1
|
Corrêa Furtini AC, Silva Brito FM, Guimarães Junior M, Anteveli Osajima Furtini J, de Matos Alves Pinto L, de Paula Protásio T, Mendes LM, Guimarães Junior JB. Substitution of urea-formaldehyde by renewable phenolic compound for environmentally appropriate production of particleboards. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:66562-66577. [PMID: 35501450 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20468-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, research has been conducted in search of alternative adhesives that are less harmful to human health and the environment. Cardanol derived from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) has attracted considerable attention due to its chemical and specific characteristics (antioxidant activity, flame resistance, and hydrophobicity). In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the quality of particleboards using cardanol instead of urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesive. Different percentages of cardanol were used (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80%) in which its physicochemical properties were evaluated. The panels were produced with particles of Pinus oocarpa and nominal density of 0.75 g/cm3, their physical and mechanical properties were evaluated, wood-adhesive interface evaluation with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the combustibility test. It is concluded that the maximum replacement of UF by cardanol is 5%, since, in this situation, the mentioned properties reach the established norms for the commercialization of the boards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Flávia Maria Silva Brito
- Department of Forest Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mario Guimarães Junior
- Department of Forest Sciences - DCF, Federal University of Lavras, UFLA, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Lourival Marin Mendes
- Department of Forest Sciences - DCF, Federal University of Lavras, UFLA, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fang Q, Zhan Y, Chen X, Wu R, Zhang W, Wang Y, Wu X, He Y, Zhou J, Yuan B. A bio-based intumescent flame retardant with biomolecules functionalized ammonium polyphosphate enables polylactic acid with excellent flame retardancy. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
3
|
Fayaz I, Peerzada GM, Ganaie NB. Comparative Study of Different Methods of Synthesis and Their Effect on the Thermomechanical Properties of a Halogenated Epoxy-Based Flame-Retardant Resin. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:1035-1047. [PMID: 35036767 PMCID: PMC8756803 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The work presented in this paper deals with the comparative synthesis of diglycidyl ether-based tetrabromobisphenol-A(TBBPA) using both conventional and nonconventional methods in order to explore materials for better industrial applications with respect to effective yield, cost, and time consideration. The conventional method involved the polycondensation of TBBPA and epichlorohydrin in the presence of an alkali catalyst. The nonconventional routes adopted for the synthesis of the material involved ultrasonication, microwave irradiation, and UV light exposure. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra of all the synthesized materials of the resin were found to be identical, and the X-ray diffraction analysis showed the material as amorphous. The mechanical studies of the resins revealed that all these resins synthesized by different methods are strong and possess high viscosity. Based on the overall thermal, rheological, and excellent hydrophobic properties, it can serve as an excellent flame retardant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iram Fayaz
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | | | - Nadeem Bashir Ganaie
- Department
of Chemistry, Govt. College for Women, Nawakadal, Srinagar 190002, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tian F, Xu D, Xu X. Synergistic Effect of APP and TBC Fire-Retardants on the Physico-Mechanical Properties of Strandboard. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15020435. [PMID: 35057153 PMCID: PMC8777585 DOI: 10.3390/ma15020435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the feasibility of fabricating fire-retardant strandboard with low mechanical properties deterioration to the physico-mechanical properties. A hybrid fire-retardant system of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and 1,3,5-tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione (TBC) was investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis results show that both APP and TBC enhance the thermal stability and incombustibility of wood strands. An infrared spectrum was applied to investigate the effect of flame retardants on the curing behaviors of polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI) resin. Based on the results of limiting oxygen index (LOI) and Cone calorimetry (CONE), APP and TBC both lead to a higher fire retardancy to strandboard. It is worth mentioning that the two flame retardants lead to evidently differential influences on the modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), internal bond (IB), and water-soaking thickness swelling (TS) properties of strandboard. Hence, a hybrid flame retardant is prominent in manufacturing strandboard with both good fire retardant and satisfying physico-mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xinwu Xu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13814097545
