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Ponce J, Peña J, Sanz D, Pastor JM. Optimization of TiO 2-natural hydrogels for paracetamol and ibuprofen degradation in wastewaters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-34469-2. [PMID: 39085694 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34469-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Agarose/micrometer titanium dioxide (TiO2) beads were essayed to test the photocatalytic capacity of two of the most widely prescribed drugs worldwide: paracetamol and ibuprofen. Although the initial tests demonstrated promising degradation rates for both drugs, the presence of turbidity, due to TiO2 leakage, during the photocatalytic essays induced to improve the stability of the photocatalytic composites. Among the different strategies adopted to strengthen such materials, crosslinking with citric acid and the use of alternative gelling agents: gellan, agargel™, and agar were chosen. Composites obtained by merging both strategies were characterized and employed to degrade both drugs under a simulated light that mimics the solar spectrum (indoor). Considering the superior degradation rates obtained when agar and agarose were used to shape the titanium oxide particles (up to 70-75% of drug destruction), such composites were subjected to a more realistic experiment (outdoor): solar illumination, tap water, and higher volumes, that should facilitate its ulterior scale up as a real wastewater depollution procedure. Degradation rates between 80 and 90% are attained under such conditions for both drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ponce
- Polytechnic School of Cuenca (EPC), University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Campus Universitario S/N, 16170, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Juan Peña
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Ciudad Universitaria S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - David Sanz
- Hydrogeology Group, Institute for Regional Development (IDR), University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Campus Universitario S/N, 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - José M Pastor
- Polytechnic School of Cuenca (EPC), University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Campus Universitario S/N, 16170, Cuenca, Spain
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2
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Yazicioglu N. Chitosan/teff flour active films incorporated with citric acid and beetroot leaf extract: Physicochemical properties and mathematical modeling of phenolic release. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132301. [PMID: 38744358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Active compounds are integrated into food packaging films to enhance their food protection capabilities. Understanding the release of these components in films, particularly in crosslinking scenarios, is crucial. This study aimed to mathematically model the release of phenolic compounds from chitosan/teff flour films to understand how active compounds gradually release. Moreover, it was aimed to study the effects of incorporation of beetroot leaf extract and citric acid crosslinking. The collective observations, encompassing increased density and thermal stability, alongside concurrent reductions in moisture content, water solubility, water vapor permeability and swelling index following citric acid addition, strongly suggested the presence of crosslinking. Applying Fick's law and the finite element method revealed a substantial influence of the crosslinking agent on diffusion coefficients. The model exhibited strong agreement with experimental data, as reflected in low root mean square error values ranging from 3.02 to 8.50 mmol/m3 for films. Furthermore, the influence of citric acid crosslinking on the release of TPC was evident, as indicated by a decrease in average diffusion coefficient values from 3.499 × 10-13 m2 s-1 to 1.770 × 10-13 m2 s-1 with the formula with 1.5 % citric acid and 0.5 % beetroot leaf extract. This showcases the impact of various parameters on controlled release in food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalan Yazicioglu
- Nutrition and Dietetics, Gulhane Health Sciences Faculty, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
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3
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Lima PHCD, Ribeiro-Viana RM, Plath AMS, Grillo R. Lignocellulosic-biomolecules conjugated systems: green-engineered complexes modified by covalent linkers. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:2471-2480. [PMID: 38345783 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02581k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass represents an abundant and eco-friendly material widely explored in recent years. The main lignocellulosic fractions include cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Nonetheless, the heterogeneity and complexity of these components pose challenges in achieving the desired properties. Conversely, their attractive functional groups can covalently link with other biomolecules, facilitating the creation and enhancement of material properties. Lignocellulosic molecules can form different linkages with other biomolecules through classic and modern methods. Bioconjugation has emerged as a suitable alternative to create new nuances, empowering the linkage between lignocellulosic materials and biomolecules through linkers. These conjugates (lignocellulosic-linkers-biomolecules) attract attention from stakeholders in medicine, chemistry, biology, and agriculture. The plural formations of these biocomplexes highlight the significance of these arrangements. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the progress of lignocellulosic-biomolecule complexes and discusses different types of covalent bioconjugated systems, considering the formation of linkers, applicability, toxicity, and future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Henrique Correia de Lima
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Engineering, Ilha Solteira, SP 15385-000, Brazil.
| | - Renato Márcio Ribeiro-Viana
- Departamento Acadêmico de Química, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, UTFPR-Ld, CEP 86036-370, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Renato Grillo
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Engineering, Ilha Solteira, SP 15385-000, Brazil.
