1
|
O’Malley C, McArdle P, Erxleben A. Formation of Salts and Molecular Ionic Cocrystals of Fluoroquinolones and α,ω-Dicarboxylic Acids. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2022; 22:3060-3071. [PMID: 35529070 PMCID: PMC9073931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.1c01509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The cocrystallization of the fluoroquinolones ciprofloxacin (cip), norfloxacin (nor), and enrofloxacin (enro) with the α,ω-dicarboxylic acids glutaric acid (glu), adipic acid (adi), pimelic acid (pim), suberic acid (sub), azeliac acid (az), and sebacic acid (seb) resulted in 27 new molecular salts and ternary molecular ionic cocrystals of compositions A+B-, A2 +B2-, A2 +B2-B, and A+B-A. Depending on the solvent, different stoichiomorphs, solvates, or polymorphs were obtained. All salts and cocrystals contain the robust R2NH2 +...-OOC or R3NH+...-OOC synthon but have different supramolecular ring motifs. Moderate solubility enhancements over the parent fluoroquinolones were observed. Salts in the ratio of 1:1 and 2:1 were also prepared by ball-milling. The milled sample nor/az (1:1) was shown to gel the GRAS (generally recognized as safe) solvent propylene glycol, and enro/sub (1:1) was shown to gel both propylene glycol and water. Dynamic rheology measurements confirmed that nor/az and enro/sub behave like viscoelastic materials and supramolecular gels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ciaran O’Malley
- School
of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway H91TK33, Ireland
| | - Patrick McArdle
- School
of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway H91TK33, Ireland
| | - Andrea Erxleben
- School
of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway H91TK33, Ireland
- Synthesis
and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Limerick V94T9PX, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang R, Hong Y, Wang Y, Zhao L, Shen L, Feng Y. The embodiment of the strategy of “using active chemicals as excipients” in compound preparation. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-021-00531-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
3
|
Nikookar H, Rashidi-Ranjbar P. A photoluminescent molecular host with aggregation-induced emission enhancement, multi-stimuli responsive properties and tunable photoluminescence host-guest interaction in the solid state. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.112106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
4
|
Ghosh D, Mulvee MT, Damodaran KK. Tuning Gel State Properties of Supramolecular Gels by Functional Group Modification. Molecules 2019; 24:E3472. [PMID: 31557821 PMCID: PMC6804314 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The factors affecting the self-assembly process in low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) were investigated by tuning the gelation properties of a well-known gelator N-(4-pyridyl)isonicotinamide (4PINA). The N-H∙∙∙N interactions responsible for gel formation in 4PINA were disrupted by altering the functional groups of 4PINA, which was achieved by modifying pyridyl moieties of the gelator to pyridyl N-oxides. We synthesized two mono-N-oxides (INO and PNO) and a di-N-oxide (diNO) and the gelation studies revealed selective gelation of diNO in water, but the two mono-N-oxides formed crystals. The mechanical strength and thermal stabilities of the gelators were evaluated by rheology and transition temperature (Tgel) experiments, respectively, and the analysis of the gel strength indicated that diNO formed weak gels compared to 4PINA. The SEM image of diNO xerogels showed fibrous microcrystalline networks compared to the efficient fibrous morphology in 4PINA. Single-crystal X-ray analysis of diNO gelator revealed that a hydrogen-bonded dimer interacts with adjacent dimers via C-H∙∙∙O interactions. The non-gelator with similar dimers interacted via C-H∙∙∙N interaction, which indicates the importance of specific non-bonding interactions in the formation of the gel network. The solvated forms of mono-N-oxides support the fact that these compounds prefer crystalline state rather than gelation due to the increased hydrophilic interactions. The reduced gelation ability (minimum gel concentration (MGC)) and thermal strength of diNO may be attributed to the weak intermolecular C-H∙∙∙O interaction compared to the strong and unidirectional N-H∙∙∙N interactions in 4PINA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland.
