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Juang JH, Wang JJ, Shen CR, Lin SH, Chen CY, Kao CW, Chen CL, Wu ST, Tsai ZT, Wang YM. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Transplanted Porcine Neonatal Pancreatic Cell Clusters Labeled with Exendin-4-Conjugated Manganese Magnetism-Engineered Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12071222. [PMID: 35407339 PMCID: PMC9000895 DOI: 10.3390/nano12071222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we have shown that manganese magnetism-engineered iron oxide nanoparticles (MnMEIO NPs) conjugated with exendin-4 (Ex4) act as a contrast agent that directly trace implanted mouse islet β-cells by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Here we further advanced this technology to track implanted porcine neonatal pancreatic cell clusters (NPCCs) containing ducts, endocrine, and exocrine cells. NPCCs from one-day-old neonatal pigs were isolated, cultured for three days, and then incubated overnight with MnMEIO-Ex4 NPs. Binding of NPCCs and MnMEIO-Ex4 NPs was confirmed with Prussian blue staining in vitro prior to the transplantation of 2000 MnMEIO-Ex4 NP-labeled NPCCs beneath the left renal capsule of six nondiabetic nude mice. The 7.0 T MRI on recipients revealed persistent hypointense areas at implantation sites for up to 54 days. The MR signal intensity of the graft on left kidney reduced 62–88% compared to the mirror areas on the contralateral kidney. Histological studies showed colocalization of insulin/iron and SOX9/iron staining in NPCC grafts, indicating that MnMEIO-Ex4 NPs were taken up by mature β-cells and pancreatic progenitors. We conclude that MnMEIO-Ex4 NPs are excellent contrast agents for detecting and long-term monitoring implanted NPCCs by MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyuhn-Huarng Juang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine and Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (C.-W.K.); (C.-L.C.)
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-H.J.); (Y.-M.W.)
| | - Jiun-Jie Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-J.W.); (S.-H.L.)
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Rui Shen
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.-R.S.); (S.-T.W.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Han Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-J.W.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Chen-Yi Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine and Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (C.-W.K.); (C.-L.C.)
| | - Chen-Wei Kao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine and Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (C.-W.K.); (C.-L.C.)
| | - Chen-Ling Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine and Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (C.-W.K.); (C.-L.C.)
| | - Shu-Ting Wu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.-R.S.); (S.-T.W.)
| | - Zei-Tsan Tsai
- Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Yun-Ming Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-H.J.); (Y.-M.W.)
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Exendin-4-Conjugated Manganese Magnetism-Engineered Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Potential Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent for Tracking Transplanted β-Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11113145. [PMID: 34835906 PMCID: PMC8625548 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To specifically detect and trace transplanted islet β-cells by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we conjugated manganese magnetism-engineered iron oxide nanoparticles (MnMEIO NPs) with exendin-4 (Ex4) which specifically binds glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors on the surface of β-cells. The size distribution of MnMEIO and MnMEIO-Ex4 NPs were 67.8 ± 1.3 and 70.2 ± 2.3 nm and zeta potential 33.3 ± 0.5 and 0.6 ± 0.1 mV, respectively. MnMEIO and MnMEIO-Ex4 NPs with iron content ≤ 40 μg/mL did not affect MIN6 β-cell viability and insulin secretion. Positive iron staining was found in MIN6 β-cells loaded with MnMEIO-Ex4 NPs but not in those with MnMEIO NPs. A transmission electron microscope confirmed MnMEIO-Ex4 NPs were distributed in the cytoplasm of MIN6. In vitro MR images revealed a loss of signal intensity in MIN6 β-cells labeled with MnMEIO-Ex4 NPs but not with MnMEIO NPs. After transplantation of islets labeled with MnMEIO-Ex4, the graft under kidney capsule could be visualized on MRI as persistent hypointense areas up to 17 weeks. Moreover, histology of the islet graft showed positive staining for insulin, glucagon and iron. Our results indicate MnMEIO-Ex4 NPs are safe and effective for the detection and long-term monitoring of transplanted β-cells by MRI.
