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Vasantharekha R, Priyanka HP, Nair RS, Hima L, Pratap UP, Srinivasan AV, ThyagaRajan S. Alterations in Immune Responses Are Associated with Dysfunctional Intracellular Signaling in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Men and Women with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2964-2977. [PMID: 37957423 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03764-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Deficits in the neuroendocrine-immune network in the periphery associated with the onset and progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) have not been extensively studied. The present study correlatively examines the association between cell-mediated immune responses, stress hormones, amyloid precursor protein (APP) expression, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and intracellular signaling molecules in the pathophysiology of MCI and AD compared to adults. Serum APP, lymphocyte proliferation, total cholinesterase (TChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities, cytokines (IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-6, and TNF-α), and intracellular signaling molecules (p-ERK, p-CREB, and p-Akt) were measured in the PBMCs of adult, old, MCI, and AD men and women initially and after 3 years in the same population. An age- and disease-associated decline in mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores and lymphocyte proliferation of MCI and AD men and women were observed. An age- and disease-related increase in serum APP, cortisol levels, and TChE activity were observed in men and women. Enhanced production of Th1 cytokine, IL-2, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and suppressed intracellular transcription factors may promote the inflammatory environment in MCI and AD patients. The expression of CREB and Akt was lower in MCI and AD men, while the expression of p-ERK was higher, and p-CREB was lower in MCI and AD women after 3 years. These results suggest that changes in specific intracellular signaling pathways may influence alterations in cell-mediated immunity to promote disease progression in MCI and AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasamy Vasantharekha
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Hannah P Priyanka
- Institute of Advanced Research in Health Sciences, Tamil Nadu Government Multi Super Speciality Hospital, Omandurar Government Estate, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rahul S Nair
- Institute of Advanced Research in Health Sciences, Tamil Nadu Government Multi Super Speciality Hospital, Omandurar Government Estate, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lalgi Hima
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uday P Pratap
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Srinivasan ThyagaRajan
- Integrative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
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van Olst L, Kamermans A, Halters S, van der Pol SMA, Rodriguez E, Verberk IMW, Verberk SGS, Wessels DWR, Rodriguez-Mogeda C, Verhoeff J, Wouters D, Van den Bossche J, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, Lemstra AW, Witte ME, van der Flier WM, Teunissen CE, de Vries HE. Adaptive immune changes associate with clinical progression of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:38. [PMID: 38658964 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of dementia. Recent evidence suggests the involvement of peripheral immune cells in the disease, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS We comprehensively mapped peripheral immune changes in AD patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia compared to controls, using cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF). RESULTS We found an adaptive immune signature in AD, and specifically highlight the accumulation of PD1+ CD57+ CD8+ T effector memory cells re-expressing CD45RA in the MCI stage of AD. In addition, several innate and adaptive immune cell subsets correlated to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of AD neuropathology and measures for cognitive decline. Intriguingly, subsets of memory T and B cells were negatively associated with CSF biomarkers for tau pathology, neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in AD patients. Lastly, we established the influence of the APOE ε4 allele on peripheral immunity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings illustrate significant peripheral immune alterations associated with both early and late clinical stages of AD, emphasizing the necessity for further investigation into how these changes influence underlying brain pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn van Olst
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Present address: The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Alwin Kamermans
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sem Halters
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne M A van der Pol
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ernesto Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne G S Verberk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Danielle W R Wessels
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carla Rodriguez-Mogeda
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Verhoeff
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dorine Wouters
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Juan J Garcia-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Afina W Lemstra
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten E Witte
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Helga E de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurovascular Disorders, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Grant RA, Poor TA, Sichizya L, Diaz E, Bailey JI, Soni S, Senkow KJ, Pérez-Leonor XG, Abdala-Valencia H, Lu Z, Donnelly HK, Simons LM, Ozer EA, Tighe RM, Lomasney JW, Wunderink RG, Singer BD, Misharin AV, Budinger GRS. Prolonged exposure to lung-derived cytokines is associated with activation of microglia in patients with COVID-19. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e178859. [PMID: 38502186 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.178859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDSurvivors of pneumonia, including SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, are at increased risk for cognitive dysfunction and dementia. In rodent models, cognitive dysfunction following pneumonia has been linked to the systemic release of lung-derived pro-inflammatory cytokines. Microglia are poised to respond to inflammatory signals from the circulation, and their dysfunction has been linked to cognitive impairment in murine models of dementia and in humans.METHODSWe measured levels of 55 cytokines and chemokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and plasma from 341 patients with respiratory failure and 13 healthy controls, including 93 unvaccinated patients with COVID-19 and 203 patients with other causes of pneumonia. We used flow cytometry to sort neuroimmune cells from postmortem brain tissue from 5 patients who died from COVID-19 and 3 patients who died from other causes for single-cell RNA-sequencing.RESULTSMicroglia from patients with COVID-19 exhibited a transcriptomic signature suggestive of their activation by circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. Peak levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were similar in patients with pneumonia irrespective of etiology, but cumulative cytokine exposure was higher in patients with COVID-19. Treatment with corticosteroids reduced expression of COVID-19-specific cytokines.CONCLUSIONProlonged lung inflammation results in sustained elevations in circulating cytokines in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia compared with those with pneumonia secondary to other pathogens. Microglia from patients with COVID-19 exhibit transcriptional responses to inflammatory cytokines. These findings support data from rodent models causally linking systemic inflammation with cognitive dysfunction in pneumonia and support further investigation into the role of microglia in pneumonia-related cognitive dysfunction.FUNDINGSCRIPT U19AI135964, UL1TR001422, P01AG049665, P01HL154998, R01HL149883, R01LM013337, R01HL153122, R01HL147290, R01HL147575, R01HL158139, R01ES034350, R01ES027574, I01CX001777, U01TR003528, R21AG075423, T32AG020506, F31AG071225, T32HL076139.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogan A Grant
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Taylor A Poor
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Lango Sichizya
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Estefani Diaz
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Joseph I Bailey
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Sahil Soni
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Karolina J Senkow
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | | | | | - Ziyan Lu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Helen K Donnelly
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Lacy M Simons
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Robert J. Havey, MD Institute for Global Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Egon A Ozer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Robert J. Havey, MD Institute for Global Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert M Tighe
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Richard G Wunderink
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
| | - Benjamin D Singer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, and Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - G R Scott Budinger
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine; and
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4
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Rubinstein MR, Burgueño AL, Quiroga S, Wald MR, Genaro AM. Current Understanding of the Roles of Gut-Brain Axis in the Cognitive Deficits Caused by Perinatal Stress Exposure. Cells 2023; 12:1735. [PMID: 37443769 PMCID: PMC10340286 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The term 'perinatal environment' refers to the period surrounding birth, which plays a crucial role in brain development. It has been suggested that dynamic communication between the neuro-immune system and gut microbiota is essential in maintaining adequate brain function. This interaction depends on the mother's status during pregnancy and/or the newborn environment. Here, we show experimental and clinical evidence that indicates that the perinatal period is a critical window in which stress-induced immune activation and altered microbiota compositions produce lasting behavioral consequences, although a clear causative relationship has not yet been established. In addition, we discuss potential early treatments for preventing the deleterious effect of perinatal stress exposure. In this sense, early environmental enrichment exposure (including exercise) and melatonin use in the perinatal period could be valuable in improving the negative consequences of early adversities. The evidence presented in this review encourages the realization of studies investigating the beneficial role of melatonin administration and environmental enrichment exposure in mitigating cognitive alteration in offspring under perinatal stress exposure. On the other hand, direct evidence of microbiota restoration as the main mechanism behind the beneficial effects of this treatment has not been fully demonstrated and should be explored in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Roxana Rubinstein
- Laboratorio de Psiconeuroendocrinoinmunologia, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)—Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires C1107AFF, Argentina; (A.L.B.); (S.Q.); (M.R.W.)
| | | | | | | | - Ana María Genaro
- Laboratorio de Psiconeuroendocrinoinmunologia, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)—Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires C1107AFF, Argentina; (A.L.B.); (S.Q.); (M.R.W.)
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5
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Gwinnutt JM, Toyoda T, Barraclough M, Verstappen SMM, Hornberger M, MacGregor A. Cognitive impairment in the immune-mediated inflammatory diseases compared with age-matched controls: Systematic review and meta-regression. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2023; 58:152131. [PMID: 36527929 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2022.152131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the magnitude of cognitive impairment against age-expected levels across the immune mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs: systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE], rheumatoid arthritis [RA], axial spondyloarthritis [axSpA], psoriatic arthritis [PsA], psoriasis [PsO]). METHODS A pre-defined search strategy was implemented in Medline, Embase and Psychinfo on 29/05/2021. Inclusion criteria were: (i) observational studies of an IMID, (ii) healthy control comparison, (iii) measuring cognitive ability (overall, memory, complex attention/executive function, language/verbal fluency), and (iv) sufficient data for meta-analysis. Standardised mean differences (SMD) in cognitive assessments between IMIDs and controls were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. IMIDs were compared using meta-regression. RESULTS In total, 65 IMID groups were included (SLE: 39, RA: 19, axSpA: 1, PsA: 2 PsO: 4), comprising 3141 people with IMIDs and 9333 controls. People with IMIDs had impairments in overall cognition (SMD: -0.57 [95% CI -0.70, -0.43]), complex attention/executive function (SMD -0.57 [95% CI -0.69, -0.44]), memory (SMD -0.55 [95% CI -0.68, -0.43]) and language/verbal fluency (SMD -0.51 [95% CI -0.68, -0.34]). People with RA and people with SLE had similar magnitudes of cognitive impairment in relation to age-expected levels. People with neuropsychiatric SLE had larger impairment in overall cognition compared with RA. CONCLUSIONS People with IMIDs have moderate impairments across a range of cognitive domains. People with RA and SLE have similar magnitudes of impairment against their respective age-expected levels, calling for greater recognition of cognitive impairment in both conditions. To further understand cognition in the IMIDs, more large-scale, longitudinal studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Gwinnutt
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Task Toyoda
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Michelle Barraclough
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, UK; Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Suzanne M M Verstappen
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, UK
| | | | - Alex MacGregor
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK; Rheumatology Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Trust, Norwich, UK
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6
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Farooqui M, Ortega‐Gutierrez S, Hernandez K, Torres VO, Dajles A, Zevallos CB, Quispe‐Orozco D, Mendez‐Ruiz A, Manzel K, Ten Eyck P, Tranel D, Karandikar NJ, Ortega SB. Hyperacute immune responses associate with immediate neuropathology and motor dysfunction in large vessel occlusions. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2023; 10:276-291. [PMID: 36579400 PMCID: PMC9930422 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite successful endovascular therapy, a proportion of stroke patients exhibit long-term functional decline, regardless of the cortical reperfusion. Our objective was to evaluate the early activation of the adaptive immune response and its impact on neurological recovery in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO). METHODS Nineteen (13 females, 6 males) patients with acute LVO were enrolled in a single-arm prospective cohort study. During endovascular therapy (EVT), blood samples were collected from pre and post-occlusion, distal femoral artery, and median cubital vein (controls). Cytokines, chemokines, cellular and functional profiles were evaluated with immediate and follow-up clinical and radiographic parameters, including cognitive performance and functional recovery. RESULTS In the hyperacute phase (within hours), adaptive immune activation was observed in the post-occlusion intra-arterial environment (post). Ischemic vascular tissue had a significant increase in T-cell-related cytokines, including IFN-γ and MMP-9, while GM-CSF, IL-17, TNF-α, IL-6, MIP-1a, and MIP-1b were decreased. Cellularity analysis revealed an increase in inflammatory IL-17+ and GM-CSF+ helper T-cells, while natural killer (NK), monocytes and B-cells were decreased. A correlation was observed between hypoperfused tissue, infarct volume, inflammatory helper, and cytotoxic T-cells. Moreover, helper and cytotoxic T-cells were also significantly increased in patients with improved motor function at 3 months. INTERPRETATION We provide evidence of the activation of the inflammatory adaptive immune response during the hyperacute phase and the association of pro-inflammatory cytokines with greater ischemic tissue and worsening recovery after successful reperfusion. Further characterization of these immune pathways is warranted to test selective immunomodulators during the early stages of stroke rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Santiago Ortega‐Gutierrez
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
- Department of Neurosurgery, and RadiologyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Katherine Hernandez
