1
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Yang ML, Dong CL, Guan Z, He YH. Visible Light-Induced Hydroacylation of Benzylidenemalononitriles with Aroyl Chlorides Using Silane as a Hydrogen Donor. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38163337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A novel photoredox-catalyzed direct hydroacylation of benzylidenemalononitriles is described. In this method, aroyl chlorides are employed as a readily available and affordable source of acyl groups, while commercially available tris(trimethylsilyl)silane acts as both the hydrogen atom donor and electron donor. By eliminating the requirement for complex synthesis of acyl precursors and hydrogen atom-transfer (HAT) reagents, this approach offers a convenient and efficient strategy for the hydroacylation of benzylidenemalononitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chun-Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan-Hong He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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2
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Lu WQ, Yin ZC, Liu QS, Wang GW. Copper‐Promoted Cascade Radical Reaction of [60]Fullerene with Arylglyoxals and Further Derivatization. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen- Qiang Lu
- University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry 96, Jinzhai Road 230026 Hefei CHINA
| | - Zheng-Chun Yin
- University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry 96 Jinzhai Road 230026 Hefei CHINA
| | - Qing-Song Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry 96 Jinzhai Road 230026 Hefei CHINA
| | - Guan-Wu Wang
- University of Science and Techlonogy of China Department of Chemistry 96 Jinzhai Road 230026 Hefei CHINA
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3
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Wang X, Lei J, Guo S, Zhang Y, Ye Y, Tang S, Sun K. Radical selenation of C(sp 3)-H bonds to asymmetric selenides and mechanistic study. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1526-1529. [PMID: 35050276 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06323e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Selenides are important structural motifs with a broad range of biological activities and versatile transformational abilities. In this study, a novel and mild method was developed for the facile synthesis of asymmetric selenides under metal-free conditions. The key features of this reaction include good functional-group tolerance, the use of readily available reagents and cheap, low-toxicity solvent, and amenability to gram-scale synthesis. The results of preliminary radical-trapping experiments and a kinetic isotope effect study support a radical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Jia Lei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Sa Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Yong Ye
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shi Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou, 416000, China
| | - Kai Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, Shandong, P. R. China.
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4
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Das S, Mandal T, De Sarkar S. Acridine Orange Hemi(Zinc Chloride) Salt as a Lewis Acid‐Photoredox Hybrid Catalyst for the Generation of
α
‐Carbonyl Radicals. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanju Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 West Bengal India
| | - Tanumoy Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 West Bengal India
| | - Suman De Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 West Bengal India
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5
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Sun K, Li G, Guo S, Zhang Z, Zhang G. Copper-catalyzed radical cascade cyclization for synthesis of CF 3-containing tetracyclic benzimidazo[2,1- a]iso-quinolin-6(5 H)-ones. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:375-378. [PMID: 33351022 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02210a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Here, a general copper-catalyzed radical cascade carbocyclization reaction with 2-arylbenzoimidazoles and a Togni reagent was realized. Structurally diverse CF3-containing tetracyclic core benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinoline-6(5H)-ones were obtained in moderate to good yields. The wide substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, and ease of scale-up of this method are expected to promote its potential applications in pharmacy and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P. R. China. and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, YanTai University, Yantai, 264005, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Guofeng Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P. R. China.
| | - Sa Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P. R. China.
| | - Guisheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P. R. China.
