and negatively charged copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) to obtain biocompatible surfaces with an antibacterial functionality. The mass and thickness of composite films were investigated by the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and the ellipsometry whereas, the structure and morphology of coatings were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The increase of the UV-Vis absorption confirmed the formation of the consecutive layers of the film. Antibacterial activity of the coatings was tested on a representative Gram-positive bacteria strain, Staphylococcus aureus. The microbiological tests were performed and bacteria visualized using fluorescent staining and microscopic technique. It was demonstrated that nanostructured films had antibacterial properties, which makes polyelectrolyte multilayer films containing copper an interesting material in biomedical applications area, e.g., for the prevention of microbial deposition on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kruk
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland.
| | - M Gołda-Cępa
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, PL-30387 Krakow, Poland
| | - K Szczepanowicz
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
| | - L Szyk-Warszyńska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
| | - M Brzychczy-Włoch
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, PL-31121 Krakow, Poland
| | - A Kotarba
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, PL-30387 Krakow, Poland
| | - P Warszyński
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
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Ball V, Mougharbel AS, Kortz U. Uniform trend in layer-by-layer deposition of heteropolytungstates. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 533:771-778. [PMID: 30199833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.08.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The layer-by-layer deposition of films including polyoxometalates (POMs) results in a very interesting range of applications in various fields such as electrochemical devices and as photochromic coatings. However, the fundamental knowledge of the parameters responsible for tuning the properties of the film (i.e. relation between the structure and composition of the POM and the properties of the final film) is still lacking. EXPERIMENTS The current work establishes the relationship between the film thickness, the quantity of POM incorporated in each layer and the electrochemical response of the (PAH-POM)x coatings, where PAH is poly(allylamine hydrochloride). FINDINGS The results presented in this work show that the film thickness, composition and electrochemical activity scale proportionally with the number of W atoms in a series of heteropolytungstates ranging from 5 to 48 (P2W5, PW12, P2V3W15, P2W18, P5W30, P8W48). The obtained results allow us to establish a method to predict the behavior as well as the properties of the film based on the nature of the POM used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Ball
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 Rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1121, 11 Rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
| | - Ali S Mougharbel
- Jacobs University, Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Kortz
- Jacobs University, Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany.
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14
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Szczepanowicz K, Kruk T, Świątek W, Bouzga AM, Simon CR, Warszyński P. Poly(l-glutamic acid)-g-poly(ethylene glycol) external layer in polyelectrolyte multilayer films: Characterization and resistance to serum protein adsorption. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 166:295-302. [PMID: 29604572 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Formation of protein-resistant surfaces is a major challenge in the design of novel biomaterials and an important strategy to prevent protein adsorption is the formation of protein-resistant coatings. It can be achieved by proper modification of surfaces, e.g., by immobilization of hydrophilic polymers such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). An appropriate method to immobilize PEG at charged surfaces is the adsorption of copolymers with PEG chains grafted onto polyelectrolyte backbone. The growing interest in the use of polyelectrolyte multilayer coatings in biomedical applications to improve biocompatibility and/or to prepare coating with antiadhesive properties has been the main reason for these studies. Therefore the aim was to produce protein resistant polyelectrolyte multilayer films. They were formed via the layer-by-layer approach, while their pegylation by the deposition of pegylated polyanion, PGA-g-PEG, as an external layer. The influence of PEG chain length and grafting density of PGA-g-PEG copolymers on the protein antiadhesive properties of pegylated polyelectrolyte multilayer films was investigated. To monitor the formation of pegylated and non-pegylated multilayer films, adsorption of the following proteins: HSA, Fibrinogen, and FBS were measured by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM - D). We found that protein adsorption onto all pegylated polyelectrolyte multilayers was significantly reduced in comparison to non-pegylated ones. Long-term performance tests confirmed the stability and the durability of the protein resistant properties of the pegylated multilayers. Antiadhesive properties of tested surfaces pegylated by PGA-g-PEG were compared to the available data for pegylated polycation PLL-g-PEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Szczepanowicz
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Kruk
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Świątek
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Aud M Bouzga
- SINTEF Material and Chemistry, Forskningsveien 1, N-0314 Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian R Simon
- SINTEF Material and Chemistry, Forskningsveien 1, N-0314 Oslo, Norway
| | - Piotr Warszyński
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
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15
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Ghiorghita CA, Bucatariu F, Dragan ES. Poly(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate/sodium alginate multilayers and their interaction with proteins/enzymes. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 107:1584-1590. [PMID: 28993296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present work is to construct and investigate the properties of novel polyelectrolyte multilayers consisting of poly(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (PDMAEMA) and sodium alginate (SA). The influence of PDMAEMA's pH dependent ionization degree on the charge balance, thickness and roughness of the multilayer films was assessed by potentiometric titrations, dye sorption and atomic force microscopy. Moreover, the cross-linking of PDMAEMA/SA films with a dihalogenated aromatic derivative with high reactivity (α,α'-dichloro-p-xylene) by means of Menshutkin reaction and the stability of the multilayer architecture to repeated treatments with NaOH are demonstrated. Also, the interaction of the obtained films with various proteins/enzymes (pepsin, bovine serum albumin, haemoglobin and lysozyme) is investigated. It was found that biomolecules with the isoelectric point in the acidic region of pH were adsorbed in a higher amount than the biomolecules with the isoelectric point in the basic region of pH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florin Bucatariu
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ecaterina Stela Dragan
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania.