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and GeneticsUniversity of North Texas Health Science CenterFort WorthTexasUSA
| | - Vanessa O. Torres
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexasUSA
| | - Andres Dajles
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | | | | | | | - Kenneth Manzel
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Patrick Ten Eyck
- Institute for Clinical and Translational ScienceUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Daniel Tranel
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | | | - Sterling B. Ortega
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and GeneticsUniversity of North Texas Health Science CenterFort WorthTexasUSA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
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7
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Banerjee P, Elliott E, Rifai OM, O'Shaughnessy J, McDade K, Abrahams S, Chandran S, Smith C, Gregory JM. NLRP3 inflammasome as a key molecular target underlying cognitive resilience in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Pathol 2022; 256:262-268. [PMID: 34883532 DOI: 10.1002/path.5846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Up to 50% of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients present with cognitive deficits in addition to motor dysfunction, but the molecular mechanisms underlying diverse clinical and pathological presentations remain poorly understood. There is therefore an unmet need to identify molecular drivers of cognitive dysfunction to enable better therapeutic targeting and prognostication. To address this, we employed a non-biased approach to identify molecular targets using a deeply phenotyped, clinically stratified cohort of cognitively affected and unaffected brain regions from three brain regions of 13 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with the same cognitive screening test performed during life. Using NanoString molecular barcoding as a sensitive mRNA sequencing technique on post-mortem tissue, we profiled a data-driven panel of 770 genes using the Neuropathology Panel, followed by region and cell type-specific validation using BaseScope in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry. We identified 50 significantly dysregulated genes that are distinct between cognitively affected and unaffected brain regions. Using BaseScope in situ hybridisation, we also demonstrate that macromolecular complex regulation, notably NLRP3 inflammasome modulation, is a potential, therapeutically targetable, pathological correlate of cognitive resilience in ALS. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poulomi Banerjee
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- The Euan MacDonald Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Elizabeth Elliott
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- The Euan MacDonald Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Olivia M Rifai
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- The Euan MacDonald Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Judi O'Shaughnessy
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Karina McDade
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sharon Abrahams
- The Euan MacDonald Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- The Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Siddharthan Chandran
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- The Euan MacDonald Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- The Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Colin Smith
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- The Euan MacDonald Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jenna M Gregory
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- The Euan MacDonald Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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8
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Janelsins MC, Lei L, Netherby-Winslow C, Kleckner AS, Kerns S, Gilmore N, Belcher E, Thompson BD, Werner ZA, Hopkins JO, Long J, Cole S, Culakova E. Relationships between cytokines and cognitive function from pre- to post-chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer. J Neuroimmunol 2022; 362:577769. [PMID: 34871864 PMCID: PMC10659959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-related cognitive decline (CRCD) is a clinically important problem and negatively affects daily functioning and quality of life. We conducted a pilot longitudinal study from pre- to post-chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer to assess changes in inflammation and cognition over time, as well as the impact of baseline cytokine level on post-chemotherapy cognitive scores. We found that concentrations of IL-6, MCP-1, sTNFRI, and sTNFRII significantly increased in patients, while IL-1β significantly decreased (p < 0.05). After controlling for covariates, increases in IL-6 and MCP-1 were associated with worse executive function and verbal fluency in patients from pre- to post-chemotherapy (p < 0.05). Higher baseline IL-6 was associated with better performance on executive function and verbal fluency post chemotherapy (p < 0.05). Overall, these results suggest that chemotherapy-associated increases in cytokines/receptors is associated with worse cognitive function. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Janelsins
- Department of Surgery, Supportive Care in Cancer, University of Rochester, 265 Crittenden Blvd., Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY 14642, United States.
| | - Lianlian Lei
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Colleen Netherby-Winslow
- Department of Surgery, Supportive Care in Cancer, University of Rochester, 265 Crittenden Blvd., Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Amber S Kleckner
- Department of Surgery, Supportive Care in Cancer, University of Rochester, 265 Crittenden Blvd., Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Sarah Kerns
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14624, United States
| | - Nikesha Gilmore
- Department of Surgery, Supportive Care in Cancer, University of Rochester, 265 Crittenden Blvd., Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Elizabeth Belcher
- Department of Surgery, Supportive Care in Cancer, University of Rochester, 265 Crittenden Blvd., Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Bryan D Thompson
- Department of Surgery, Supportive Care in Cancer, University of Rochester, 265 Crittenden Blvd., Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Zachary A Werner
- Department of Surgery, Supportive Care in Cancer, University of Rochester, 265 Crittenden Blvd., Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Judith O Hopkins
- Southeast Clinical Oncology Research Consortium (SCOR), 2150 Country Club Road Suite 200, Winston Salem, NC 27104, United States
| | - Joan Long
- Cancer Research Consortium of West Michigan NCORP (CRCWM), 25 Michigan St. NE, Suite 3100, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, United States
| | - Sharon Cole
- Dayton Clinical Oncology Program, 3123 Research Blvd., Suite 150, Dayton, OH 45420, United States
| | - Eva Culakova
- Department of Surgery, Supportive Care in Cancer, University of Rochester, 265 Crittenden Blvd., Rochester, NY 14642, United States
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9
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Yue W, Caldwell S, Risbrough V, Powell S, Zhou X. Chronic presence of blood circulating anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies impairs cognitive function in mice. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256972. [PMID: 34473764 PMCID: PMC8412244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High titers of anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies in brain cause anti-NMDAR1 encephalitis that displays psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenia and/or other psychiatric disorders in addition to neurological symptoms. Low titers of anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies are reported in the blood of a subset of the general human population and psychiatric patients. Since ~0.1–0.2% of blood circulating antibodies cross the blood-brain barriers and antibodies can persist for months and years in human blood, it is important to investigate whether chronic presence of these blood circulating anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies may impair human cognitive functions and contribute to the development of psychiatric symptoms. Here, we generated mice carrying low titers of anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies in blood against a single antigenic epitope of mouse NMDAR1. Mice carrying the anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies are healthy and display no differences in locomotion, sensorimotor gating, and contextual memory compared to controls. Chronic presence of the blood circulating anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies, however, is sufficient to impair T-maze spontaneous alternation in the integrity of blood-brain barriers across all 3 independent mouse cohorts, indicating a robust cognitive deficit in spatial working memory and/or novelty detection. Our studies implicate that chronic presence of low titers of blood circulating anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies may impair cognitive functions in both the general healthy human population and psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Yue
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Sorana Caldwell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- VA Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
- VA Mental Illness Research and Clinical Core, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Victoria Risbrough
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- VA Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
- VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Susan Powell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- VA Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
- VA Mental Illness Research and Clinical Core, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Xianjin Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- VA Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
- VA Mental Illness Research and Clinical Core, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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10
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de Sousa LP, Ribeiro-Gomes FL, de Almeida RF, Souza TME, Werneck GL, Souza DO, Daniel-Ribeiro CT. Immune system challenge improves recognition memory and reverses malaria-induced cognitive impairment in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14857. [PMID: 34290279 PMCID: PMC8295320 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94167-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a role in the maintenance of healthy neurocognitive function. Different patterns of immune response triggered by distinct stimuli may affect nervous functions through regulatory or deregulatory signals, depending on the properties of the exogenous immunogens. Here, we investigate the effect of immune stimulation on cognitive-behavioural parameters in healthy mice and its impact on cognitive sequelae resulting from non-severe experimental malaria. We show that immune modulation induced by a specific combination of immune stimuli that induce a type 2 immune response can enhance long-term recognition memory in healthy adult mice subjected to novel object recognition task (NORT) and reverse a lack of recognition ability in NORT and anxiety-like behaviour in a light/dark task that result from a single episode of mild Plasmodium berghei ANKA malaria. Our findings suggest a potential use of immunogens for boosting and recovering recognition memory that may be impaired by chronic and infectious diseases and by the effects of ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Pereira de Sousa
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz & Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal) of Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) and of Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (SVS), Ministério da Saúde, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 2104-360, Brazil
| | - Flávia Lima Ribeiro-Gomes
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz & Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal) of Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) and of Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (SVS), Ministério da Saúde, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 2104-360, Brazil
| | - Roberto Farina de Almeida
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tadeu Mello E Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Loureiro Werneck
- Departamento de Epidemiologia of Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro and Instituto de Estudos de Saúde Coletiva da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diogo Onofre Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Malária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz & Centro de Pesquisa, Diagnóstico e Treinamento em Malária (CPD-Mal) of Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) and of Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (SVS), Ministério da Saúde, Fiocruz. Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 2104-360, Brazil.
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11
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Zhang Y, Tan SL, Du J, Chen Y, Jia J, Feng JG, Liu KX, Zhou J. Dexmedetomidine alleviates neuroinflammation, restores sleep disorders and neurobehavioral abnormalities in rats with minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107795. [PMID: 34162157 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence and progress of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is closely related to the inflammatory response; however, inflammation contributes to behavioral abnormalities and sleep disorders. Dexmedetomidine has anti-inflammatory effects against various diseases. Whether dexmedetomidine improves MHE and the underlying mechanism is yet unclear. The present study aimed to explore the effects of dexmedetomidine on sleep structure, neurobehavior, and brain morphology of MHE rats and investigate its underlying mechanism. A rat MHE model was established by intraperitoneal injection of thioacetamide (TAA). Dexmedetomidine or yohimbine was administered intraperitoneally to investigate the role of α2 adrenoreceptor in the protection conferred by dexmedetomidine. The 24-h sleep, neurobehavioral changes, the liver function, blood ammonia and morphological changes of the liver and brain were assessed. Also, the microglia, astrocytes, neurons, the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-18), and NLRP3 inflammasomes were detected. The results showed that marked sleep disorders, cognitive impairment, anxiety, abnormal liver function and pathological damage of liver and brain were detected in the MHE rats. The microglia in the prefrontal cortex was highly activated along with the increased expression of pro-inflammatory factors and NLRP3 inflammasomes. Interestingly, dexmedetomidine improved above indicators, however, yohimbine significantly abolished the protection of dexmedetomidine. These findings showed that dexmedetomidine restored the changes in the sleep disorders and neurobehavior in rats and reduced brain damage. The mechanism might be partially related to the activation of α2 adrenergic receptors, reduction of neuroinflammatory response, and inhibition of the activation of microglia and NLRP3/Caspase1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Su-Lan Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Jing Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Ke-Xuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China.
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12
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Duggan MR, Parikh V. Microglia and modifiable life factors: Potential contributions to cognitive resilience in aging. Behav Brain Res 2021; 405:113207. [PMID: 33640394 PMCID: PMC8005490 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Given the increasing prevalence of age-related cognitive decline, it is relevant to consider the factors and mechanisms that might facilitate an individual's resiliency to such deficits. Growing evidence suggests a preeminent role of microglia, the prime mediator of innate immunity within the central nervous system. Human and animal investigations suggest aberrant microglial functioning and neuroinflammation are not only characteristic of the aged brain, but also might contribute to age-related dementia and Alzheimer's Disease. Conversely, accumulating data suggest that modifiable lifestyle factors (MLFs), such as healthy diet, exercise and cognitive engagement, can reliably afford cognitive benefits by potentially suppressing inflammation in the aging brain. The present review highlights recent advances in our understanding of the role for microglia in maintaining brain homeostasis and cognitive functioning in aging. Moreover, we propose an integrated, mechanistic model that postulates an individual's resiliency to cognitive decline afforded by MLFs might be mediated by the mitigation of aberrant microglia activation in aging, and subsequent suppression of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Duggan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, United States
| | - Vinay Parikh
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, United States.
