1
|
Nguyen TH, Pauly C, Kent GT, Wu G, Hayton TW. Dimerization and ring-opening in bis(diisopropylamino)cyclopropenylidene (BAC) mediated by [U(NR 2) 3(CCPh)] (R = SiMe 3). Dalton Trans 2023; 52:13868-13871. [PMID: 37751280 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02741d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Addition of 2 equiv. of bis(diisopropylamino)cyclopropenylidene (BAC) to [U(NR2)3(CCPh)] (1, R = SiMe3), in Et2O, results in formation of [cyclo-N(iPr)C(Me)2CH(NiPr2)C{CHC3(NiPr2)2}][U(NR2)2(N(SiMe3)SiMe2CH2)(CCPh)] (2) in moderate isolated yield. Complex 2 is the result of coupling and protonation of two BAC molecules, where complex 1 contributes the required proton. It was characterized by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography and represents a new mode of reactivity of the cyclopropenylidene fragment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thien H Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
| | - Christophe Pauly
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
| | - Greggory T Kent
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
| | - Guang Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
| | - Trevor W Hayton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mondal R, Guin AK, Chakraborty S, Paul ND. Iron-Catalyzed Metal–Ligand Cooperative Approach toward Sustainable Synthesis of Azines and N-Acylhydrazones in Air. J Org Chem 2022; 87:2921-2934. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Amit Kumar Guin
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Subhajit Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Nanda D. Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Collado A, Nelson DJ, Nolan SP. Optimizing Catalyst and Reaction Conditions in Gold(I) Catalysis-Ligand Development. Chem Rev 2021; 121:8559-8612. [PMID: 34259505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This review considers phosphine and N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of gold(I) that are used as (pre)catalysts for a range of reactions in organic synthesis. These are divided according to the structure of the ligand, with the narrative focusing on studies that offer a quantitative comparison between the ligands and readily available or widely used existing systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Collado
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - David J Nelson
- WestCHEM Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland
| | - Steven P Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 - S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Beerhues J, Neubrand M, Sobottka S, Neuman NI, Aberhan H, Chandra S, Sarkar B. Directed Design of a Au I Complex with a Reduced Mesoionic Carbene Radical Ligand: Insights from 1,2,3-Triazolylidene Selenium Adducts and Extensive Electrochemical Investigations. Chemistry 2021; 27:6557-6568. [PMID: 33502818 PMCID: PMC8252451 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Carbene-based radicals are important for both fundamental and applied chemical research. Herein, extensive electrochemical investigations of nine different 1,2,3-triazolylidene selenium adducts are reported. It is found that the half-wave potentials of the first reduction of the selones correlate with their calculated LUMO levels and the LUMO levels of the corresponding triazolylidene-based mesoionic carbenes (MICs). Furthermore, unexpected quasi-reversibility of the reduction of two triazoline selones, exhibiting comparable reduction potentials, was discovered. Through UV/Vis/NIR and EPR spectroelectrochemical investigations supported by DFT calculations, the radical anion was unambiguously assigned to be triazoline centered. This electrochemical behavior was transferred to a triazolylidene-type MIC-gold phenyl complex resulting in a MIC-radical coordinated AuI species. Apart from UV-Vis-NIR and EPR spectroelectrochemical investigations of the reduction, the reduced gold-coordinated MIC radical complex was also formed in situ in the bulk through chemical reduction. This is the first report of a monodentate triazolylidene-based MIC ligand that can be reduced to its anion radical in a metal complex. The results presented here provide design principles for stabilizing radicals based on MICs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Beerhues
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische KoordinationschemieInstitut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34–3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Maren Neubrand
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische KoordinationschemieInstitut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Sebastian Sobottka
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34–3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Nicolás I. Neuman
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische KoordinationschemieInstitut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Hannes Aberhan
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34–3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Shubhadeep Chandra
