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Dai A, Kim SJ. Systemic calcineurin inhibitors tacrolimus and voclosporin: A review of off-label dermatologic uses. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024; 90:358-367. [PMID: 37307993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic calcineurin inhibitors, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, and voclosporin, have been utilized in various dermatologic conditions. Although there have been numerous off-label dermatologic indications with published guidelines for cyclosporine, there is no established strong consensus for tacrolimus and voclosporin. OBJECTIVE To conduct a review of off-label use of systemic tacrolimus and voclosporin in various dermatoses to better inform treatment methods. METHODS A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar. Relevant clinical trials, observational studies, case series, and reports regarding off-label dermatologic uses of systemic tacrolimus and voclosporin were included. RESULTS Tacrolimus shows promise for numerous dermatologic conditions, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis/eczema, pyoderma gangrenosum, chronic urticaria, and Behcet's disease. Randomized controlled trial data are only available for voclosporin in psoriasis, which showed efficacy but did not meet noninferiority to cyclosporine. LIMITATIONS Data were limited and extracted from published papers. Studies differed in methodology, and nonstandardized outcomes limited the conclusions drawn. CONCLUSIONS In comparison to cyclosporine, tacrolimus can be considered for treatment-refractory disease or in patients with cardiovascular risk factors or inflammatory bowel disease. Voclosporin has only been utilized in psoriasis currently, and clinical trials in psoriasis show voclosporin's efficacy. Voclosporin can be considered for patients with lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Dai
- Department of Dermatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Soo Jung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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Schaefer L, Kloß E, Henrich M, Thom N. Extensive fatal Pyoderma gangrenosum in a dog after drug exposure. TIERARZTLICHE PRAXIS. AUSGABE K, KLEINTIERE/HEIMTIERE 2023; 51:361-367. [PMID: 37956667 DOI: 10.1055/a-2174-6948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
A 4-year-old, spayed female mixed breed dog was presented with large crater-like, well-demarcated, erosive and ulcerative necrotic lesions of the skin, elevated body temperature and lethargy, that began 14 days after vaccination and treatment with fluralaner and milbemycin/praziquantel. Cytology revealed severe pyogranulomatous inflammation with moderate numbers of extracellular microorganisms. Histopathologic examination showed severe multifocal pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis with severe dermal edema and severe neutrophilic exocytosis with band-like infiltration of the lower portion of the epidermis consistent with pyoderma gangrenosum. Despite intensive immunosuppressive and antimicrobial therapy and intensive inpatient care, the dog was euthanized 16 days after admission due to complications with clinical signs of sepsis, acute dyspnea and thoracic effusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schaefer
- Small Animal Clinic, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Elena Kloß
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Manfred Henrich
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Nina Thom
- Small Animal Clinic, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
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3
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Dissemond J, Marzano AV, Hampton PJ, Ortega-Loayza AG. Pyoderma Gangrenosum: Treatment Options. Drugs 2023; 83:1255-1267. [PMID: 37610614 PMCID: PMC10511384 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-023-01931-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis that leads to exceedingly painful ulcerations of the skin. Although the exact pathogenesis is not yet fully understood, various auto-inflammatory phenomena with increased neutrophil granulocyte activity have been demonstrated. Despite the limited understanding of the pathogenesis, it is no longer a diagnosis of exclusion, as it can now be made on the basis of validated scoring systems. However, therapy remains a major multidisciplinary challenge. Various immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapies are available for the treatment of affected patients. In addition, concomitant topical pharmacologic therapy, wound management and pain control should always be addressed. Corticosteroids and/or cyclosporine remain the systemic therapeutics of choice for most patients. However, in recent years, there has been an increasing number of studies on the positive effects of biologic therapies such as inhibitors of tumour necrosis factor-α; interleukin-1, interleukin-17, interleukin-23 or complement factor C5a. Biologics have now become the drug of choice in certain scenarios, particularly in patients with underlying inflammatory comorbidities, and are increasingly used at an early stage in the disease rather than in therapy refractory patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Dissemond
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, University of Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany.