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6
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Abstract
We have found that terminal N-vinylindoles bearing cycloalkanone substituents are excellent hydrogen atom acceptors, generating α-aminyl radicals with a variety of catalysts (Co(II)/H2 or Co(III)Cl precatalysts with silane reductants). These radicals can be converted to internal vinylindoles but eventually add to the oxygen of the cycloalkanone substituents. These cyclizations eventually furnish a densely functionalized dihydrofuran (a net cycloisomerization). The internal vinylindoles are slowly converted to the dihydrofurans, but the final cycloisomerization/isomerization ratio is affected by the size of the cycloalkanone ring (seven- and eight-membered rings give the highest ratio). These results demonstrate how HAT can isomerize substrates in nonintuitive ways, here leading to the first HAT-promoted formation of a C-O bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York New York, 10027, United States
| | - Jonathan L Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York New York, 10027, United States
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York New York, 10027, United States
| | - Jack R Norton
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York New York, 10027, United States
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7
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Vil' VA, Grishin SS, Baberkina EP, Kostyagina VA, Kovalenko AE, Terent'ev AO. Radical addition of tetrahydrofuran to imines assisted by tert-butyl hydroperoxide. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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8
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9
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Tian T, Wang X, Lv L, Li Z. Iron-Catalyzed [2+2+2] Annulation of Aliphatic Bridged 1,n
-Enynes with Aldehydes for the Synthesis of Fused Pyrans. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; 100872 Beijing P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; 100872 Beijing P.R. China
| | - Leiyang Lv
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; 100872 Beijing P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Li
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; 100872 Beijing P.R. China
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10
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Kerru N, Maddila S, Jonnalagadda SB. Design of Carbon-carbon and Carbon-heteroatom Bond Formation Reactions under Green Conditions. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666191202105820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
:The development of C-C and C-heteroatom (C-N, C-O and C-P) bond reactions is a field of significant interest and has received momentous attention in modern organic chemistry. These reactions have been exploited in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and molecules of interest in materials science. With the increasing awareness of global warming and the use of renewable energies, it is of paramount importance to reduce the usage of hazardous chemicals in both industrial and academic research and to achieve a healthier environment through green practices. Green chemistry is a rapidly emerging approach that shows us a path for the sustainable growth of future science and technologies. In the recent past, healthy growth has been recorded in a number of organic reactions in aqueous media, which are environment-friendly and energy conserving. This review documents the literature on the development of green methodologies involving the design of C-C, C-O, C-N and C-P bond formations of coupling and condensed reactions. It emphasizes the exceptional practices and important advances achieved using alternative green tools, such as microwave (MW), high-speed ball milling (HSBM) and ultrasound irradiation techniques, and a variety of reusable catalysts and green solvents, with attention to water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraju Kerru
- School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills, Durban-4000, South Africa
| | - Suresh Maddila
- School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills, Durban-4000, South Africa
| | - Sreekantha B. Jonnalagadda
- School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills, Durban-4000, South Africa
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11
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Wang P, Gao X, Huang P, Lei A. Recent Advances in Electrochemical Oxidative Cross‐Coupling of Alkenes with H
2
Evolution. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular SciencesWuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Xinlong Gao
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular SciencesWuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Huang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular SciencesWuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) College of Chemistry and Molecular SciencesWuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate SynthesisJiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
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12
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Zhao J, Li P, Xu Y, Shi Y, Li F. Nickel-Catalyzed Transformation of Diazoacetates to Alkyl Radicals Using Alcohol as a Hydrogen Source. Org Lett 2019; 21:9386-9390. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhao
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Pan Li
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yaohua Xu
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yixin Shi
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Fuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology; Kanazawa University; Kakuma-machi 920-1192 Kanazawa Japan
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14
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Li L, Guo S, Wang Q, Zhu J. Acyl Radicals from Benzothiazolines: Synthons for Alkylation, Alkenylation, and Alkynylation Reactions. Org Lett 2019; 21:5462-5466. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shan Guo
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Chao Yang
- Institute of Pesticide, School of Horticulture and Plant ProtectionYangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 People's Republic of China
| | - Jian‐Guo Feng
- Institute of Pesticide, School of Horticulture and Plant ProtectionYangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesNanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 People's Republic of China
| | - Yong‐Qiang Zhang
- College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest University Chongqing 400716 People's Republic of China
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16
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Building molecular complexity through transition-metal-catalyzed oxidative annulations/cyclizations: Harnessing the utility of phenols, naphthols and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Deng W, Ye C, Li Y, Li D, Bao H. Iron-Catalyzed Oxyalkylation of Terminal Alkynes with Alkyl Iodides. Org Lett 2018; 21:261-265. [PMID: 30582704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A general oxyalkylation of terminal alkynes enabled by iron catalysis has been developed. Primary and secondary alkyl iodides acted as the alkylating reagents and afforded a range of α-alkylated ketones under mild reaction conditions. Acetyl tert-butyl peroxide (TBPA) was used as the radical relay precursor, providing the initiated methyl radical to start the radical relay process. Preliminary mechanistic studies were conducted, and late-stage functionalizations of natural product derivatives were performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Deng
- Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology of Fujian Province, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences , Fujian Normal University , 1 Keji Road , Fuzhou 350117 , P. R. China
| | - Changqing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 155 Yangqiao Road West , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , P. R. of China
| | - Yajun Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 155 Yangqiao Road West , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , P. R. of China
| | - Daliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology of Fujian Province, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences , Fujian Normal University , 1 Keji Road , Fuzhou 350117 , P. R. China