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13
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Panoskaltsis N, McCarthy NE, Stagg AJ, Mummery CJ, Husni M, Arebi N, Greenstein D, Price CL, Al-Hassi HO, Koutinas M, Mantalaris A, Knight SC. Immune reconstitution and clinical recovery following anti-CD28 antibody (TGN1412)-induced cytokine storm. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:1127-1142. [PMID: 33033851 PMCID: PMC7543968 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02725-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine storm can result from cancer immunotherapy or certain infections, including COVID-19. Though short-term immune-related adverse events are routinely described, longer-term immune consequences and sequential immune monitoring are not as well defined. In 2006, six healthy volunteers received TGN1412, a CD28 superagonist antibody, in a first-in-man clinical trial and suffered from cytokine storm. After the initial cytokine release, antibody effect-specific immune monitoring started on Day + 10 and consisted mainly of evaluation of dendritic cell and T-cell subsets and 15 serum cytokines at 21 time-points over 2 years. All patients developed problems with concentration and memory; three patients were diagnosed with mild-to-moderate depression. Mild neutropenia and autoantibody production was observed intermittently. One patient suffered from peripheral dry gangrene, required amputations, and had persistent Raynaud's phenomenon. Gastrointestinal irritability was noted in three patients and coincided with elevated γδT-cells. One had pruritus associated with elevated IgE levels, also found in three other asymptomatic patients. Dendritic cells, initially undetectable, rose to normal within a month. Naïve CD8+ T-cells were maintained at high levels, whereas naïve CD4+ and memory CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells started high but declined over 2 years. T-regulatory cells cycled circannually and were normal in number. Cytokine dysregulation was especially noted in one patient with systemic symptoms. Over a 2-year follow-up, cognitive deficits were observed in all patients following TGN1412 infusion. Some also had signs or symptoms of psychological, mucosal or immune dysregulation. These observations may discern immunopathology, treatment targets, and long-term monitoring strategies for other patients undergoing immunotherapy or with cytokine storm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicki Panoskaltsis
- Department of Haematology, Imperial College London, Northwick Park & St. Mark's Campus, London, UK.
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Northwick Park & St. Mark's Campus, London, UK.
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA.
- BioMedical Systems Engineering Laboratory, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA.
| | - Neil E McCarthy
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Northwick Park & St. Mark's Campus, London, UK
- Centre for Immunobiology, The Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Andrew J Stagg
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Northwick Park & St. Mark's Campus, London, UK
- Centre for Immunobiology, The Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Catherine J Mummery
- Dementia Research Centre, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, Department of Neurology, Northwick Park Hospital, London, UK
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mariwan Husni
- Central and North West London Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Northwick Park Hospital, London, UK
- Psychiatry Department, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Naila Arebi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Intestinal Physiology, St. Mark's Hospital, London, UK
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical Service, St Mark's Hospital, London, UK
| | - David Greenstein
- Department of Vascular Surgery, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Northwick Park & St. Mark's Hospitals Site, London, UK
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Northwick Park Hospital and Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Claire L Price
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Northwick Park & St. Mark's Campus, London, UK
- Lucid Group Communications, Buckinghamshire, UK
| | - Hafid O Al-Hassi
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Northwick Park & St. Mark's Campus, London, UK
- Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Michalis Koutinas
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Athanasios Mantalaris
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
- BioMedical Systems Engineering Laboratory, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA
| | - Stella C Knight
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Northwick Park & St. Mark's Campus, London, UK
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14
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Tian H, Li G, Xu G, Liu J, Wan X, Zhang J, Xie S, Cheng J, Gao S. Inflammatory cytokines derived from peripheral blood contribute to the modified electroconvulsive therapy-induced cognitive deficits in major depressive disorder. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2021; 271:475-485. [PMID: 32361811 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-020-01128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the pathophysiology of memory deficits in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) treated with modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT). This study examined the profiles of cytokines, the memory function, and their association in MECT-treated MDD patients. Forty first-episode, drug-free MDD patients and 40 healthy controls were recruited. MECT was started with antidepressant treatment at a stable initial dose. The Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression 17 (HRSD-17) were used to assess the cognitive function. MDD patients were divided into the memory impairment group (WMS < 50) and the non-memory impairment group (WMS ≥ 50) based on the total WMS scores after MECT. The levels of NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, interleukin-18 (IL-18) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in the serum were measured. MDD patients showed significantly higher levels of NLRP3 inflammasome, IL-18 and NF-κB than that in the controls prior to MECT, and the levels also significantly increased after MECT. In MDD patients, the serum levels of these inflammatory cytokines were negatively associated with the total WMS scores and likely contributed to the scores independently. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the serum levels of these inflammatory cytokines may predict the cognitive impairment risk in MDD patients receiving MECT. Abnormal levels of NLRP3 inflammasome, IL-18 and NF-κB reflecting the disturbed balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mechanisms likely contribute to the MECT-induced cognitive deficits in MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Tian
- Department of Affective Disorder, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, 315201, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guangxue Li
- Department of Affective Disorder, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, 315201, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guoan Xu
- Department of Affective Disorder, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, 315201, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jimeng Liu
- Department of Affective Disorder, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, 315201, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohan Wan
- Department of Affective Disorder, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, 315201, Zhejiang, China
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Department of Affective Disorder, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, 315201, Zhejiang, China
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuguang Xie
- Department of Affective Disorder, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, 315201, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia Cheng
- Department of Affective Disorder, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, 315201, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361004, China.
| | - Shugui Gao
- Department of Affective Disorder, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, 315201, Zhejiang, China.
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15
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Bowler S, Mitchell BI, Kallianpur KJ, Chow D, Jiang W, Shikuma CM, Ndhlovu LC. Plasma anti-CD4 IgG is associated with brain abnormalities in people with HIV on antiretroviral therapy. J Neurovirol 2021; 27:334-339. [PMID: 33710596 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-021-00966-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Anti-CD4 IgG autoantibodies have been implicated in CD4+ T cell reconstitution failure, leaving people with HIV (PWH) at heightened risk of HIV-associated comorbidities, such as neurocognitive impairment. Seventeen PWH on stable anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and 10 HIV seronegative controls had plasma anti-CD4 IgG antibodies measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Neuropsychological (NP) tests assessed cognitive performance, and brain volumes were measured by structural magnetic resonance imaging. Anti-CD4 IgG levels were elevated (p = 0.04) in PWH compared with controls. Anti-CD4 IgG correlated with global NP z-scores (rho = - 0.51, p = 0.04). A relationship was observed between anti-CD4 IgG and putamen (β = - 0.39, p = 0.02), pallidum (β = - 0.38, p = 0.03), and amygdala (β = - 0.42, p = 0.05) regional brain volumes. The results of this study suggest the existence of an antibody-mediated relationship with neurocognitive impairment and brain abnormalities in an HIV-infected population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Bowler
- Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA.
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA.
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA.
| | | | - Kalpana J Kallianpur
- Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Center for Translational Research On Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Dominic Chow
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
- The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | - Lishomwa C Ndhlovu
- Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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16
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Lonnemann N, Hosseini S, Marchetti C, Skouras DB, Stefanoni D, D'Alessandro A, Dinarello CA, Korte M. The NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor OLT1177 rescues cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:32145-32154. [PMID: 33257576 PMCID: PMC7749353 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2009680117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies demonstrate that neuroinflammation is a key player in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Interleukin (IL)-1β is a main inducer of inflammation and therefore a prime target for therapeutic options. The inactive IL-1β precursor requires processing by the the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome into a mature and active form. Studies have shown that IL-1β is up-regulated in brains of patients with AD, and that genetic inactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome improves behavioral tests and synaptic plasticity phenotypes in a murine model of the disease. In the present study, we analyzed the effect of pharmacological inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome using dapansutrile (OLT1177), an oral NLRP3-specific inhibitor that is safe in humans. Six-month-old WT and APP/PS1 mice were fed with standard mouse chow or OLT1177-enriched chow for 3 mo. The Morris water maze test revealed an impaired learning and memory ability of 9-mo-old APP/PS1 mice (P = 0.001), which was completely rescued by OLT1177 fed to mice (P = 0.008 to untreated APP/PS1). Furthermore, our findings revealed that 3 mo of OLT1177 diet can rescue synaptic plasticity in this mouse model of AD (P = 0.007 to untreated APP/PS1). In addition, microglia were less activated (P = 0.07) and the number of plaques was reduced in the cortex (P = 0.03) following NLRP3 inhibition with OLT1177 administration. We also observed an OLT1177 dose-dependent normalization of plasma metabolic markers of AD to those of WT mice. This study suggests the therapeutic potential of treating neuroinflammation with an oral inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Lonnemann
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Shirin Hosseini
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Carlo Marchetti
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
| | | | - Davide Stefanoni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Charles A Dinarello
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO 80045;
- Department of Medicine, Radboud University, Medical Center, 6525 Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Korte
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany;
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
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17
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Sánchez-Sarasúa S, Fernández-Pérez I, Espinosa-Fernández V, Sánchez-Pérez AM, Ledesma JC. Can We Treat Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8751. [PMID: 33228179 PMCID: PMC7699542 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), considered the most common type of dementia, is characterized by a progressive loss of memory, visuospatial, language and complex cognitive abilities. In addition, patients often show comorbid depression and aggressiveness. Aging is the major factor contributing to AD; however, the initial cause that triggers the disease is yet unknown. Scientific evidence demonstrates that AD, especially the late onset of AD, is not the result of a single event, but rather it appears because of a combination of risk elements with the lack of protective ones. A major risk factor underlying the disease is neuroinflammation, which can be activated by different situations, including chronic pathogenic infections, prolonged stress and metabolic syndrome. Consequently, many therapeutic strategies against AD have been designed to reduce neuro-inflammation, with very promising results improving cognitive function in preclinical models of the disease. The literature is massive; thus, in this review we will revise the translational evidence of these early strategies focusing in anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory molecules and discuss their therapeutic application in humans. Furthermore, we review the preclinical and clinical data of nutraceutical application against AD symptoms. Finally, we introduce new players underlying neuroinflammation in AD: the activity of the endocannabinoid system and the intestinal microbiota as neuroprotectors. This review highlights the importance of a broad multimodal approach to treat successfully the neuroinflammation underlying AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ana María Sánchez-Pérez
- Neurobiotechnology Group, Department of Medicine, Health Science Faculty, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (S.S.-S.); (I.F.-P.); (V.E.-F.)
| | - Juan Carlos Ledesma
- Neurobiotechnology Group, Department of Medicine, Health Science Faculty, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain; (S.S.-S.); (I.F.-P.); (V.E.-F.)