| | - Angelo V Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale, Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Philip J Hampton
- Department of Dermatology, Newcastle Dermatology, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alex G Ortega-Loayza
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science, University, Portland, OR, USA
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4
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Hao Y, He J, Zhao Z, Li C, Feng Z. Clinical efficacy of flap transplantation combined with vacuum sealing drainage and methylprednisolone and cyclosporine in the treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum. Int Wound J 2023; 20:1491-1497. [PMID: 36321334 PMCID: PMC10088856 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of flap transplantation combined with vacuum sealing drainage and methylprednisolone and cyclosporine in the treatment of ulcer wound of patients with pyoderma gangrenosum (PG). From August 2014 to February 2022, 30 patients with pyoderma gangrenosum ulcer wounds were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into the observation group (n = 12) and the control group (n = 18) in this retrospective study. The patients in observation group were treated with VSD combined with flap transplantation and immunosuppressive agent treatment, while the control group was treated with normal dressing change combined with hormone and cyclosporine. The ulcer wound healing time and dressing change times were compared between the two groups. All the 30 cases of two groups healed after corresponding treatment. The wound healing time of ulcer in the observation group was 35-40 days, with an average healing time of (35.83 ± 1.95) days, and the wound healing time of the control group was 60-200 days, with an average healing time of (44.14 ± 9.67) days. The healing time of observation groups was significantly shorter than that in the control group (t = 4.652, P < .05). The frequency of dressing change in the observation group was seven-eight times, with an average of (7.17 ± 0.39) times, and the frequency of dressing change in the control group was 75-86 times, with an average of (79.22 ± 3.62) times. The difference between the two groups was significant (t = 6.214, P < .05). The treatment of VSD combined with flap transplantation and immunosuppressive agent treatment promote ulcer wound healing of pyoderma gangrenosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Hao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Medical Center, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Juan He
- Department of Dermatology, The First Medical Center, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zigang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Medical Center, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chengxin Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Medical Center, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Feng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Medical Center, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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5
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Pyoderma Gangrenosum: An Updated Literature Review on Established and Emerging Pharmacological Treatments. Am J Clin Dermatol 2022; 23:615-634. [PMID: 35606650 PMCID: PMC9464730 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-022-00699-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare inflammatory skin disease classified within the group of neutrophilic dermatoses and clinically characterized by painful, rapidly evolving cutaneous ulcers with undermined, irregular, erythematous-violaceous edges. Pyoderma gangrenosum pathogenesis is complex and involves a profound dysregulation of components of both innate and adaptive immunity in genetically predisposed individuals, with the follicular unit increasingly recognized as the putative initial target. T helper 17/T helper 1-skewed inflammation and exaggerated inflammasome activation lead to a dysregulated neutrophil-dominant milieu with high levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1α, IL-8, IL-12, IL-15, IL-17, IL-23, and IL-36. Low-evidence studies and a lack of validated diagnostic and response criteria have hindered the discovery and validation of new effective treatments for pyoderma gangrenosum. We review established and emerging treatments for pyoderma gangrenosum. A therapeutic algorithm based on available evidence is also provided. For emerging treatments, we review target molecules and their role in the pathogenesis of pyoderma gangrenosum.
