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Chandrasekhar S, Raghu MS, Yogesh Kumar K, Alharethy F, Prashanth MK, Jeon BH. Theoretical and experimental investigation of novel quinazoline derivatives: synthesis, photophysical, reactive properties, molecular docking and selective HSA biointeraction. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:6772-6787. [PMID: 37477248 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2237590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Two new quinazoline derivatives (2a and 2b) were successfully synthesized in this work using the condensation technique in excellent yields. Using spectroscopic techniques and elemental analyses, the compounds were completely characterized. Density functional theory (DFT) computations have been used to examine the title compound's reactive characteristics. Chemical reactivity was predicted using local reactive descriptors and molecule electrostatic potential. Additionally, Time dependent DFT (TD-DFT) simulations were used to examine the impact of solvents on the photophysical characteristics. The affinity of compounds 2a and 2b for human serum albumin (HSA) was further explored using several electronic spectroscopies. Through static mechanisms, both compounds reduce the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA. It is determined that the HSA-2b complex's binding constant is significantly greater than the HSA-2a complex. The fluorescence spectrum measurements proved that the HSA underwent structural changes after interaction with these compounds. It was demonstrated by site marker competitive displacement studies that compounds 2a and 2b preferred to bind to site I in HSA subdomain IIA. Additionally, synchronised fluorescence spectra were utilized to analyze how HSA's conformation changed after interacting with various substances. The molecular docking investigations of these compounds with the three critical HSA binding sites, comprising subdomains IIA, IIIA, and IB, further confirmed the experimental findings. The significant contact between the investigated compounds and HSA was supported by the docking simulations.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chandrasekhar
- Department of Physics, B N M Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India
| | - M S Raghu
- Department of Chemistry, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
| | - K Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jain University, Ramanagara, India
| | - Fahd Alharethy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M K Prashanth
- Department of Chemistry, B N M Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Raghu MS, Pradeep Kumar CB, Yogesh Kumar K, Prashanth MK, Alharethy F, Jeon BH. Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking study of pyrimidine linked thiazolidinedione derivatives as potential antimicrobial and antitubercular agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 103:129707. [PMID: 38492608 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The design and development of novel antimicrobial agents are highly desired to combat the emergence of medication resistance against microorganisms that cause infections. A series of new pyrimidine-linked thiazolidinedione derivatives (5a-j) were synthesized, characterized, and their antimicrobial properties assessed in the current investigation. Here, novel pyrimidine-linked thiazolidinedione compounds were designed using the molecular hybridization approach. Elemental and spectral techniques were used to determine the structures of the synthesized hybrids. The majority of compounds showed encouraging antibacterial properties. Among the active compounds, 5g, 5i, and 5j showed 1.85, 1.15, and 1.38 times the activity of streptomycin against S. aureus, respectively, with MIC values of 6.4, 10.3, and 8.6 µM. With MIC values of 10.8, 21.9, and 15.4 µM, respectively, the compounds 5g, 5i, and 5j showed 2.14, 1.05, and 1.50 times the activity of linezolid against the methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strain. Furthermore, when compared to the reference medications, compounds 5g, 5i, and 5j demonstrated broad-range antimicrobial efficacy against all tested strains of bacteria and fungus. Out of all the compounds that were investigated, compounds 5g, 5i, and 5j showed noteworthy anti-tubercular activity. 5g is the most effective, 1.59 times more effective than reference drug isoniazid. To anticipate the binding manner, the synthesized potent compounds were subjected to molecular docking into the active binding site of MRSA and the mycobacterial membrane protein large 3 (MmpL3) protein. The compounds 5g, 5i, and 5j may eventually serve as lead compounds in the search for antimicrobial and anti-TB therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Raghu
- Department of Chemistry, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bengaluru 560 103, India
| | - C B Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Malnad College of Engineering, Hassan 573 202, India
| | - K Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jain University, Ramanagara 562 112, India
| | - M K Prashanth
- Department of Chemistry, B N M Institute of Technology, Bengaluru 560 070, India.
