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Tushar SI, Anik HR, Uddin MM, Mandal S, Mohakar V, Rai S, Sharma S. Nanocellulose-based porous lightweight materials with flame retardant properties: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 339:122237. [PMID: 38823907 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
This review discusses the development and application of nanocellulose (NC)-aerogels, a sustainable and biodegradable biomaterial, with enhanced flame retardant (FR) properties. NC-aerogels combine the excellent physical and mechanical properties of NC with the low density and thermal conductivity of aerogels, making them promising for thermal insulation and other fields. However, the flammability of NC-aerogels limits their use in some applications, such as electromagnetic interference shielding, oil/water separation, and flame-resistant textiles. The review covers the design, fabrication, modification, and working mechanism of NC porous materials, focusing on how advanced technologies can impart FR properties into them. The review also evaluates the FR performance of NC-aerogels by employing widely recognized tests, such as the limited oxygen index, cone calorimeter, and UL-94. The review also explores the integration of innovative and eco-friendly materials, such as MXene, metal-organic frameworks, dopamine, lignin, and alginate, into NC-aerogels, to improve their FR performance and functionality. The review concludes by outlining the potential, challenges, and limitations of future research on FR NC-aerogels, identifying the obstacles and potential solutions, and understanding the current progress and gaps in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shariful Islam Tushar
- Department of Design and Merchandising, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; Department of Apparel Engineering, Bangladesh University of Textiles, Tejgaon, Dhaka 1208, Bangladesh
| | - Habibur Rahman Anik
- Department of Apparel Engineering, Bangladesh University of Textiles, Tejgaon, Dhaka 1208, Bangladesh; Department of Chemistry and Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Md Mazbah Uddin
- Department of Textiles, Merchandising, and Interiors, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Dr., Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Sumit Mandal
- Department of Design and Merchandising, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Vijay Mohakar
- Department of Textiles, Merchandising, and Interiors, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Dr., Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Smriti Rai
- Department of Textiles, Merchandising, and Interiors, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Dr., Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Suraj Sharma
- Department of Textiles, Merchandising, and Interiors, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Dr., Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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Li X, Zhang H, Liu X, Lv Z, Jin Y, Zhu D, Dang L. Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Doped Magnesium Hydrate and Its Effect on the Flame Retardant and Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4248. [PMID: 37959928 PMCID: PMC10648635 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, an effective flame retardant consisting of nanoscale zinc oxide doped on the surface of hexagonal lamellar magnesium hydrate (ZO@MH) has been successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal process. Approximately 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-570) is chosen as a modifier of ZO@MH for the purpose of enhancing the interfacial interaction between ZO@MH and the polypropylene (PP) matrix and reducing the agglomeration of ZO@MH. Afterwards, ZO@MH and KH-570 modified ZO@MH (KZO@MH) filled PP (PP/ZO@MH and PP/KZO@MH) composites are respectively prepared via the melt blending method. The flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of PP/ZO@MH and PP/KZO@MH composites are estimated by a cone calorimetry test (CCT). The peak value of the heat release rate of the PP/40KZO@MH composite is 327.0 kW/m2, which is 6.1% and 31.2% lower than that of the PP/40ZO@MH and PP/40MH composites, respectively. The lowest peak values of CO and CO2 production, 0.008 and 0.62 g/s, also appeared in the PP/40KZO@MH composite, which are 11.1% and 10.1% lower than those of the PP/40ZO@MH composite. Analysis of char residues indicates that nanoscale ZO and modification of KH-570 improve the amount and quality of char residues, which should be the main reason for the good flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of KZO@MH. Impact strength and nominal strain at break results show that the PP matrix is toughened by ZO@MH rather than KZO@MH. Tensile properties and the quantitative interfacial interaction calculated by the Turcsányi equation both prove the reinforcement of KZO@MH on the PP matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (X.L.); (H.Z.); (X.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (X.L.); (H.Z.); (X.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Xiaoyuan Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (X.L.); (H.Z.); (X.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Zhihui Lv
- School of Chemical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (X.L.); (H.Z.); (X.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yankui Jin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (X.L.); (H.Z.); (X.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Donghai Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
| | - Li Dang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; (X.L.); (H.Z.); (X.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.J.)
