1
|
Buduneli N, Bıyıkoğlu B, Kinane DF. Utility of gingival crevicular fluid components for periodontal diagnosis. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 39004819 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are highly prevalent chronic diseases, and severe periodontitis creates functional and esthetic problems and decreases self-esteem for a large percentage of the older population worldwide. In many cases of periodontitis, there is no distinct tell-tale pain that motivates a patient to seek treatment, rather the signs become clinically detectable late, and typically when the disease has progressed to a problematic level for the life of the dentition. Early periodontal screening and diagnostics tools will provide early recognition of periodontal diseases and facilitate timely management of the disease to reduce tooth loss. To this goal, gingival crevicular fluid is easily sampled, can be repeatedly and non-invasively collected, and can be tested for potential biomarkers. Moreover, the site specificity of periodontal diseases enhances the usefulness of gingival crevicular fluid sampled from specific sites as a biofluid for diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of periodontal diseases. The present review aimed to provide up-to-date information on potential diagnostic biomarkers with utility that can be assayed from gingival crevicular fluid samples, focusing on what is new and useful and providing only general historic background textually and in a tabulated format.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurcan Buduneli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Başak Bıyıkoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, School Dentistry, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Denis F Kinane
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang C, Wang J, Zhu Z, Hu J, Lin Y. Spotlight on pro-inflammatory chemokines: regulators of cellular communication in cognitive impairment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1421076. [PMID: 39011039 PMCID: PMC11247373 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1421076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a decline in people's ability to think, learn, and remember, and so forth. Cognitive impairment is a global health challenge that affects the quality of life of thousands of people. The condition covers a wide range from mild cognitive impairment to severe dementia, which includes Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), among others. While the etiology of cognitive impairment is diverse, the role of chemokines is increasingly evident, especially in the presence of chronic inflammation and neuroinflammation. Although inflammatory chemokines have been linked to cognitive impairment, cognitive impairment is usually multifactorial. Researchers are exploring the role of chemokines and other inflammatory mediators in cognitive dysfunction and trying to develop therapeutic strategies to mitigate their effects. The pathogenesis of cognitive disorders is very complex, their underlying causative mechanisms have not been clarified, and their treatment is always one of the challenges in the field of medicine. Therefore, exploring its pathogenesis and treatment has important socioeconomic value. Chemokines are a growing family of structurally and functionally related small (8-10 kDa) proteins, and there is growing evidence that pro-inflammatory chemokines are associated with many neurobiological processes that may be relevant to neurological disorders beyond their classical chemotactic function and play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of cognitive disorders. In this paper, we review the roles and regulatory mechanisms of pro-inflammatory chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL11, CCL20, and CXCL8) in cognitive impairment. We also discuss the intrinsic relationship between the two, hoping to provide some valuable references for the treatment of cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhichao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jialing Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of GanNan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Khokhar M, Dey S, Tomo S, Jaremko M, Emwas AH, Pandey RK. Unveiling Novel Drug Targets and Emerging Therapies for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comprehensive Review. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:1664-1693. [PMID: 38898941 PMCID: PMC11184612 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic debilitating autoimmune disease, that causes joint damage, deformities, and decreased functionality. In addition, RA can also impact organs like the skin, lungs, eyes, and blood vessels. This autoimmune condition arises when the immune system erroneously targets the joint synovial membrane, resulting in synovitis, pannus formation, and cartilage damage. RA treatment is often holistic, integrating medication, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications. Its main objective is to achieve remission or low disease activity by utilizing a "treat-to-target" approach that optimizes drug usage and dose adjustments based on clinical response and disease activity markers. The primary RA treatment uses disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) that help to interrupt the inflammatory process. When there is an inadequate response, a combination of biologicals and DMARDs is recommended. Biological therapies target inflammatory pathways and have shown promising results in managing RA symptoms. Close monitoring for adverse effects and disease progression is critical to ensure optimal treatment outcomes. A deeper understanding of the pathways and mechanisms will allow new treatment strategies that minimize adverse effects and maintain quality of life. This review discusses the potential targets that can be used for designing and implementing precision medicine in RA treatment, spotlighting the latest breakthroughs in biologics, JAK inhibitors, IL-6 receptor antagonists, TNF blockers, and disease-modifying noncoding RNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Khokhar
- Department
of Biochemistry, All India Institute of
Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005 Rajasthan, India
| | - Sangita Dey
- CSO
Department, Cellworks Research India Pvt
Ltd, Bengaluru, 560066 Karnataka, India
| | - Sojit Tomo
- Department
of Biochemistry, All India Institute of
Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, 342005 Rajasthan, India
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health
Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological
and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core
Laboratories, King Abdullah University of
Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajan Kumar Pandey
- Department
of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Duarte PM, Gurgel BCDV, Miranda TS, Sardenberg J, Gu T, Aukhil I. Distinctive genes and signaling pathways associated with type 2 diabetes-related periodontitis: Preliminary study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296925. [PMID: 38241313 PMCID: PMC10798476 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The biological mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2DM)-related periodontitis remain unclear. This cross-sectional study evaluated the distinctive transcriptomic changes between tissues with periodontal health and with periodontitis in patients with T2DM. In this cross-sectional study, whole transcriptome sequencing was performed on gingival biopsies from non-periodontitis and periodontitis tissues from non-diabetic and diabetic patients. A differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) assessed the genes and signaling pathways associated with T2DM-related periodontitis. Immunohistochemistry was performed to validate selected DEGs possibly involved in T2DM-related periodontitis. Four hundred and twenty and one thousand five hundred and sixty-three DEGs (fold change ≥ 2) were uniquely identified in the diseased tissues of non-diabetic and diabetic patients, respectively. The IPA predicted the activation of Phagosome Formation, Cardiac β-adrenergic, tRNA Splicing, and PI3K/AKT pathways. The IPA also predicted the inhibition of Cholesterol Biosynthesis, Adrenomedullin, and Inositol Phosphate Compounds pathways in T2DM-related periodontitis. Validation of DEGs confirmed changes in protein expression of PTPN2, PTPN13, DHCR24, PIK3R2, CALCRL, IL1RN, IL-6R and ITGA4 in diseased tissues in diabetic subjects. Thus, these preliminary findings indicate that there are specific genes and functional pathways that may be involved in the pathogenesis of T2DM-related periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poliana Mendes Duarte
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | | | | | - Juliana Sardenberg
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Tongjun Gu
- ICBR Bioinformatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Ikramuddin Aukhil
- ECU School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Loh SX, Ekinci Y, Spray L, Jeyalan V, Olin T, Richardson G, Austin D, Alkhalil M, Spyridopoulos I. Fractalkine Signalling (CX 3CL1/CX 3CR1 Axis) as an Emerging Target in Coronary Artery Disease. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4821. [PMID: 37510939 PMCID: PMC10381654 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is the most common and dramatic complication of atherosclerosis, which, despite successful reperfusion therapy, can lead to incident heart failure (HF). HF occurs when the healing process is impaired due to adverse left ventricular remodelling, and can be the result of so-called ischaemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), visualised by the development of intramyocardial haemorrhage (IMH) or microvascular obstruction (MVO) in cardiac MRI. Thus far, translation of novel pharmacological strategies from preclinical studies to target either IRI or HF post MI have been largely unsuccessful. Anti-inflammatory therapies also carry the risk of affecting the immune system. Fractalkine (FKN, CX3CL1) is a unique chemokine, present as a transmembrane protein on the endothelium, or following cleavage as a soluble ligand, attracting leukocyte subsets expressing the corresponding receptor CX3CR1. We have shown previously that the fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 is associated with MVO in patients undergoing primary PCI. Moreover, inhibition of CX3CR1 with an allosteric small molecule antagonist (KAND567) in the rat MI model reduces acute infarct size, inflammation, and IMH. Here we review the cellular biology of fractalkine and its receptor, along with ongoing studies that introduce CX3CR1 as a future target in coronary artery disease, specifically in patients with myocardial infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Xian Loh
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK; (S.X.L.); (V.J.); (M.A.)
| | - Yasemin Ekinci
- Translational Research Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (Y.E.); (L.S.)
| | - Luke Spray
- Translational Research Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (Y.E.); (L.S.)
| | - Visvesh Jeyalan
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK; (S.X.L.); (V.J.); (M.A.)
- Academic Cardiovascular Unit, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, UK;
- Population Health Science Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Thomas Olin
- Kancera AB, Karolinska Institutet Science Park, 171 65 Solna, Sweden;
| | - Gavin Richardson
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK;
| | - David Austin
- Academic Cardiovascular Unit, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, UK;
- Population Health Science Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Mohammad Alkhalil
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK; (S.X.L.); (V.J.); (M.A.)
- Translational Research Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (Y.E.); (L.S.)
| | - Ioakim Spyridopoulos
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK; (S.X.L.); (V.J.); (M.A.)
- Translational Research Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (Y.E.); (L.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Makkar R, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Rawat R, Rashid S, Vargas-De-La-Cruz C, Yadav S, Bungau SG, Behl T. Current trends in epigenetic, cellular and molecular pathways in management of rheumatoid arthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2023:10.1007/s10787-023-01262-5. [PMID: 37335368 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01262-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic chronic polyarticular autoimmune disorder of joints and joint membrane mainly affecting feet and hands. The pathological manifestation of the disease includes infiltration of immune cells, hyperplasia of the lining of synovium, formation of pannus and bone and cartilage destruction. If left untreated, the appearance of small focal necrosis, adhesion of granulation, and formation of fibrous tissue on the surface of articular cartilage is noted. The disease primarily affects nearly 1% of the population globally, women being more affected than men with a ratio 2:1 and can initiate regardless of any age. The synovial fibroblast in rheumatoid arthritis individuals exhibits an aggressive phenotype which upregulates the manifestation of protooncogenes, adhesive compounds, inflammatory cytokines and matrix-deteriorating enzymes. Apart from the inflammatory effects of cytokines, chemokines are also noted to induce swelling and pain in arthritic individuals by residing in synovial membrane and forming pannus. The current treatment of rheumatoid arthritis includes treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, treatment with biologics such as inhibitors of TNF-α, interleukins, platelet activating factor, etc. which provides significant relief from symptoms and aids in management of the disease. The current review highlights the pathogenesis involved in the onset of rheumatoid arthritis and also covers epigenetic, cellular and molecular parameters associated with it to aid better and advanced therapeutic approaches for management of the debilitating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashita Makkar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- GHG Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Gurusar Sadhar, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Ravi Rawat
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Celia Vargas-De-La-Cruz
- Department of Pharmacology, Bromatology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, 150001, Peru
- E-Health Research Center, Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Lima, 15001, Peru
| | - Shivam Yadav
- School of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226028, India
| | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028, Oradea, Romania.