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6
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Thornburg DA, Aime V, James S, Gupta N, Bernard R, Johnson ML. Pyoderma Gangrenosum: A Rare Disease With Dire Consequences in Facial Aesthetic Surgery Patients. Aesthet Surg J 2021; 41:NP709-NP716. [PMID: 33471065 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjab026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare, inflammatory dermatologic condition characterized by painful cutaneous ulcerations. Herein, we describe the third documented case of PG arising in an elective plastic surgery patient who had undergone an otherwise uncomplicated facelift. We describe the course of her diagnosis and management of PG, which involved her face and neck and then progressed to her lower extremities. Although the etiology remains unknown, PG often arises in a host with another autoimmune disease. In the case described, the patient was diagnosed with an immunoglobulin A gammopathy shortly after she developed PG. Following the case report, the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment strategy of PG is briefly reviewed. Level of Evidence: 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle A Thornburg
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Victoria Aime
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Nikita Gupta
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Robert Bernard
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Martin L Johnson
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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7
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Aziret M, Kara Ş, Yaldız M, Köse N, Aşıkuzunoğlu F, Cevrioğlu AS. An extensive pyoderma gangrenosum mimicking necrotizing fasciitis: An unusual case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021; 81:105697. [PMID: 33691271 PMCID: PMC7944046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.105697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pyoderma Gangrenosum (PG) is a rare, benign and inflammatory disease characterized by ulcerative skin lesions. We report the successful management of an unusual case of PG following a caesarean section, with extensive cutaneous skin involvement and mimicking necrotizing fasciitis. Presentation of case A 36-year-old woman was admitted with extensive surgical site inflammation after a caesarean section. Despite antibiotic treatment and wound care, the clinical course deteriorated rapidly. Wound debridement following negative pressure closure was performed due to an immediate increase in skin necrosis. A diagnosis of PG was reached based on the absence of a positive wound culture, resistance to wound debridement and the histopathological results. A course of high-dose corticosteroids was started, and a successful clinical course was finally achieved. The patient is now in the 14th month of remission, with no recurrence. Discussion PG is often reported after bowel surgery, especially after complicated stoma or diverticulitis, breast surgery and occasionally after C-sections. The diagnosis of pyoderma gangrenosum may be challenging because of a wide variety of macroscopic features and its pronounced similarity to necrotizing fasciitis. Treatment with systemic corticosteroids is the most common management option, while surgical treatment is extremely controversial. Conclusion An extensive PG following surgery can mimic necrotizing fasciitis. An interdisciplinary treatment approach provides early diagnosis and effective treatment resulting in less morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Aziret
- Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery Sakarya, Turkey.
| | - Şeyma Kara
- Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Mahizer Yaldız
- Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Nur Köse
- Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Feyza Aşıkuzunoğlu
- Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Arif Serhan Cevrioğlu
- Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sakarya, Turkey
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8
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Ahn YJ, Kong TH, Choi JS, Yun WS, Key J, Seo YJ. Strategies to enhance efficacy of SPION-labeled stem cell homing by magnetic attraction: a systemic review with meta-analysis. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:4849-4866. [PMID: 31308662 PMCID: PMC6613362 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s204910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells possess a promising potential in the clinical field. The application and effective delivery of stem cells to the desired target organ or site of injury plays an important role. This review describes strategies on understanding the effective delivery of stem cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) using an external magnet to enhance stem cell migration in vivo and in vitro. Fourteen total publications among 174 articles were selected. Stem cell type, SPION characteristics, labeling time, and magnetic force in vivo are considered important factors affecting the effective delivery of stem cells to the homing site. Most papers reported that the efficiency was increased when magnet is applied compared to those without. Ten studies analyzed the homing competency of SPION-labeled MSCs in vitro by observing the migration of the cell toward the external magnet. In cell-based experiments, the mechanism of magnetic attraction, the kind of nanoparticles, and various stem cells were studied well. Meta-analysis has shown the mean size of nanoparticles and degree of recovery or regeneration of damaged target organs upon in vivo studies. This strategy may provide a guideline for designing studies involving stem cell homing and further expand stem cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ji Ahn