| | - Fahd Alharethy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Raghu MS, Yogesh Kumar K, Shamala T, Alharti FA, Prashanth MK, Jeon BH. Synthesis, antitubercular profile and molecular docking studies of quinazolinone-based pyridine derivatives against drug-resistant tuberculosis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:3307-3317. [PMID: 37261798 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2217928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The promising quinazolinone-based pyridine derivatives (4a-j) were synthesized and subsequently tested for their antimycobacterial activities against the various drug-sensitive and drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains to combat infectious diseases and address growing concerns about the devastating effects of tuberculosis (TB). Utilizing 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectra, the structural and molecular confirmation of the synthesized compounds were deciphered. With minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.31 to 19.13 μM, the results showed that compounds 4e and 4f showed promise anti-TB action against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant TB strains. To study the cytotoxicity of synthesized molecules, normal Vero and mouse macrophage (RAW264.7) cell lines were utilized. Remarkably, it was revealed that at the highest concentration tested, none of the newly synthesized molecules were toxic to the Vero cell line. The binding patterns of the potent compounds 4b, 4e and 4f in the active site of the mycobacterial membrane protein Large 3 (MmpL3) protein are also revealed by molecular docking studies, which has contributed to the development of a structural rationale for Mtb inhibition. The physicochemical characteristics of the compounds were then predicted using theoretical calculations. Overall, the molecular docking results, physiochemical properties, and observed antimycobacterial activity all point to compound 4e with trifluoromethyl and compound 4f with nitro moiety as potential quinazolinone linked pyridine-based MmpL3 inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Raghu
- Department of Chemistry, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
| | - K Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jain University, Ramanagara, India
| | - T Shamala
- Department of Chemistry, B N M Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Fahad A Alharti
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M K Prashanth
- Department of Chemistry, B N M Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Raghu M, Swarup H, Prathibha B, Kumar KY, Kumar CBP, Alharti FA, Prashanth M, Jeon BH. Design, synthesis and molecular docking studies of 5,6-difluoro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole derivatives as effective binders to GABAA receptor with potent anticonvulsant activity. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Experimental and theoretical examinations of triazole linked saccharin derivatives as organic corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in hydrochloric acid. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Veena K, Chandrasekhar S, Raghu M, Yogesh Kumar K, Pradeep Kumar C, Alswieleh AM, Anusuya Devi V, Prashanth M, Jeon BH. Facile green synthesis of samarium sesquioxide nanoparticle as a quencher for biologically active imidazole analogues: Computational and experimental insights. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Veena K, Raghu M, Yogesh Kumar K, Pradeep Kumar C, Alharti FA, Prashanth M, Jeon BH. Design and synthesis of novel benzimidazole linked thiazole derivatives as promising inhibitors of drug-resistant tuberculosis. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Raveesha R, Kumar KY, Raghu M, Prasad SB, Alsalme A, Krishnaiah P, Prashanth M. Synthesis, in silico ADME, toxicity prediction and molecular docking studies of N-substituted [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine derivatives as potential anticonvulsant agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Kumar KY, Kumar CBP, Prasad KNN, Jeon BH, Alsalme A, Prashanth MK. Microwave-assisted N-alkylation of amines with alcohols catalyzed by MnCl 2 : Anticancer, docking, and DFT studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2100443. [PMID: 35137966 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A new protocol for the N-alkylation of amines with alcohols for the synthesis of tertiary amines in the presence of MnCl2 as a catalyst, under microwave conditions, is described. The advantages of this protocol include stable reaction profiles, a wide substrate variety, excellent yields, low cost, high yields, and easy workup conditions. The anticancer efficacy of all the synthesized compounds was tested in vitro against various cancer cell lines, such as MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 (human breast), HT-29, HCT 116 (colon cancer), A549 (human lung carcinoma), and Vero cells. Among the screened compounds, 3e, 3h, and 3i demonstrated potent anticancer activity, with compound 3h surpassing the reference drug cisplatin against A549, MCF7, MDA-MB-231, and HCT116 cancer cells. The introduction of an electron-withdrawing group on the phenyl ring resulted in increased anticancer activity. The most potent compounds, 3e, 3h, and 3i, were tested against VEGFR-2, HER2, and EGFR in multikinase inhibition assays, with compounds 3h and 3i showing improved potency against the HER2 kinase. The compounds formed two H-bonds with amino acids, indicating that they had a high affinity for the target HER2 kinase (PDB ID: 3RCD), according to the docking analysis. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity properties of the optimized analogs were also assessed in vitro, enabling the discovery of promising anticancer agents. Finally, the B3LYP level was used to measure density functional theory geometry optimization and the related quantum parameters for the active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jain University, Ramanagara, India
| | - C B Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Malnad College of Engineering, Hassan, India
| | - K N N Prasad
- Department of Physics, BNM Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Alsalme
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M K Prashanth
- Department of Chemistry, BNM Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India
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Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial and interaction studies of pteridines with human serum albumin: A combined multi-spectroscopic and computational study. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Kalník M, Gabko P, Bella M, Koóš M. The Bucherer-Bergs Multicomponent Synthesis of Hydantoins-Excellence in Simplicity. Molecules 2021; 26:4024. [PMID: 34209381 PMCID: PMC8271528 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydantoins and their hybrids with other molecules represent a very important group of heterocycles because they exhibit diverse biological and pharmacological activities in medicinal and agrochemical applications. They also serve as key precursors in the chemical or enzymatic synthesis of significant nonnatural α-amino acids and their conjugates with medical potential. This review provides a comprehensive treatment of the synthesis of hydantoins via the Bucherer-Bergs reaction including the Hoyer modification but limited to free carbonyl compounds or carbonyl compounds protected as acetals (ketals) and cyanohydrins used as starting reaction components. In this respect, the Bucherer-Bergs reaction provides an efficient and simple method in the synthesis of important natural products as well as for the preparation of new organic compounds applicable as potential therapeutics. The scope and limitations, as well as a comparison with some other methods for preparing hydantoins, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Miroslav Koóš
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.K.); (P.G.); (M.B.)
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Kumar CBP, Raghu MS, Prathibha BS, Prashanth MK, Kanthimathi G, Kumar KY, Parashuram L, Alharthi FA. Discovery of a novel series of substituted quinolines acting as anticancer agents and selective EGFR blocker: Molecular docking study. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 44:128118. [PMID: 34015505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A Ta2O5-anchored-piperidine-4-carboxylic acid (PPCA) nanoparticle has been synthesized and characterized. It was then used as a highly effective nanocatalyst for the synthesis of quinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives through CO bond functionalization. The special advantage of this heterogeneous solid catalyst is the reusability of the catalyst for up to five cycles without any noticeable reduction in product yields. In comparison, healthy reaction profiles, wide substrate scope, excellent yields and easy workup conditions are the notable highlights of this approach. All the compounds were tested for their anticancer activity against MCF-7 (human breast), HepG2 (human liver), HCT116 (human colorectal), and PC-3 (human prostate) cancer cell lines with the MTT assay. All the compounds were shown to have moderate to good inhibitory effects on tested cancer cell lines. Besides, compounds 5b, 5c and 5d showed good selectivity against epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK). Molecular docking results showed that active compounds showed a good affinity towards EGFR kinase (PDB ID: 6V6O) by forming two hydrogen bonds with Cys-797 and Tyr-801. All the compounds were screened for computational ADMET and Lipinski analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Malnad College of Engineering, Hassan 573 202, India
| | - M S Raghu
- Department of Chemistry, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bengaluru 560 103, India
| | - B S Prathibha
- Department of Chemistry, B N M Institute of Technology, Bengaluru 560 070, India
| | - M K Prashanth
- Department of Chemistry, B N M Institute of Technology, Bengaluru 560 070, India.