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087, Oradea, Romania.
| | - Tapan Behl
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi, Uttarakhand, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Korchynskyi O, Yoshida K, Korchynska N, Czarnik-Kwaśniak J, Tak PP, Pruijn GJM, Isozaki T, Ruth JH, Campbell PL, Amin MA, Koch AE. Mammalian Glycosylation Patterns Protect Citrullinated Chemokine MCP-1/CCL2 from Partial Degradation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031862. [PMID: 36768186 PMCID: PMC9915159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) is a potent chemotactic agent for monocytes, primarily produced by macrophages and endothelial cells. Significantly elevated levels of MCP-1/CCL2 were found in synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), compared to osteoarthritis or other arthritis patients. Several studies suggested an important role for MCP-1 in the massive inflammation at the damaged joint, in part due to its chemotactic and angiogenic effects. It is a known fact that the post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins have a significant impact on their properties. In mammals, arginine residues within proteins can be converted into citrulline by peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) enzymes. Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), recognizing these PTMs, have become a hallmark for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other autoimmune diseases and are important in diagnostics and prognosis. In previous studies, we found that citrullination converts the neutrophil attracting chemokine neutrophil-activating peptide 78 (ENA-78) into a potent macrophage chemoattractant. Here we report that both commercially available and recombinant bacterially produced MCP-1/CCL2 are rapidly (partially) degraded upon in vitro citrullination. However, properly glycosylated MCP-1/CCL2 produced by mammalian cells is protected against degradation during efficient citrullination. Site-directed mutagenesis of the potential glycosylation site at the asparagine-14 residue within human MCP-1 revealed lower expression levels in mammalian expression systems. The glycosylation-mediated recombinant chemokine stabilization allows the production of citrullinated MCP-1/CCL2, which can be effectively used to calibrate crucial assays, such as modified ELISAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olexandr Korchynskyi
- Department of Human Immunology and Centre for Innovative Biomedical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszow, 1a Warzywna St., 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 01054 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Department of Public Development and Health, S. Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
- Correspondence:
| | - Ken Yoshida
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, the Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Nataliia Korchynska
- Department of Public Development and Health, S. Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Justyna Czarnik-Kwaśniak
- Department of Human Immunology and Centre for Innovative Biomedical Research, Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszow, 1a Warzywna St., 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Paul P. Tak
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK
- Candel Therapeutics, Needham, MA 02494, USA
| | - Ger J. M. Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Takeo Isozaki
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jeffrey H. Ruth
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Phillip L. Campbell
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - M. Asif Amin
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alisa E. Koch
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gremese E, Tolusso B, Bruno D, Perniola S, Ferraccioli G, Alivernini S. The forgotten key players in rheumatoid arthritis: IL-8 and IL-17 - Unmet needs and therapeutic perspectives. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:956127. [PMID: 37035302 PMCID: PMC10073515 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.956127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the relevant advances in our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms regulating inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the development of effective therapeutics, to date, there is still a proportion of patients with RA who do not respond to treatment and end up progressing toward the development of joint damage, extra-articular complications, and disability. This is mainly due to the inter-individual heterogeneity of the molecular and cellular taxonomy of the synovial membrane, which represents the target tissue of RA inflammation. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are crucial key players in RA pathogenesis fueling the inflammatory cascade, as supported by experimental evidence derived from in vivo animal models and the effectiveness of biologic-Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (b-DMARDs) in patients with RA. However, additional inflammatory soluble mediators such as IL-8 and IL-17 exert their pathogenetic actions promoting the detrimental activation of immune and stromal cells in RA synovial membrane, tendons, and extra-articular sites, as well as blood vessels and lungs, causing extra-articular complications, which might be excluded by the action of anti-TNFα and anti-IL6R targeted therapies. In this narrative review, we will discuss the role of IL-8 and IL-17 in promoting inflammation in multiple biological compartments (i.e., synovial membrane, blood vessels, and lung, respectively) in animal models of arthritis and patients with RA and how their selective targeting could improve the management of treatment resistance in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Gremese
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Immunology Core Facility, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- School of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Elisa Gremese, Gianfranco Ferraccioli
| | - Barbara Tolusso
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Immunology Core Facility, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Bruno
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Simone Perniola
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Ferraccioli
- School of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Elisa Gremese, Gianfranco Ferraccioli
| | - Stefano Alivernini
- Immunology Core Facility, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- School of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Division of Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Murayama MA, Shimizu J, Miyabe C, Yudo K, Miyabe Y. Chemokines and chemokine receptors as promising targets in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1100869. [PMID: 36860872 PMCID: PMC9968812 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1100869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that commonly causes inflammation and bone destruction in multiple joints. Inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-α, play important roles in RA development and pathogenesis. Biological therapies targeting these cytokines have revolutionized RA therapy. However, approximately 50% of the patients are non-responders to these therapies. Therefore, there is an ongoing need to identify new therapeutic targets and therapies for patients with RA. In this review, we focus on the pathogenic roles of chemokines and their G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in RA. Inflamed tissues in RA, such as the synovium, highly express various chemokines to promote leukocyte migration, tightly controlled by chemokine ligand-receptor interactions. Because the inhibition of these signaling pathways results in inflammatory response regulation, chemokines and their receptors could be promising targets for RA therapy. The blockade of various chemokines and/or their receptors has yielded prospective results in preclinical trials using animal models of inflammatory arthritis. However, some of these strategies have failed in clinical trials. Nonetheless, some blockades showed promising results in early-phase clinical trials, suggesting that chemokine ligand-receptor interactions remain a promising therapeutic target for RA and other autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori A Murayama
- Department of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Shimizu
- Department of Immunology and Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chie Miyabe
- Department of Frontier Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yudo
- Department of Frontier Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshishige Miyabe
- Department of Immunology and Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kawabe A, Yamagata K, Kato S, Nakano K, Sakata K, Tsukada YI, Ohmura K, Nakayamada S, Tanaka Y. Role of DNA dioxygenase Ten-Eleven translocation 3 (TET3) in rheumatoid arthritis progression. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:222. [PMID: 36114544 PMCID: PMC9479255 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02908-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients present with abnormal methylation patterns in their fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Given that DNA demethylation is critical for producing DNA methylation patterns, we hypothesized that DNA demethylation may facilitate RA progression. Therefore, we designed this study to examine the role of DNA dioxygenase family, Ten-Eleven translocation (TET1/2/3), in the pathological process of RA. Methods Synovial tissues and FLS were obtained from patients with RA and Osteoarthritis. K/BxN serum-induced arthritis was induced in Wild-type (WT) and TET3 heterozygous-deficient (TET3+/−) C57BL/6 mice. Results We found that both TET3 and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) were upregulated in synovitis tissues from RA patients and confirmed this upregulation in the cultured FLS derived from synovitis tissues. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) upregulated TET3 and 5hmC levels in cultured FLS, and the stimulated FLS exhibited high cell mobility with increased transcription of cellular migration-related factors such as C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) in a TET3-dependent manner. In addition, TET3 haploinsufficiency lowered RA progression in a mouse model of serum-induced arthritis. Conclusions Based on these findings, we can assume that TET3-mediated DNA demethylation acts as an epigenetic regulator of RA progression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-022-02908-5.