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische KoordinationschemieInstitut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische KoordinationschemieInstitut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34–3614195BerlinGermany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Beerhues J, Walter RRM, Aberhan H, Neubrand M, Porré M, Sarkar B. Spotlight on Ligand Effects in 1,2,3-Triazolylidene Gold Complexes for Hydroamination Catalysis: Synthesis and Catalytic Application of an Activated MIC Gold Triflimide Complex and Various MIC Gold Chloride Complexes. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Beerhues
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert R. M. Walter
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hannes Aberhan
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maren Neubrand
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marre Porré
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Palladium(II), silver(I), and gold(I) complexes of a new class of chiral bicyclic [1,2,3]-triazolooxazine derived N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs): Synthesis, structure and application studies. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.115011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
7
|
Synthesis, structural diversity, and applications of mesoionic 1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene metal complexes, an update (2017–2020). Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
8
|
Zhang MX, Li WZ, Xu HL, Zhou ZY, Zhuo SP. External electric field: a new catalytic strategy for the anti-Markovnikov hydrohydrazination of parent hydrazine. RSC Adv 2021; 11:11595-11605. [PMID: 35423646 PMCID: PMC8695915 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01037a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-Markovnikov hydroamination reaction is considered to be a particular challenge, and one of the reactants, parent hydrazine, is also regarded as a troubling reagent. In this study, we first studied the hydrohydrazination of parent hydrazine via an effective and green catalyst—external electric field (EEF). The calculation results demonstrated that the anti-Markovnikov and Markovnikov pathways are competitive when there was no catalyst. EEF oriented along the negative direction of the X axis (Fx) accelerated the anti-Markovnikov addition reaction. Moreover, it lowered the barrier height of the first step by 16.0 kcal mol−1 (from 27.8 to 11.8 kcal mol−1) when the field strength was 180 (×10−4) au. Under the same conditions, the Markovnikov reaction pathway was inhibited, which means that EEF achieved the specificity of hydrohydrazination. The solvents are favorable for the first step addition reaction, particularly the synergy between solvents and Fx lowered the barrier heights by 8.3 (C6H6) and 10.7 (DMSO) kcal mol−1 for an Fx = −60 (×10−4) au. Besides, the introduction of the electron-withdrawing substituent (trifluoromethyl) is also a good strategy to catalyze hydrohydrazination, while the electron-donating group (methoxy) is unfavorable. The anti-Markovnikov hydrohydrazination of parent hydrazine were catalyzed by external electric field (EEF) to a large extent. Furthermore, the solvent effects and the substituent effects of the hydrohydrazination were enhanced in the presence of EEF.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xia Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University of Technology
- Zibo
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Zuo Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yantai University
- Yantai
- P. R. China
| | - Hong-Liang Xu
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- National & Local United Engineering Lab for Power Battery
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
| | - Zi-Yan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University of Technology
- Zibo
- People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Ping Zhuo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University of Technology
- Zibo
- People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Campos‐Dominguez E, Vasquez‐Perez J, Rojas‐Lima S, Lopez‐Ruiz H, Mendoza‐Espinosa D. Gold(I) complexes bearing ring‐fused benzoxazine‐derived triazolylidenes and their use in C–N bond‐forming processes. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Campos‐Dominguez
- Área Académica de Química Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo Mexico
| | - Jose Vasquez‐Perez
- Área Académica de Química Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo Mexico
| | - Susana Rojas‐Lima
- Área Académica de Química Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo Mexico
| | - Heraclio Lopez‐Ruiz
- Área Académica de Química Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo Mexico
| | - Daniel Mendoza‐Espinosa
- Área Académica de Química Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yadav S, Ray S, Singh A, Mobin SM, Roy TK, Dash C. Dinuclear gold(I)‐N‐heterocyclic carbene complexes: Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic application for hydrohydrazidation of terminal alkynes. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seema Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy Central University of Rajasthan Bandar Sindri, Ajmer Rajasthan 305817 India