| | - G Kanthimathi
- Department of Chemistry, Ramco Institute of Technology, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu, 626117, India
| | - K Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Technology, Jain University, Ramanagara 562 112, India
| | - L Parashuram
- Department of Chemistry, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bengaluru 560 103, India
| | - Fahad A Alharthi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Raghu MS, Pradeep Kumar CB, Prashanth MK, Yogesh Kumar K, Prathibha BS, Kanthimathi G, Alissa SA, Alghulikah HA, Osman SM. Novel 1,3,5-triazine-based pyrazole derivatives as potential antitumor agents and EFGR kinase inhibitors: synthesis, cytotoxicity, DNA binding, molecular docking and DFT studies. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02419a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of new 1,3,5-triazine-based pyrazole derivatives as effective anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. S. Raghu
- Department of Chemistry, New Horizon College of Engineering
- Bengaluru 560 103
- India
| | | | - M. K. Prashanth
- Department of Chemistry, B N M Institute of Technology
- Bengaluru 560 070
- India
| | - K. Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Technology, Jain University
- Ramanagara
- India
| | - B. S. Prathibha
- Department of Chemistry, B N M Institute of Technology
- Bengaluru 560 070
- India
| | - G. Kanthimathi
- Department of Chemistry, Ramco Institute of Technology
- Rajapalayam
- India
| | - Siham Abdulrahman Alissa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University
- Riyadh 11671
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Abdulrahman Alghulikah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University
- Riyadh 11671
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameh M. Osman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University
- Riyadh
- Saudi Arabia
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Anilanmert B, Çavuş F, Narin I, Cengiz S, Sertler Ş, Özdemir AA, Açikkol M. Simultaneous analysis method for GHB, ketamine, norketamine, phenobarbital, thiopental, zolpidem, zopiclone and phenytoin in urine, using C18 poroshell column. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1022:230-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Deepakumari HN, Jayanna BK, Prashanth MK, Revanasiddappa HD, Veeresh B. Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity ofN-(Substituted)-1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazoline-3(4H)-carboxamides. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2016; 349:566-71. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201600024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bidarur K. Jayanna
- Department of Chemistry; B. N. M. Institute of Technology; Bangaluru Karnataka India
| | | | | | - Bantal Veeresh
- Department of Pharmacology; G Pullareddy College of Pharmacy; Mehdipatnam Hyderabad India
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Mandzhulo AY, Mel’nichuk NA, Fetyukhin VN, Vovk MV. Synthesis of 4′-alkyl-8-azaspiro[bicyclo[3.2.1]octane-3,2′-morpholin]-5′-ones. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428016010164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Wei CX, Bian M, Gong GH. Current Research on Antiepileptic Compounds. Molecules 2015; 20:20741-76. [PMID: 26610448 PMCID: PMC6332177 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201119714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy affects about 1% of the world’s population. Due to the fact all antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have some undesirable side effects and about 30% of epileptic patients are not seizure-free with the existing AEDs, there is still an urgent need for the development of more effective and safer AEDs. Based on our research work on antiepileptic compounds and other references in recent years, this review covers the reported work on antiepileptic compounds which are classified according to their structures. This review summarized 244 significant anticonvulsant compounds which are classified by functional groups according to the animal model data, although there are some limitations in the data. This review highlights the properties of new compounds endowed with promising antiepileptic properties, which may be proven to be more effective and selective, and possibly free of unwanted side effects. The reviewed compounds represent an interesting possibility to overcome refractory seizures and to reduce the percentage of patients with a poor response to drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Xi Wei
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Institute, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
| | - Ming Bian
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Institute, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
| | - Guo-Hua Gong
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Institute, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, China.
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Roman G. Mannich bases in medicinal chemistry and drug design. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 89:743-816. [PMID: 25462280 PMCID: PMC7115492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The biological activity of Mannich bases, a structurally heterogeneous class of chemical compounds that are generated from various substrates through the introduction of an aminomethyl function by means of the Mannich reaction, is surveyed, with emphasis on the relationship between structure and biological activity. The review covers extensively the literature reports that have disclosed Mannich bases as anticancer and cytotoxic agents, or compounds with potential antibacterial and antifungal activity in the last decade. The most relevant studies on the activity of Mannich bases as antimycobacterial agents, antimalarials, or antiviral candidates have been included as well. The review contains also a thorough coverage of anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant activities of Mannich bases. In addition, several minor biological activities of Mannich bases, such as their ability to regulate blood pressure or inhibit platelet aggregation, their antiparasitic and anti-ulcer effects, as well as their use as agents for the treatment of mental disorders have been presented. The review gives in the end a brief overview of the potential of Mannich bases as inhibitors of various enzymes or ligands for several receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gheorghe Roman
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Inorganic Polymers, 41A Aleea Gr. Ghica Vodă, Iaşi 700487, Romania.
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