- Research Institute of Hearing Enhancement, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Kong
- Research Institute of Hearing Enhancement, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Jin Sil Choi
- Research Institute of Hearing Enhancement, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Wan Su Yun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Jaehong Key
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Young Joon Seo
- Research Institute of Hearing Enhancement, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
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9
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Evaluating the Efficacy of Topical Dapsone Treatment for Pyoderma Gangrenosum: A Retrospective Case Series. J Cutan Med Surg 2018; 22:650-651. [DOI: 10.1177/1203475418782140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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10
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Partridge ACR, Bai JW, Rosen CF, Walsh SR, Gulliver WP, Fleming P. Effectiveness of systemic treatments for pyoderma gangrenosum: a systematic review of observational studies and clinical trials. Br J Dermatol 2018; 179:290-295. [PMID: 29478243 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a neutrophilic dermatosis with substantial morbidity. There is no consensus on gold-standard treatments. OBJECTIVES To review the effectiveness of systemic therapy for PG. METHODS We searched six databases for 24 systemic therapies for PG. Primary outcomes were complete healing and clinical improvement; secondary outcomes were time to healing and adverse effects. RESULTS We found 3326 citations and 375 articles underwent full-text review; 41 studies met the inclusion criteria. There were 704 participants in 26 retrospective cohort studies, three prospective cohort studies, seven case series, one case-control study, two open-label trials and two randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Systemic corticosteroids were the most studied (32 studies), followed by ciclosporin (21 studies), biologics (16 studies) and oral dapsone (11 studies). One RCT (STOP-GAP, n = 121) showed that prednisolone and ciclosporin were similar: 15-20% of patients showed complete healing at 6 weeks and 47% at 6 months. Another RCT (n = 30) found that infliximab was superior to placebo at 2 weeks (46% vs. 6% response), with a 21% complete healing rate at 6 weeks. Two uncontrolled trials showed 60% and 37% healing within 4 months for canakinumab and infliximab, respectively; other data suggest that patients with concurrent inflammatory bowel disease may benefit from biologics. The remaining studies were poor quality and had small sample sizes but supported the use of corticosteroids, ciclosporin and biologics. CONCLUSIONS Systemic corticosteroids, ciclosporin, infliximab and canakinumab had the most evidence in treating PG. However, current literature is limited to small and lower-quality studies with substantial heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C R Partridge
- MD Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - J W Bai
- MD Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - C F Rosen
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - S R Walsh
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - W P Gulliver
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada
| | - P Fleming
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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11
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Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an ulcerating, neutrophilic dermatosis of unknown etiology. Clinical appearance is characterized by sudden onset of sterile pustules that rapidly develop into very painful ulcerations with violaceous, undermined borders. Due to the lack of specific diagnostic and therapeutic markers, PG is a diagnosis of exclusion. An association with further diseases such as chronic inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, neoplasms, or metabolic syndrome exists in over 50 % of cases. Treatment of PG consists of suppression of inflammatory disease activity, treatment of associated morbidities, promotion of wound healing, and pain relief. Recommended first-line treatment consists of systemic glucocorticosteroids and additional or alternatively cyclosporine. A controlled trial on infliximab in PG points to efficacy of TNF-alpha antagonists. Due to chronicity, frequent recurrences, and often complicated courses, treatment with good tolerability is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Herberger
- Comprehensive Wound Center (CWC), Institut für Versorgungsforschung in der Dermatologie und bei Pflegeberufen, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland.
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12
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13
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Teagle AR, Birchall JC, Hargest R. Gene Therapy for Pyoderma Gangrenosum: Optimal Transfection Conditions and Effect of Drugs on Gene Delivery in the HaCaT Cell Line Using Cationic Liposomes. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2016; 29:119-29. [DOI: 10.1159/000444859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Malkan UY, Gunes G, Eliacik E, Haznedaroglu IC. Treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with thalidomide in a myelodysplastic syndrome case. Int Med Case Rep J 2016; 9:61-4. [PMID: 27051318 PMCID: PMC4803237 DOI: 10.2147/imcrj.s101000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Thalidomide may be used as a treatment option for pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Herein, we aimed to report a patient who was treated well with thalidomide and whose diagnosis was PG with MDS. A 61-year-old man with painless ecchymotic lesions in his right upper extremity was admitted to the hospital in Isparta, Turkey, in January 2015. The lesions were diagnosed as PG. In his anamnesis, it was found that he was diagnosed with MDS 6 years ago and had been treated with cyclosporine at 2×100 mg for 5 years, which was stopped in January 2015. Aspiration from liver lesion revealed the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, so antituberculosis treatment was started. Bone marrow investigation revealed MDS-refractory anemia with excess blasts (7%). For lesions in bilateral upper extremities, thalidomide treatment was started at 50 mg/d. After 1 month from the initiation of thalidomide treatment, the lesions in upper extremities had disappeared. In the literature, there are some reports of patients with PG who were successfully treated with thalidomide. Our patient is a complicated case who simultaneously has MDS, PG, and tuberculosis infection. The reason for thalidomide usage in our patient was the need of immune modulation without immune suppression. Our patient has tolerated the drug well, and excellent response was obtained after 1 month of initiation of thalidomide treatment. To conclude, thalidomide is a very effective drug acting as an immune modulator, which is useful in the clinical management of both MDS and PG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umit Yavuz Malkan
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gursel Gunes
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eylem Eliacik
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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15
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Pyoderma gangrenosum with monoclonal IgA gammopathy and pulmonary tuberculosis. Illustrative case and review. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2015; 32:137-41. [PMID: 26015785 PMCID: PMC4436233 DOI: 10.5114/pdia.2014.40974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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16
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Simpson DL, Burton GG, Hambrook LE. Canine pyoderma gangrenosum: a case series of two dogs. Vet Dermatol 2013; 24:552-e132. [PMID: 23931071 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare disease, which, to the best of the authors' knowledge, has been the subject of only one case report in the peer-reviewed veterinary literature. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To describe the history, clinical signs, diagnostic findings and treatment outcome in two cases of canine PG. ANIMALS Two client-owned dogs presented to a private veterinary referral practice between 2008 and 2010 who received a diagnosis of PG by specialist veterinary dermatologists. METHODS Medical records were analysed to retrieve relevant information. RESULTS Both dogs were treated with prednisolone; this was combined with ciclosporin in case 1 and azathioprine in case 2. Case 2 had a more complete response of lesions to treatment and a longer survival time after diagnosis (763 days) than case 1 (81 days). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare disease distinguished by rapid progression of painful, necrolytic, cutaneous ulcers with irregular, violaceous undermined borders. Azathioprine with glucocorticoids may lead to a better outcome than ciclosporin and glucocorticoids (currently the first-line treatment in humans and the only reported treatment in dogs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah L Simpson
- Animal Dermatology Solutions, 26 Fowler Street, Box Hill South, Victoria, 3128, Australia
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17
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Kamel RA, Ong JF, Eriksson E, Junker JPE, Caterson EJ. Tissue engineering of skin. J Am Coll Surg 2013; 217:533-55. [PMID: 23816384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2013.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rami A Kamel
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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18
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YAMASHIRO E, ARAKAKI O, ARAKAKI H, MIYAGI T, YAMAGUCHI S, TAKAHASHI K, UEZATO H. A Case of Pyoderma Gangrenosum Associated with Myelodysplastic Syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.2336/nishinihonhifu.74.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Wani I, Bhat IHG, Mir M, Mir M, Hassan N, Mustafa A. Pyoderma gangrenosum of abdominal wall: a case report. Oman Med J 2011; 26:64-5. [PMID: 22043386 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2011.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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A necrotizing wound after caesarean delivery. J Gen Intern Med 2010; 25:1242-3. [PMID: 20568018 PMCID: PMC2947639 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-010-1429-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2010] [Revised: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 05/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