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhao J, Wei K, Jiang P, Chang C, Xu L, Xu L, Shi Y, Guo S, He D. G-Protein-Coupled Receptors in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Recent Insights into Mechanisms and Functional Roles. Front Immunol 2022; 13:907733. [PMID: 35874704 PMCID: PMC9304905 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.907733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to joint damage and even disability. Although there are various clinical therapies for RA, some patients still have poor or no response. Thus, the development of new drug targets remains a high priority. In this review, we discuss the role of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including chemokine receptors, melanocortin receptors, lipid metabolism-related receptors, adenosine receptors, and other inflammation-related receptors, on mechanisms of RA, such as inflammation, lipid metabolism, angiogenesis, and bone destruction. Additionally, we summarize the latest clinical trials on GPCR targeting to provide a theoretical basis and guidance for the development of innovative GPCR-based clinical drugs for RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Zhao
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wei
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cen Chang
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingxia Xu
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linshuai Xu
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Shi
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- *Correspondence: Shicheng Guo, ; Dongyi He,
| | - Dongyi He
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shicheng Guo, ; Dongyi He,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kumar R, Bhatia M, Pai K. Role of Chemokines in the Pathogenesis of Visceral Leishmaniasis. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:5441-5461. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220509171244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL; also known as kala-azar), caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani is characterized by the inability of the host to generate an effective immune response. The manifestations of the disease depends on involvement of various immune components such as activation of macrophages, cell mediated immunity, secretion of cytokines and chemokines, etc. Macrophages are the final host cells for Leishmania parasites to multiply, and they are the key to a controlled or aggravated response that leads to clinical symptoms. The two most common macrophage phenotypes are M1 and M2. The pro-inflammatory microenvironment (mainly by IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-23, and TNF-α cytokines) and tissue injury driven by classically activated macrophages (M1-like) and wound healing driven by alternatively activated macrophages (M2-like) in an anti-inflammatory environment (mainly by IL-10, TGF-β, chemokine ligand (CCL)1, CCL2, CCL17, CCL18, and CCL22). Moreover, on polarized Th cells, chemokine receptors are expressed differently. Typically, CXCR3 and CCR5 are preferentially expressed on polarized Th1 cells, whereas CCR3, CCR4 and CCR8 have been associated with the Th2 phenotype. Further, the ability of the host to produce a cell-mediated immune response capable of regulating and/or eliminating the parasite is critical in the fight against the disease. Here, we review the interactions between parasites and chemokines and chemokines receptors in the pathogenesis of VL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kalpana Pai
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhan H, Chen H, Tang Z, Liu S, Xie K, Wang H. SIX1 attenuates inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis by silencing MyD88-dependent TLR1/2 signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 106:108613. [PMID: 35180623 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that severely affects the patients' quality of life. Sine oculis homeobox 1 (SIX1) has been reported as a key regulator of organogenesis and inflammation. This study aimed to explore the effects of SIX1 on RA. METHODS Wistar rats were immunized with type II collagen to induce an animal model of RA. RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) were isolated from the rats. SIX1 expression in RA rats and RASFs was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. CCK-8, EdU, transwell, flow cytometer, and ELISA were conducted to assay the effects of SIX1 on RASFs. The effects of SIX1 on RA rats were studied by Safranin O staining, H&E staining, and ELISA. Besides, GSEA and KEGG analysis were used to predict the underlying signaling pathways. RESULTS SIX1 was low expressed in synovial tissue of RA rats and RASFs. SIX1 overexpression inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 in RASFs. However, SIX1 overexpression promoted the apoptosis of RASFs. SIX1 overexpression enhanced body weight, and attenuated the cartilage damage, pathological injury, and pro-inflammatory cytokine release of RA rat model. MyD88-dependent TLR1/2 might be a downstream signaling of SIX1. RelA acted as a transcription factor of TLR1/2, and SIX1 inhibited TLR1/2 signaling possibly via interaction with RelA. Adding with Pam3CSK4, a specific agonist of TLR1/2 signaling, attenuated the effects of SIX1 on RASFs. CONCLUSION SIX1 attenuated inflammation and RA by silencing MyD88-dependent TLR1/2 signaling. SIX1 may be a promising target for RA treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhan
- Department of Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan, Ji'nan 250031, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hongxia Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan, Ji'nan 250031, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zizheng Tang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan, Ji'nan 250031, Shandong, PR China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan, Ji'nan 250031, Shandong, PR China
| | - Kangqi Xie
- Department of Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan, Ji'nan 250031, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan, Ji'nan 250031, Shandong, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chang L, Kan L. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Originated Exosomal Circular RNA circFBXW7 Attenuates Cell Proliferation, Migration and Inflammation of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes by Targeting miR-216a-3p/HDAC4 in Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:6157-6171. [PMID: 34853524 PMCID: PMC8627898 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s336099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease of articular joint damage and elevated synovial hyperplasia. Abnormal proliferation, invasion inflammatory response of rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) play a critical role in RA progression. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)–derived exosomal circular RNAs are promising therapeutic manner for disease treatment. This work aimed to decipher the role of exosomal circFBXW7 in RA. Methods The expression of circFBXW7, miR-216a-3p, and HDAC4 were detected in clinical RA samples. The RA rat model was established. Isolation and identification of exosomes from MSCs was conducted. The effects of exosomal circFBXW7 on RA was evaluated by qPCR, CCK-8, transwell assays, flow cytometry, Western blotting, ELISA, and immunohistochemical assay. Interaction between miR-216a-3p and circFBXW7 or HDAC4 was determined by luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA pulldown. Results Exosomal circFBXW7 treatment suppressed proliferation, migration and inflammatory response of RA-FLSs and damage of RA model. CircFBXW7 could directly sponge miR-216a-3p to upregulate the expression of HDAC4. Inhibition of HDAC4 or upregulation of miR-216a-3p abolished the therapeutic function of exosomal circFBXW7. Our data demonstrated that circFBXW7 and HDAC4 were decreased, and miR-216a-3p was elevated in clinical RA sample compared with healthy samples. Conclusion We concluded that MSC-derived exosomal circFBXW7 suppressed proliferation, migration and inflammatory response of RA-FLSs and damage of RA rats via sponging miR-216a-3p and release the activation of HDAC4. These findings may provide a novel therapeutic target for RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Chang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Kan
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Phospholipase A1 Member A Activates Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes through the Autotaxin-Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312685. [PMID: 34884486 PMCID: PMC8657932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidylserine (lysoPS) is known to regulate immune cell functions. Phospholipase A1 member A (PLA1A) can generate this bioactive lipid through hydrolysis of sn-1 fatty acids on phosphatidylserine (PS). PLA1A has been associated with cancer metastasis, asthma, as well as acute coronary syndrome. However, the functions of PLA1A in the development of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases remain elusive. To investigate the possible implication of PLA1A during rheumatic diseases, we monitored PLA1A in synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and plasma of early-diagnosed arthritis (EA) patients and clinically stable systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. We used human primary fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) to evaluate the PLA1A-induced biological responses. Our results highlighted that the plasma concentrations of PLA1A in EA and SLE patients were elevated compared to healthy donors. High concentrations of PLA1A were also detected in synovial fluids from rheumatoid arthritis patients compared to those from osteoarthritis (OA) and gout patients. The origin of PLA1A in FLSs and the arthritic joints remained unknown, as healthy human primary FLSs does not express the PLA1A transcript. Besides, the addition of recombinant PLA1A stimulated cultured human primary FLSs to secrete IL-8. Preincubation with heparin, autotaxin (ATX) inhibitor HA130 or lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor antagonist Ki16425 reduced PLA1A-induced-secretion of IL-8. Our data suggested that FLS-associated PLA1A cleaves membrane-exposed PS into lysoPS, which is subsequently converted to LPA by ATX. Since primary FLSs do not express any lysoPS receptors, the data suggested PLA1A-mediated pro-inflammatory responses through the ATX-LPA receptor signaling axis.
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang Y, Wu H, Deng R. Angiogenesis as a potential treatment strategy for rheumatoid arthritis. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 910:174500. [PMID: 34509462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an early and key event in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and is crucial for the proliferation of synovial tissue and the formation of pannus. This process is regulated by both angiogenesis-stimulating factors and angiogenesis inhibitors, the basis for the "on-off hypothesis of angiogenesis." In RA, inflammation, immune imbalance, and hypoxia can further turn on the switch for blood vessel formation and induce angiogenesis. The new vasculature can recruit white blood cells, induce immune imbalance, and aggravate inflammation. At the same time, it also can provide oxygen and nutrients for the proliferating synovial tissue, which can accelerate the process of RA. The current therapies for RA mainly target the inflammatory response of autoimmune activation. Although these therapies have been greatly improved, there are still many patients whose RA is difficult to treat or who do not fully respond to treatment. Therefore, new innovative therapies are still urgently needed. This review covers the mechanism of synovial angiogenesis in RA, including the detailed process of angiogenesis and the relationship between inflammation, immune imbalance, hypoxia, and synovial angiogenesis, respectively. At the same time, in the context of the development of angiogenesis inhibition therapy for cancer, we also discuss similar treatment strategies for RA, especially the combination of targeted angiogenesis inhibition therapy and immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Hong Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Ran Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China; Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Characteristics Serve as Retinal Vein Occlusion Therapeutic Biomarkers for Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:3510036. [PMID: 34691285 PMCID: PMC8528596 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3510036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the second most common vision-threatening retinal vascular disease. Intravitreal dexamethasone implant has been applied to treat macular edema secondary to RVO (RVO-ME). However, the alteration of morphologic features detected with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has not been fully studied in RVO-ME patients before and after the treatment. Objective This study is aimed at identifying potential therapeutic targets in RVO with integrative bioinformatic analysis and compares the OCTA characteristics alterations in patients with RVO-ME receiving injection of dexamethasone intravitreal implant. Methods Bioinformatic analysis was analyzed in GSE101398 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Multiple functional enrichment analyses were performed, and protein-protein interaction network was constructed to visualize the key node genes. Eleven eyes with RVO-ME were examined with OCTA before and after intravitreal dexamethasone implant. The OCTA parameters, including macular thickness, vessel density, foveal avascular zone parameters, the number of hyperreflective foci (HRF), area of cystoid edema, and subretinal fluid (SRF), were compared. The correlation was analyzed between best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and OCTA parameters. Results A total of 79 differentially expressed genes were identified. Functional enrichment analyses revealed the enriched inflammatory events in RVO. In RVO-ME, Pearson correlation revealed that baseline BCVA was positively correlated with the area of SRF and central macular thickness, while no correlation was detected between baseline BCVA and HRF number or the area of cystoid edema. The visual acuity improved, and the central macular thickness was decreased after intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection. Besides, the number of HRF, the area of cystoid edema, and SRF were significantly alleviated after dexamethasone intravitreal injection. Conclusion Retinal inflammation plays a crucial role in RVO pathogenesis. The imaging biomarkers of RVO including Müller glial intracellular edema, and retinal pigment epithelium dysfunction, could be assessed in OCTA and attenuated by intravitreal dexamethasone implant effectively.