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18
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Pillai JA, Bena J, Bebek G, Bekris LM, Bonner‐Jackson A, Kou L, Pai A, Sørensen L, Neilsen M, Rao SM, Chance M, Lamb BT, Leverenz JB. Inflammatory pathway analytes predicting rapid cognitive decline in MCI stage of Alzheimer's disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020; 7:1225-1239. [PMID: 32634865 PMCID: PMC7359114 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the inflammatory analytes that predict clinical progression and evaluate their performance against biomarkers of neurodegeneration. METHODS A longitudinal study of MCI-AD patients in a Discovery cohort over 15 months, with replication in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) MCI cohort over 36 months. Fifty-three inflammatory analytes were measured in the CSF and plasma with a RBM multiplex analyte platform. Inflammatory analytes that predict clinical progression on Clinical Dementia Rating Scale-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB) and Mini Mental State Exam scores were assessed in multivariate regression models. To provide context, key analyte results in ADNI were compared against biomarkers of neurodegeneration, hippocampal volume, and CSF neurofilament light (NfL), in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses evaluating highest quartile of CDR-SB change over two years (≥3 points). RESULTS Cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory analytes in relation to cognitive decline were best described by gene ontology terms, natural killer cell chemotaxis, and endothelial cell apoptotic process and in plasma, extracellular matrix organization, blood coagulation, and fibrin clot formation described the analytes. CSF CCL2 was most robust in predicting rate of cognitive change and analytes that correlated to CCL2 suggest IL-10 pathway dysregulation. The ROC curves for ≥3 points change in CDR-SB over 2 years when comparing baseline hippocampal volume, CSF NfL, and CCL2 were not significantly different. INTERPRETATION Baseline levels of immune cell chemotactic cytokine CCL2 in the CSF and IL-10 pathway dysregulation impact longitudinal cognitive and functional decline in MCI-AD. CCL2's utility appears comparable to biomarkers of neurodegeneration in predicting rapid decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagan A. Pillai
- Lou Ruvo Center for Brain HealthCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio44195
- Neurological InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio44195
- Department of NeurologyCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio44195
| | - James Bena
- Quantitative Health SciencesCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio44195
| | - Gurkan Bebek
- Center for Proteomics and BioinformaticsCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhio44195
- Department of NutritionCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhio44195
| | - Lynn M. Bekris
- Genomic Medicine InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio44195
| | - Aaron Bonner‐Jackson
- Lou Ruvo Center for Brain HealthCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio44195
- Neurological InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio44195
- Department of NeurologyCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio44195
| | - Lei Kou
- Quantitative Health SciencesCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio44195
| | - Akshay Pai
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Biomediq A/SCopenhagenDenmark
- Cerebriu A/SCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Lauge Sørensen
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Biomediq A/SCopenhagenDenmark
- Cerebriu A/SCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Mads Neilsen
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Biomediq A/SCopenhagenDenmark
- Cerebriu A/SCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Stephen M. Rao
- Lou Ruvo Center for Brain HealthCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio44195
- Neurological InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio44195
- Department of NeurologyCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio44195
| | - Mark Chance
- Center for Proteomics and BioinformaticsCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhio44195
- Department of NutritionCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhio44195
| | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Stark Neuroscience Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN46202
| | - James B. Leverenz
- Lou Ruvo Center for Brain HealthCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio44195
- Neurological InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio44195
- Department of NeurologyCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio44195
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19
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Zhang W, Hua H, Guo Y, Cheng Y, Pi F, Yao W, Xie Y, Qian H. Torularhodin from Sporidiobolus pararoseus Attenuates d-galactose/AlCl 3-Induced Cognitive Impairment, Oxidative Stress, and Neuroinflammation via the Nrf2/NF-κB Pathway. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:6604-6614. [PMID: 32476418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are considered as crucial culprits in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Torularhodin, a carotenoid pigment, possesses powerful antioxidant activity. This study aimed to elucidate the protective effects of torularhodin in the AD-like mouse model and investigated the underlying mechanisms. Behavioral and histopathological results suggested that torularhodin relieved cognitive impairments, attenuated Aβ accumulation, and inhibited glial overactivation in d-gal/AlCl3-induced ICR mice. Simultaneously, torularhodin also markedly increased antioxidant enzyme capacities, lowered the contents of RAGE, and reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines. Western blot results showed that torularhodin ameliorated neuronal oxidative damage via activation of Nrf2 translocation, upregulation of HO-1, and inactivation of NF-κB in vivo and in vitro. Thus, torularhodin effectively ameliorated cognitive impairment, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation, possibly through the Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathways, suggesting torularhodin might offer a promising prevention strategy for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Hanyi Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Fuwei Pi
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Weirong Yao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yunfei Xie
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
| | - He Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P.R. China
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Quinones MM, Gallegos AM, Lin FV, Heffner K. Dysregulation of inflammation, neurobiology, and cognitive function in PTSD: an integrative review. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 2020; 20:455-480. [PMID: 32170605 PMCID: PMC7682894 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-020-00782-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Compelling evidence from animal and human research suggest a strong link between inflammation and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Furthermore, recent findings support compromised neurocognitive function as a key feature of PTSD, particularly with deficits in attention and processing speed, executive function, and memory. These cognitive domains are supported by brain structures and neural pathways that are disrupted in PTSD and which are implicated in fear learning and extinction processes. The disruption of these supporting structures potentially results from their interaction with inflammation. Thus, the converging evidence supports a model of inflammatory dysregulation and cognitive dysfunction as combined mechanisms underpinning PTSD symptomatology. In this review, we summarize evidence of dysregulated inflammation in PTSD and further explore how the neurobiological underpinnings of PTSD, in the context of fear learning and extinction acquisition and recall, may interact with inflammation. We then present evidence for cognitive dysfunction in PTSD, highlighting findings from human work. Potential therapeutic approaches utilizing novel pharmacological and behavioral interventions that target inflammation and cognition also are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Quinones
- Elaine C. Hubbard Center for Nursing Research on Aging, School of Nursing, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Autumn M Gallegos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Feng Vankee Lin
- Elaine C. Hubbard Center for Nursing Research on Aging, School of Nursing, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Kathi Heffner
- Elaine C. Hubbard Center for Nursing Research on Aging, School of Nursing, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Division of Geriatrics & Aging, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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21
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Mulati A, Ma S, Zhang H, Ren B, Zhao B, Wang L, Liu X, Zhao T, Kamanova S, Sair AT, Liu Z, Liu X. Sea-Buckthorn Flavonoids Alleviate High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-Induced Cognitive Impairment by Inhibiting Insulin Resistance and Neuroinflammation. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:5835-5846. [PMID: 32363873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sea-buckthorn flavonoids (SFs) have been used as functional food components for their bioactive potential in preventing metabolic complications caused by diet, such as obesity and inflammation. However, the protective effect of SFs on cognitive functions is not fully clear. In this study, a high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD)-induced obese mice model was treated with SFs for 14 weeks. It was found that the oral SF administration (0.06% and 0.31% w/w, mixed in diet) significantly reduced bodyweight gain and insulin resistance in the HFFD-fed mice. SFs significantly prevented HFFD-induced neuronal loss and memory impairment in behavioral tests. Additionally, SFs also suppressed the HFFD-induced synaptic dysfunction and neuronal damages by increasing the protein expressions of PSD-95. Furthermore, SF treatment activated the ERK/CREB/BDNF and IRS-1/AKT pathways and inactivated the NF-κB signaling and its downstream inflammatory mediator expressions. In conclusion, SFs are a potential nutraceutical to prevent high-energy density diet-induced cognitive impairments, which could be possibly explained by their mediating effects on insulin signaling and inflammatory responses in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiziguli Mulati
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Shaobo Ma
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Bo Ren
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Beita Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Luanfeng Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Svetlana Kamanova
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Ali Tahir Sair
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
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22
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Jackson L, Dumanli S, Johnson MH, Fagan SC, Ergul A. Microglia knockdown reduces inflammation and preserves cognition in diabetic animals after experimental stroke. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:137. [PMID: 32345303 PMCID: PMC7189436 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01815-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Unfortunately, over 40% of stroke victims have pre-existing diabetes which not only increases their risk of stroke up to 2-6 fold, but also worsens both functional recovery and the severity of cognitive impairment. Our lab has recently linked the chronic inflammation in diabetes to poor functional outcomes and exacerbated cognitive impairment, also known as post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Although we have shown that the development of PSCI in diabetes is associated with the upregulation and the activation of pro-inflammatory microglia, we have not established direct causation between the two. To this end, we evaluated the role of microglia in the development of PSCI. METHODS At 13 weeks of age, diabetic animals received bilateral intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) lentiviral particles targeting the colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R). After 14 days, animals were subjected to 60 min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) or sham surgery. Adhesive removal task (ART), novel object recognition (NOR), and 2-trial Y-maze were utilized to evaluate sensorimotor and cognitive function. Tissue from freshly harvested brains was analyzed by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS CSF1R silencing resulted in a 94% knockdown of residential microglia to relieve inflammation and improve myelination of white matter in the brain. This prevented cognitive decline in diabetic animals. CONCLUSION Microglial activation after stroke in diabetes may be causally related to the development of delayed neurodegeneration and PSCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladonya Jackson
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Augusta, GA, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Selin Dumanli
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Ave. MSC, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Maribeth H Johnson
- Department Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Susan C Fagan
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Augusta, GA, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Adviye Ergul
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Ave. MSC, Charleston, SC, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA.
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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23
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Rubin LH, Langenecker SA, Phan KL, Keating SM, Neigh GN, Weber KM, Maki PM. Remitted depression and cognition in HIV: The role of cortisol and inflammation. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 114:104609. [PMID: 32062371 PMCID: PMC7254879 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In major depressive disorder (MDD) and remitted MDD (rMDD) alterations in cortisol and inflammation are associated with cognitive difficulties, but these relationships have not been investigated in HIV. We used secondary data from a placebo-controlled, cross-over study of cognitive performance following a probe of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis (low dose hydrocortisone; LDH 10 mg) in 65 people with HIV (PWH; 36 women). Using placebo data, we examined sex-specific associations between two biomarkers - basal afternoon salivary cortisol and salivary inflammatory cytokines - cognition, and rMDD. Salivary cortisol and inflammatory biomarkers were sampled across the 5 -h study. The panel of inflammatory markers included interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-(TNF)-α, CRP, interferon gamma-induced protein (IP-10), monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, monokine induced by interferon (MIG), matrix metalloproteinase MMP-9, and MMP-1. Learning, memory, attention/concentration, and executive function were assessed 30 min and 4 h after the placebo intervention; visuospatial ability was also assessed 30 min after the placebo intervention. For women but not men with HIV, basal cortisol concentrations were higher in rMDD versus noMDD groups, and related to poorer learning and memory. For men and women with HIV, basal inflammatory cytokines were higher in rMDD versus noMDD groups, but were negatively related to cognition independent of rMDD status. Cortisol and cytokines relate to cognition in PWH, but the associations depended on sex, rMDD status, and their interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah H Rubin
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
| | - Scott A Langenecker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - K Luan Phan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sheila M Keating
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Gretchen N Neigh
- Departments of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Kathleen M Weber
- CORE Center, Cook County Health and Hektoen Institute of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Pauline M Maki
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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24
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Ren B, Yuan T, Zhang X, Wang L, Pan J, Liu Y, Zhao B, Zhao W, Liu Z, Liu X. Protective Effects of Sesamol on Systemic Inflammation and Cognitive Impairment in Aging Mice. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:3099-3111. [PMID: 32067456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sesamol, a lignan in sesame, possesses several bioactivities, such as antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and neuroprotective capability. In this study, the effects of sesamol on aging-caused cognitive defects are investigated. Twelve-month-old mice were treated with sesamol (0.1%, w/w) as dietary supplementation for 12 weeks. Behavioral tests revealed that sesamol improved aging-associated cognitive impairments. Sesamol decreased aging-induced oxidative stress via suppression of malondialdehyde production and increased antioxidant enzymes. Histological staining showed that sesamol treatment improved aging-induced neuronal damage and synaptic dysfunction in the hippocampus. Furthermore, sesamol significantly reduced aging-induced neuroinflammation by inhibiting the microglial overactivation and inflammatory cytokine expressions. Meanwhile, the accumulation of Aβ1-42 was reduced by sesamol treatment. Moreover, sesamol protected the gut barrier integrity and reduced LPS release, which was highly associated with its beneficial effects on behavioral and inflammatory changes. In conclusion, our findings indicated that the use of sesamol is feasible in the treatment of aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ren
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Tian Yuan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xinglin Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Luanfeng Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Junru Pan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Beita Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Weiyang Zhao
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
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25
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Wang S, Zheng L, Zhao T, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Sun B, Su G, Zhao M. Inhibitory Effects of Walnut ( Juglans regia) Peptides on Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cognitive Impairment Mice. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:2381-2392. [PMID: 32037817 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing level of inflammation and oxidative stress could lead to memory impairment. The purpose of this study was to determine the neuroprotective effects of walnut peptides against memory deficits induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice and further to explore the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms against LPS-elicited inflammation in BV-2 cells. Results showed that walnut protein hydrolysate (WPH) and its low-molecular-weight fraction (WPHL) could ameliorate the memory deficits induced by LPS via normalizing the inflammatory response and oxidative stress in brain, especially WPHL. Furthermore, 18 peptides with anti-inflammatory activities on LPS-activated BV-2 cells were identified from WPHL and it was found that Trp, Gly, and Leu residues in peptides might contribute to the anti-inflammation. Meanwhile, the strong anti-inflammatory effects of LPF, GVYY, and APTLW might be related to their hydrophobic and aromatic amino acid residues as well. LPF, GVYY, and APTLW could reduce the content of proinflammatory mediators and cytokines by downregulating related enzyme expressions and mRNA expressions. Additionally, ROS and mitochondria homeostasis might also contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center , Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Lin Zheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center , Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Tiantian Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center , Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center , Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center , Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health , Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU) , Beijing 100048 , China
| | - Guowan Su
- School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center , Guangzhou 510650 , China
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center , Guangzhou 510650 , China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health , Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU) , Beijing 100048 , China
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Li W, Yu Y, Li D, Xu N, Fang J, Sun Y, Xu M, Wang X, Han X, Zhang X, Lv C, Han F. TLR2 deficiency attenuated chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced neurocognitive deficits. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 81:106284. [PMID: 32058931 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is the main symptom of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and causes neural damage and cognitive deficits via neuroinflammation. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), especially TLR2, play an important role in neuroinflammation. However, the mechanisms by which TLR2 participates in CIH-induced cognitive deficits remain unclear. In this study, wild-type (WT) and TLR2 knock out (KO) mice were exposed to CIH for 8 weeks, and their social novelty discrimination, spatial learning and memory were severely compromised. Additionally, seriously damaged neurons and abnormally activated glia were observed in the CA1 and dentate gyrus (DG) areas of the hippocampus. Mechanistically, knocking out the TLR2 gene significantly alleviated these pathological changes and improved the behavioral performance. Together, these findings demonstrate that the TLR2-MyD88 signaling pathway might play an important role in CIH-induced cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Li
- Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, YanTai 264003, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, YanTai 264003, China.