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16
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Martins NI, Sousa MP, Custódio CA, Pinto VC, Sousa PJ, Minas G, Cleymand F, Mano JF. Multilayered membranes with tuned well arrays to be used as regenerative patches. Acta Biomater 2017; 57:313-23. [PMID: 28438703 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Membranes have been explored as patches in tissue repair and regeneration, most of them presenting a flat geometry or a patterned texture at the nano/micrometer scale. Herein, a new concept of a flexible membrane featuring well arrays forming pore-like environments to accommodate cell culture is proposed. The processing of such membranes using polysaccharides is based on the production of multilayers using the layer-by-layer methodology over a patterned PDMS substrate. The detached multilayered membrane exhibits a layer of open pores at one side and a total thickness of 38±2.2µm. The photolithography technology used to produce the molds allows obtaining wells on the final membranes with a tuned shape and micro-scale precision. The influence of post-processing procedures over chitosan/alginate films with 100 double layers, including crosslinking with genipin or fibronectin immobilization, on the adhesion and proliferation of human osteoblast-like cells is also investigated. The results suggest that the presence of patterned wells affects positively cell adhesion, morphology and proliferation. In particular, it is seen that cells colonized preferentially the well regions. The geometrical features with micro to sub-millimeter patterned wells, together with the nano-scale organization of the polymeric components along the thickness of the film will allow to engineer highly versatile multilayered membranes exhibiting a pore-like microstructure in just one of the sides, that could be adaptable in the regeneration of multiple tissues. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Flexible multilayered membranes containing multiple micro-reservoirs are found as potential regenerative patches. Layer-by-layer (LbL) methodology over a featured PDMS substrate is used to produce patterned membranes, composed only by natural-based polymers, that can be easily detached from the PDMS substrate. The combination of nano-scale control of the polymeric organization along the thickness of the chitosan/alginate (CHT/ALG) membranes, provided by LbL, together with the geometrical micro-scale features of the patterned membranes offers a uniqueness system that allows cells to colonize 3-dimensionally. This study provides a promising strategy to control cellular spatial organization that can face the region of the tissue to regenerate.
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17
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Das BP, Tsianou M. From polyelectrolyte complexes to polyelectrolyte multilayers: Electrostatic assembly, nanostructure, dynamics, and functional properties. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 244:71-89. [PMID: 28499602 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) are three-dimensional macromolecular structures formed by association of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes in solution. Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) can be considered a special case of PECs prepared by layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly that involves sequential deposition of molecular-thick polyelectrolyte layers with nanoscale control over the size, shape, composition and internal organization. Although many functional PEMs with novel physical and chemical characteristics have been developed, the current practical applications of PEMs are limited to those that require only a few bilayers and are relatively easy to prepare. The viability of such engineered materials can be realized only after overcoming the scientific and engineering challenges of understanding the kinetics and transport phenomena involved in the multilayer growth and the factors governing their final structure, composition, and response to external stimuli. There is a great need to model PEMs and to connect PEM behavior with the characteristics of the PEC counterparts to allow for prediction of performance and better design of multilayered materials. This review focuses on the relationship between PEMs and PECs. The constitutive interactions, the thermodynamics and kinetics of polyelectrolyte complexation and PEM formation, PEC phase behavior, PEM growth, the internal structure and stability in PEMs and PECs, and their response to external stimuli are presented. Knowledge of such interactions and behavior can guide rapid fabrication of PEMs and can aid their applications as nanocomposites, coatings, nano-sized reactors, capsules, drug delivery systems, and in electrochemical and sensing devices. The challenges and opportunities in future research directions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswa P Das
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York (SUNY), Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, United States
| | - Marina Tsianou
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York (SUNY), Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, United States.
