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Balestri LI, Beveridge J, Gising J, Odell LR. Synthesis of N-Alkenylated Heterocycles via T 3P-Promoted Condensation with Ketones. J Org Chem 2024; 89:11203-11214. [PMID: 39082249 PMCID: PMC11334184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a convenient protocol for the synthesis of N-alkenylated heterocycles using abundant ketone electrophiles and T3P as a water scavenger under microwave irradiation. The method can be applied to a diverse range of NH-heterocycles and ketones with good to excellent yields (up to 94%). This procedure is particularly attractive, as it is metal- and base-free, tolerates a variety of functional groups, and offers ease of product purification. The utility of the protocol was exemplified by synthesizing pharmaceutically relevant scaffolds containing the N-alkenyl motif and was further extended to a one-pot reductive amination sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Beveridge
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box-574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Gising
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box-574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Luke R. Odell
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box-574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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2
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Hirata G, Shimoharai Y, Shimada T, Nishikata T. Transition metal-free ether coupling and hydroamidation enabling the efficient synthesis of congested heterocycles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:3665-3668. [PMID: 35224595 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06871g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we discovered that α-bromocarboxamides react with alkynols containing tertiary alcohol moieties to produce congested ethers or heterocycles. Here, the etherification and hydroamidation reactions can be controlled by a suitable base. Both C-O and C-N bond formations occurred without a transition-metal catalyst. The stereospecific etherification and cyclization of diastereo-enriched α-bromocarboxamide afforded the corresponding diastereo-enriched ether and heterocyclic compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goki Hirata
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shimoharai
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan
| | - Taisei Shimada
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishikata
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan
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3
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Arabinogalactan propargyl ethers: Au-catalysed hydroamination by imidazols. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 246:116638. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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4
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Kang HJ, Lee JH, Kim DH, Cho CG. Imidazole-Selective Alkyne Hydroamination under Physiological Conditions. Org Lett 2020; 22:7588-7593. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Joon Kang
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Joon-Ho Lee
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Cheon-Gyu Cho
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
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5
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Anti-Markovnikov stereoselective hydroamination and hydrothiolation of (hetero)aromatic alkynes using a metal-free cyclic trimeric phosphazene base. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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6
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Liu W, Zeng R, Han Y, Wang Y, Tao H, Chen Y, Liu F, Liang Y. Computational and experimental investigation on the BCl3 promoted intramolecular amination of alkenes and alkynes. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2776-2783. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00264b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The BCl3 promoted aminoboration of alkenes and alkynes was investigated both computationally and experimentally, leading to the discovery of a metal-free hydroamination of alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Ruxin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Yingbin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Yajun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Huimin Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Sciences
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Yong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
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7
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Kozell V, Rahmani F, Piermatti O, Lanari D, Vaccaro L. A stereoselective organic base-catalyzed protocol for hydroamination of alkynes under solvent-free conditions. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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8
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Liu LD, Lei ZL, Wang H, Bian M, Liu ZJ, Liu JT, Hu XJ. Inorganic base-mediated stereoselective hydroamination of arylalkynes with imidazole: An efficient access to N -vinylimidazoles. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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9
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Zhou M, Tan X, Hu Y, Shen HC, Qian X. Highly Chemo- and Regioselective Vinylation of N-Heteroarenes with Vinylsulfonium Salts. J Org Chem 2018; 83:8627-8635. [PMID: 29799743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An efficient chemo- and regioselective N-vinylation of N-heteroarenes has been developed using vinylsulfonium salts. The reaction proceeded under mild and transition-metal-free conditions and consistently provided moderate to high yields of vinylation products with 100% E-stereoselectivity. This reaction is also highly chemoselective, and compatible with a variety of functional groups, such as -NHR, -NH2, -OH, -COOH, ester, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China.,Roche Innovation Center Shanghai , Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Xuefei Tan
- Roche Innovation Center Shanghai , Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Yimin Hu
- Roche Innovation Center Shanghai , Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Hong C Shen
- Roche Innovation Center Shanghai , Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development , Shanghai 201203 , China
| | - Xuhong Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
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10
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Abstract