| | - Sriparna Ray
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences Manipal University Jaipur Jaipur Rajasthan 303007 India
| | - Ajeet Singh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore Simrol, Khandwa Road Indore 453552 India
| | - Shaikh M. Mobin
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore Simrol, Khandwa Road Indore 453552 India
| | - Tapta Kanchan Roy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Central University of Jammu Jammu 180001 India
| | - Chandrakanta Dash
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy Central University of Rajasthan Bandar Sindri, Ajmer Rajasthan 305817 India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vanicek S, Beerhues J, Bens T, Levchenko V, Wurst K, Bildstein B, Tilset M, Sarkar B. Oxidative access via aqua regia to an electrophilic, mesoionic dicobaltoceniumyltriazolylidene gold(III) catalyst. Organometallics 2019; 38:4383-4386. [PMID: 31844348 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A gold(III) complex with the hitherto most electron poor mesoionic carbene ligand is presented. Aqua regia was the oxidizing agent of choice for the synthesis of this unusual organometallic compound. The AuIII complex is redox-rich, and also acts as a catalyst for oxazole formation, delivering selectively a completely different isomer compared to its AuI congener.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Vanicek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 26, 0315, Norway
| | - Julia Beerhues
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Bens
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volodymyr Levchenko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 26, 0315, Norway
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Benno Bildstein
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mats Tilset
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 26, 0315, Norway
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kishore J, Thiyagarajan S, Gunanathan C. Ruthenium(ii)-catalysed direct synthesis of ketazines using secondary alcohols. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4542-4545. [PMID: 30924827 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01383k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Direct one-pot synthesis of ketazines from secondary alcohols and hydrazine hydrate catalyzed by a ruthenium pincer complex is reported, which proceeds through O-H bond activation of secondary alcohols via amine-amide metal-ligand cooperation in the catalyst. Remarkably, liberated molecular hydrogen and water are the only byproducts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jugal Kishore
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), HBNI, Bhubaneswar, Khurda-752050, India.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Aucamp D, Kumar SV, Liles DC, Fernandes MA, Harmse L, Bezuidenhout DI. Synthesis of heterobimetallic gold(i) ferrocenyl-substituted 1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene complexes as potential anticancer agents. Dalton Trans 2019; 47:16072-16081. [PMID: 30276400 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03116a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
1,2,3-Triazol-5-ylidene (trz) complexes of gold(i) containing a ferrocenyl substituent on the C4-position of the trz ring were synthesized to yield the neutral heterobimetallic gold(i) trz chlorido (2), gold(i) trz phenyl (3), and the cationic gold(i) trz triphenylphospine (5) complexes. In order to compare the effect of silver(i) as central metal vs. gold(i), [Ag(trz)2]+ (4) was also prepared, while variation of the C4-1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene substituent from a ferrocenyl to a phenyl group was done to prepare the monometallic analogue of 5, namely the cationic Au(i) trz triphenylphosphine complex 6. The complexes were characterised with spectroscopic and electrochemical methods, and the single crystal X-ray structures of 2-6 were determined. NMR stability studies of 5 as a representative example of the series of complexes were performed to confirm the stability of the complexes in the solvent dimethylsulfoxide and in aqueous solution. The anti-cancer potential of 5 was evaluated against the lung cancer cell lines A549 and H1975, and the human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK-293) was used as a non-cancer model. IC50 values of 0.89, 0.23 and 5.43 μM, respectively, were obtained for A549, H1975 and HEK-293, respectively, indicating the activity and selectivity of 5 for cancer cells. Fluorescence microscopy experiments as a preliminary mode-of-action study evidenced an apoptotic cell death mechanism rather than necrotic cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Aucamp