Thalidomide is approved for treating erythema nodosum leprosum and multiple myeloma, but it has also emerged as a useful treatment option for many refractory dermatologic disorders. Some of the innovative but off-label uses of thalidomide include aphthous stomatitis, Behçet's disease, lupus erythematosus, prurigo nodularis, sarcoidosis, actinic prurigo, graft-versus-host disease, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, erythema multiforme, lichen planus, Kaposi sarcoma, Jessner lymphocytic infiltrate, uremic pruritus, pyoderma gangrenosum, scleroderma, scleromyxedema, and necrobiosis lipoidica. This article reviews the background, pharmacology, and innovative uses of thalidomide in dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Baylor College of Medicine, BCM Debakey Building M220, One Baylor Plaza, Mail Stop BCM368, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Ehst BD, Minzer-Conzetti K, Swerdlin A, Devere TS. Cutaneous manifestations of internal malignancy. Curr Probl Surg 2010; 47:384-445. [PMID: 20363406 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Inan I, Myers PO, Braun R, Hagen ME, Morel P. Pyoderma gangrenosum after totally implanted central venous access device insertion. World J Surg Oncol 2008; 6:31. [PMID: 18325095 PMCID: PMC2270824 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-6-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2008] [Accepted: 03/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pyoderma gangrenosum is an aseptic skin disease. The ulcerative form of pyoderma gangrenosum is characterized by a rapidly progressing painful irregular and undermined bordered necrotic ulcer. The aetiology of pyoderma gangrenosum remains unclear. In about 70% of cases, it is associated with a systemic disorder, most often inflammatory bowel disease, haematological disease or arthritis. In 25–50% of cases, a triggering factor such as recent surgery or trauma is identified. Treatment consists of local and systemic approaches. Systemic steroids are generally used first. If the lesions are refractory, steroids are combined with other immunosuppressive therapy or to antimicrobial agents. Case presentation A 90 years old patient with myelodysplastic syndrome, seeking regular transfusions required totally implanted central venous access device (Port-a-Cath®) insertion. Fever and inflammatory skin reaction at the site of insertion developed on the seventh post-operative day, requiring the device's explanation. A rapid progression of the skin lesions evolved into a circular skin necrosis. Intravenous steroid treatment stopped the necrosis' progression. Conclusion Early diagnosis remains the most important step to the successful treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Inan
- Visceral Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospital, Rue Micheli-du-Crest 24, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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Tamaki K, Nakazawa T, Mamehara A, Tsuji G, Saigo K, Kawano S, Morinobu A, Kumagai S. Successful treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum associated with myelodysplastic syndrome using high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin. Intern Med 2008; 47:2077-81. [PMID: 19043265 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.47.1280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the case of a 61-year-old man with pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) who was successfully treated with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). He was transported to hospital with fever, pain and ulcer of the left inner thigh, and pancytopenia. PG associated with myelodysplastic syndrome was diagnosed, and treatment with methyl-prednisolone at 1.0 g/day for 3 days was followed by oral prednisolone. As the ulcer deteriorated when prednisolone dose was reduced, he was admitted to our hospital. IVIg was administered twice, with high fever promptly subsiding and the ulcer markedly decreasing in size. IVIg may represent a good option when steroid therapy proves insufficient.
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Cummins DL, Anhalt GJ, Monahan T, Meyerle JH. Treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with intravenous immunoglobulin. Br J Dermatol 2007; 157:1235-9. [PMID: 17916196 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08217.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is increasingly being used to treat inflammatory and autoimmune disease. OBJECTIVES To elucidate the efficacy of IVIG as an adjunct treatment for pyoderma gangrenosum (PG). PATIENTS/METHODS Ten patients with PG were treated with IVIG at Johns Hopkins Department of Dermatology. All patients had severe mutilating and/or refractory disease requiring multi-agent therapy. The charts were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS Seven of the ten patients had clearance of PG lesions in the setting of IVIG and six of these patients maintained efficacy with repeated IVIG treatment. Five patients complained of nausea with treatment, and in one case nausea was severe and intractable. One patient developed an immune reaction requiring diphenhydramine and methylprednisolone and another experienced aseptic meningitis. CONCLUSIONS IVIG may be an effective adjuvant in the treatment of PG and has an acceptable side-effect profile. Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded trials are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Cummins
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 601 North Caroline Street, Suite 6042, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Valesky EM, Spieth K, Beier C, Wolter M, Kaufmann R. Postoperatives Pyoderma gangraenosum Cullen. Unfallchirurg 2007; 110:973-6. [PMID: 17786400 DOI: 10.1007/s00113-007-1283-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The clinical picture in pyoderma gangrenosum varies but a typical medical history with resistance to antimicrobial treatment and worsening or first manifestation of disease because of surgical procedures are indications of this diagnosis. We describe the course of a woman patient who had a pyoderma gangrenosum for more than 1.5 years. After confirming the diagnosis an immunomodulating therapy was initiated until complete remission of the ulcers. Differential diagnosis and different clinicopathologic forms of pyoderma gangrenosum are discussed and an overview of the association with internal diseases is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Valesky
- Zentrum der Dermatologie und Venerologie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Pyoderma gangrenosum: a difficult early diagnosis to make. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00238-007-0128-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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28