| | - Hongli Bao
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 155 Yangqiao Road West , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , P. R. of China
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18
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Decarbonylative radical conjugate addition of aliphatic aldehydes for alkylation of electron-deficient alkenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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19
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Weng WZ, Zhang B. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of β-Functionalized Ketones by Radical-Mediated 1,2-Rearrangement of Allylic Alcohols. Chemistry 2018; 24:10934-10947. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhi Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjia Xiang Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tongjia Xiang Nanjing 210009 China
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20
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Li R, Byun J, Huang W, Ayed C, Wang L, Zhang KAI. Poly(benzothiadiazoles) and Their Derivatives as Heterogeneous Photocatalysts for Visible-Light-Driven Chemical Transformations. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Run Li
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jeehye Byun
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Wei Huang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Cyrine Ayed
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lei Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kai A. I. Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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21
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Synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles by visible-light-mediated decarboxylation–cyclization of hydrazides and diketones. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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22
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Wang K, Kong W. Recent Advances in Transition Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric Radical Reactions. CHINESE J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201700745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuai Wang
- Institute for Advanced Studies; Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuchang District; Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Wangqing Kong
- Institute for Advanced Studies; Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuchang District; Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
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23
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Mou XQ, Chen XY, Chen G, He G. Radical-mediated intramolecular β-C(sp3)–H amidation of alkylimidates: facile synthesis of 1,2-amino alcohols. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:515-518. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08897c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new radical-mediated intramolecular β-C(sp3)–H amidation reaction of O-alkyl trichloro- or arylimidates is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qing Mou
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Xiang-Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Gong Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Gang He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
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24
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Zheng C, Lu F, Lu H, Xin J, Deng Y, Yang D, Wang S, Huang Z, Gao M, Lei A. Copper-catalyzed selective radical–radical cross-coupling for C–S bond formation: an access to α-alkylthionitriles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5574-5577. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02371a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative radical–radical cross-coupling: a new protocol for C–S bond formation was developed by selective cross-coupling between a thiyl radical and an isobutyronitrile radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Zheng
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022
- P. R. China
| | - Fangling Lu
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022
- P. R. China
| | - Hanwei Lu
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022
- P. R. China
| | - Jie Xin
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Yi Deng
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Dali Yang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Shengchun Wang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Zhiliang Huang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
| | - Meng Gao
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022
- P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022
- P. R. China
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University
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25
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Fu Z, Jiang L, Zuo Q, Li Z, Liu Y, Wei Z, Cai H. Inexpensive NaX (X = I, Br, Cl) as a halogen donor in the practical Ag/Cu-mediated decarboxylative halogenation of aryl carboxylic acids under aerobic conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:5416-5421. [PMID: 30028462 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01095a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Versatile and practical Ag/Cu-mediated decarboxylative halogenation between readily available aryl carboxylic acids and abundant NaX (X = I, Br, Cl) has been achieved under aerobic conditions in moderate to good yields. The halodecarboxylation is shown to be an effective strategy for S-containing heteroaromatic carboxylic acid and benzoic acids with nitro, chloro and methoxyl substituents at the ortho position. A gram-scale reaction and a three-step procedure to synthesize iniparib have been performed to evaluate the practicality of this protocol. A preliminary mechanistic investigation indicates that Cu plays a vital role and a radical pathway is involved in the transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjiang Fu
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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26
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Zhang J, Jin W, Cheng C, Luo F. Copper-catalyzed remote oxidation of alcohols initiated by radical difluoroalkylation of alkenes: facile access to difluoroalkylated carbonyl compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:3876-3880. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00889b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A Cu-catalyzed oxidation of alcohols triggered by the radical difluoroalkylation of alkenes has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Normal University
- Jinhua 321004
- China
| | - Weiwei Jin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Normal University
- Jinhua 321004
- China
| | - Cungui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Normal University
- Jinhua 321004
- China
| | - Fang Luo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Normal University
- Jinhua 321004
- China
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27
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Dong ZB, Liu X, Bolm C. Copper-Catalyzed C(sp2)–S Coupling Reactions for the Synthesis of Aryl Dithiocarbamates with Thiuram Disulfide Reagents. Org Lett 2017; 19:5916-5919. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bing Dong
- School
of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Xing Liu
- School
of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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28
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Juaristi E, dos Passos Gomes G, Terent’ev AO, Notario R, Alabugin IV. Stereoelectronic Interactions as a Probe for the Existence of the Intramolecular α-Effect. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:10799-10813. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eusebio Juaristi
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, 07360 Ciudad de México, Mexico
- El Colegio Nacional, Luis González Obregón No. 23, Centro Histórico, 06020 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gabriel dos Passos Gomes
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Alexander O. Terent’ev
- N.