Collapse
|
18
|
Pournazari M, Feizollahi P, Roghani SA, Assar S, Soufivand P, Soleymani B, Bahrehmand F, Kish ZM, Taghadosi M. Increased plasma levels of CCL20 in peripheral blood of rheumatoid arthritis patients and its association with clinical and laboratory parameters. Clin Rheumatol 2021; 41:265-270. [PMID: 34477989 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05899-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease that primarily affects small joints. The impaired chemokine and cytokine responses are essential pathological mechanisms for the RA clinical presentation. Given the role of chemokines and inflammatory reactions in RA pathogenesis, we evaluate the association between the plasma concentration of CCL20 with the clinical and laboratory parameters in newly diagnosed RA patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-five newly diagnosed RA patients and forty-five healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. The plasma levels of CCL20, rheumatoid factor, and anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. RESULT The plasma levels of CCL20 were increased significantly in RA patients compared to the healthy controls (p < 0.0001). There was a positive correlation between CCL20 and RF, anti-CCP, ESR, and DAS-28 (p < 0.0001, r = 0.669; p < 0.015, r = 0.358; p < 0.0001, r = 0.586; p < 0.0001, r = 0.769). CONCLUSION The increased plasma levels of CCL20 in newly diagnosed RA patients may contribute to RA pathogenesis, and it is in association with clinical and laboratory parameters. Key Points • CCL20 has a contribution to the early phase of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Pournazari
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Parisa Feizollahi
- Student Research Committee, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Askar Roghani
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shirin Assar
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Parviz Soufivand
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bijan Soleymani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fariborz Bahrehmand
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zahra Mohammadi Kish
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahdi Taghadosi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Stothert AR, Kaur T. Innate Immunity to Spiral Ganglion Neuron Loss: A Neuroprotective Role of Fractalkine Signaling in Injured Cochlea. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:694292. [PMID: 34408629 PMCID: PMC8365835 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.694292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune system dysregulation is increasingly being attributed to the development of a multitude of neurodegenerative diseases. This, in large part, is due to the delicate relationship that exists between neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS), and the resident immune cells that aid in homeostasis and immune surveillance within a tissue. Classically, the inner ear was thought to be immune privileged due to the presence of a blood-labyrinth barrier. However, it is now well-established that both vestibular and auditory end organs in the inner ear contain a resident (local) population of macrophages which are the phagocytic cells of the innate-immune system. Upon cochlear sterile injury or infection, there is robust activation of these resident macrophages and a predominant increase in the numbers of macrophages as well as other types of leukocytes. Despite this, the source, nature, fate, and functions of these immune cells during cochlear physiology and pathology remains unclear. Migration of local macrophages and infiltration of bone-marrow-derived peripheral blood macrophages into the damaged cochlea occur through various signaling cascades, mediated by the release of specific chemical signals from damaged sensory and non-sensory cells of the cochlea. One such signaling pathway is CX3CL1-CX3CR1, or fractalkine (FKN) signaling, a direct line of communication between macrophages and sensory inner hair cells (IHCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) of the cochlea. Despite the known importance of this neuron-immune axis in CNS function and pathology, until recently it was not clear whether this signaling axis played a role in macrophage chemotaxis and SGN survival following cochlear injury. In this review, we will explore the importance of innate immunity in neurodegenerative disease development, specifically focusing on the regulation of the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis, and present evidence for a role of FKN signaling in cochlear neuroprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Rigel Stothert
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Tejbeer Kaur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Prasad S, Kulshreshtha A, Lall R, Gupta SC. Inflammation and ROS in arthritis: management by Ayurvedic medicinal plants. Food Funct 2021; 12:8227-8247. [PMID: 34302162 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01078f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic joint inflammatory disorders like osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, which are manifested by joint dysfunction, show an upsurge in inflammation and oxidative stress. Although conventional anti-arthritic drugs are being used to relieve pain from arthritic symptoms, they usually cause severe side effects. Traditionally used Ayurvedic medicinal plants are a promising alternative for the management of arthritic symptoms, as they are safe and effective. Ayurvedic medicinal plants improve arthritic symptoms by reducing joint tenderness, joint pain, swelling, bone and cartilage damage, and increasing knee flexion, walking distance and sports activities. These beneficial effects of Ayurvedic medicinal plants on arthritis are mediated through various cellular mechanisms including inhibition of the inflammatory markers NF-κB, cytokines, adipokines, PGE2, NO, iNOS, COX-2, and MMPs and induction of antioxidant status by decreasing free radicals, lipid peroxidation, and myeloperoxidase, and increasing antioxidant enzymes, Nrf2, and HO-1. Thus, a strategy requires using these Ayurvedic medicinal plants to treat arthritis. This article describes the status of inflammation and oxidative stress in arthritic conditions. We also provide evidence that Ayurvedic medicinal plants and their bioactive components are highly effective in improving arthritic symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahdeo Prasad
- Noble Pharma, LLC, Research and Development, Menomonie, WI, 54751 USA.
| | - Alok Kulshreshtha
- Noble Pharma, LLC, Research and Development, Menomonie, WI, 54751 USA.
| | - Rajiv Lall
- Noble Pharma, LLC, Research and Development, Menomonie, WI, 54751 USA.
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fennen M, Weinhage T, Kracke V, Intemann J, Varga G, Wehmeyer C, Foell D, Korb-Pap A, Pap T, Dankbar B. A myostatin-CCL20-CCR6 axis regulates Th17 cell recruitment to inflamed joints in experimental arthritis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14145. [PMID: 34239010 PMCID: PMC8266846 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93599-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions of fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS)-derived pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and immune cells support the recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells in RA. Here, we show for the first time that the classical myokine myostatin (GDF-8) is involved in the recruitment of Th17 cells to inflammatory sites thereby regulating joint inflammation in a mouse model of TNFalpha-mediated chronic arthritis. Mechanistically, myostatin-deficiency leads to decreased levels of the chemokine CCL20 which is associated with less infiltration of Th17 cells into the inflamed joints. In vitro, myostatin alone or in combination with IL-17A enhances the secretion of CCL20 by FLS whereas myostatin-deficiency reduces CCL20 secretion, associated with an altered transmigration of Th17 cells. Thus, the communication between activated FLS and Th17 cells through myostatin and IL-17A may likely contribute to a vicious cycle of inflammation, accounting for the persistence of joint inflammation in chronic arthritis. Blockade of the CCL20–CCR6 axis by inhibition of myostatin may, therefore, be a promising treatment option for chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Fennen
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Bldg. D3, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Toni Weinhage
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Vanessa Kracke
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Bldg. D3, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Johanna Intemann
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Bldg. D3, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Georg Varga
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Corinna Wehmeyer
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Bldg. D3, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Dirk Foell
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Adelheid Korb-Pap
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Bldg. D3, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Thomas Pap
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Bldg. D3, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Berno Dankbar
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Bldg. D3, 48149, Muenster, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Meitei HT, Jadhav N, Lal G. CCR6-CCL20 axis as a therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 20:102846. [PMID: 33971346 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemokine receptor CCR6 is expressed on various cells such as B cells, immature dendritic cells, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), regulatory CD4 T cells, and Th17 cells. CCL20 is the only known high-affinity ligand that binds to CCR6 and drives CCR6+ cells' migration in tissues. CCL20 is mainly produced by epithelial cells, and its expression is increased by several folds under inflammatory conditions. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), psoriasis (PS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and multiple sclerosis (MS) showed a very strong correlation between the expression of CCR6 and disease severity. It has been shown that disruption of CCR6-CCL20 interaction by using antibodies or antagonists prevents the migration of CCR6 expressing immune cells at the site of inflammation and reduces the severity of the disease. This review discussed the importance of the CCR6-CCL20 axis in IBD, PS, RA, and MS, and recent advances in targeting the CCR6-CCL20 in controlling these autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nandadeep Jadhav
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune MH-411007, India
| | - Girdhari Lal
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune MH-411007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen M, Zhan Q, Mu Z, Wang L, Zheng Z, Miao J, Zhu P, Li YI. Alignment of single-cell RNA-seq samples without overcorrection using kernel density matching. Genome Res 2021; 31:698-712. [PMID: 33741686 PMCID: PMC8015859 DOI: 10.1101/gr.261115.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology is poised to replace bulk cell RNA sequencing for many biological and medical applications as it allows users to measure gene expression levels in a cell type–specific manner. However, data produced by scRNA-seq often exhibit batch effects that can be specific to a cell type, to a sample, or to an experiment, which prevent integration or comparisons across multiple experiments. Here, we present Dmatch, a method that leverages an external expression atlas of human primary cells and kernel density matching to align multiple scRNA-seq experiments for downstream biological analysis. Dmatch facilitates alignment of scRNA-seq data sets with cell types that may overlap only partially and thus allows integration of multiple distinct scRNA-seq experiments to extract biological insights. In simulation, Dmatch compares favorably to other alignment methods, both in terms of reducing sample-specific clustering and in terms of avoiding overcorrection. When applied to scRNA-seq data collected from clinical samples in a healthy individual and five autoimmune disease patients, Dmatch enabled cell type–specific differential gene expression comparisons across biopsy sites and disease conditions and uncovered a shared population of pro-inflammatory monocytes across biopsy sites in RA patients. We further show that Dmatch increases the number of eQTLs mapped from population scRNA-seq data. Dmatch is fast, scalable, and improves the utility of scRNA-seq for several important applications. Dmatch is freely available online.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Chen
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Qi Zhan
- Committee on Genetics, Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Zepeng Mu
- Committee on Genetics, Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Lili Wang
- Committee on Genetics, Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Zhaohui Zheng
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an 710032, China.,National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jinlin Miao
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an 710032, China.,National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an 710032, China.,National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yang I Li
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Balci N, Cekici A, Kurgan Ş, Sahinkaya S, Serdar MA. Potential biomarkers reflecting inflammation in patients with severe periodontitis: Fractalkine (CX3CL1) and its receptor (CX3CR1). J Periodontal Res 2021; 56:589-596. [PMID: 33641164 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine differences in GCF and serum levels of fractalkine/CX3CL1 and its receptor/ CX3CR1 between the patients with stage III/grade B periodontitis and periodontally healthy subjects. BACKGROUND Fractalkine (CX3CL1), the only member of CX3C chemokine family, is involved in the pathogenesis of several systemic inflammatory diseases' disorders including rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, tonsillitis, and diabetes mellitus. It has critical functions in inflammatory cell migration, adhesion, and proliferation. METHODS 20 stage III/grade B periodontitis (P) and 20 healthy individuals (control; C) were included in this clinical study (all never smokers and systemically healthy). Clinical periodontal parameters were measured. Serum and GCF levels of CX3CL1, CX3CR1, and IL-1β were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reported as total amounts and concentration. RESULTS The GCF concentrations and also total amount of CX3CL1, CX3CR1, and IL-1β were statistically significantly higher in the patients with periodontitis compared with control group (P < 0.05). CX3CL1, CX3CR1, and IL-1β levels in the GCF were significantly and positively correlated with all the clinical periodontal parameters (PI, PPD, BOP, and CAL; P < 0.01, P < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between IL-1β, CX3CL1, and CX3CR1 concentrations in the GCF (respectively; r = 0.838 and r = 0.874, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Fractalkine and its receptor may play role in mechanisms through the regulation of inflammation or on the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Balci
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Cekici
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Şivge Kurgan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selin Sahinkaya