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Bardagí M, Lloret A, Fondati A, Ferrer L. Neutrophilic dermatosis resembling pyoderma gangrenosum in a dog with polyarthritis. J Small Anim Pract 2007; 48:229-32. [PMID: 17381769 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2006.00209.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This report describes a case of neutrophilic dermatosis in a dog, with a number of clinical and pathological similarities to human pyoderma gangrenosum. A seven-year-old, female German shepherd dog with a history of non-erosive idiopathic polyarthritis was presented with severe facial swelling, bilateral erosivoulcerative lesions on the muzzle and multiple, eroded, dermal-subcutaneous nodules on the cranial trunk. Histopathological examination of skin biopsies revealed a necrotising neutrophilic dermatitis. No infectious agents could be detected using specific stains, immunohistochemistry, serology and bacterial aerobic, anaerobic or fungal cultures. A sterile neutrophilic dermatosis resembling human pyoderma gangrenosum was presumptively diagnosed, and the patient showed an excellent response to treatment with prednisone and ciclosporin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bardagí
- Department of Animal Medicine & Surgery and Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Veterinary School, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Cutaneous ulcers are a difficult problem. A multidisciplinary approach is often adapted in caring for patients with nonhealing wounds. Internists, surgeons, dermatologists, and nurses must work together to provide a patient with the most comprehensive care possible. Dermatologists are consulted for a number of reasons, particularly if the ulcers are secondary to an inflammatory process. In this discussion, we describe a basic and useful approach to the diagnosis and management of inflammatory ulcers. The spectrum of these conditions is wide, ranging from vasculitis, to pyoderma gangrenosum, to ulcers resulting from the antiphospholipid syndrome and cryoprecipitates. The present authors will emphasize that the approach needs to be all-encompassing, and not focused on the ulceration alone. Certain clues are critical to diagnosis. The management, whereas often difficult, can be very rewarding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaymie Panuncialman
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Providence, RI 02908, USA
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Daigeler A, Lehnhardt M, Helwing M, Steinstraesser L, Homann HH, Steinau HU, Druecke D. Differenzialdiagnose „steriler“ phlegmonöser Entzündungen der Hand. Chirurg 2006; 77:1040-5. [PMID: 16479392 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-006-1155-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bacterial infections represent a large proportion of emergencies in hand surgery. In some cases, pyoderma gangrenosum and mycobacterial infection may present with the same symptoms of swelling, pain, and purulent secretion. In these cases, operative treatment would be harmful. Therefore two cases-pyoderma gangrenosum and tuberculosis-are presented here in relation to common bacterial hand infection. METHODS Using two case reports of diseases that only rarely affect the hands, their relevance to differential diagnosis is shown with reference to the literature. RESULTS In both cases, we found clinical symptoms of bacterial hand infection with negative bacterial smear tests. After several debridements, pyoderma gangrenosum of the dorsum of the hand was diagnosed in one patient after pyodermiform lesions at the thigh and the nasal septum were detected and pre-existing colitis ulcerosa was taken into consideration. Corticoid therapy induced complete remission. The second patient with similar clinical symptoms had been operated on at another hospital several times before being transferred to our institution. The presumptive diagnosis of pyoderma gangrenosum was made, and under treatment with prednisone the symptoms quickly improved. After 2 weeks, the wound conditions and the patient's condition rapidly worsened. Following amputation at the upper arm level, the patient died of septic multiple organ failure. Autopsy studies revealed tuberculous sepsis originating from the hand. DISCUSSION Patient history should be evaluated carefully because of its value to correct diagnosis. In case of negative smear tests, especially from immunocompromised, elderly patients and in patients with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis, Ziehl-Neelsen staining should be obtained. In case of multilocular affection or pre-existing chronic inflammatory bowel disease, the presumptive diagnosis of pyoderma gangrenosum can be confirmed by biopsies from the lesions margin. In both cases, unnecessary traumatizing operations could thus be avoided and treatment optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Daigeler
- Universitätsklinik für Plastische Chirurgie und Schwerbrandverletzte, Handchirurgiezentrum, Operatives Referenzzentrum für Gliedmassentumoren, BG-Kliniken Bergmannsheil-Bochum, Ruhr-Universität Bochum.
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Bahillo C, Pérez C, López-Barrantes O, Cervigón I, García-Almagro D. Lesiones ulcerosas de repetición. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2006; 97:412-4. [PMID: 16956525 DOI: 10.1016/s0001-7310(06)73432-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Bahillo
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, España.
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32
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Berthelot
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, USA
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