| | - Matthew T Mulvee
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
| | - Krishna K Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Roy R, Adalder TK, Dastidar P. Supramolecular Gels Derived from the Salts of Variously Substituted Phenylacetic Acid and Dicyclohexylamine: Design, Synthesis, Structures, and Dye Adsorption. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:552-559. [PMID: 29345067 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201701632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A well-studied supramolecular synthon, namely, secondary ammonium monocarboxylate (SAM), was exploited to generate a new series of organic salts derived from variously substituted phenylacetic acid and dicyclohexylamine as potential low-molecular-weight gelators. As much as 25 % of the SAM salts under study were gelators. The gels were characterized by rheology, and the morphology of the gel networks was studied by high-resolution electron microscopy. Single-crystal and powder XRD data were employed to study structure-property (gelation) correlations. One of the gels could adsorb a hydrophobic dye (Nile Red) more efficiently than that of a hydrophilic dye (Calcein) from dimethyl sulfoxide; this might provide useful clues towards the development of stain-removing gels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajdip Roy
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Adalder
- Department of Chemistry, Jhargram Raj College, Jhargram, 721507, West Bengal, India
| | - Parthasarathi Dastidar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Parveen R, Sravanthi B, Dastidar P. Rationally Developed Organic Salts of Tolfenamic Acid and Its β-Alanine Derivatives for Dual Purposes as an Anti-Inflammatory Topical Gel and Anticancer Agent. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:792-803. [PMID: 28150904 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A new series of primary ammonium monocarboxylate (PAM) salts of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), namely, tolfenamic acid (TA), and its β-alanine derivatives were generated. Nearly 67 % of the salts in the series showed gelling abilities with various solvents, including water (biogenic solvent) and methyl salicylate (typically used for topical gel formulations). Gels were characterized by rheology, electron microscopy, and so forth. Structure-property correlations based on single-crystal and powder XRD data of several gelator and nongelator salts revealed intriguing insights. Studies (in vitro) on an aggressive human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) with the l-tyrosine methyl ester salt of TA (S7) revealed that the hydrogelator salt was more effective at killing cancer cells than the mother drug TA (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay); displayed better anti-inflammatory activity compared with that of TA (prostaglandin E2 assay); could be internalized within the cancer cells, as revealed by fluorescence microscopy; and inhibited effectively migration of the cancer cells. Thus, the easily accessible ambidextrous gelator salt S7 can be used for two purposes: as an anti-inflammatory topical gel and as an anticancer agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rumana Parveen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A&2B Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India), Fax: (+91) 33-2473-2805
| | - Bommagani Sravanthi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A&2B Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India), Fax: (+91) 33-2473-2805
| | - Parthasarathi Dastidar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A&2B Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India), Fax: (+91) 33-2473-2805
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Parveen R, Dastidar P. Easy Access to Supramolecular Gels of the Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Diflunisal: Synthesis, Characterization, and Plausible Biomedical Applications. Chem Asian J 2015; 10:2427-36. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rumana Parveen
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; 2A & 2B Raja S.C. Mullick Road Kolkata- 700032 West Bengal India
| | - Parthasarathi Dastidar
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; 2A & 2B Raja S.C. Mullick Road Kolkata- 700032 West Bengal India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Šaman D, Kolehmainen E. Studies on supramolecular gel formation using DOSY NMR. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2015; 53:256-260. [PMID: 25631685 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present the results obtained from our studies on supramolecular self-assembly and molecular mobility of low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs) in organic solvents using pulsed field gradient (PFG) diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) NMR. A series of concentration-dependent DOSY NMR experiments were performed on selected LMWGs to determine the critical gelation concentration (CGC) as well as to understand the behaviour of the gelator molecules in the gel state. In addition, variable-temperature DOSY NMR experiments were performed to determine the gel-to-sol transition. The PFG NMR experiments performed as a function of gradient strength were further analyzed using monoexponential DOSY processing, and the results were compared with the automated Bayesian DOSY transformation to obtain 2D plots. Our results provide useful information on the stepwise self-assembly of small molecules leading to gelation. We believe that the results obtained from these experiments are applicable in determining the CGC and gel melting temperatures of supramolecular gels.
Collapse
|
9
|
Schön EM, Roelens S, Díaz DD. A DAC tartrate-based gelator system featuring markedly improved gelation properties: enhancing lifetime and functionality of gel networks. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce00397k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
10
|
Roy R, Deb J, Jana SS, Dastidar P. Exploiting supramolecular synthons in designing gelators derived from multiple drugs. Chemistry 2014; 20:15320-4. [PMID: 25319197 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A simple strategy for designing salt-based supramolecular gelators comprised of various nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and amantadine (AMN) (an antiviral drug) has been demonstrated using a supramolecular synthon approach. Single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction established the existence of the well-studied gel-forming 1D supramolecular synthon, namely, primary ammonium monocarboxylate (PAM) synthon in all the salts. Remarkably five out of six salts were found to be capable of gelling methyl salicylate (MS)-an important ingredient in commercially available topical gels; one such selected biocompatible salt displayed an anti-inflammatory response in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) assay, thereby indicating their plausible biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajdip Roy
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata - 700032, West Bengal (India), Fax: (+91) 33-2473-2805
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Weiss RG. The past, present, and future of molecular gels. What is the status of the field, and where is it going? J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:7519-30. [PMID: 24836858 DOI: 10.1021/ja503363v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 469] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A Perspective is presented on the history and current understanding of molecular gels and the factors that must be considered to characterize them. The abilities of the most important structural, dynamic, and rheological tools available currently to provide the information necessary to follow the formation of a molecular gel from its initial sol phase and then to define it at different distance and time scales are discussed. Approaches to determining a priori when a molecule will gelate a selected liquid, as well as possible methodologies for overcoming current limitations in understanding molecular gels, are presented. Finally, some of the many potential and realized applications for these materials are enumerated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard G Weiss
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University , Washington, D.C. 20057-1227, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
D'Anna F, Noto R. Di- and Tricationic Organic Salts: An Overview of Their Properties and Applications. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|