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhittin A Serdar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Acıbadem University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pelechas E, Voulgari PV, Drosos AA. Recent advances in the opioid mu receptor based pharmacotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2020; 21:2153-2160. [PMID: 33135514 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2020.1796969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Opioids are used for severe forms of acute and cancer pain. Over the last years, their potential use in patients with noncancer pain such as those with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been postulated. A recent population-based comparative study showed that chronic opioid use was 12% vs. 4% among RA and non-RA patients, respectively. Another study showed an increase from 7.4% to 16.9% (2002 to 2015). In general, there has been an increasing tendency to use opioids in recent years. AREAS COVERED The authors have performed an extensive literature search using PubMed for articles including noncancer pain and the use of the mu opioid receptor (MOR) agonists in patients with RA. EXPERT OPINION Data is not sufficient to support opioid use for the treatment of chronic pain in patients with RA. Data is scarce and inconclusive. Rheumatologists should think and ponder the question: Why is this patient in pain? Differential diagnosis should include a disease flare, degenerative changes of the musculoskeletal system, and fibromyalgia. And while there are new strategies for opioid administration currently being researched, unfortunately, they are far from being applied to human subjects in the everyday clinical setting, and are still being evaluated at an experimental level. CNS: Central nervous system; DORs: delta opioid receptor agonists; GI: Gastrointestinal; GPCRs: G protein-coupled receptors; IL: Interleukin; JAK: Janus kinase; KORs: kappa opioid receptor agonists; MCPs: Metacarpophalangeal joints; MORs: Mu opioid receptor agonists; MTPs: Metatarsophalangeal joints; NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugsOA: Osteoarthritis; ORs: Opioid receptors; PD: Pharmacodynamic; PIPs: Proximal interphalangeal joints; PK: Pharmacokinetic; PNS: Peripheral nervous system; RA: Rheumatoid arthritis; RGS: Regulator of G protein signaling; SSRIs: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios Pelechas
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina , Ioannina, Greece
| | - Paraskevi V Voulgari
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina , Ioannina, Greece
| | - Alexandros A Drosos
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina , Ioannina, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Feeney E, Galesso D, Secchieri C, Oliviero F, Ramonda R, Bonassar LJ. Inflammatory and Noninflammatory Synovial Fluids Exhibit New and Distinct Tribological Endotypes. J Biomech Eng 2020; 142:111001. [PMID: 32577715 DOI: 10.1115/1.4047628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Inferior synovial lubrication is a hallmark of osteoarthritis (OA), and synovial fluid (SF) lubrication and composition are variable among OA patients. Hyaluronic acid (HA) viscosupplementation is a widely used therapy for improving SF viscoelasticity and lubrication, but it is unclear how the effectiveness of HA viscosupplements varies with arthritic endotype. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the HA viscosupplement, Hymovis®, on the lubricating properties of diseased SF from patients with noninflammatory OA and inflammatory arthritis (IA). The composition (cytokine, HA, and lubricin concentrations) of the SF was measured as well as the mechanical properties (rheology, tribology) of the SF alone and in a 1:1 mixture with the HA viscosupplement. Using rotational rheometry, no difference in SF viscosity was detected between disease types, and the addition of HA significantly increased all fluids' viscosities. In noninflammatory OA SF, friction coefficients followed a typical Stribeck pattern, and their magnitude was decreased by the addition of HA. While some of the IA SF also showed typical Stribeck behavior, a subset showed more erratic behavior with highly variable and larger friction coefficients. Interestingly, this aberrant behavior was not eliminated by the addition of HA, and it was associated with low concentrations of lubricin. Aberrant SF exhibited significantly lower effective viscosities compared to noninflammatory OA and IA SF with typical tribological behavior. Collectively, these results suggest that different endotypes of arthritis exist with respect to lubrication, which may impact the effectiveness of HA viscosupplements in reducing friction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Feeney
- Nancy and Peter Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Weill Hall 152 526 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - Devis Galesso
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A, Via Ponte della Fabbrica 3/A, Abano Terme, Padua 35031, Italy
| | - Cynthia Secchieri
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A, Via Ponte della Fabbrica 3/A, Abano Terme, Padua 35031, Italy
| | - Francesca Oliviero
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani, 2, Padua 35128, Italy
| | - Roberta Ramonda
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani, 2, Padua 35128, Italy
| | - Lawrence J Bonassar
- Nancy and Peter Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Weill Hall 152, 526 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY 14853; Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Weill Hall 149, 526 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY 14853
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Oliveira CR, Vieira RP. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Miodesin™: Modulation of Inflammatory Markers and Epigenetic Evidence. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6874260. [PMID: 32509149 PMCID: PMC7246419 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6874260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of a combined herbal medicine Miodesin™ on the inflammatory response of key cells involved in the acute and chronic inflammatory processes as well as the possible epigenetic involvement. METHODS After the establishment of the IC50 dose, the chondrocyte, keratinocyte, and macrophage cell lines were pretreated for 2 hours with Miodesin™ (200 μg/mL) and stimulated with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 hours. The supernatant was used to measure the levels of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, and CCL5), and the cells were used to extract the mRNA for the transcription factor (NF-κβ), inflammatory enzymes (COX-1, COX-2, PLA2, and iNOS), and chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, and CCL5). RESULTS Miodesin™ inhibited the release of LPS-induced cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α; p < 0.01) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, and CCL5; p < 0.01) and the expression of the transcription factor (NF-κβ; p < 0.01), inflammatory enzymes (COX-1, COX-2, PLA2, iNOS; p < 0.01), and chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, and CCL5; p < 0.01). In addition, the evaluation of epigenetic mechanism revealed that Miodesin™ did not induce changes in DNA methylation, assuring the genetic safeness of the compound in terms of the inflammatory response. CONCLUSIONS Miodesin™ presents anti-inflammatory properties, inhibiting hyperactivation of chondrocytes, keratinocytes, and macrophages, involving epigenetics in such effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rocha Oliveira
- Anhembi Morumbi University, School of Medicine, Avenida Deputado Benedito Matarazzo 6070, Sao Jose dos Campos-SP, Brazil 12230-002
| | - Rodolfo Paula Vieira
- Anhembi Morumbi University, School of Medicine, Avenida Deputado Benedito Matarazzo 6070, Sao Jose dos Campos-SP, Brazil 12230-002
- Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Post-Graduation Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Avenida Ana Costa 95, Santos-SP, Brazil 11060-001
- Universidade Brasil, Post-Graduation Program in Bioengineering and in Biomedical Engineering, Rua Carolina Fonseca 235, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil 08230-030
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Rua Pedro Ernesto 240, Sao Jose dos Campos-SP, Brazil 12245-520
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gallou I, Erb B, Marti M, Nuzzo GL, Jager A, Seeger M, Chassagne P, Aronow J, Cortes-Clerget M, Gallou F. Development of a Robust Protocol for the Synthesis of 6-Hydroxybenzofuran-3-carboxylic Acid. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Gallou
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Erb
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Marti
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gian-Luca Nuzzo
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Jager
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Seeger
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Chassagne
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Aronow
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Fabrice Gallou
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Dyer DP. Understanding the mechanisms that facilitate specificity, not redundancy, of chemokine-mediated leukocyte recruitment. Immunology 2020; 160:336-344. [PMID: 32285441 PMCID: PMC7370109 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines (chemotactic cytokines) and their receptors are critical to recruitment and positioning of cells during development and the immune response. The chemokine system has long been described as redundant for a number of reasons, where multiple chemokine ligands can bind to multiple receptors and vice versa. This apparent redundancy has been thought to be a major reason for the failure of drugs targeting chemokines during inflammatory disease. We are now beginning to understand that chemokine biology is in fact based around a high degree of specificity, where each chemokine and receptor plays a particular role in the immune response. This specificity hypothesis is supported by a number of recent studies designed to address this problem. This review will detail these studies and the mechanisms that produce this specificity of function with an emphasis on the emerging role of chemokine–glycosaminoglycan interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas P Dyer
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Molecular and Cellular Pathways Contributing to Joint Damage in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:3830212. [PMID: 32256192 PMCID: PMC7103059 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3830212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune syndrome associated with several genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors affecting the articular joints contributing to cartilage and bone damage. Although etiology of this disease is not clear, several immune pathways, involving immune (T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophils) and nonimmune (fibroblasts and chondrocytes) cells, participate in the secretion of many proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, proteases (MMPs, ADAMTS), and other matrix lysing enzymes that could disturb the immune balance leading to cartilage and bone damage. The presence of autoantibodies preceding the clinical onset of arthritis and the induction of bone erosion early in the disease course clearly suggest that initiation events damaging the cartilage and bone start very early during the autoimmune phase of the arthritis development. During this process, several signaling molecules (RANKL-RANK, NF-κB, MAPK, NFATc1, and Src kinase) are activated in the osteoclasts, cells responsible for bone resorption. Hence, comprehensive knowledge on pathogenesis is a prerequisite for prevention and development of targeted clinical treatment for RA patients that can restore the immune balance improving clinical therapy.
Collapse
|
31
|
Elemam NM, Hannawi S, Maghazachi AA. Role of Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Immunotargets Ther 2020; 9:43-56. [PMID: 32211348 PMCID: PMC7074856 DOI: 10.2147/itt.s243636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most prevalent autoimmune diseases and a prototypic inflammatory disease, affecting the small joints of the hands and feet. Chemokines and chemokine receptors play a critical role in RA pathogenesis via immune cells recruitment. Several chemokines and chemokine receptors are abundant in the peripheral blood and in the local inflamed joints of RA. Furthermore, synthetic and biologics disease modifying anti rheumatic drugs have been reported to affect chemokines expression. Thus, many studies have focused on targeting chemokines and chemokine receptors, where some have shown positive promising results. However, most of the chemokine blockers in human trials of RA treatment displayed some failures that can be attributed to several reasons in their structures and binding affinities. Nevertheless, targeting chemokines will continue to be under development, in order to improve their therapeutic potentials in RA and other autoimmune diseases. In this review we provide an up-to-date knowledge regarding the role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in RA with an emphasis on their activities on immune cells. We also discussed the effects of drugs targeting those molecules in RA. This knowledge might provide impetus for developing new therapeutic modalities to treat this chronic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noha Mousaad Elemam
- College of Medicine and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Suad Hannawi
- Ministry of Health and Prevention, Department of Rheumatology, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Azzam A Maghazachi
- College of Medicine and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Battista C, Yang K, Stahl SH, Mettetal JT, Watkins PB, Siler SQ, Howell BA. Using Quantitative Systems Toxicology to Investigate Observed Species Differences in CKA-Mediated Hepatotoxicity. Toxicol Sci 2019; 166:123-130. [PMID: 30060248 PMCID: PMC6204762 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CKA, a chemokine receptor antagonist intended for treating inflammatory conditions, produced dose-dependent hepatotoxicity in rats but advanced into the clinic where single doses of CKA up to 600 mg appeared safe in humans. Because existing toxicological platforms used during drug development are not perfectly predictive, a quantitative systems toxicology model investigated the hepatotoxic potential of CKA in humans and rats through in vitro assessments of CKA on mitochondrial respiration, oxidative stress, and bile acid transporters. DILIsym predicted that single doses of CKA caused serum ALT >3xULN in a subset of the simulated rat population, while single doses in a simulated human population did not produce serum ALT elevations. Species differences were largely attributed to differences in liver exposure, but increased sensitivity to inhibition of mitochondrial respiration in the rat also contributed. We conclude that mechanistic modeling can elucidate species differences in the hepatotoxic potential of drug candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Battista
- DILIsym Services, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.,Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Institute for Drug Safety Sciences, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kyunghee Yang
- DILIsym Services, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Simone H Stahl
- Safety and ADME Translational Sciences, Drug Safety and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, Astra Zeneca R&D, Cambridge CB4 0WG, UK
| | - Jerome T Mettetal
- Safety and ADME Translational Sciences, Drug Safety and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, Astra Zeneca R&D, Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - Paul B Watkins
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Institute for Drug Safety Sciences, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Scott Q Siler
- DILIsym Services, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Brett A Howell
- DILIsym Services, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.,DILIsym Services, Inc., Six Davis Drive, PO BOX 12317, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
The CXCL5/CXCR2 axis is sufficient to promote breast cancer colonization during bone metastasis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4404. [PMID: 31562303 PMCID: PMC6765048 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12108-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is one of the most common sites for metastasis across cancers. Cancer cells that travel through the vasculature and invade new tissues can remain in a non-proliferative dormant state for years before colonizing the metastatic site. Switching from dormancy to colonization is the rate-limiting step of bone metastasis. Here we develop an ex vivo co-culture method to grow cancer cells in mouse bones to assess cancer cell proliferation using healthy or cancer-primed bones. Profiling soluble factors from conditioned media identifies the chemokine CXCL5 as a candidate to induce metastatic colonization. Additional studies using CXCL5 recombinant protein suggest that CXCL5 is sufficient to promote breast cancer cell proliferation and colonization in bone, while inhibition of its receptor CXCR2 with an antagonist blocks proliferation of metastatic cancer cells. This study suggests that CXCL5 and CXCR2 inhibitors may have efficacy in treating metastatic bone tumors dependent on the CXCL5/CXCR2 axis.