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Jabbari P, Mahdavinia GR, Rezaei PF, Heragh BK, Labib P, Jafari H, Javanshir S. pH-responsive magnetic biocompatible chitosan-based nanocomposite carrier for ciprofloxacin release. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126228. [PMID: 37558030 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The pH-sensitive and magnetic-triggered release ensures the effective delivery of drugs. Chitosan carries amine pendants that encourage the fabrication of pH-responsive carriers. Montmorillonite (MMt), an attractive nano-clay in drug delivery possessing high encapsulation properties, was magnetized through the co-precipitation of Fe3+/Fe2+ ions. The study aimed to integrate the magnetic montmorillonite (mMMt) into the chitosan matrix and crosslinked by citric acid (CA) to achieve the nanocomposite carrier with double-responsive features for effective drug delivery. The release evaluation revealed that coating the mMMt with CA-crosslinked chitosan prevented the burst release of Ciprofluxcacin (Cip). The nanocomposite showed a high sustained release, and the release rate in the neutral environment (pH 7.4) was remarkably higher than in acidic media (pH 5.8). The new nanocomposite carrier showed high encapsulation efficiency to Cip (about 98 %). The study was developed by investigating external magnetic effects on the release rate, which lead to an increase in the release rate. The kinetics studies confirmed the diffusion mechanism for Cip release in all experimental media. The Cip-loaded nanocomposite carriers showed antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Jabbari
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran
| | - Gholam Reza Mahdavinia
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Parisa Fathi Rezaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran
| | - Bagher Kazemi Heragh
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran
| | - Parisa Labib
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran
| | - Hessam Jafari
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Javanshir
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
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A comprehensive review of chitosan applications in paper science and technologies. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 309:120665. [PMID: 36906368 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Using environmentally friendly biomaterials in different aspects of human life has been considered extensively. In this respect, different biomaterials have been identified and different applications have been found for them. Currently, chitosan, the well-known derivative of the second most abundant polysaccharide in the nature (i.e., chitin), has been receiving a lot of attention. This unique biomaterial can be defined as a renewable, high cationic charge density, antibacterial, biodegradable, biocompatible, non-toxic biomaterial with high compatibility with cellulose structure, where it can be used in different applications. This review takes a deep and comprehensive look at chitosan and its derivative applications in different aspects of papermaking.
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Preparation and properties of citric acid-crosslinked chitosan salt microspheres through radio frequency assisted method. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Balçık Tamer Y. Development of citric acid crosslinked biodegradable chitosan/hydroxyethyl cellulose/organo-modified nanoclay composite films as sustainable food packaging materials. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2023.2195908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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Vrabič-Brodnjak U. Bio-Based Adhesives Formulated from Tannic Acid, Chitosan, and Shellac for Packaging Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051302. [PMID: 36904541 PMCID: PMC10007413 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop bio-based adhesives that can be used for various packaging papers. In addition to commercial paper samples, papers produced from harmful plant species in Europe, such as Japanese Knotweed and Canadian Goldenrod, were used. In this research, methods were developed to produce bio-based adhesive solutions in combinations of tannic acid, chitosan, and shellac. The results showed that the viscosity and adhesive strength of the adhesives were best in solutions with added tannic acid and shellac. The tensile strength with adhesives of tannic acid and chitosan was 30% better than with commercial adhesives and 23% for combinations of shellac and chitosan. For paper from Japanese Knotweed and Canadian Goldenrod, the most durable adhesive was pure shellac. Because the surface morphology of the invasive plant papers was more open and had numerous pores compared to the commercial papers, the adhesives penetrated the paper structure and filled the voids. There was less adhesive on the surface and the commercial papers achieved better adhesive properties. As expected, the bio-based adhesives also showed an increase in peel strength and exhibited favorable thermal stability. In summary, these physical properties support the use of bio-based adhesives use in different packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urška Vrabič-Brodnjak
- Department of Textiles, Graphic Arts and Design, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Material and Environmental Properties of Natural Polymers and Their Composites for Packaging Applications—A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194033. [PMID: 36235981 PMCID: PMC9573536 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The current trend of using plastic material in the manufacturing of packaging products raises serious environmental concerns due to waste disposal on land and in oceans and other environmental pollution. Natural polymers such as cellulose, starch, chitosan, and protein extracted from renewable resources are extensively explored as alternatives to plastics due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, nontoxic properties, and abundant availability. The tensile and water vapor barrier properties and the environmental impacts of natural polymers played key roles in determining the eligibility of these materials for packaging applications. The brittle behavior and hydrophilic nature of natural polymers reduced the tensile and water vapor barrier properties. However, the addition of plasticizer, crosslinker, and reinforcement agents substantially improved the mechanical and water vapor resistance properties. The dispersion abilities and strong interfacial adhesion of nanocellulose with natural polymers improved the tensile strength and water vapor barrier properties of natural polymer-based packaging films. The maximum tensile stress of these composite films was about 38 to 200% more than that of films without reinforcement. The water vapor barrier properties of composite films also reduced up to 60% with nanocellulose reinforcement. The strong hydrogen bonding between natural polymer and nanocellulose reduced the polymer chain movement and decreased the percent elongation at break up to 100%. This review aims to present an overview of the mechanical and water vapor barrier properties of natural polymers and their composites along with the life cycle environmental impacts to elucidate their potential for packaging applications.