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xu X, Zhang Z, Huang S, Cao L, Liu W, Yan X. 4-Halo-1,2,3-triazolylidenes: stable carbenes featuring halogen bonding. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:6931-6941. [PMID: 31038514 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01018a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and coordination of 4-halo-1,2,3-triazolylidenes have been developed. These novel ligands featured the character with σ-donation at carbon and a σ-hole at the halogen. Halogen bonding was observed by single crystal X-ray diffraction in their coinage metal complexes. The electronic properties of 4-iodo-1,2,3-triazolylidene were studied by both Ir-CO frequencies of the Tolman electronic parameter (TEP) and Huynh's electronic parameter (HEP) method, which suggested similar electronic properties to those of imidazolylidenes. During HEP tests, an interesting tunability was observed when different electron donors were employed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Guisado-Barrios G, Soleilhavoup M, Bertrand G. 1 H-1,2,3-Triazol-5-ylidenes: Readily Available Mesoionic Carbenes. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:3236-3244. [PMID: 30417642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Classical carbenes are usually described as neutral compounds featuring a divalent carbon with only six electrons in their valence shell. It was only in 1988 that our group prepared the first isolable example, in which the carbene center was stabilized by a push-pull effect, using a phosphino and a silyl substituent. In the last 30 years, a myriad of acyclic and cyclic push-pull and push-push carbenes, bearing different heteroatom substituents, have been isolated. Among them, the so-called N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), which include cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbenes (CAACs), are arguably the most popular. They have found a vast number of applications ranging from catalysis to material science, and even in medicine. In this Account, we focus on the synthesis, structure, electronic properties, coordination, and applications of a different class of stable cyclic carbenes, namely, 1 H-1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidenes. In contrast with NHCs and CAACs, these compounds have no reasonable canonical resonance forms that can be drawn showing a carbene without additional charges. According to the IUPAC, they belong to the family of mesoionic compounds and thus they are named mesoionic carbenes (MICs). In 2010, we prepared the first stable 1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene, via a CuAAC reaction, followed by alkylation of the resulting 1,2,3-triazole, and deprotonation. Later, we synthesized more robust N3-arylated counterparts from 1,3-diarylated-1 H-1,2,3-triazolium salts. Both synthetic routes can be carried out in multigram scales, making these MICS readily available. Importantly, MICs do not dimerize which contrasts with NHCs that can give the corresponding Wanzlick-type olefin. This property leads to relaxed steric requirements for their isolation; even C-unsubstituted MICs can be stored for months in the solid state at room temperature. The practicality and easily scalable syntheses of MICs allow for the preparation of polycarbenes, such as bis(1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidenes) (i-bitz), the analogues of the well-known 2,2'-bipyridines (bpy). MIC-transition metal complexes are excellent precatalysts for variety of chemical transformations, which include hydrohydrazination of alkynes, olefin metathesis, reductive formylation of amines with carbon dioxide and diphenylsilane, hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of N-heteroarenes in water, cycloisomerization of enynes, asymmetric Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling, and water oxidation (WO) reactions. Besides their catalytic applications, MIC-transition metal complexes have found applications in material sciences as exemplified by the preparation of the first iron(III) complex that is luminescent at room temperature. The peculiar properties of mesoionic triazolylidenes, combined with their enhanced stability, position them as excellent candidates to address some current challenges such as access to high-oxidation-state 3d metal complexes, the stabilization of highly reactive main group elements, the stabilization of nanoparticles, the preparation of efficient catalysts and photosensitizers based on earth-abundant transition metals, and the functionalization of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Guisado-Barrios
- Institute of Advance Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Avenida Vicente Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellon, Spain
| | - Michèle Soleilhavoup
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0343, United states
| | - Guy Bertrand
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0343, United states