| | - Dongze Li
- Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, YanTai 264003, China
| | - Na Xu
- Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, YanTai 264003, China
| | - Jidong Fang
- Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, YanTai 264003, China
| | - Yeying Sun
- Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, YanTai 264003, China
| | - Maolei Xu
- Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, YanTai 264003, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, 717 Jinbu Street, YanTai 264199, China
| | - Xin Han
- Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, YanTai 264003, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, YanTai 264003, China
| | - Changjun Lv
- Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, YanTai 264003, China.
| | - Fang Han
- Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, YanTai 264003, China.
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Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction, one of the major concerns of increased life expectancy, is prevalent in patients with metabolic disorders. Added to the inflammation in the context of aging (inflammaging), low-grade chronic inflammation (metaflammation) accompanies metabolic diseases. Peripheral and central inflammation underlie metabolic syndrome - related cognitive dysfunction. The gut microbiota is increasingly recognized to be linked to both inflammaging and metaflammation in parallel to the pathophysiology of obesity, type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. Microbiota composition, diversity and diverse metabolites have been related to different metabolic features and cognitive traits. The study of different mouse models has contributed to identify characteristic microbiota profiles and shifts in the microbial gene richness in association with cognitive function. Diet, exercise and prebiotics, probiotics or symbiotics significantly influence cognition and changes in the microbiota. Few studies have analyzed the gut microbiota composition in association with cognitive function in humans. Impaired attention, mental flexibility and executive function have been observed in association with a microbiota ecosystem in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Nevertheless, the evidence in humans is still scarce and not causal relationships may be inferred, so larger and long-term studies are required to gain insight into the possible role of microbiota in human cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Arnoriaga-Rodríguez
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona Biomedical Research Institute [IdibGi], Carretera de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain
- Nutrition, Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdibGi), Girona, Spain
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona Biomedical Research Institute [IdibGi], Carretera de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain.
- Nutrition, Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdibGi), Girona, Spain.
- CIBEROBN Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
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Shojima Y, Nishioka K, Watanabe M, Jo T, Tanaka K, Takashima H, Noda K, Okuma Y, Urabe T, Yokoyama K, Hattori N. Clinical Characterization of Definite Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis: A 30-case Series. Intern Med 2019; 58:3369-3378. [PMID: 31434821 PMCID: PMC6928500 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.3029-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Limbic encephalitis (LE) is an inflammatory condition of the limbic system that has an acute or subacute onset. Several types of antibodies are related to the onset of LE, including anti-N-methyl D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies and voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC)-complex antibodies. However, the characteristics and prevalence of LE remain unclear, especially in Asian cohorts, due to the rarity. We aimed to survey their characteristics. Materials and Methods Data of 30 cases clinically defined as "definite autoimmune LE" (based on the standard criteria) were retrospectively collected. These patients were categorized into four subtypes: NMDAR (+) (n=8), VGKC (+) (n=2), antibodies related to paraneoplastic syndrome (n=2), and an antibody-negative group (uncategorized) (n=18). Results LE is rare in Japan, and affected only 30 of 16,759 hospital patients (0.2%) over a ten-year period. The NMDAR (+) group showed distinctive symptoms, while the other three groups had similar indications. Brain MRI indicated significant medial temporal lobe atrophy at one year follow up after discharge. The prevalence of cognitive dysfunction as a complication was 64% (9/14). First-line immunotherapy resulted in a good outcome. A drastic improvement was seen from 4.0±1.1 to 1.1+ on the modified Rankin Scale. A good treatment outcome was observed in all groups (NMDAR, VGKC, and uncategorized), suggesting the importance of an early clinical diagnosis and the early initiation of treatment. Furthermore, we reviewed 26 cases that were clinically diagnosed as definitive autoimmune LE in previous case reports. Conclusion Our findings show that the establishment of a clinical diagnosis based on the clinical criteria of definitive autoimmune LE is important for the initiation of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Shojima
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kenya Nishioka
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masao Watanabe
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Japan
| | - Takayuki Jo
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo Shizuoka Hospital, Japan
| | - Keiko Tanaka
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takashima
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Noda
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo Shizuoka Hospital, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Okuma
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo Shizuoka Hospital, Japan
| | - Takao Urabe
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yokoyama
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
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Velagapudi R, Subramaniyan S, Xiong C, Porkka F, Rodriguiz RM, Wetsel WC, Terrando N. Orthopedic Surgery Triggers Attention Deficits in a Delirium-Like Mouse Model. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2675. [PMID: 31911786 PMCID: PMC6918861 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Postoperative delirium is a frequent and debilitating complication, especially amongst high risk procedures such as orthopedic surgery, and its pathogenesis remains unclear. Inattention is often reported in the clinical diagnosis of delirium, however limited attempts have been made to study this cognitive domain in preclinical models. Here we implemented the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT) to evaluate attention in a clinically relevant mouse model following orthopedic surgery. The 5-CSRTT showed a time-dependent impairment in the number of responses made by the mice acutely after orthopedic surgery, with maximum impairment at 24 h and returning to pre-surgical performance by day 5. Similarly, the latency to the response was also delayed during this time period but returned to pre-surgical levels within several days. While correct responses decreased following surgery, the accuracy of the response (e.g., selection of the correct nose-poke) remained relatively unchanged. In a separate cohort we evaluated neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction using clarified brain tissue with light-sheet microscopy. CLARITY revealed significant changes in microglial morphology and impaired astrocytic-tight junction interactions using high-resolution 3D reconstructions of the neurovascular unit. Deposition of IgG, fibrinogen, and autophagy markers (TFEB and LAMP1) were also altered in the hippocampus 24 h after surgery. Together, these results provide translational evidence for the role of peripheral surgery contributing to delirium-like behavior and disrupted neuroimmunity in adult mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravikanth Velagapudi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Saraswathi Subramaniyan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Chao Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Fiona Porkka
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Mouse Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Analysis Core Facility, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ramona M. Rodriguiz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Mouse Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Analysis Core Facility, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - William C. Wetsel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Mouse Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Analysis Core Facility, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
- Departments of Neurobiology and Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Niccolò Terrando
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
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Osborne AL, Solowij N, Babic I, Lum JS, Huang XF, Newell KA, Weston-Green K. Cannabidiol improves behavioural and neurochemical deficits in adult female offspring of the maternal immune activation (poly I:C) model of neurodevelopmental disorders. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 81:574-587. [PMID: 31326506 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a major source of disability in schizophrenia and current antipsychotic drugs (APDs) have minimal efficacy for this symptom domain. Cannabidiol (CBD), the major non-intoxicating component of Cannabis sativa L., exhibits antipsychotic and neuroprotective properties. We recently reported the effects of CBD on cognition in male offspring of a maternal immune activation (polyinosinic-polycytidilic acid (poly I:C)) model relevant to the aetiology of schizophrenia; however, the effects of CBD treatment in females are unknown. Sex differences are observed in the onset of schizophrenia symptoms and response to APD treatment. Furthermore, the endogenous cannabinoid system, a direct target of CBD, is sexually dimorphic in humans and rodents. Therefore, the present work aimed to assess the therapeutic impact of CBD treatment on behaviour and neurochemical signalling markers in female poly I:C offspring. Time-mated pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 16) were administered poly I:C (4 mg/kg; i.v.) or saline (control) on gestational day 15. From postnatal day 56, female offspring received CBD (10 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle treatment for approximately 3 weeks. Following 2 weeks of CBD treatment, offspring underwent behavioural testing, including the novel object recognition, rewarded alternation T-maze and social interaction tests to assess recognition memory, working memory and sociability, respectively. After 3 weeks of CBD treatment, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HPC) were collected to assess effects on endocannabinoid, glutamatergic and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signalling markers. CBD attenuated poly I:C-induced deficits in recognition memory, social interaction and glutamatergic N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) binding in the PFC of poly I:C offspring. Working memory performance was similar between treatment groups. CBD also increased glutamate decarboxylase 67, the rate-limiting enzyme that converts glutamate to GABA, and parvalbumin protein levels in the HPC. In contrast to the CBD treatment effects observed in poly I:C offspring, CBD administration to control rats reduced social interaction, cannabinoid CB1 receptor and NMDAR binding density in the PFC, suggesting that CBD administration to healthy rats may have negative consequences on social behaviour and brain maturation in adulthood. Overall, the findings of this study support the therapeutic benefits of CBD on recognition memory and sociability in female poly I:C offspring, and provide insight into the neurochemical changes that may underlie the therapeutic benefits of CBD in the poly I:C model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh L Osborne
- Neuropharmacology and Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Centre for Translational Neuroscience, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Molecular Horizons, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Nadia Solowij
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Ilijana Babic
- Neuropharmacology and Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Centre for Translational Neuroscience, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Molecular Horizons, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Illawarra and Shoalhaven Local Health District, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Jeremy S Lum
- Neuropharmacology and Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Centre for Translational Neuroscience, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Molecular Horizons, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- Centre for Translational Neuroscience, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Molecular Horizons, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Kelly A Newell
- Neuropharmacology and Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Centre for Translational Neuroscience, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Molecular Horizons, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Katrina Weston-Green
- Neuropharmacology and Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Centre for Translational Neuroscience, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Molecular Horizons, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.