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Santillo C, Wang Y, Buonocore GG, Gentile G, Verdolotti L, Kaciulis S, Xia H, Lavorgna M. Hybrid Graphenene Oxide/Cellulose Nanofillers to Enhance Mechanical and Barrier Properties of Chitosan-Based Composites. Front Chem 2022; 10:926364. [PMID: 35958229 PMCID: PMC9361047 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.926364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan-based hybrid nanocomposites, containing cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), graphene oxide (GO), and borate as crosslinking agents, were successfully prepared by solution-casting technique. The synergistic effect of the two fillers, and the role of the cross-linker, in enhancing the structural and functional properties of the chitosan polymer, was investigated. XPS results confirm the chemical interaction between borate ions and hydroxyl groups of chitosan, GO, and CNCs. The morphological characterization shows that the GO sheets are oriented along the casting surface, whereas the CNC particles are homogenously distributed in the sample. Results of tensile tests reveal that the presence of graphene oxide enhances the elastic modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break, and toughness of chitosan, while cellulose and borate induce an increase in the elastic modulus and stress at the yield point. In particular, the borate-crosslinked chitosan-based sample containing 0.5 wt% of GO and 0.5 wt% of CNCs shows an elongation at a break value of 30.2% and a toughness value of 988 J*m−3 which are improved by 124% and 216%, respectively, compared with the pristine chitosan. Moreover, the water permeability results show that the presence of graphene oxide slightly increases the water barrier properties, whereas the borate and cellulose nanocrystals significantly reduce the water vapor permeability of the polymer by about 50%. Thus, by modulating the content of the two reinforcing fillers, it is possible to obtain chitosan-based nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical and water barrier properties which can be potentially used in various applications such as food and electronic packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Santillo
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Yinglei Wang
- Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an, China
| | - G. G. Buonocore
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: G. G. Buonocore,
| | - G. Gentile
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - L. Verdolotti
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
| | - Saulius Kaciulis
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - H. Xia
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - M. Lavorgna
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials UOS Lecco, National Research Council, Lecco, Italy
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Janik W, Nowotarski M, Shyntum DY, Banaś A, Krukiewicz K, Kudła S, Dudek G. Antibacterial and Biodegradable Polysaccharide-Based Films for Food Packaging Applications: Comparative Study. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093236. [PMID: 35591570 PMCID: PMC9103775 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
One of the major objectives of food industry is to develop low-cost biodegradable food packaging films with optimal physicochemical properties, allowing for their large-scale production and providing a variety of applications. To meet the expectations of food industry, we have fabricated a series of solution-cast films based on common biodegradable polysaccharides (starch, chitosan and alginate) to be used in food packaging applications. Selected biopolymers were modified by the addition of glycerol and oxidized sucrose (starch), glycerol (chitosan), and glycerol and calcium chloride (alginate), as well as being used to form blends (starch/chitosan and starch/alginate, respectively). A chestnut extract was used to provide antibacterial properties to the preformed materials. The results of our studies showed that each modification reduced the hydrophilic nature of the polymers, making them more suitable for food packaging applications. In addition, all films exhibited much higher barrier properties to oxygen and carbon dioxide than commercially available films, such as polylactic acid, as well as exhibiting antimicrobial properties against model Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis, respectively), as well as yeast (Candida albicans).
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Janik
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—The Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, Energetyków 9, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland;
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, PhD School, Silesian University of Technology, 2a Akademicka Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-77-487-31-87
| | - Michał Nowotarski
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (M.N.); (A.B.); (K.K.); (G.D.)
| | - Divine Yutefar Shyntum
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Angelika Banaś
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (M.N.); (A.B.); (K.K.); (G.D.)
| | - Katarzyna Krukiewicz
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (M.N.); (A.B.); (K.K.); (G.D.)
| | - Stanisław Kudła
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—The Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, Energetyków 9, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland;
| | - Gabriela Dudek
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (M.N.); (A.B.); (K.K.); (G.D.)
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