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18
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Cassin ME, Ford AJ, Orbach SM, Saverot SE, Rajagopalan P. The design of antimicrobial LL37-modified collagen-hyaluronic acid detachable multilayers. Acta Biomater 2016; 40:119-129. [PMID: 27109763 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The design of antimicrobial membranes and thin films are critical for the design of biomaterials that can combat bacterial contamination. Since the long-term use of conventional antibiotics can result in bacterial resistance, there is a critical need to incorporate natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that not only prevent a wide range of pathogens from causing infections but can also promote many beneficial outcomes in wounded tissues. We report the design and antimicrobial properties of detachable collagen (COL)/hyaluronic acid (HA) polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) modified with LL-37, a naturally occurring human AMP. LL-37 was physically adsorbed and chemically immobilized on the surface of PEMs. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of PEMs were tested with Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli, strain DH10B) and primary rat hepatocytes, respectively. The ability to prevent bacterial adhesion and to neutralize an E. coli layer was investigated as a function of LL-37 concentration. An interesting trend was that even unmodified PEMs exhibited a 40% reduction in bacterial adhesion. When LL-37 was physically adsorbed on PEMs, bacterial adhesion was significantly lower on the surface of the films as well as in the surrounding broth. Immobilizing LL-37 resulted in less than 3% bacterial adhesion on the surface due to the presence of the peptide. LL-37 modified PEMs did not result in any cytotoxicity up to input concentrations of 16μM. More importantly, urea and albumin secretion by hepatocytes were unaffected even at high LL-37 concentrations. The COL/HA PEMs can serve as antimicrobial coatings, biological membranes and as in vitro platforms to investigate pathogen-tissue interactions. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are emerging as an alternative to conventional antibiotics. We report the antimicrobial properties of detachable collagen (COL)/hyaluronic acid (HA) polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) modified with LL-37, a human AMP. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties were tested with gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli, strain DH10B) and primary rat hepatocytes, respectively. Unmodified PEMs exhibited a 40% reduction in bacterial adhesion. When LL-37 was physically adsorbed on PEMs, the sustained release of the active peptide killed planktonic bacteria. Immobilizing LL-37 resulted in less than 3% bacterial adhesion. LL-37 modified PEMs did not result in cytotoxicity up to input concentrations of 16μM. The COL/HA PEMs can serve as antimicrobial coatings and to investigate pathogen-cell interactions.
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Naves AF, Motay M, Mérindol R, Davi CP, Felix O, Catalani LH, Decher G. Layer-by-Layer assembled growth factor reservoirs for steering the response of 3T3-cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 139:79-86. [PMID: 26700236 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assemblies of heparin (Hep) and chitosan (Chi) were prepared for use as reservoirs for acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors (aFGFs and bFGFs, respectively). The effects of the architecture and composition of the reservoirs on the viability and proliferation of NIH-3T3 fibroblast cells were studied under starvation conditions. The reservoir stability was monitored by ellipsometry. The aFGF and bFGF loadings were determined using a dissipation-enhanced quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D). Stability and release assays were performed in a phosphate buffer at physiological conditions. The results demonstrated that the amount of aFGF and bFGF loaded into and released from LbL reservoirs composed of 3 and 6 layer pairs could be controlled. Cell culture assays in low serum culture medium (LSCM) demonstrated that incorporating very small amounts of aFGF and bFGF into the (Hep/Chi)n multilayers significantly improved the proliferation of the NIH-3T3 fibroblasts. The cells did not proliferate on (Hep/Chi)n assemblies prepared in the absence of FGF under identical conditions. The LbL reservoirs were highly effective for the long-term storage (up to 9 months) of aFGF and bFGF. This work demonstrates the potential of LbL reservoirs for use as biomaterial coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alliny F Naves
- C.N.R.S., Institut Charles Sadron, 23 rue du Loess, F-67034 Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chimie, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67008 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Marvin Motay
- C.N.R.S., Institut Charles Sadron, 23 rue du Loess, F-67034 Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chimie, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67008 Strasbourg, France
| | - Rémi Mérindol
- C.N.R.S., Institut Charles Sadron, 23 rue du Loess, F-67034 Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chimie, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67008 Strasbourg, France
| | - Christiane P Davi
- C.N.R.S., Institut Charles Sadron, 23 rue du Loess, F-67034 Strasbourg, France; Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas CCNH, Universidade Federal do ABC, Rua Santa Adélia, 166, 09210-170, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Olivier Felix
- C.N.R.S., Institut Charles Sadron, 23 rue du Loess, F-67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Luiz H Catalani
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, CP 26077, 05513-970 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gero Decher
- C.N.R.S., Institut Charles Sadron, 23 rue du Loess, F-67034 Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chimie, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67008 Strasbourg, France; International Center for Frontier Research in Chemistry, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67083 Strasbourg, France.