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huo S, Ma H, Liu G, Jin C, Chen J, Wu G, Kong Z. Synthesis and Properties of Organosilicon-Grafted Cardanol Novolac Epoxy Resin as a Novel Biobased Reactive Diluent and Toughening Agent. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:16403-16408. [PMID: 31458276 PMCID: PMC6644176 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to develop a biobased functional reactive diluent for thermosetting epoxy resins suitable for high-performance applications. An advanced organosilicon-grafted cardanol novolac epoxy resin (SCNER) was synthesized from cardanol novolac epoxy resin and heptamethyltrisiloxane. After the chemical structure of SCNER was identified by Fourier transform infrared, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR, it was used to modify the diglycidyl ether of the bisphenol A (DGEBA)/methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride system. The SCNER showed unique advantages, reducing the viscosity of DGEBA and improving the properties of the cured resin. With 10 wt % SCNER, the cured resin exhibited a higher tensile strength (78.84 MPa) and impact strength (32.36 kJ·m-2). The single glass transition temperature (T g) step proved the homogeneous phase structure of the cured resin. Inevitably, the T g of the cured resin decreased for the addition of SCNER. The dynamic mechanical analysis results indicated that the storage modulus of the cured resin decreased with the increasing content of SCNER. The morphology showing the ductile fracture of the cured resin was testified by scanning electron microscopy. The dilution and toughening properties of SCNER paves the way to a wide range of possible "eco-friendly" applications, especially in the fields of coatings, paintings, and adhesives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Huo
- Institute
of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; National Engineering
Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key and Open Laboratory
on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy
and Materials of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China
- E-mail:
| | - Hongliang Ma
- Institute
of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; National Engineering
Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key and Open Laboratory
on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy
and Materials of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Guifeng Liu
- Institute
of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; National Engineering
Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key and Open Laboratory
on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy
and Materials of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Can Jin
- Institute
of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; National Engineering
Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key and Open Laboratory
on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy
and Materials of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute
of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; National Engineering
Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key and Open Laboratory
on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy
and Materials of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Guomin Wu
- Institute
of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; National Engineering
Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key and Open Laboratory
on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy
and Materials of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Zhenwu Kong
- Institute
of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; National Engineering
Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key and Open Laboratory
on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy
and Materials of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China
- Institute
of New Technology of Forestry, CAF, Beijing 100091, China
- E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Briou B, Caillol S, Robin JJ, Lapinte V. Cardanol-Based and Formaldehyde-Free Flexible Phenolic Networks. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Briou
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR-5253; CNRS, UM, ENSCM, Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires; Université Montpellier cc1702; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Sylvain Caillol
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR-5253; CNRS, UM, ENSCM, Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires; Université Montpellier cc1702; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Jean-Jacques Robin
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR-5253; CNRS, UM, ENSCM, Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires; Université Montpellier cc1702; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Vincent Lapinte
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR-5253; CNRS, UM, ENSCM, Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires; Université Montpellier cc1702; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bhoyate S, Ionescu M, Kahol PK, Chen J, Mishra SR, Gupta RK. Highly flame-retardant polyurethane foam based on reactive phosphorus polyol and limonene-based polyol. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Bhoyate
- Department of Chemistry; Pittsburg State University; Pittsburg Kansas 66762
| | - M. Ionescu
- Kansas Polymer Research Center; Pittsburg State University; Pittsburg Kansas 66762
| | - P. K. Kahol
- Department of Physics; Pittsburg State University; Pittsburg Kansas 66762
| | - J. Chen
- Department of Physics and Materials Science; The University of Memphis; Memphis Tennessee 38142
| | - S. R. Mishra
- Department of Physics and Materials Science; The University of Memphis; Memphis Tennessee 38142
| | - Ram K. Gupta
- Department of Chemistry; Pittsburg State University; Pittsburg Kansas 66762
- Kansas Polymer Research Center; Pittsburg State University; Pittsburg Kansas 66762
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bhoyate S, Ionescu M, Radojcic D, Kahol PK, Chen J, Mishra SR, Gupta RK. Highly flame-retardant bio-based polyurethanes using novel reactive polyols. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Bhoyate
- Department of Chemistry; Pittsburg State University; Pittsburg Kansas 66762
| | - M. Ionescu
- Kansas Polymer Research Center; Pittsburg State University; Pittsburg Kansas 66762
| | - D. Radojcic
- Kansas Polymer Research Center; Pittsburg State University; Pittsburg Kansas 66762
| | - P. K. Kahol
- Department of Physics; Pittsburg State University; Pittsburg Kansas 66762
| | - J. Chen
- Department of Physics and Materials Science; The University of Memphis; Memphis Tennessee 38142
| | - S. R. Mishra
- Department of Physics and Materials Science; The University of Memphis; Memphis Tennessee 38142
| | - Ram K. Gupta
- Department of Chemistry; Pittsburg State University; Pittsburg Kansas 66762
- Kansas Polymer Research Center; Pittsburg State University; Pittsburg Kansas 66762
| |
Collapse
|