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gatineau D, Lesage D, Clavier H, Dossmann H, Chan CH, Milet A, Memboeuf A, Cole RB, Gimbert Y. Bond dissociation energies of carbonyl gold complexes: a new descriptor of ligand effects in gold(i) complexes? Dalton Trans 2018; 47:15497-15505. [PMID: 30338332 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03721c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ligand electronic effects in gold(i) chemistry have been evaluated by means of the experimental determination of M-CO bond dissociation energies for 16 [L-Au-CO]+ complexes, bearing L ligands widely used in gold catalysis. Energy-resolved analyses have been made using tandem mass spectrometry with collision-induced dissociation. Coupled with DFT calculations, this approach enables the quantification of ligand effects based on the LAu-CO bond strength. A further energy decomposition analysis gives access to detailed insights into this bond's characteristics. Whereas small differences are observed between phosphine- and phosphite-containing gold complexes, carbene ligands are shown to stabilize the gold-carbonyl bond much more efficiently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Gatineau
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes and CNRS, DCM (UMR 5250) BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex9, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Vivancos Á, Segarra C, Albrecht M. Mesoionic and Related Less Heteroatom-Stabilized N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis, Catalysis, and Other Applications. Chem Rev 2018; 118:9493-9586. [PMID: 30014699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mesoionic carbenes are a subclass of the family of N-heterocyclic carbenes that generally feature less heteroatom stabilization of the carbenic carbon and hence impart specific donor properties and reactivity schemes when coordinated to a transition metal. Therefore, mesoionic carbenes and their complexes have attracted considerable attention both from a fundamental point of view as well as for application in catalysis and beyond. As a follow-up of an earlier Chemical Reviews overview from 2009, the organometallic chemistry of N-heterocyclic carbenes with reduced heteroatom stabilization is compiled for the 2008-2017 period, including specifically the chemistry of complexes containing 1,2,3-triazolylidenes, 4-imidazolylidenes, and related 5-membered N-heterocyclic carbenes with reduced heteratom stabilization such as (is)oxazolylidenes, pyrrazolylidenes, and thiazolylidenes, as well as pyridylidenes as 6-membered N-heterocyclic carbenes with reduced heteroatom stabilization. For each ligand subclass, metalation strategies, electronic and steric properties, and applications, in particular, in metal-mediated catalysis, are compiled. Mesoionic carbenes demonstrate particularly high activity in (water) oxidation, hydrogen transfer reactions, and cyclization reactions. Unique features of these ligands are identified such as their dipolar structure, their specific donor properties, as well as stability aspects of the ligand and the complexes, which provides opportunities for further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Vivancos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Bern , Freiestrasse 3 , CH-3012 Bern , Switzerland.,Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Universidad de Murcia , Apartado 4021 , 30071 Murcia , Spain
| | - Candela Segarra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Bern , Freiestrasse 3 , CH-3012 Bern , Switzerland.,Instituto de Tecnología Química , Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Avenida de los Naranjos s/n , 46022 Valencia , Spain
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Bern , Freiestrasse 3 , CH-3012 Bern , Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang W, Cui L, Sun P, Shi L, Yue C, Li F. Reusable N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex Catalysts and Beyond: A Perspective on Recycling Strategies. Chem Rev 2018; 118:9843-9929. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Wang
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Lifeng Cui
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lijun Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chengtao Yue
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rigo M, Hettmanczyk L, Heutz FJL, Hohloch S, Lutz M, Sarkar B, Müller C. Phosphinines versus mesoionic carbenes: a comparison of structurally related ligands in Au(i)-catalysis. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:86-95. [PMID: 27897296 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt03766f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Gold(i) complexes based on a 2,4,6-triarylphosphinine and a mesoionic carbene derivative have been prepared and characterized crystallographically. Although structurally related, both heterocycles differ significantly in their donor/acceptor properties. These opposed electronic characteristics have been exploited in Au(i)-catalyzed cycloisomerization reactions. For the conversion of the standard substrate dimethyl 2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2-(prop-2-ynyl)malonate the results obtained for both Au-catalysts were found to be very similar and comparable to the ones reported in the literature for other carbene- or phosphorus(iii)-based Au(i)-complexes. In contrast, a clear difference between the catalytic systems was found for the cycloisomerization of the more challenging substrate N-2-propyn-1-ylbenzamide. A combination of the phosphinine-based complex and [AgSbF6] or [Cu(OTf)2] leads to a catalytic species, which is more active than the mesoionic carbene-based coordination compound. We attribute these differences to the stronger π-accepting ability of phosphinines in comparison to mesoionic carbenes. The here presented results show for the first time that phosphinines can be used efficiently as π-accepting ligands in Au(i)-catalyzed cycloisomerization reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Rigo