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Wang D, Dong X, Wang B, Liu Y, Li S. Geraniin Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Mice by Inhibiting Toll-Like Receptor 4 Activation. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:10079-10088. [PMID: 31461286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Geraniin has been reported to possess potent anti-inflammatory properties and to modulate the macrophage polarization. This study sought to evaluate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of geraniin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation and neurobiological alternations as well as cognitive impairment. Daily intragastrical administration with geraniin (20 mg kg-1 day-1) for 14 days significantly prolonged the duration in the target quadrant (26.53 ± 2.03 versus 37.09 ± 3.27%; p < 0.05) and increased crossing-target number (1.93 ± 0.22 versus 3.08 ± 0.17; p < 0.01) in the probe test of LPS-treated mice. Geraniin also ameliorated LPS-elicited neural/synaptic impairments and decreased levels of LPS-induced Aβ generation (p < 0.05), amyloid precursor protein (APP) (p < 0.05) and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleavage enzyme 1 (BACE1) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, geraniin suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) (9.85 ± 0.58 versus 5.20 ± 0.52 pg/mg of protein; p < 0.01), interleukin (IL)-1β (16.31 ± 0.67 versus 8.62 ± 0.46 pg/mg of protein; p < 0.01), and IL-6 (12.12 ± 0.45 versus 7.43 ± 0.32 pg/mg of protein; p < 0.05), and inhibited glial cell activation. Moreover, geraniin effectively polarized the microglia toward an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Further study revealed that geraniin targeted toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated signaling and decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in BV-2 microglial cells. These results indicate that geraniin mitigates LPS-elicited neural/synaptic neurodegeneration, amyloidogenesis, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment and suggest geraniin as a therapeutic option for neuroinflammation-associated neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Lyall LM, Cullen B, Lyall DM, Leighton SP, Siebert S, Smith DJ, Cavanagh J. The associations between self-reported depression, self-reported chronic inflammatory conditions and cognitive abilities in UK Biobank. Eur Psychiatry 2019; 60:63-70. [PMID: 31158611 PMCID: PMC6669333 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Depression and chronic inflammatory medical conditions have been linked to impaired cognitive ability. However despite frequent comorbidity, their combined association with cognitive ability has rarely been examined. Methods This study examined associations between self-reported depression and chronic inflammatory diseases and their interaction with cognitive performance in 456,748 participants of the UK Biobank, adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Numbers with available data ranged from 94,899 to 453,208 depending on the cognitive test. Results Self-reported depression was associated with poorer performance compared to controls in several cognitive tests (fully adjusted models, reaction time: B = 6.08, 95% CI = 5.09, 7.07; pairs matching: incidence rate ratio = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.02, 1.03; Trail Making Test B: B = 1.37, 95% CI = 0.88, 1.87; Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST): B = −0.35, 95% CI = −0.44, −0.27). Self-reported chronic inflammatory conditions were associated with slower reaction time (B = 3.79, 95% CI = 2.81, 4.78) and lower DSST scores (B = −0.21, 95% CI = −0.30, −0.13). No interaction effects were observed. Discussion In this large, population-based study we provide evidence of lower cognitive performance in both depression and a comprehensive category of chronic inflammatory conditions. Results are consistent with additive effects of both types of disorder on cognitive ability. Clinicians should be aware of such effects, particularly as cognitive impairment is linked to poorer disease outcomes and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Lyall
- Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RZ, UK.
| | - Breda Cullen
- Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RZ, UK
| | - Donald M Lyall
- Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RZ, UK
| | - Samuel P Leighton
- Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RZ, UK
| | - Stefan Siebert
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Daniel J Smith
- Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RZ, UK
| | - Jonathan Cavanagh
- Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RZ, UK
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-related cognitive impairment is an important complication in cancer patients, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Over the last decade, the field of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes has been dramatically changed by the discovery of new neuronal autoantibodies, some of them associated with cognitive impairment. We aimed to assess the prevalence of neuronal autoantibodies in melanoma patients and their association with neurological and cognitive dysfunction. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 157 consecutive melanoma patients with a median age of 63 years were recruited at the Department of Dermatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and tested for neuronal autoantibodies. A comprehensive neuropsychological assessment was carried out in a selected subgroup of 84 patients after exclusion of patients with confounding factors for a cognitive dysfunction, including brain metastases, relevant medication, and neurological disorders. RESULTS Neuronal autoantibodies were found in 22.3% of melanoma patients. The most frequent antibodies were IgA/IgM anti-NMDAR antibodies. Applying the International Cognition and Cancer Task Force criteria, 36.9% had cognitive impairment, however, with a threefold higher odds in antibody-positive compared with antibody-negative patients (57.1% versus 30.2%, OR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.1 to 8.6; P = 0.037). In patients with anti-NMDAR antibodies, this impairment increased with higher antibody titers (P = 0.007). Antibody-positive patients had a significantly impaired overall cognitive performance (z-value: -0.38 ± 0.69 versus 0.00 ± 0.56; P = 0.014) as well as significant impairments in tests of memory, attention, and executive function. In a multiple linear regression analysis, autoantibodies were an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment (B = -0.282; 95% CI: -0.492 to -0.071; P = 0.009). Autoantibody seropositivity was associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment and a history of autoimmune diseases. CONCLUSIONS A large number of melanoma patients harbor neuronal autoantibodies that are associated with significant cognitive impairment affecting memory, attention, and executive function. Neuronal autoantibodies might represent a pathophysiological factor and possible biomarker in the development of cancer-related cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bartels
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin; Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin
| | - T Strönisch
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin; Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin
| | - K Farmer
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin; Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin
| | - K Rentzsch
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, Euroimmun AG, Lübeck
| | - F Kiecker
- Department of Dermatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Finke
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin; Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin.
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Ward R, Li W, Abdul Y, Jackson L, Dong G, Jamil S, Filosa J, Fagan SC, Ergul A. NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition with MCC950 improves diabetes-mediated cognitive impairment and vasoneuronal remodeling after ischemia. Pharmacol Res 2019; 142:237-250. [PMID: 30818045 PMCID: PMC6486792 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes increases the risk and worsens the progression of cognitive impairment via the greater occurrence of small vessel disease and stroke. Yet, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. It is now accepted that cardiovascular health is critical for brain health and any neurorestorative approaches to prevent/delay cognitive deficits should target the conceptual neurovascular unit (NVU) rather than neurons alone. We have recently shown that there is augmented hippocampal NVU remodeling after a remote ischemic injury in diabetes. NLRP3 inflammasome signaling has been implicated in the development of diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases, but little is known about the impact of NLRP3 activation on functional and structural interaction within the NVU of hippocampus, a critical part of the brain that is involved in forming, organizing, and storing memories. Endothelial cells are at the center of the NVU and produce trophic factors such as brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) contributing to neuronal survival, known as vasotrophic coupling. Therefore, the aims of this study focused on two hypotheses: 1) diabetes negatively impacts hippocampal NVU remodeling and worsens cognitive outcome after stroke, and 2) NLRP3 inhibition with MCC950 will improve NVU remodeling and cognitive outcome following stroke via vasotrophic (un)coupling between endothelial cells and hippocampal neurons. Stroke was induced through a 90-min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in control and high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced (HFD/STZ) diabetic male Wistar rats. Saline or MCC950 (3 mg/kg), an inhibitor of NLRP3, was injected at 1 and 3 h after reperfusion. Cognition was assessed over time and neuronal density, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability as well as NVU remodeling (aquaporin-4 [AQP4] polarity) was measured on day 14 after stroke. BDNF was measured in endothelial and hippocampal neuronal cultures under hypoxic and diabetes-mimicking condition with and without NLRP3 inhibition. Diabetes increased neuronal degeneration and BBB permeability, disrupted AQP4 polarity, impaired cognitive function and amplified NLRP3 activation after ischemia. Inhibition with MCC950 improved cognitive function and vascular integrity after stroke in diabetic animals and prevented hypoxia-mediated decrease in BDNF secretion. These results are the first to provide essential data showing MCC950 has the potential to become a therapeutic to prevent neurovascular remodeling and worsened cognitive decline in diabetic patients following stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ward
- Departments of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Weiguo Li
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Yasir Abdul
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - LaDonya Jackson
- Center for Pharmacy and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Guangkuo Dong
- Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Sarah Jamil
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Jessica Filosa
- Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Susan C Fagan
- Center for Pharmacy and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Adviye Ergul
- Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States; Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
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Logmin K, Moldovan AS, Elben S, Schnitzler A, Groiss SJ. Intravenous immunoglobulins as first-line therapy for IgLON5 encephalopathy. J Neurol 2019; 266:1031-1033. [PMID: 30737575 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09221-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Logmin
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A S Moldovan
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S Elben
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A Schnitzler
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S J Groiss
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Sargent L, Nalls M, Starkweather A, Hobgood S, Thompson H, Amella EJ, Singleton A. Shared biological pathways for frailty and cognitive impairment: A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 47:149-158. [PMID: 30102995 PMCID: PMC6376483 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lana Sargent
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Virginia Commonwealth University School of Nursing, Richmond, VA, USA; Medical University of South Carolina School of Nursing, Charleston, NC, USA.
| | - Mike Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA
| | | | - Sarah Hobgood
- Virginia Commonwealth School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Holly Thompson
- National Institutes of Health Library, Division of Library Services, Office of Research Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elaine J Amella
- Medical University of South Carolina School of Nursing, Charleston, NC, USA
| | - Andrew Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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He P, Yan S, Zheng J, Gao Y, Zhang S, Liu Z, Liu X, Xiao C. Eriodictyol Attenuates LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation, Amyloidogenesis, and Cognitive Impairments via the Inhibition of NF-κB in Male C57BL/6J Mice and BV2 Microglial Cells. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:10205-10214. [PMID: 30208700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Eriodictyol, a natural flavonoid mainly distributed in citrus fruits and peanut, has been well-documented with possession of excellent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer bioactivities. This work focus on the protective effects of eriodictyol on LPS-induced neuroinflammation, amyloidogenesis, cognitive impairment, and the potential mechanisms involved. Behavioral tests and histological examinations showed that eriodictyol significantly prevented the memory and neuronal damage triggered by LPS. Consistently, eriodictyol (100 mg/kg) reduced the formation of Aβ1-42 by 28.37 ± 16.71 pg/mL compared to the LPS group. In addition, high dose eriodictyol (100 mg/kg) also equilibrated the cholinergic system via suppressing AChE activity (0.1996 ± 0.0831 U/mgprot) and elevating ChAT activity (41.81 ± 24.72 U/g) as well as ACh level (5.093 ± 3.531 μg/mgprot) compared to the LPS group. Western blot results indicated that compared to the LPS group, eriodictyol suppressed LPS-induced glial overactivation (84.29% ± 27.21%) and regulated inflammatory mediators and cytokines by inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK pathways. These results indicated that eriodictyol alleviated amyloidogenesis and memory impairment triggered by LPS via inhibiting TLR4, MAPKs, and PI3K/Akt, and activating Sirt1 pathways and thus blocking downstream translocation of NF-κB, which offers a potential nutritional preventive strategy for neuroinflammation diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandi He
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
| | - Shikai Yan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
| | - Jiaojiao Zheng
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
| | - Yuxing Gao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
| | - Shuhan Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
| | - Chunxia Xiao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , China
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Duarte-García A, Romero-Díaz J, Juárez S, Cicero-Casarrubias A, Fragoso-Loyo H, Núñez-Alvarez C, Llorente L, Sánchez-Guerrero J. Disease activity, autoantibodies, and inflammatory molecules in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Cognitive Dysfunction. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196487. [PMID: 29723220 PMCID: PMC5933704 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine if cognitive dysfunction in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) derives from an inflammatory process with continuing disease activity, and increased levels of autoantibodies and inflammatory molecules in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Methods 100 randomly selected patients participating in an inception SLE cohort were studied. At entry into the cohort, a standardized medical history and extensive laboratory tests profile, including autoantibodies were completed. Follow-up occurred every 3–6 months with assessment of lupus characteristics, comorbidities, and treatment. After a mean follow-up of six-years, cross-sectional evaluation of cognitive function was done with standardized tests, and in a subset of patients an extended profile of autoantibodies, cytokines and chemokines was measured in serum and CSF. Results At enrollment into the cohort, patients were 26.4±8.2 years of age and lupus duration 5.3±3.7 months. Moderate/severe cognitive dysfunction was diagnosed in 16 patients; in comparison to patients with normal cognitive function, they had lower education 9 vs. 12 years (P = 0.006), higher body mass index 26.7 vs. 24.3 (P = 0.03), positive IgG anticardiolipin antibodies 50% vs 18% (P = 0.009), and a higher median number of concomitant NPSLE syndromes 3 vs. 1, (P = 0.04). The prevalence of cardiovascular-risk factors, other auto-antibodies, lupus activity, treatment, and incidence of critical events did not differ. In serum and CSF, the levels of autoantibodies, cytokines and chemokine were similar, only CCL2 was elevated in CSF [886.1 (374.9–1439.7) vs. 515.8 (3.2–1958.2) pg/mL, P = 0.04]. Conclusion Scant evidence of inflammation in SLE patients with cognitive dysfunction was observed. Only a higher prevalence of IgG anticardiolipin antibodies in serum and increased levels of CCL2 in CSF were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alí Duarte-García