Inter- or intramolecular hydroamination reactions are a paradigmatic example of modern sustainable organic chemistry, as they are a catalytic, 100% atom-economical, and waste-free process of fundamental simplicity in which an amine is added to an alkyne substrate. Many enamines are found in many natural and synthetic compounds possessing interesting physiological and biological activities. The development of synthetic protocols for such molecules and their transformation is a persistent research topic in pharmaceutical and organic chemistry. Hydroamination is conspicuously superior to the other accessible methods, such as the imination of ketones or the aminomercuration/demercuration of alkynes, that involve the stoichiometric use of toxic reagents. Additionally, the hydroamination of alkyne substrates has been successfully employed as a key step in synthesizing target molecules through total syntheses containing substituted indoles, pyrroles, imidazoles, and other heterocycles as core moieties. Many research groups have explored inter- or intramolecular hydroamination of alkynes for the synthesis of diversely substituted nitrogen heterocycles using expensive metal catalysts. However, in contrast to metal-catalyzed hydroamination, the base-mediated hydroamination of alkynes has not been extensively studied. Various inorganic (such as hydroxides, phosphates, and carbonates) and organic bases have been proven to be valuable reagents for achieving the hydroamination process. This method represents an attractive strategy for the construction of a broad range of nitrogen-containing compounds that prevents the formation of byproducts in the creation of a C-N linkage. The presence of a base is thought to facilitate the attack of nitrogen nucleophiles, such as indoles, pyrroles, and imidazoles, on unsaturated carbon substrates through the activation of the triple bond and thus transforming the electron-rich alkyne into an electrophile. In the past few years, we have been involved in the development of methods for the nucleophilic addition of N-heterocycles onto terminal and internal alkynes using alkali base catalysts to achieve new carbon-nitrogen bond-forming reactions. During our study, we discovered the regioselective preferential nucleophilic addition of N-heterocycles onto the haloarylalkyne over N-arylation of the aryl halide. In this Account, we summarize our latest achievements in regio-, stereo-, and chemoselective hydroamination chemistry of N-nucleophiles with alkynes using a superbasic medium to produce a broad range of highly functionalized vinyl and styryl enamines, which are valuable and versatile synthetic intermediates for the synthesis of bioactive compounds. Interestingly, the stereoselectivity of the addition products (kinetically stable Z and thermodynamically stable E isomers) was found to be dependent upon time. It is worthwhile to note that hydroaminated products formed by the addition reaction can further be utilized for the synthesis of indolo-/pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines, naphthyridines, and bisindolo/pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolinesvia tandem cyclization. This chemistry is expected to find application in organic synthesis for constructing a diverse variety of fused π-conjugated compounds, enaminones, and C-C coupled products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
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11
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Trofimov BA, Andriyankova LV, Nikitina LP, Belyaeva KV, Mal’kina AG, Afonin AV, Ushakov IA, Kobychev VB, Muzalevskiy VM, Nenajdenko VG. Reaction of imidazole derivatives with trifluoromethylated arylacetylenes. J Fluor Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Effective Synthesis of Benzyl 3-Phenylpropiolates Via Copper(I)-Catalyzed Esterification of Alkynoic Acids with Benzyl Halides Under Ligand-Free Conditions. Catal Letters 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-015-1690-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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13
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Muthukumar A, Mamillapalli NC, Sekar G. Potassium Phosphate-Catalyzed Chemoselective Reduction of α-Keto Amides: Route to Synthesize Passerini Adducts and 3-Phenyloxindoles. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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14
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Rong G, Mao J, Zheng Y, Yao R, Xu X. Cu-Catalyzed direct cyanation of terminal alkynes with AMBN or AIBN as the cyanation reagent. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04987c and the citations therein] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A Cu(ii)-catalyzed direct cyanation of terminal alkynes was reported with broad substrate generality in moderate to high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Rong
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Jincheng Mao
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Yang Zheng
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Ruwei Yao
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Xinfang Xu
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
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15
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Rong G, Mao J, Zheng Y, Yao R, Xu X. Cu-Catalyzed direct cyanation of terminal alkynes with AMBN or AIBN as the cyanation reagent. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:13822-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04987c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A Cu(ii)-catalyzed direct cyanation of terminal alkynes was reported with broad substrate generality in moderate to high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Rong
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Jincheng Mao
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Yang Zheng
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Ruwei Yao
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Xinfang Xu
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
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16
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Trofimov BA, Schmidt EY. Reactions of acetylenes in superbasic media. Recent advances. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2014. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2014v083n07abeh004425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Verma AK, Patel M, Joshi M, Likhar PR, Tiwari RK, Parang K. Base-Mediated Chemo- and Stereoselective Addition of 5-Aminoindole/Tryptamine and Histamines onto Alkynes. J Org Chem 2013; 79:172-86. [PMID: 24215621 DOI: 10.1021/jo402352v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh K. Verma
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research
Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Monika Patel
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research
Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Megha Joshi
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research
Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Pravin R. Likhar
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - Rakesh K. Tiwari
- College of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Orange, California 92866, United States
| | - Keykavous Parang
- College of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Orange, California 92866, United States
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