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Lara Hettmanczyk
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Frank J L Heutz
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Stephan Hohloch
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Martin Lutz
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christian Müller
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Priante-Flores A, Salazar-Pereda V, Rheingold AL, Mendoza-Espinosa D. Synthesis and characterization of a gold(i) bis(triazolylidene) complex featuring a large [(TpMe2)2K] anion. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj03318h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis, charaterization and catalytic performance of a unique bis(triazolylidene) gold(i) complex featuring a large [(TpMe2)2K] anion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San Diego
- USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Flores-Jarillo M, Mendoza-Espinosa D, Salazar-Pereda V, González-Montiel S. Synthesis and Catalytic Benefits of Tetranuclear Gold(I) Complexes with a C4-Symmetric Tetratriazol-5-ylidene. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Flores-Jarillo
- Área Académica
de Quı́mica, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5, Mineral
de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México 42090
| | - Daniel Mendoza-Espinosa
- Área Académica
de Quı́mica, CONACYT, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera
Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México 42090
| | - Verónica Salazar-Pereda
- Área Académica
de Quı́mica, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5, Mineral
de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México 42090
| | - Simplicio González-Montiel
- Área Académica
de Quı́mica, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5, Mineral
de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México 42090
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rotta-Loria NL, Chisholm AJ, MacQueen PM, McDonald R, Ferguson MJ, Stradiotto M. Exploring the Influence of Phosphine Ligation on the Gold-Catalyzed Hydrohydrazination of Terminal Alkynes at Room Temperature. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas L. Rotta-Loria
- Department
of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Alicia J. Chisholm
- Department
of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Preston M. MacQueen
- Department
of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Robert McDonald
- X-Ray
Crystallography Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Michael J. Ferguson
- X-Ray
Crystallography Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Mark Stradiotto
- Department
of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Klenk S, Rupf S, Suntrup L, van der Meer M, Sarkar B. The Power of Ferrocene, Mesoionic Carbenes, and Gold: Redox-Switchable Catalysis. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sinja Klenk
- Institut für Chemie
und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Rupf
- Institut für Chemie
und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lisa Suntrup
- Institut für Chemie
und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Margarethe van der Meer
- Institut für Chemie
und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie
und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hettmanczyk L, Spall SJP, Klenk S, van der Meer M, Hohloch S, Weinstein JA, Sarkar B. Structural, Electrochemical, and Photochemical Properties of Mono- and Digold(I) Complexes Containing Mesoionic Carbenes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Hettmanczyk
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | | | - Sinja Klenk
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Margarethe van der Meer
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Stephan Hohloch
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | | | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Arrowsmith M, Böhnke J, Braunschweig H, Gao H, Légaré MA, Paprocki V, Seufert J. Synthesis and Reduction of Sterically Encumbered Mesoionic Carbene-Stabilized Aryldihaloboranes. Chemistry 2017; 23:12210-12217. [PMID: 28326622 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Sterically hindered, in situ generated 1,3,4-substituted 1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene mesoionic carbenes (MICs) were employed to stabilize a number of aryl- and heteroaryldihaloboranes, as well as the first MIC-supported diborane. Reduction of borane adducts of the 1-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-3-methyl-4-tert-butyl-1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene ligand with KC8 in non-coordinating solvents led to intramolecular C-H- and, C-C-activation at an isopropyl residue of the supporting ligand. DFT calculations showed that each of these activation reactions proceeds via a different isomer of a borylene intermediate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merle Arrowsmith