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology,Mayo Clinic. Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic. Rochester, Minnesota United States of America
| | - Juanita Romero-Díaz
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, México
| | - Sandra Juárez
- Department of Neurology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, México
| | - Alba Cicero-Casarrubias
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, México
| | - Hilda Fragoso-Loyo
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, México
| | - Carlos Núñez-Alvarez
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, México
| | - Luis Llorente
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, México
| | - Jorge Sánchez-Guerrero
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology. Mount Sinai Hospital and University Health Network. Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Ginsberg SD, Alldred MJ, Gunnam SM, Schiroli C, Lee SH, Morgello S, Fischer T. Expression profiling suggests microglial impairment in human immunodeficiency virus neuropathogenesis. Ann Neurol 2018; 83:406-417. [PMID: 29369399 PMCID: PMC5822676 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE CD16+ /CD163+ macrophages (MΦs) and microglia accumulate in the brains of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalitis (HIVE), a neuropathological correlate of the most severe form of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, HIV-associated dementia. Recently, we found that some parenchymal microglia in brain of HIV+ subjects without encephalitis (HIV/noE) but with varying degrees of neurocognitive impairment express CD16 and CD163, even in the absence of detectable virus production. To further our understanding of microglial activation in HIV, we investigated expression of specific genes by profiling parenchymal microglia from archival brain tissue of patients with HIVE and HIV/noE, and HIV- controls. METHODS Single-population microarray analyses were performed on ∼2,500 laser capture microdissected CD163+ , CD16+ , or CD68+ MΦs/microglia per case, using terminal continuation RNA amplification and a custom-designed array platform. RESULTS Several classes of microglial transcripts in HIVE and HIV/noE were altered, relative to HIV- subjects, including factors related to cell stress, immune activation, and apoptosis. Additionally, several neurotrophic factors were reduced in HIV infection, suggesting an additional mechanism of neuropathogenesis. The majority of transcripts altered in HIVE displayed intermediate changes in HIV/noE. INTERPRETATION Our results support the notion that microglia contribute to the maintenance of brain homeostasis and their potential loss of function in the context of chronic inflammation contributes to neuropathogenesis. Furthermore, they indicate the utility of profiling MΦs/microglia to increase our understanding of microglia function, as well as to ascertain alterations in specific pathways, genes, and potentially, encoded proteins that may be amenable to targeted treatment modalities in diseases affecting the brain. Ann Neurol 2018;83:406-417.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D. Ginsberg
- Center for Dementia Research, Orangeburg, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
- NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Melissa J. Alldred
- Center for Dementia Research, Orangeburg, NY
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Satya M. Gunnam
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Consuelo Schiroli
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sang Han Lee
- Division of Medical Physics, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY
| | - Susan Morgello
- Departments of Neurology, Pathology and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Tracy Fischer
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neurovirology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Scuderi C, Bronzuoli MR, Facchinetti R, Pace L, Ferraro L, Broad KD, Serviddio G, Bellanti F, Palombelli G, Carpinelli G, Canese R, Gaetani S, Steardo L, Steardo L, Cassano T. Ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide rescues learning and memory impairments in a triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease by exerting anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:32. [PMID: 29382825 PMCID: PMC5802581 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-017-0076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In an aging society, Alzheimer's disease (AD) exerts an increasingly serious health and economic burden. Current treatments provide inadequate symptomatic relief as several distinct pathological processes are thought to underlie the decline of cognitive and neural function seen in AD. This suggests that the efficacy of treatment requires a multitargeted approach. In this context, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) provides a novel potential adjunct therapy that can be incorporated into a multitargeted treatment strategy. We used young (6-month-old) and adult (12-month-old) 3×Tg-AD mice that received ultramicronized PEA (um-PEA) for 3 months via a subcutaneous delivery system. Mice were tested with a range of cognitive and noncognitive tasks, scanned with magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRI/MRS), and neurochemical release was assessed by microdialysis. Potential neuropathological mechanisms were assessed postmortem by western blot, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and immunofluorescence. Our data demonstrate that um-PEA improves learning and memory, and ameliorates both the depressive and anhedonia-like phenotype of 3×Tg-AD mice. Moreover, it reduces Aβ formation, the phosphorylation of tau proteins, and promotes neuronal survival in the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus. Finally, um-PEA normalizes astrocytic function, rebalances glutamatergic transmission, and restrains neuroinflammation. The efficacy of um-PEA is particularly potent in younger mice, suggesting its potential as an early treatment. These data demonstrate that um-PEA is a novel and effective promising treatment for AD with the potential to be integrated into a multitargeted treatment strategy in combination with other drugs. Um-PEA is already registered for human use. This, in combination with our data, suggests the potential to rapidly proceed to clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Scuderi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosanna Bronzuoli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Facchinetti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pace
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luca Ferraro
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Kevin Donald Broad
- UCL Institute of Opthalmology, University College, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianmauro Palombelli
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Carpinelli
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Canese
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvana Gaetani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Steardo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Steardo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Power C. Neurologic disease in feline immunodeficiency virus infection: disease mechanisms and therapeutic interventions for NeuroAIDS. J Neurovirol 2017; 24:220-228. [PMID: 29247305 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-017-0593-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a lentivirus that causes immunosuppression through virus-mediated CD4+ T cell depletion in feline species. FIV infection is complicated by virus-induced disease in the nervous system. FIV enters the brain soon after primary infection and is detected as FIV-encoded RNA, DNA, and proteins in microglia, macrophages, and astrocytes. FIV infection activates neuroinflammatory pathways including cytokines, chemokines, proteases, and ROS with accompanying neuronal injury and loss. Neurobehavioral deficits during FIV infection are manifested as impaired motor and cognitive functions. Several treatment strategies have emerged from studies of FIV neuropathogenesis including the therapeutic benefits of antiretroviral therapies, other protease inhibitors, anti-inflammatory, and neurotrophic compounds. Recently, insulin's antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects were investigated in models of lentivirus brain infection. Insulin suppressed HIV-1 replication in human microglia as well as FIV replication of lymphocytes. Insulin treatment diminished cytokine and chemokine activation in HIV-infected microglia while also protecting neurons from HIV-1 Vpr protein-mediated neurotoxicity. Intranasal (IN) insulin delivery for 6 weeks suppressed FIV expression in the brains of treated cats. IN insulin also reduced neuroinflammation and protected neurons in the hippocampus, striatum, and neocortex of FIV-infected animals. These morphological and molecular effects of IN insulin were confirmed by neurobehavioral studies that showed IN insulin-treated FIV-infected animals displayed improved motor and cognitive performance compared to sham-treated FIV-infected animals. Thus, FIV infection of the nervous system provides a valuable comparative in vivo model for discovering and evaluating disease mechanisms as well as developing therapeutic strategies for NeuroAIDS in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Power
- Department of Medicine (Neurology) and the Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, HMRC 6-11, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Beck SE, Queen SE, Metcalf Pate KA, Mangus LM, Abreu CM, Gama L, Witwer KW, Adams RJ, Zink MC, Clements JE, Mankowski JL. An SIV/macaque model targeted to study HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. J Neurovirol 2017; 24:204-212. [PMID: 28975505 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-017-0582-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of pigtailed macaques is a highly representative and well-characterized animal model for HIV neuropathogenesis studies that provides an excellent opportunity to study and develop prognostic markers of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) for HIV-infected individuals. SIV studies can be performed in a controlled setting that enhances reproducibility and offers high-translational value. Similar to observations in HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), ongoing neurodegeneration and inflammation are present in SIV-infected pigtailed macaques treated with suppressive ART. By developing quantitative viral outgrowth assays that measure both CD4+ T cells and macrophages harboring replication competent SIV as well as a highly sensitive mouse-based viral outgrowth assay, we have positioned the SIV/pigtailed macaque model to advance our understanding of latent cellular reservoirs, including potential CNS reservoirs, to promote HIV cure. In addition to contributing to our understanding of the pathogenesis of HAND, the SIV/pigtailed macaque model also provides an excellent opportunity to test innovative approaches to eliminate the latent HIV reservoir in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Beck
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Suzanne E Queen
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Kelly A Metcalf Pate
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Lisa M Mangus
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Celina M Abreu
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Lucio Gama
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Kenneth W Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Robert J Adams
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - M Christine Zink
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Janice E Clements
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Joseph L Mankowski
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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Valdiglesias V, Sánchez-Flores M, Maseda A, Lorenzo-López L, Marcos-Pérez D, López-Cortón A, Strasser B, Fuchs D, Laffon B, Millán-Calenti JC, Pásaro E. Immune biomarkers in older adults: Role of physical activity. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2017; 80:605-620. [PMID: 28524767 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1286898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with a decline in the normal functioning of the immune system. Several studies described the relationship between immunological alterations, including immunosenescence and inflammation, and aging or age-related outcomes, such as sarcopenia, depression, and neurodegenerative disorders. Physical activity is known to improve muscle function and to exert a number of benefits on older adult health, including reduced risk for heart and metabolic system chronic diseases. However, the positive influence of physical activity on the immune system has not been elucidated. In order to shed light on the role of physical activity in immune responses of older individuals, a number of immunological parameters comprising % lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, and CD16+56+) and serum levels of neopterin and tryptophan metabolism products were evaluated in peripheral blood samples of older adults performing normal (N = 170) or reduced (N = 89) physical activity. In addition, the potential influence of other clinical and epidemiological factors was also considered. Results showed that subjects with reduced physical activity displayed significantly higher levels of CD4+/CD8+ ratio, kynurenine/tryptophan ratio, and serum neopterin, along with lower %CD19+ cells and tryptophan concentrations. Further, some immunological biomarkers were associated with cognitive impairment and functional status. These data contribute to reinforce the postulation that physical activity supports healthy aging, particularly by helping to protect the immunological system from aging-related changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Valdiglesias
- a Universidade da Coruña, DICOMOSA Group , Department of Psychology, Area of Psychobiology , A Coruña , Spain
| | - María Sánchez-Flores
- a Universidade da Coruña, DICOMOSA Group , Department of Psychology, Area of Psychobiology , A Coruña , Spain
- b Universidade da Coruña , Department of Cell and Molecular Biology , A Coruña , Spain
| | - Ana Maseda
- c Universidade da Coruña, Gerontology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), SERGAS , A Coruña , Spain
| | - Laura Lorenzo-López
- c Universidade da Coruña, Gerontology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), SERGAS , A Coruña , Spain
| | - Diego Marcos-Pérez
- a Universidade da Coruña, DICOMOSA Group , Department of Psychology, Area of Psychobiology , A Coruña , Spain
- b Universidade da Coruña , Department of Cell and Molecular Biology , A Coruña , Spain
| | - Ana López-Cortón
- a Universidade da Coruña, DICOMOSA Group , Department of Psychology, Area of Psychobiology , A Coruña , Spain
| | | | - Dietmar Fuchs
- d Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Blanca Laffon
- a Universidade da Coruña, DICOMOSA Group , Department of Psychology, Area of Psychobiology , A Coruña , Spain
| | - José C Millán-Calenti
- c Universidade da Coruña, Gerontology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), SERGAS , A Coruña , Spain
| | - Eduardo Pásaro
- a Universidade da Coruña, DICOMOSA Group , Department of Psychology, Area of Psychobiology , A Coruña , Spain