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20
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Mastronardi E, Tsae PK, Zhang X, Pach A, Sultan Y, DeRosa MC. Preparation and characterization of aptamer-polyelectrolyte films and microcapsules for biosensing and delivery applications. Methods 2015; 97:75-87. [PMID: 26521977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
"Smart" materials are polymer systems that are able to change their physical or chemical properties in response to external stimuli in their environment. By adding a specific molecular recognition probe to a polymer, hybrid materials can be developed that retain the properties of the advanced polymer and gain the ability to respond to a specific molecular target. Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides that are well-suited to serve as molecular recognition probes due to the specificity and affinity of their target recognition as well as their stability and ease of synthesis and labeling. In particular, their negatively charged backbone makes for their facile incorporation into polyelectrolyte-based materials. This article will provide a brief review of the currently reported biosensor and delivery platforms that have been reported employing aptamer-polyelectrolyte materials, as well as a detailed description of the methods used to synthesize and study films and microcapsules containing small-molecule aptamer probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Mastronardi
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Phepafatso K Tsae
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Xueru Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Amanda Pach
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Yasir Sultan
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Maria C DeRosa
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
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21
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Cardoso AP, Gonçalves RM, Antunes JC, Pinto ML, Pinto AT, Castro F, Monteiro C, Barbosa MA, Oliveira MJ. An interferon-γ-delivery system based on chitosan/poly(γ-glutamic acid) polyelectrolyte complexes modulates macrophage-derived stimulation of cancer cell invasion in vitro. Acta Biomater 2015; 23:157-171. [PMID: 26013040 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages represent a large component of the tumour microenvironment and are described to establish interactions with cancer cells, playing crucial roles in several stages of cancer progression. The functional plasticity of macrophages upon stimulation from the environment makes them susceptible to the influence of cancer cells and also renders them as promising therapeutic targets. In this work, we describe a drug delivery system to modulate the phenotype of macrophages, converting them from the pro-tumour M2 phenotype to the anti-tumour M1 phenotype, based on the incorporation of a pro-inflammatory cytokine (interferon-γ) in chitosan (Ch)/poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) complexes. Ch is a biocompatible cationic polysaccharide extensively studied and γ-PGA is a biodegradable, hydrophilic and negatively charged poly-amino acid. These components interact electrostatically, due to opposite charges, resulting in self-assembled structures that can be designed to deliver active molecules such as drugs and proteins. Ch and γ-PGA were self-assembled into polyelectrolyte multilayer films (PEMs) of 371nm thickness, using the layer-by-layer method. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) was incorporated within the Ch layers at 100 and 500ng/mL. Ch/γ-PGA PEMs with IFN-γ were able to modulate the phenotype of IL-10-treated macrophages at the cell cytoskeleton and cytokine profile levels, inducing an increase of IL-6 and a decrease of IL-10 production. More interestingly, the pro-invasive role of IL-10-treated macrophages was hindered, as their stimulation of gastric cancer cell invasion in vitro decreased from 4 to 2-fold, upon modulation by Ch/γ-PGA PEMs with IFN-γ. This is the first report proposing Ch/γ-PGA PEMs as a suitable strategy to incorporate and release bioactive IFN-γ with the aim of modulating macrophage phenotype, counteracting their stimulating role on gastric cancer cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Cardoso
- I(3)S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade doPorto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; FEUP-Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel M Gonçalves
- I(3)S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade doPorto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana C Antunes
- I(3)S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade doPorto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta L Pinto
- I(3)S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade doPorto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana T Pinto
- I(3)S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade doPorto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; FEUP-Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Flávia Castro
- I(3)S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade doPorto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cátia Monteiro
- I(3)S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade doPorto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário A Barbosa
- I(3)S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade doPorto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria José Oliveira
- I(3)S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade doPorto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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