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julian Böhnke
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Haopeng Gao
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marc-André Légaré
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Valerie Paprocki
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jens Seufert
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Schweinfurth D, Hettmanczyk L, Suntrup L, Sarkar B. Metal Complexes of Click-Derived Triazoles and Mesoionic Carbenes: Electron Transfer, Photochemistry, Magnetic Bistability, and Catalysis. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201700030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Schweinfurth
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Lara Hettmanczyk
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Lisa Suntrup
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hettmanczyk L, Suntrup L, Klenk S, Hoyer C, Sarkar B. Heteromultimetallic Complexes with Redox-Active Mesoionic Carbenes: Control of Donor Properties and Redox-Induced Catalysis. Chemistry 2016; 23:576-585. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Hettmanczyk
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Lisa Suntrup
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Sinja Klenk
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Carolin Hoyer
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mendoza-Espinosa D, Rendón-Nava D, Alvarez-Hernández A, Angeles-Beltrán D, Negrón-Silva GE, Suárez-Castillo OR. Visible-Light-Promoted AuIto AuIIIOxidation in Triazol-5-ylidene Complexes. Chem Asian J 2016; 12:203-207. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mendoza-Espinosa
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco; Avenida San Pablo No. 180 Cuidad de México 02200 México
| | - David Rendón-Nava
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco; Avenida San Pablo No. 180 Cuidad de México 02200 México
| | - Alejandro Alvarez-Hernández
- Área Académica de Química; Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo; Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo 42090 México
| | - Deyanira Angeles-Beltrán
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco; Avenida San Pablo No. 180 Cuidad de México 02200 México
| | - Guillermo E. Negrón-Silva
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco; Avenida San Pablo No. 180 Cuidad de México 02200 México
| | - Oscar R. Suárez-Castillo
- Área Académica de Química; Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo; Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo 42090 México
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2015. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
30
|
Hettmanczyk L, Schmid B, Hohloch S, Sarkar B. Palladium(ii)-Acetylacetonato Complexes with Mesoionic Carbenes: Synthesis, Structures and Their Application in the Suzuki-Miyaura Cross Coupling Reaction. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111561. [PMID: 27869699 PMCID: PMC6274386 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel palladium(ii) acetylacetonato complexes bearing mesoionic carbenes (MICs) have been synthesized and characterized. The synthesis of the complexes of type (MIC)Pd(acac)I (MIC = 1-mesityl-3-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene (1), 1,4-(2,4,6-methyl)-phenyl-3-methyl-1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene (2), 1,4-(2,6-diisopropyl)-phenyl-3-methyl-1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene (3); acac = acetylacetonato) via direct metalation starting from the corresponding triazolium iodides and palladium(ii) acetylacetonate is described herein. All complexes were characterized by 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy and high resolution mass spectrometry. Additionally, two of the complexes were characterized by single crystal X-ray crystallography confirming a square-planar coordination geometry of the palladium(ii) center. A delocalized bonding situation was observed within the triazolylidene rings as well as for the acac ligand respectively. Complex 2 was found to be an efficient pre-catalyst for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reaction between aryl-bromides or -chlorides with phenylboronic acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Hettmanczyk
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin D-14195, Germany.
| | - Bianca Schmid
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin D-14195, Germany.
| | - Stephan Hohloch
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin D-14195, Germany.