Collapse
|
34
|
Shen CY, Xu XL, Yang LJ, Jiang JG. Identification of narciclasine from Lycoris radiata (L'Her.) Herb. and its inhibitory effect on LPS-induced inflammatory responses in macrophages. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 125:605-613. [PMID: 30738987 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lycoris radiata (L'Her.) Herb. (L. radiata) was traditionally used as a folk medicine in China for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. However, the specific component responsible for its considerable toxicity remained unclear thus restricting its clinical trials. Narciclasine (NCS) was isolated from L. radiata and treatment of NCS for 72 h exhibited significant antiproliferative effects against L02, Hep G2, HT-29 and RAW264.7 cells. However, what needs to be emphasized is that at safe working concentrations of 0.001-0.016 μM, administration of NCS for 24 h inhibited the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-ɑ), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages thereby suppressing production of nitric oxide (NO), IL-6, TNF-ɑ and IL-1β. NCS supplementation also inhibited nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation by suppressing NF-κB P65 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, IκBɑ degradation and phosphorylation, and IκKɑ/β phosphorylation. The phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and P38, and expression of COX-2 was also attenuated by NCS. These results suggested that NCS might exert anti-inflammatory effects through inhibiting NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways even at very low doses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Shen
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xi-Lin Xu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Lin-Jiang Yang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kochumon S, Al‐Rashed F, Abu‐Farha M, Devarajan S, Tuomilehto J, Ahmad R. Adipose tissue expression of CCL19 chemokine is positively associated with insulin resistance. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2019; 35:e3087. [PMID: 30339734 PMCID: PMC6587962 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemokines produced by adipose tissue (AT) are involved in the development of chronic low-grade inflammation in obese humans and rodents. AT CCL19 expression in obesity and its association with metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CCL19 gene expression on inflammatory markers in subcutaneous AT and insulin resistance. METHODS Subcutaneous adipose samples were collected from 56 non-diabetic (26-obese, 21-overweight, and 9-lean) individuals. Expression of CCL19 and inflammatory markers was determined using real-time RT-PCR. Plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) and adiponectin were measured by ELISA. Insulin sensitivity was assessed using homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA). RESULTS CCL19 expression was significantly higher in obese compared with lean individuals (P < 0.034). The elevated expression of CCL19 associated positively with body mass index (r = 0.253; P = 0.049). CCL19 expression correlated positively with IL-8 (r = 0.39; P = 0.006), IL-12 (r = 0.43; P = 0.003), IP-10 (r = 0.25; P = 0.07), CCL5 (r = 0.37; P = 0.011), CCR2 (r = 0.44; P = 0.001), and CCR5 (r = 0.35; P = 0.009). Additionally, CCL19 was positively correlated with triglycerides (TG: r = 0.41; P = 0.001), fasting blood glucose (FBG: r = 0.49; P < 0.0001), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c: r = 0.396; P = 0.001), and CRP (r = 0.387; P = 0.019) whereas it had negative association with HDL cholesterol (r = -0.282; P = 0.035) and adiponectin (-0.393; P = 0.019). Notably, HOMA-IR correlated positively with CCL19 (r = 0.38; P = 0.01). In multiple regression analysis, CCL19 is an independent predictor of IL-8 and IL-12. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that increased AT expression of CCL19 in obesity may represent a molecular link between metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohamed Abu‐Farha
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology UnitDasman Diabetes InstituteKuwaitKuwait
| | | | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Immunology Unit, Dasman Diabetes InstituteKuwaitKuwait
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology UnitDasman Diabetes InstituteKuwaitKuwait
- National Dasman Diabetes BioBankDasman Diabetes InstituteKuwaitKuwait
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Immunology Unit, Dasman Diabetes InstituteKuwaitKuwait
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Garcia S. Role of Semaphorins in Immunopathologies and Rheumatic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020374. [PMID: 30654587 PMCID: PMC6359241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatic diseases are disorders characterized by joint inflammation, in which other organs are also affected. There are more than two hundred rheumatic diseases, the most studied so far are rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, spondyloarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and systemic sclerosis. The semaphorin family is a large group of proteins initially described as axon guidance molecules involved in nervous system development. Studies have demonstrated that semaphorins play a role in other processes such as the regulation of immunity, angiogenesis, bone remodeling, apoptosis, and cell migration and invasion. Moreover, semaphorins have been related to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, asthma, Alzheimer, myocarditis, atherosclerosis, fibrotic diseases, osteopetrosis, and cancer. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge regarding the role of semaphorins in rheumatic diseases, and discuss their potential applications as therapeutic targets to treat these disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Garcia
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology and Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Herrera-Aco DR, Medina-Campos ON, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Sciutto-Conde E, Rosas-Salgado G, Fragoso-González G. Alpha-mangostin: Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on established collagen-induced arthritis in DBA/1J mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 124:300-315. [PMID: 30557668 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes physical disability in people worldwide. Despite progress made in RA treatment in the past decade, new drugs with high efficacy but few long-term adverse effects are still needed. This study focused on evaluating the therapeutic potential of α-mangostin on established collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1J mice. Arthritic DBA/1J mice were orally administered with two doses of α-mangostin (10 and 40 mg/kg) daily, for 33 days. Alpha-mangostin significantly decreased the clinical score in the short term at both doses and decreased the histopathological score at the higher dose. This improvement was accompanied by a reduction on serum levels of anti-collagen IgG2a autoantibodies and of the production of LIX/CXCL5, IP-10/CXCL10, MIG/CXCL9, RANTES/CCL5, IL-6 and IL-33 in the joints of CIA mice. Alpha-mangostin also exhibited an anti-oxidant effect decreasing the NADPH oxidase activity and lipid peroxidation and preserving the levels of reduced glutathione in the arthritic joints. In vitro this xanthone demonstrated modulatory properties on LPS-activated dendritic cells, although in Th1 and Th17-polarized lymphocytes promotes a pro-apoptotic phenotype. Altogether this study illustrates the capacity of α-mangostin to ameliorate the early clinical and histological signs of established CIA by reducing the inflammatory and oxidative responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Rocio Herrera-Aco
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04650, Mexico
| | - Omar Noel Medina-Campos
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04650, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04650, Mexico
| | - Edda Sciutto-Conde
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04650, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Rosas-Salgado
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62350, Mexico
| | - Gladis Fragoso-González
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04650, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kang LJ, Kwon ES, Lee KM, Cho C, Lee JI, Ryu YB, Youm TH, Jeon J, Cho MR, Jeong SY, Lee SR, Kim W, Yang S. 3'-Sialyllactose as an inhibitor of p65 phosphorylation ameliorates the progression of experimental rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:4295-4309. [PMID: 30152858 PMCID: PMC6240131 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose 3′‐Sialyllactose (3′‐SL) is a safe compound that is present in high levels in human milk. Although it has anti‐inflammatory properties and supports immune homeostasis, its effect on collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) is unknown. In this study, we investigated the prophylactic and therapeutic effect of 3′‐SL on the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in in vitro and in vivo models. Experimental Approach The anti‐arthritic effect of 3′‐SL was analysed with fibroblast‐like synoviocytes in vitro and an in vivo mouse model of CIA. RT‐PCR, Western blotting and ELISA were performed to evaluate its effects in vitro. Histological analysis of ankle and knee joints of mice with CIA was performed using immunohistochemistry, as well as safranin‐O and haematoxylin staining. Key Results 3′‐SL markedly alleviated the severity of CIA in the mice by reducing paw swelling, clinical scores, incidence rate, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and autoantibody production. Moreover, 3′‐SL reduced synovitis and pannus formation and suppressed cartilage destruction by blocking secretion of chemokines, pro‐inflammatory cytokines, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_metalloproteinases and osteoclastogenesis via NF‐κB signalling. Notably, phosphorylation of p65, which is a key protein in the NF‐κB signalling pathway, was totally blocked by 3′‐SL in the RA models. Conclusions and Implications 3′‐SL ameliorated pathogenesis of CIA by suppressing catabolic factor expression, proliferation of inflammatory immune cells and osteoclastogenesis. These effects were mediated via blockade of the NF‐κB signalling pathway. Therefore, 3′‐SL exerted prophylactic and therapeutic effects and could be a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jung Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Eun-Soo Kwon
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | | | - Chanmi Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jae-In Lee
- Natural Product Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Young Bae Ryu
- Natural Product Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Youm
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea.,Laboratory of Physiology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jimin Jeon
- Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Mi Ra Cho
- Rheumatism Research Center, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seon-Yong Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sang-Rae Lee
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Wook Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Siyoung Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kuo PT, Zeng Z, Salim N, Mattarollo S, Wells JW, Leggatt GR. The Role of CXCR3 and Its Chemokine Ligands in Skin Disease and Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:271. [PMID: 30320116 PMCID: PMC6167486 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and their receptors play an important role in the recruitment, activation and differentiation of immune cells. The chemokine receptor, CXCR3, and its ligands, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 are key immune chemoattractants during interferon-induced inflammatory responses. Inflammation of the skin resulting from infections or autoimmune disease drives expression of CXCL9/10/11 and the subsequent recruitment of effector, CXCR3+ T cells from the circulation. The relative contributions of the different CXCR3 chemokines and the three variant isoforms of CXCR3 (CXCR3A, CXCR3B, CXCR3alt) to the inflammatory process in human skin requires further investigation. In skin cancers, the CXCR3 receptor can play a dual role whereby expression on tumor cells can lead to cancer metastasis to systemic sites while receptor expression on immune cells can frequently promote anti-tumor immune responses. This review will discuss the biology of CXCR3 and its associated ligands with particular emphasis on the skin during inflammation and carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula T Kuo
- Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nazhifah Salim
- Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Stephen Mattarollo
- Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - James W Wells
- Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Graham R Leggatt
- Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Dutta R, Lunzer MM, Auger JL, Akgün E, Portoghese PS, Binstadt BA. A bivalent compound targeting CCR5 and the mu opioid receptor treats inflammatory arthritis pain in mice without inducing pharmacologic tolerance. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:154. [PMID: 30053832 PMCID: PMC6062996 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1661-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pain accompanies rheumatoid arthritis and other chronic inflammatory conditions and is difficult to manage. Although opioids provide potent analgesia, chronic opioid use can cause tolerance and addiction. Recent studies have demonstrated functional interactions between chemokine and opioid receptor signaling pathways. Reported heterodimerization of chemokine and opioid receptors led our group to develop bivalent compounds that bind both types of receptors, with the goal of targeting opioids to sites of inflammation. MCC22 is a novel bivalent compound containing a CCR5 antagonist and mu opioid receptor (MOR) agonist pharmacophores linked through a 22-atom spacer. We evaluated the efficacy of MCC22 in the K/B.g7 T-cell receptor transgenic mouse model of spontaneous inflammatory arthritis. Methods MCC22 or morphine was administered intraperitoneally at varying doses to arthritic K/B.g7 mice or nonarthritic control mice. Mechanical pain hypersensitivity was measured each day before and after drug administration, using the electronic von Frey test. The potency of MCC22 relative to that of morphine was calculated. Functional readouts of pain included grip strength and nesting behavior. A separate dosing regimen was used to determine whether the drugs induced pharmacologic tolerance. Results MCC22 provided ~ 3000-fold more potent analgesia than morphine in this model. Daily treatment with MCC22 also led to a cumulative analgesic effect, reducing the daily baseline pain level. MCC22 produced no observable analgesic effect in nonarthritic control mice. Importantly, repeated administration of MCC22 did not induce pharmacologic tolerance, whereas a similar regimen of morphine did. Both grip strength and nesting behaviors improved among arthritic mice treated with MCC22. Ankle thickness and arthritis scores were not affected by MCC22. The analgesic effect of MCC22 was abolished in K/B.g7 mice genetically lacking CCR5, demonstrating the receptor specificity of the antagonist pharmacophore. Conclusions MCC22 is a novel bivalent ligand that targets CCR5 and MOR. Our findings demonstrate that MCC22 provides highly potent analgesia and improved functional outcomes in a model of inflammatory arthritis, without inducing typical opioid tolerance. These findings suggest that MCC22 or similar compounds could be used to treat the pain associated with inflammatory arthritis and related conditions, while minimizing the risks typically associated with chronic opioid use. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13075-018-1661-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raini Dutta
- Department of Pediatrics and Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, 2-114 Wallin Medical Biosciences Building, 2101 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Mary M Lunzer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jennifer L Auger
- Department of Pediatrics and Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, 2-114 Wallin Medical Biosciences Building, 2101 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Eyup Akgün
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Philip S Portoghese
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Bryce A Binstadt
- Department of Pediatrics and Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, 2-114 Wallin Medical Biosciences Building, 2101 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Agere SA, Kim EY, Akhtar N, Ahmed S. Syndecans in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases: Pathological insights and therapeutic opportunities. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6346-6358. [PMID: 29226950 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Syndecans (SDCs) are a family of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) glycoproteins ubiquitously expressed on the cell surfaces and extracellular matrix of all mammalian tissues. There are four mammalian syndecans, SDC-1 thorough 4, which play a critical role in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenesis through independent and growth factor mediated signaling. An altered expression of SDCs is often observed in autoimmune disorders, cancer, HIV infection, and many other pathological conditions. SDCs modulate disease progression by interacting with a diverse array of ligands, receptors, and other proteins, including extracellular matrix, glycoproteins, integrins, morphogens, and various growth factors and chemokines, along with their receptors and kinases. Specifically, SDCs present on cell surface can bind directly to chemokines to enhance their binding to receptors, downstream signaling, and migration. Alternatively, SDCs can be cleaved and shed to mediate negative regulation of chemokine and growth factor signaling pathways and ligand sequestration. Importantly, SDC shedding may be a biomarker of inflammation, especially in chronic inflammatory diseases. While the current therapies for cancer and several autoimmune disorders have revolutionized treatment outcomes, understanding the pathophysiological role of SDCs and the use of HSPG mimetic or antagonists on cytokine signaling networks may uncover potentially novel targeted therapeutic approaches. This review mainly summarizes the current findings on the role of individual SDCs in disease processes, mechanisms through which SDCs mediate their biological functions, and the possibility of targeting SDCs as future potential therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Solomon A Agere
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, Washington
| | - Eugene Y Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, Washington
| | - Nahid Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, Washington
| | - Salahuddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, Washington.,Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kurowska-Stolarska M, Alivernini S. Synovial tissue macrophages: friend or foe? RMD Open 2017; 3:e000527. [PMID: 29299338 PMCID: PMC5729306 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2017-000527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy synovial tissue includes a lining layer of synovial fibroblasts and macrophages. The influx of leucocytes during active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) includes monocytes that differentiate locally into proinflammatory macrophages, and these produce pathogenic tumour necrosis factor. During sustained remission, the synovial tissue macrophage numbers recede to normal. The constitutive presence of tissue macrophages in the lining layer of the synovial membrane in healthy donors and in patients with RA during remission suggests that this macrophage population may have a role in maintaining and reinstating synovial tissue homeostasis respectively. Recent appreciation of the different origins and functions of tissue-resident compared with monocyte-derived macrophages has improved the understanding of their relative involvement in organ homeostasis in mouse models of disease. In this review, informed by mouse models and human data, we describe the presence of different functional subpopulations of human synovial tissue macrophages and discuss their distinct contribution to joint homeostasis and chronic inflammation in RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Kurowska-Stolarska
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham and Newcastle, Glasgow, Birmingham and Newcastle, UK
| | - Stefano Alivernini
- Institute of Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang X, Bai J, Jia Z, Zhu Y, Liu J, Zhang K, Hao D, Heng L. A time-course microarray data analysis reveals consistent dysregulated genes and upstream microRNAs in autoantibody-mediated arthritis. J Orthop Surg Res 2017; 12:186. [PMID: 29197380 PMCID: PMC5712098 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-017-0674-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study is to identify key genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in autoantibody-mediated arthritis (AMA). Methods A time-course microarray data (ID: GSE27492) of peripheral blood leukocytes, ankle tissue, and synovial fluid from K/BxN mouse serum-transferred mice were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. Those samples were collected at days 0, 1, 3, 7, 12, and 18 after serum injection. Limma of R was employed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in samples collected at days 1–18 compared with those collected at day 0. Consistent DEGs were obtained by taking the interaction of DEGs from different time points, followed by functional enrichment analysis. MiRNAs were screened out and constructed into regulatory network with DEGs using Cytoscape. Results In total, 17 consistent DEGs were obtained, including downregulated Ephx1 and upregulated AF251705, Adam8, Arg1, Basp1, Ccl2, Ccl7, Ccl9, Ccr2, Clec4a2, Clec4d, Cxcl1, Fabp5, Fcgr1, Gp49a, Il1rn, and Saa3. Those DEGs were associated with biological processes of immune response, inflammatory response, and defense response; chemokine signaling pathway; cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction; and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Additionally, 202 miRNAs were identified to have a regulatory effect on 9 of the 17 DEGs. Notably, miR-944, miR-374a, and miR374b were found to regulate the expression of Cxcl1, Ccl7, and Ccl2. Clec4d was targeted by 78 miRNAs. Conclusions Our study reveals that 17 DEGs and 202 miRNAs may be associated with autoimmune disorder in the progression of AMA, which could guide future researches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an No. 1 Hospital, Xi'an, 710002, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangjun Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jijun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisong Heng
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Shimoura N, Nagai H, Fujiwara S, Jimbo H, Nishigori C. Exacerbation and Prolongation of Psoriasiform Inflammation in Diabetic Obese Mice: A Synergistic Role of CXCL5 and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 138:854-863. [PMID: 29111234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that psoriasis is frequently accompanied by metabolic disorders, such as obesity and diabetes. However, the mechanisms underlying the association between increased psoriasis severity and concomitant metabolic syndrome have not been fully clarified. Herein, we show that imiquimod-induced psoriasiform inflammation was exacerbated and prolonged in diabetic obese mice compared to that in control mice, accompanied by remarkably increased lesional expressions of Cxcl5 and Il-1b. Notably, a large number of CXCL5+ Ly6G+ cells infiltrated the dermis and subcutaneous fat tissue of the diabetic obese mice. Most macrophages in the subcutaneous fat tissues of the diabetic obese mice were positive for expression of IL-1β and GRP78/Bip, an endoplasmic reticulum stress marker. Depletion of Ly6G+ cells and macrophages diminished the imiquimod-induced psoriasiform inflammation. Further, CXCL5 potentiated the secretion of IL-1β from macrophages and palmitic acid, a fatty acid released from subcutaneous adipocytes, further enhanced IL-1β secretion via endoplasmic reticulum stress induction. Combined with the fact that the serum levels of both CXCL5 and palmitic acid are significantly elevated in patients with metabolic syndrome, our results suggest a role for CXCL5 and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the increase of psoriasis severity of patients with concomitant metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Shimoura
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagai
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Susumu Fujiwara
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Haruki Jimbo
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Chikako Nishigori