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Juang JH, Wang JJ, Shen CR, Chen CY, Kao CW, Chen CL, Lin SH, Wu ST, Li WC, Tsai ZT. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Transplanted Porcine Neonatal Pancreatic Cell Clusters Labeled with Chitosan-Coated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Mice. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13081238. [PMID: 33920427 PMCID: PMC8068980 DOI: 10.3390/polym13081238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal pancreatic cell clusters (NPCCs) are potential tissues for the treatment of diabetes. Different from adult cells, they continuously proliferate and differentiate after transplantation. In this study, we utilized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect and monitor implanted NPCCs. NPCCs were isolated from one-day-old neonatal pigs, cultured for three days, and then incubated overnight with the contrast agent chitosan-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide (CSPIO) nanoparticles. In vitro, Prussian blue staining and MR scans of CSPIO-labeled NPCCs were performed. In vivo, we transplanted 2000 CSPIO-labeled NPCCs under the kidney capsule of nondiabetic nude mice. Recipients were scanned with 7.0T MRI. Grafts were removed for histology with insulin and Prussian blue staining. After being incubated overnight with CSPIO, NPCCs showed positive iron staining and appeared as dark spots on MR scans. After transplantation of CSPIO-labeled NPCCs, persistent hypointense areas were observed at recipients’ implant sites for up to 54 days. Moreover, histology showed colocalization of the insulin and iron staining in 15-, 51- and 55-day NPCC grafts. Our results indicate that transplanted NPCCs survived and differentiated to β cells after transplantation, and that MRI is a useful tool for the detection and monitoring of CSPIO-labeled NPCC grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyuhn-Huarng Juang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine and Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (C.-W.K.); (C.-L.C.)
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
| | - Jiun-Jie Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-J.W.); (S.-H.L.)
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Rui Shen
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.-R.S.); (S.-T.W.)
| | - Chen-Yi Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine and Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (C.-W.K.); (C.-L.C.)
| | - Chen-Wei Kao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine and Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (C.-W.K.); (C.-L.C.)
| | - Chen-Ling Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine and Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (C.-W.K.); (C.-L.C.)
| | - Sung-Han Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (J.-J.W.); (S.-H.L.)
| | - Shu-Ting Wu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.-R.S.); (S.-T.W.)
| | - Wan-Chun Li
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
| | - Zei-Tsan Tsai
- Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
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Deligianni X, Jirák D, Berková Z, Hájek M, Scheffler K, Bieri O. In vivo visualization of cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxides by a sub-millisecond gradient echo sequence. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2013; 27:329-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s10334-013-0422-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Zacharovová K, Berková Z, Jirák D, Herynek V, Vancová M, Dovolilová E, Saudek F. Processing of superparamagnetic iron contrast agent ferucarbotran in transplanted pancreatic islets. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2013; 7:485-93. [PMID: 22991314 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Labeling of pancreatic islets with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles enables their post-transplant monitoring by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although the nanoparticles are incorporated into islet cells in culture, little is known about their fate in vivo. We studied the morphology of labeled islets after transplantation, aiming to identify the MRI contrast particles and their relationship to transplantation outcomes. Rat islets labeled with the ferucarbotran were transplanted into the liver or under the kidney capsule of syngeneic and allogeneic rats. After in vivo MRI, morphology was studied by light, fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. Morphology of syngeneic islets transplanted beneath the kidney capsule vs into the liver was similar. Iron particles were almost completely eliminated from the endocrine cells and remained located in host-derived macrophages surrounding the vital islets for the entire study period. In the allogeneic model, islets lost their function and were completely rejected within nine days following transplantation in both transplant models. However, intercellular transport of the SPIO particles and subsequent MRI findings was different in the liver and kidney. In the liver, the decreasing number of islet-related MRI spots corresponded with clearance of iron particles in rejected islets; in contrast, with renal transplants extensive iron deposits with a high effect on MRI signal persisted in phagocytic cells beneath the capsule. We conclude that MRI detection of the iron contrast agent correlates with islet survival and function in islet transplantation into the liver, while it does not correlate in the case of transplantation beneath the renal capsule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klára Zacharovová