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Johansson P, Almqvist EG, Wallin A, Johansson JO, Andreasson U, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Svensson J. Reduced cerebrospinal fluid concentration of interleukin-12/23 subunit p40 in patients with cognitive impairment. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176760. [PMID: 28464009 PMCID: PMC5413050 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of inflammation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other cognitive disorders is unclear. In a well-defined mono-center population, we measured cytokines and chemokines in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. Methods Consecutive patients with AD (n = 30), stable mild cognitive impairment (SMCI, n = 11), other dementias (n = 11), and healthy controls (n = 18) were included. None of the subjects was treated with glucocorticoids, cholinesterase inhibitors, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Serum and CSF concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL-12/23 p40, IL-15, IL-16, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), and three chemokines were measured using a multiplex panel. Results After correction for multiple comparisons, only CSF IL-12/23 p40 concentration differed significantly between the total patient group (n = 52) and controls (n = 18; p = 0.002). Further analyses showed that CSF IL-12/23 p40 concentration was decreased in all patient subgroups (AD, other dementias, and SMCI) compared to healthy controls (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, and p < 0.05, respectively). In the total study population (n = 70), CSF IL-12/23 p40 concentrations correlated positively with CSF concentrations of β-amyloid1-42 (Aβ1–42) and phosphorylated tau protein (P-tau) whereas in AD patients (n = 30), CSF IL-12/23 p40 only correlated positively with CSF P-Tau (r = 0.46, p = 0.01). Conclusions Most cytokines and chemokines were similar in patients and controls, but CSF IL-12/23 subunit p40 concentration was decreased in patients with cognitive impairment, and correlated with markers of AD disease status. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role of CSF IL-12/23 p40 in other dementias and SMCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Johansson
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Skaraborg Central Hospital, Falköping, Sweden
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik G. Almqvist
- Department of Endocrinology, Skaraborg Central Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Anders Wallin
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Jan-Ove Johansson
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulf Andreasson
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Johan Svensson
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Skaraborg Central Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Harrison JD, Dochney JA, Blazekovic S, Leone F, Metzger D, Frank I, Gross R, Hole A, Mounzer K, Siegel S, Schnoll RA, Ashare RL. The nature and consequences of cognitive deficits among tobacco smokers with HIV: a comparison to tobacco smokers without HIV. J Neurovirol 2017; 23:550-557. [PMID: 28429289 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-017-0526-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
HIV-infected smokers lose more years of life to tobacco-related disease than HIV. Since neurocognitive deficits are common among those with HIV and are associated with smoking persistence, these deficits may be a unique barrier to smoking cessation among HIV-infected smokers. Documenting unique differences in and correlates of cognition among HIV-infected smokers is a critical step towards developing a population-specific tobacco cessation treatment. We compared neurocognitive function between HIV-infected (n = 103) and HIV-uninfected smokers (n = 70), accounting for demographic and smoking-related variables. We also evaluated whether HIV-related health outcomes (e.g., CD4 count, viral load, depression ratings, quality of life [QoL]) and HAART adherence were associated with cognition. Participants completed neurocognitive tasks (N-back and Continuous Performance Task [CPT]) measuring working memory, attention, and processing speed, and intra-individual variability. Stepwise regression models were conducted and validated with resampling techniques. HIV-infected smokers performed worse than HIV-uninfected smokers on working memory, processing speed, and intra-individual variability (all p < 0.01). ROC analysis for the model including cognitive measures demonstrated 85% area under the curve, which indicates "good prediction" for distinguishing between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected smokers. This was a significant improvement over the model including demographic and smoking-related variables only (p = 0.0003). Among HIV-infected smokers, neurocognitive performance was negatively associated with QoL and depression ratings. Smoking cessation interventions for HIV-infected smokers should consider cognitive neurorehabilitation as a potential strategy to decrease the likelihood of nicotine relapse and decrease tobacco-related morbidity in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Harrison
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3535 Market Street, Suite 4100, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jessica A Dochney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3535 Market Street, Suite 4100, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sonja Blazekovic
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3535 Market Street, Suite 4100, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Frank Leone
- Pulmonary, Allergy, & Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania Presbyterian Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Metzger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3535 Market Street, Suite 4100, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ian Frank
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert Gross
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anita Hole
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3535 Market Street, Suite 4100, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | - Steven Siegel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert A Schnoll
- Department of Psychiatry and Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvani, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca L Ashare
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3535 Market Street, Suite 4100, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Zhu D, Yang N, Liu YY, Zheng J, Ji C, Zuo PP. M2 Macrophage Transplantation Ameliorates Cognitive Dysfunction in Amyloid-β-Treated Rats Through Regulation of Microglial Polarization. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 52:483-95. [PMID: 27003214 DOI: 10.3233/jad-151090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly population. Neuroinflammation induced by amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation is considered to be the critical factor underlying AD pathological mechanisms. Alternatively activated (M2) macrophages/microglia have been reported to have neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative disease. In this study, we characterized the neuroprotective effects of M2 macrophage transplantation in AD model rats and investigated the underlying mechanisms. Intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ1 - 42 to rats was used to model AD and resulted in cognitive impairment, neuronal damage, and inflammatory changes in the brain microenvironment. We observed an increased interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 5/IRF4 ratio, resulting in greater production of classically activated (M1) versus M2 microglia. M2 macrophage transplantation attenuated inflammation in the brain, reversed Aβ1 - 42-induced changes in the IRF4-IRF5 ratio, drove endogenous microglial polarization toward the M2 phenotype, and ameliorated cognitive impairment. Nerve growth factor (NGF) treatment reduced the IRF5/IRF4 ratio and induced primary microglial polarization to the M2 phenotype in vitro; these effects were prevented by tyrosine Kinase Receptor A (TrkA) inhibition. M2 macrophage transplantation restored the balance of IRF4-IRF5 by affecting the expression of NGF and inflammatory cytokines in the brains of AD model rats. This drove microglial polarization to the M2 phenotype, promoted termination of neuroinflammation, and resulted in improved cognitive abilities.
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Lemus HN, Warrington AE, Denic A, Wootla B, Rodriguez M. Treatment with a recombinant human IgM that recognizes PSA-NCAM preserves brain pathology in MOG-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Hum Antibodies 2017; 25:121-129. [PMID: 28269761 DOI: 10.3233/hab-170313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A single peripheral dose of CNS-binding IgMs promote remyelination and preserve axons in a number of animal models of neurologic disease. A myelin-binding recombinant human IgM (rHIgM22) is presently in a safety trial in MS patients following an acute MS exacerbation. rHIgM22 (directed against oligodendrocytes) or rHIgM12 (directed against neurons) were administered to mice with MOG-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) with study endpoints: clinical deficits and brain and spinal cord pathology. IgMs were administered at a therapeutic dose of 100 μ g intra peritoneal at the time of immunization (day -1, 0, +$1), disease onset (15 days) or peak of the disease (28 days). Disease course was not worsened by either human IgM regardless of the time of treatment. Of note, the human IgM that recognizes a carbohydrate epitope on gangliosides and NCAM, rHIgM12, reduced brain pathology when given at time of immunization or at onset of disease, but did not reduce clinical deficits or spinal cord disease burden. Hence, treatment with rHIgM12 resulted in marked reduction in meningeal inflammation. Data consistent with the hypothesis that in the EAE model this molecule has an immune-modulatory effect. Treatment with an anti-CD4 blocking IgG prevented both clinical course and CNS pathology. This pre-clinical study further supports the safety of therapeutic CNS-binding human IgMs in the presence of autoimmunity and clearly differentiates them from IgGs directed against MOG or aquaporin-4 that worsen neurologic disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/immunology
- Brain/pathology
- Cognitive Dysfunction/chemically induced
- Cognitive Dysfunction/drug therapy
- Cognitive Dysfunction/immunology
- Cognitive Dysfunction/pathology
- Demyelinating Diseases/chemically induced
- Demyelinating Diseases/drug therapy
- Demyelinating Diseases/immunology
- Demyelinating Diseases/pathology
- Drug Administration Schedule
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/chemically induced
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/drug therapy
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Female
- Freund's Adjuvant/administration & dosage
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin M/pharmacology
- Immunologic Factors/pharmacology
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Myelin Sheath/drug effects
- Myelin Sheath/immunology
- Myelin Sheath/pathology
- Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/administration & dosage
- Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1/immunology
- Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1/metabolism
- Neurons/drug effects
- Neurons/immunology
- Neurons/pathology
- Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology
- Oligodendroglia/drug effects
- Oligodendroglia/immunology
- Oligodendroglia/pathology
- Peptide Fragments/administration & dosage
- Protein Binding
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
- Sialic Acids/immunology
- Sialic Acids/metabolism
- Spinal Cord/drug effects
- Spinal Cord/immunology
- Spinal Cord/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bharath Wootla
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Moses Rodriguez
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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48
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Costa AS, Agostini S, Guerini FR, Mancuso R, Zanzottera M, Ripamonti E, Racca V, Nemni R, Clerici M. Modulation of Immune Responses to Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 by IFNL3 and IRF7 Polymorphisms: A Study in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 60:1055-1063. [PMID: 28984602 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has long been suspected to play a role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia. IFN-lambda (IFN-λ) is one of the key cytokine in innate antiviral defenses and, in particular, has an appreciable antiviral activity against HSV-1 infection. IFN-λ expression is regulated by the interaction between two different proteins: Mediator Complex 23 (MED23) and Interferon-Responsive Transcription Factor 7 (IRF7); single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genes as well as in IFNL3 were shown to be differently distributed in AD patients. In this study, allelic discrimination analysis for IFNL3 rs12979860, MED23 rs3756784, and IRF7 rs6598008, as well as IFN-λ serum concentration and anti-HSV-1 antibody (Ab) titers were performed in 79 AD patients, 57 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) individuals, and 81 healthy controls (HC) who were HSV-1-seropositive. Results showed that INF-λ serum concentration was increased in AD and MCI carrying the IFNL3 T allele compared to HC (AD versus HC: p = 0.014; MCI versus HC: p = 0.029), with the highest anti-HSV-1 Ab titers seen in AD patients carrying the IFNL3 CC genotype (p = 0.012 versus HC). Notably, anti-HSV-1 Ab titers were higher in AD and MCI individuals carrying the IRF7 AA genotype compared to HC (p = 0.018 for both). MED23 polymorphisms did not show any statistical association either with serum IFN-λ or with anti-HSV-1 Ab. Data herein suggest that the IFNL3 rs12979860 and IRF7 rs6598008 polymorphisms modulate immune responses against HSV-1 via their effect on the IFN-λ pathway. These results help to clarify the possible role of HSV-1 infection in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Vittorio Racca
- Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation - ONLUS, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaello Nemni
- Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation - ONLUS, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Clerici
- Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation - ONLUS, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
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Kimura A, Takemura M, Saito K, Yoshikura N, Hayashi Y, Harada N, Nishida H, Nakajima H, Inuzuka T. Comparison of cerebrospinal fluid profiles in Alzheimer's disease with multiple cerebral microbleeds and cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation. J Neurol 2016; 264:373-381. [PMID: 28000005 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-016-8362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) sometimes reveals multiple cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and confluent white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) similar to those observed in cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-I). To determine whether there might be common pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the MRI findings of multiple CMBs and confluent WMHs, we investigated the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profiles of 38 AD, five amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and six CAA-I patients. The AD and MCI patients were divided into groups of patients with (n = 10) or without (n = 33) multiple CMBs (n ≥ 2) on T2*-gradient echo sequences of brain MRI. We compared the CSF profiles of AD and MCI patients with or without multiple CMBs, and CAA-I patients. The brain MRIs of the patients with multiple CMBs revealed severe degrees of WMHs compared with the patients without multiple CMBs. The levels of CSF anti-amyloid β autoantibody and interleukin 8, and CSF/serum albumin ratios and immunoglobulin G indexes, were significantly higher in CAA-I patients than the other groups. However, there were no significant differences in the CSF profiles of patients with or without multiple CMBs. Our study provides evidence for different pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these differential MRI findings in AD and CAA-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Kimura
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Masao Takemura
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
- Advanced Diagnostic System Research Laboratory, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Saito
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Yoshikura
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hayashi
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Naoko Harada
- Neurology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishida
- Neurology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hideto Nakajima
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Takashi Inuzuka
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
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50
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Abstract
Cognitive impairment, an underappreciated consequence of hypertension, is linked to cerebral arteriolar disease through poorly defined mechanisms. A study by Faraco et al. in this issue of the JCI points to perturbations of neurovascular unit coupling caused by perivascular macrophages (PVMs) as a cause of hypertension-related cognitive impairment. Angiotensin II (Ang II) was shown to activate PVMs, causing them to produce superoxide and thereby alter the proper functioning of the adjacent arterioles. Faraco and colleagues also show that disruption of the blood-brain barrier occurs in hypertension, allowing circulating Ang II to access PVMs. This study provides important new insight into the role of inflammatory cells in the genesis of vascular dementia.
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