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Shen CY, Jiang JG, Huang CL, Zhu W, Zheng CY. Polyphenols from Blossoms of Citrus aurantium L. var. amara Engl. Show Significant Anti-Complement and Anti-Inflammatory Effects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:9061-9068. [PMID: 28942652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Citrus aurantium L. var. amara Engl. (CAVA) was traditionally used as a digestant or expectorant in China. Crude polyphenols (CAVAP-W) extracted from blossoms of CAVA were mainly composed of eriocitrin/neoeriocitrin, eriocitrin/neoeriocitrin, rhoifolin, hesperidin, naringin, rutin, veronicastroside, neohesperidin, and hesperetin by LC-MS analysis. CAVAP-W showed significant anticomplement and anti-inflammatory effects. Due to the close relationship between anticomplement and anti-inflammatory activity, the anti-inflammatory effect was further investigated and the results showed that CAVAP-W significantly suppressed production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in lipopolysaccharides-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, CAVAP-W inhibited mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation and NF-κB activation through suppressing nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) P65, degradation and phosphorylation of IκBα, phosphorylation of IκKα/ß, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and P38, and activation of COX-2, thereby exerting the anti-inflammatory effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Shen
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chun-Ling Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou 510120, China
- Sci-tech Industrial Park, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Chao-Yang Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou 510120, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Agere SA, Akhtar N, Watson JM, Ahmed S. RANTES/CCL5 Induces Collagen Degradation by Activating MMP-1 and MMP-13 Expression in Human Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fibroblasts. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1341. [PMID: 29093715 PMCID: PMC5651228 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated on activation, normal T expressed, and secreted (RANTES)/CC ligand 5 (CCL5) participates in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis by facilitating leukocyte infiltration, however, its other pathological functions are not fully defined in RA. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of RANTES/CCL5 on tissue degrading enzymes matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and MMP-13 expression and its contribution to the progressive joint damage by RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs). Our results showed that RANTES/CCL5 dose dependently induced MMP-1 and MMP-13 expression in monolayers and three-dimensional (3D) micromass of human RASFs, which correlated with an increase in collagenase activity. This activation by RANTES/CCL5 was observed in RASF, but not in osteoarthritis SFs (OASFs). Evaluation of the signaling events showed that RANTES/CCL5 selectively activated PKCδ, JNK, and ERK proteins to induce MMP expression in human RASFs. Pretreatment with a functional antagonist (Met-RANTES) or heparinase III [an enzyme that selectively digests heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs)] completely abrogated RANTES/CCL5-induced MMP-1 and MMP-13 expression. Interestingly, the inhibition of RANTES/CCL5 using small-interfering RNA approach reduced the ability of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) to induce MMP-1 and MMP-13 expression, asserting its mediatory role in tissue remodeling. In the inhibitor study, only the selective inhibition of HSPGs or PKCδ, ERK, and JNK markedly inhibited RANTES/CCL5-induced MMP-1 and MMP-13 production. Circular dichroism spectroscopy results demonstrated the degradation of collagen triple-helical structure upon exposure to the conditioned media from RANTES/CCL5 stimulated RASFs, which was reverted by a broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor (GM6001). These findings suggest that RANTES/CCL5 not only upregulates MMP-1 and MMP-13 expression by partly utilizing HSPGs and/or PKCδ-JNK/ERK pathways but also mediates IL-1β-induced MMP-1 and MMP-13 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Solomon A Agere
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Nahid Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Jeffery M Watson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gonzaga University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Salahuddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States.,Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Neog MK, Joshua Pragasam S, Krishnan M, Rasool M. p-Coumaric acid, a dietary polyphenol ameliorates inflammation and curtails cartilage and bone erosion in the rheumatoid arthritis rat model. Biofactors 2017; 43:698-717. [PMID: 28742266 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to explore the underlying mechanism of p-coumaric acid (CA), a dietary polyphenol in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rat model with reference to synovitis and osteoclastogenesis. Celecoxib (COX-2 selective inhibitor) (5 mg/kg b.wt) was used as a reference drug. CA remarkably suppressed the paw edema, body weight loss and inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and MCP-1) in serum and ankle joint of arthritic rats. Consistently, CA reduced the expression of osteoclastogenic factors (RANKL and TRAP), pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17), and inflammatory enzymes (iNOS and COX-2) in arthritic rats. However, OPG expression was found elevated. Besides, the abundance of transcription factors (NF-κB-p65, and p-NF-κB-p65, NFATc-1, and c-Fos) and MAP kinases (JNK, p-JNK, and ERK1/2) expression was alleviated in CA administered arthritic rats. In addition, CA truncated osteoclastogenesis by regulating the RANKL/OPG imbalance in arthritic rats and suppressing the RANKL-induced NFATc-1 and c-Fos expression in vitro. Radiological (CT and DEXA scan) and histological assessments authenticated that CA inhibited TRAP, bone destruction and cartilage degradation in association with enhanced bone mineral density. Taken together, our findings suggest that CA demonstrated promising anti-arthritic effect and could prove useful as an alternative drug in RA therapeutics. © 2017 BioFactors, 43(5):698-717, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Neog
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - Samuel Joshua Pragasam
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - Moorthy Krishnan
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Mahaboobkhan Rasool
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abdelnaby R, El Deeb S, Khachab A, Bläsius K, Tingart M, Rath B. Plasma level of Osteopontin does not respond to total replacement Surgery in patients with severe Primary knee/Hip Osteoarthritis. J Orthop 2017; 14:354-357. [PMID: 28706379 PMCID: PMC5496198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the response of Osteopontin levels in patients with knee/hip Osteoarthritis undergoing a replacement surgery. METHOD Plasma samples of 30 (16 with knee Osteoarthritis and 14 with hip Osteoarthritis) patients have been collected before and 3 month after a knee/hip replacement in order to investigate the above stated aim of this study. RESULT Osteopontin levels did not decrease after 3 months of the surgery. CONCLUSION Osteopontin levels showed no significant reduction and therefore do not respond to replacement treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramy Abdelnaby
- Department of Orthopaedics, Bethlehem Medical Centre Stolberg, Academic Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Stolberg, Germany
| | - Sameh El Deeb
- Department of Orthopaedics, Bethlehem Medical Centre Stolberg, Academic Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Stolberg, Germany
| | - Ali Khachab
- Department of Orthopaedics, Bethlehem Medical Centre Stolberg, Academic Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Stolberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Bläsius
- Department of Orthopaedics, Bethlehem Medical Centre Stolberg, Academic Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Stolberg, Germany
| | - Markus Tingart
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Björn Rath
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Gang X, Sun Y, Li F, Yu T, Jiang Z, Zhu X, Jiang Q, Wang Y. Identification of key genes associated with rheumatoid arthritis with bioinformatics approach. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7673. [PMID: 28767591 PMCID: PMC5626145 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to identify key genes associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).The microarray datasets of GSE1919, GSE12021, and GSE21959 (35 RA samples and 32 normal controls) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in RA samples were identified using the t test in limma package. Functional enrichment analysis was performed using clusterProfiler package. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of selected DEGs was constructed based on the Human Protein Reference Database. Active modules were explored using the jActiveModules plug-in in the Cytoscape Network Modeling package.In total, 537 DEGs in RA samples were identified, including 241 upregulated and 296 downregulated genes. A total of 24,451 PPI pairs were collected, and 5 active modules were screened. Furthermore, 19 submodules were acquired from the 5 active modules. Discs large homolog 1 (DLG1) and related DEGs such as guanylate cyclase 1, soluble, alpha 2 (GUCY1A2), N-methyl d-aspartate receptor 2A subunit (GRIN2A), and potassium voltage-gated channel member 1 (KCNA1) were identified in 8 submodules. Plasminogen (PLG) and related DEGs such as chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 (CXCL2), laminin, alpha 3 (LAMA3), complement component 7 (C7), and coagulation factor X (F10) were identified in 4 submodules.Our results indicate that DLG1, GUCY1A2, GRIN2A, KCNA1, PLG, CXCL2, LAMA3, C7, and F10 may play key roles in the progression of RA and may serve as putative therapeutic targets for treating RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Gang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Hematology and oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130041, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Tong Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Zhende Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Xiujie Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Qiyao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Yamashita M, Matsumoto K, Endo T, Ukibe K, Hosoya T, Matsubara Y, Nakagawa H, Sakai F, Miyazaki T. Preventive Effect of Lactobacillus helveticus SBT2171 on Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Mice. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1159. [PMID: 28680422 PMCID: PMC5478730 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that the intraperitoneal inoculation of Lactobacillus helveticus SBT2171 inhibited the development of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the present study, we evaluated the effect of the oral administration of L. helveticus SBT2171 on CIA development and on the regulation of antigen-specific antibody production and inflammatory immune cells, which have been implicated in the development of RA. Both oral administration and intraperitoneal inoculation of L. helveticus SBT2171 reduced joint swelling, body weight loss, and the serum level of bovine type II collagen (CII)-specific antibodies in the CIA mouse model. The intraperitoneal inoculation also decreased the arthritis incidence, joint damage, and serum level of interleukin (IL)-6. In addition, the numbers of total immune cells, total B cells, germinal center B cells, and CD4+ T cells in the draining lymph nodes were decreased following intraperitoneal inoculation of L. helveticus SBT2171. These findings demonstrate the ability of L. helveticus SBT2171 to downregulate the abundance of immune cells and the subsequent production of CII-specific antibodies and IL-6, thereby suppressing the CIA symptoms, indicating its potential for use in the prevention of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Yamashita
- Milk Science Research Institute, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd.Saitama, Japan
| | - Kurumi Matsumoto
- Milk Science Research Institute, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd.Saitama, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Endo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido UniversitySapporo, Japan
| | - Ken Ukibe
- Milk Science Research Institute, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd.Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Hosoya
- Milk Science Research Institute, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd.Saitama, Japan
| | - Yumi Matsubara
- Department of Probiotics Immunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido UniversitySapporo, Japan
| | - Hisako Nakagawa
- Department of Probiotics Immunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido UniversitySapporo, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Sakai
- Milk Science Research Institute, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd.Saitama, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Miyazaki
- Department of Probiotics Immunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido UniversitySapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|