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin D-14195, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liu LL, Chen P, Sun Y, Wu Y, Chen S, Zhu J, Zhao Y. Mechanism of Nickel-Catalyzed Selective C-N Bond Activation in Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling of Amides: A Theoretical Investigation. J Org Chem 2016; 81:11686-11696. [PMID: 27809510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In textbooks, the low reactivity of amides is attributed to the strong resonance stability. However, Garg and co-workers recently reported the Ni-catalyzed activation of robust amide C-N bonds, leading to conversions of amides into esters, ketones, and other amides with high selectivity. Among them, the Ni-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling (SMC) of N-benzyl-N-tert-butoxycarbonyl (N-Bn-N-Boc) amides with pinacolatoboronate (PhBpin) was performed in the presence of K3PO4 and water. Water significantly enhanced the reaction. With the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the present study explored the mechanism of the aforementioned SMC reaction as well as analyzed the weakening of amide C-N bond by N-functionalization. The most favorable pathway includes four basic steps: oxidative addition, protonation, transmetalation, and reductive elimination. Comparing the base- and water-free process, the transmetalation step with the help of K3PO4 and water is significantly more facile. Water efficiently protonates the basic N(Boc) (Bn) group to form a neutral HN(Boc) (Bn), which is easily removed. The transmetalation step is the rate-determining step with an energy barrier of 25.6 kcal/mol. Further, a DFT prediction was carried out to investigate the full catalytic cycle of a cyclic (amino) (aryl)carbene in the Ni-catalyzed SMC of amides, which provided clues for further design of catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province and ‡State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen, 361005 Fujian, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province and ‡State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen, 361005 Fujian, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province and ‡State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen, 361005 Fujian, China
| | - Yile Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province and ‡State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen, 361005 Fujian, China
| | - Su Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province and ‡State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen, 361005 Fujian, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province and ‡State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen, 361005 Fujian, China
| | - Yufen Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province and ‡State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen, 361005 Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hettmanczyk L, Schulze D, Suntrup L, Sarkar B. Mono- and Digold(I) Complexes with Mesoionic Carbenes: Structural Characterization and Use in Catalytic Silver-Free Oxazoline Formation. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Hettmanczyk
- Institut
für Chemie
und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße
34-36, D-14195, Berlin. Germany
| | - Dennis Schulze
- Institut
für Chemie
und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße
34-36, D-14195, Berlin. Germany
| | - Lisa Suntrup
- Institut
für Chemie
und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße
34-36, D-14195, Berlin. Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut
für Chemie
und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße
34-36, D-14195, Berlin. Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Luo ZG, Liu P, Fang YY, Xu XM, Feng CT, Li Z, Zhang XM, He J. Cs2CO3-mediated decomposition of N-tosylhydrazones for the synthesis of azines under mild conditions. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2688-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
34
|
Pretorius R, Fructos MR, Müller-Bunz H, Gossage RA, Pérez PJ, Albrecht M. Synthesis and catalytic applications of 1,2,3-triazolylidene gold(i) complexes in silver-free oxazoline syntheses and C-H bond activation. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:14591-602. [PMID: 27363515 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02181f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel 1,2,3-triazolylidene gold(i) chloride complexes have been synthesised and fully characterised. Silver-free methodologies for chloride ion abstraction of these complexes were evaluated for their potential as Au-based catalyst precursors. Using simple potassium salts or MeOTf as chloride scavengers produced metal complexes that catalyse both the regioselective synthesis of oxazolines and the C-H activation of benzene or styrene for carbene transfer from ethyl diazoacetate. These results indicate that Ag-free activation of 1,2,3-triazolylidene gold(i) chloride complexes is feasible for the generation of catalytically active Au triazolylidene species. However, silver-mediated activation imparts substantially higher catalytic activity in oxazoline synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- René Pretorius
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Hu X, Martin D, Bertrand G. Room temperature hydroamination of alkynes with anilines catalyzed by anti-Bredt di(amino)carbene gold(i) complexes. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00980h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Anti-Bredt di(amino)carbene gold(i) complexes are excellent precatalysts for the room temperature hydroamination of terminal alkynes with a variety anilines and hydrazines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingbang Hu
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San DiegoLa Jolla
- USA
| | - David Martin
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San DiegoLa Jolla
- USA
| | - Guy Bertrand
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San DiegoLa Jolla
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Peltier JL, Jazzar R, Melaimi M, Bertrand G. Ancillary ligand-free copper catalysed hydrohydrazination of terminal alkynes with NH2NH2. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:2733-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc10427k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An atom-efficient route for the formation of CN bonds containing products from bulk materials and a cheap catalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesse L. Peltier
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San Diego
- La Jolla
| | - Rodolphe Jazzar
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San Diego
- La Jolla
| | - Mohand Melaimi
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San Diego
- La Jolla
| | - Guy Bertrand
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San Diego
- La Jolla
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Schmidt A, Wiechmann S, Otto CF. N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|