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Ying Y, Ye Z, Wang A, Chen X, Meng S, Xu P, Gao Y, Zhao Y. Nickel-Catalyzed Radical Ring-Opening Phosphorylation of Cycloalkyl Hydroperoxides Leading to Distal Acylphosphine Oxides. Org Lett 2023; 25:928-932. [PMID: 36729387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A facile and efficient nickel-catalyzed C-C bond cleavage/phosphorylation of various cycloalkyl hydroperoxides was developed. This radical ring-opening strategy provided practical access to structurally diverse distal ketophosphine oxides in one pot through concurrent C═O/C-P bond formation with high atom economy under mild room temperature and base-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ying
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Ziyi Ye
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - An Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Xingjie Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Shanshan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Pengxiang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Yuxing Gao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Yufen Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
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Cui Y, Pan H, Xu Z, Li Y, Cao L. Synergistic effects of silicon based material with intumescent flame retardant in thermoplastic polyurethane: Pre‐polymerization and dynamic vulcanization based facile approach. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongyin Cui
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Hongwei Pan
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Zhengshuai Xu
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Yongxu Li
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Lan Cao
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
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Wang S, Wu W, Chen Q, Ding Z, Li S, Zhang A, Tang T, Liu J, Okoye PU. Preparation of DOPO‐derived magnesium phosphate whisker and its synergistic effect with ammonium polyphosphate on the flame retardancy and mechanical property of epoxy resin. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Song Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer and Catalyst Synthesis Technology of Liaoning Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shenyang University of Technology Shenyang China
| | - Weidong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer and Catalyst Synthesis Technology of Liaoning Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shenyang University of Technology Shenyang China
| | - Qi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer and Catalyst Synthesis Technology of Liaoning Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shenyang University of Technology Shenyang China
| | - Zhan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer and Catalyst Synthesis Technology of Liaoning Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shenyang University of Technology Shenyang China
| | - Sanxi Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer and Catalyst Synthesis Technology of Liaoning Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shenyang University of Technology Shenyang China
| | - Ailing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer and Catalyst Synthesis Technology of Liaoning Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shenyang University of Technology Shenyang China
| | - Tao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science Changchun China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science Changchun China
| | - Patrick U. Okoye
- Laboratorio de Bioenergía Instituto de Energías Renovables (IER‐UNAM) Temixco Mexico
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Li Y, Qi L, Liu Y, Qiao J, Wang M, Liu X, Li S. Recent Advances in Halogen-Free Flame Retardants for Polyolefin Cable Sheath Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142876. [PMID: 35890652 PMCID: PMC9322620 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the continuous advancements of urbanization, the demand for power cables is increasing to replace overhead lines for energy transmission and distribution. Due to undesirable scenarios, e.g., the short circuit or poor contact, the cables can cause fire. The cable sheath has a significant effect on fire expansion. Thus, it is of great significance to carry out research on flame-retardant modification for cable sheath material to prevent fire accidents. With the continuous environmental concern, polyolefin (PO) is expected to gradually replace polyvinyl chloride (PVC) for cable sheath material. Moreover, the halogen-free flame retardants (FRs), which are the focus of this paper, will replace the ones with halogen gradually. The halogen-free FRs used in PO cable sheath material can be divided into inorganic flame retardant, organic flame retardant, and intumescent flame retardant (IFR). However, most FRs will cause severe damage to the mechanical properties of the PO cable sheath material, mainly reflected in the elongation at break and tensile strength. Therefore, the cooperative modification of PO materials for flame retardancy and mechanical properties has become a research hotspot. For this review, about 240 works from the literature related to FRs used in PO materials were investigated. It is shown that the simultaneous improvement for flame retardancy and mechanical properties mainly focuses on surface treatment technology, nanotechnology, and the cooperative effect of multiple FRs. The principle is mainly to improve the compatibility of FRs with PO polymers and/or increase the efficiency of FRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Leijie Qi
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yifan Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Junjie Qiao
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Maotao Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinyue Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China; (L.Q.); (Y.L.); (J.Q.); (M.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Shasha Li
- State Grid Hebei Baoding Electric Power Company Limited, Baoding 071051, China;
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A biobased flame retardant towards improvement of flame retardancy and mechanical property of ethylene vinyl acetate. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Fabrication of phytic acid embellished kaolinite and its effect on the flame retardancy and thermal stability of ethylene vinyl acetate composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Magnesium hydroxide/graphene oxide chip in flakes structure and its fire-retardant reinforcement of polypropylene. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02764-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wang W, Li H, Li Q, Luo Z. A novel grafted polyethylene with diphenyl phosphoryl group: Improved flame retardancy and favorable compatibility. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiduo Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Huayi Li
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Qian Li
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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11
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Zhang W, Zhou N, Zhang Y, Huang Z, Hu H, Liang J, Qin Y. Construction of thermoplastic cellulose esters matrix composites with enhanced flame retardancy and mechanical properties by embedding hydrophobic magnesium hydroxide. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wuxiang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University Nanning China
| | - Nan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University Nanning China
| | - Yanjuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University Nanning China
| | - Zuqiang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University Nanning China
| | - Huayu Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University Nanning China
| | - Jing Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University Nanning China
| | - Yuben Qin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University Nanning China
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