- Laboratory of Langerhans Islets, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Juang JH, Shen CR, Wang JJ, Kuo CH, Chien YW, Kuo HY, Chen FR, Chen MH, Yen TC, Tsai ZT. Magnetic resonance imaging of mouse islet grafts labeled with novel chitosan-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62626. [PMID: 23658638 PMCID: PMC3639209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECT To better understand the fate of islet isografts and allografts, we utilized a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technique to monitor mouse islets labeled with a novel MR contrast agent, chitosan-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide (CSPIO) nanoparticles. MATERIALS AND METHODS After being incubated with and without CSPIO (10 µg/ml), C57BL/6 mouse islets were examined under transmission electron microscope (TEM) and their insulin secretion was measured. Cytotoxicity was examined in α (αTC1) and β (NIT-1 and βTC) cell lines as well as islets. C57BL/6 mice were used as donors and inbred C57BL/6 and Balb/c mice were used as recipients of islet transplantation. Three hundred islets were transplanted under the left kidney capsule of each mouse and then MR was performed in the recipients periodically. At the end of study, the islet graft was removed for histology and TEM studies. RESULTS After incubation of mouse islets with CSPIO (10 µg/mL), TEM showed CSPIO in endocytotic vesicles of α- and β-cells at 8 h. Incubation with CSPIO did not affect insulin secretion from islets and death rates of αTC1, NIT-1 and βTC cell lines as well as islets. After syngeneic and allogeneic transplantation, grafts of CSPIO-labeled islets were visualized on MR scans as persistent hypointense areas. At 8 weeks after syngeneic transplantation and 31 days after allogeneic transplantation, histology of CSPIO-labeled islet grafts showed colocalized insulin and iron staining in the same areas but the size of allografts decreased with time. TEM with elementary iron mapping demonstrated CSPIO distributed in the cytoplasm of islet cells, which maintained intact ultrastructure. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that after syngeneic and allogeneic transplantation, islets labeled with CSPIO nanoparticles can be effectively and safely imaged by MR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyuhn-Huarng Juang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (JHJ); (ZTT)
| | - Chia-Rui Shen
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Jie Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Chien
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yunn Kuo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Rong Chen
- Center of Transmission Microscopy, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ming H. Chen
- Surgical-Medical Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Tzu-Chen Yen
- Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Zei-Tsan Tsai
- Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (JHJ); (ZTT)
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Crowe LA, Ris F, Nielles-Vallespin S, Speier P, Masson S, Armanet M, Morel P, Toso C, Bosco D, Berney T, Vallee JP. A novel method for quantitative monitoring of transplanted islets of langerhans by positive contrast magnetic resonance imaging. Am J Transplant 2011; 11:1158-68. [PMID: 21564535 PMCID: PMC3110629 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03559.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The Automatic Quantitative Ultrashort Echo Time imaging (AQUTE) protocol for serial MRI allows quantitative in vivo monitoring of iron labeled pancreatic islets of Langerhans transplanted into the liver, quantifying graft implantation and persistence in a rodent model. Rats (n = 14), transplanted with iron oxide loaded cells (0-4000 islet equivalents, IEQ), were imaged using a 3D radial ultrashort echo time difference technique (dUTE) on a Siemens MAGNETOM 3T clinical scanner up to 5 months postsurgery. In vivo 3D dUTE images gave positive contrast from labeled cells, suppressing liver signal and small vessels, allowing automatic quantification. Position of labeled islet clusters was consistent over time and quantification of hyperintense pixels correlated with the number of injected IEQs (R² = 0.898, p < 0.0001), and showed persistence over time (5 months posttransplantation). Automatic quantification was superior to standard imaging and manual counting methods, due to the uniform suppressed background and high contrast, resulting in significant timesavings, reproducibility and ease of quantification. Three-dimensional coverage of the whole liver in the absence of cardiac/respiratory artifact provided further improvement over conventional imaging. This imaging protocol reliably quantifies transplanted islet mass and has high translational potential to clinical studies of transplanted pancreatic islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A Crowe
- Department of Radiology, University of Geneva School of Medicine and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Frederic Ris
- Cell Isolation and Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva School of Medicine and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Solange Masson
- Cell Isolation and Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva School of Medicine and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mathieu Armanet
- Cell Isolation and Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva School of Medicine and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - P Morel
- Cell Isolation and Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva School of Medicine and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christian Toso
- Cell Isolation and Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva School of Medicine and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Domenico Bosco
- Cell Isolation and Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva School of Medicine and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Berney
- Cell Isolation and Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, University of Geneva School of Medicine and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Paul Vallee
- Department of Radiology, University of Geneva School of Medicine and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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