D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Rafael Notario
- Instituto
de Química Física “Rocasolano”, CSIC, c/Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Igor V. Alabugin
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
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29
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Iron-Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization of 1,6-Enones with Aldehydes: Synthesis of Functionalized 3,4-Dihydro-2H-pyrans. CHINESE J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201600721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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30
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Gao S, Gao L, Meng H, Luo M, Zeng X. Iron-catalyzed synthesis of benzoxazoles by oxidative coupling/cyclization of phenol derivatives with benzoyl aldehyde oximes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:9886-9889. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc04965j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
An iron-catalyzed oxidative coupling/cyclization reaction for the synthesis of benzoxazoles at room temperature is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Gao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Liming Gao
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals of Sichuan Province Chengdu
- Sichuan
- P. R. China
| | - Hong Meng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Meiming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
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31
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Cheng JK, Shen L, Wu LH, Hu XH, Loh TP. Iron-catalyzed peroxidation–carbamoylation of alkenes with hydroperoxides and formamides via formyl C(sp2)–H functionalization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:12830-12833. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08074c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A three-component radical coupling reaction of aryl alkenes or 1,3-enynes with tert-butyl hydroperoxide and formamides for the efficient synthesis of β-peroxy amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Kee Cheng
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Liang Shen
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Liu-Hai Wu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Xu-Hong Hu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
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32
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Zhang H, Ma S, Xing Z, Liu L, Fang B, Xie X, She X. Rapid construction of the 6/6/5 tricyclic framework via a tandem radical cyclization reaction and its application to the synthesis of 5-epi-7-deoxy-isoabietenin A. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00550d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A tandem radical cyclization towards the 6/6/5 tricyclic skeleton, which exists in numerous natural products, was developed in modest to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Shiqiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Zhimin Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Bowen Fang
- Chemical Engineering Institute
- Northwest University for Nationalities
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Xingang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Xuegong She
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
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33
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Che C, Huang Q, Zheng H, Zhu G. Copper-catalyzed cascade annulation of unsaturated α-bromocarbonyls with enynals: a facile access to ketones from aldehydes. Chem Sci 2016; 7:4134-4139. [PMID: 30155057 PMCID: PMC6014112 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04980f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A Cu-catalyzed cascade annulation of enynals with alkenyl or alkynyl α-bromocarbonyls for the synthesis of various cyclohexenone-fused polycyclic compounds is described. Up to six new C-C bonds and four new carbocycles can be established in a single reaction, highlighting the high efficiency and step-economics of this protocol. This reaction offers a novel and straightforward entry to the synthesis of ketones featuring the addition of carbon radicals to aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Che
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang Normal University , 688 Yingbin Road , Jinhua 321004 , China .
| | - Qianwen Huang
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang Normal University , 688 Yingbin Road , Jinhua 321004 , China .
| | - Hanliang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang Normal University , 688 Yingbin Road , Jinhua 321004 , China .
| | - Gangguo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang Normal University , 688 Yingbin Road , Jinhua 321004 , China .
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34
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Huang Y, Li X, Yu Y, Zhu C, Wu W, Jiang H. Copper-Mediated [3 + 2] Oxidative Cyclization Reaction of N-Tosylhydrazones and β-Ketoesters: Synthesis of 2,3,5-Trisubstituted Furans. J Org Chem 2016; 81:5014-20. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Huang
- Key Laboratory
of Functional
Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xianwei Li
- Key Laboratory
of Functional
Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yue Yu
- Key Laboratory
of Functional
Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Chuanle Zhu
- Key Laboratory
of Functional
Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Wanqing Wu
- Key Laboratory
of Functional
Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory
of Functional
Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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35
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Gilmore K, Mohamed RK, Alabugin IV. The Baldwin rules: revised and extended. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Gilmore
- Department of Biomolecular Systems; Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces; Potsdam Germany
| | - Rana K. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Florida State University; Tallahassee FL USA
| | - Igor V. Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Florida State University; Tallahassee FL USA
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36
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Lv L, Li Z. Iron-Catalyzed Radical [2 + 2 + 2] Annulation of Benzene-Linked 1,7-Enynes with Aldehydes: Fused Pyran Compounds. Org Lett 2016; 18:2264-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leiyang Lv
- Department
of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Zhiping Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
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37
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Jackl MK, Kreituss I, Bode JW. Synthesis of Tetrahydronaphthyridines from Aldehydes and HARP Reagents via Radical Pictet-Spengler Reactions. Org Lett 2016; 18:1713-5. [PMID: 27026179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The combination of aldehydes with newly designed HARP (halogen amine radical protocol) reagents gives access to α-substituted tetrahydronaphthyridines. By using different HARP reagents, various regioisomeric structures can be prepared in a single operation. These products, which are of high value in medicinal chemistry, are formed in a predictable manner via a formal Pictet-Spengler reaction of electron-poor pyridines that would not participate in the corresponding polar reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz K Jackl
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH-Zürich , 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Imants Kreituss
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH-Zürich , 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey W Bode
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH-Zürich , 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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38
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Filace F, Sánchez-Murcia PA, Sucunza D, Pérez-Redondo A, Álvarez-Buílla J, Gago F, Burgos C. Silyl Assistance in the Intramolecular Addition of Pyridyl Radicals onto Pyridines and Quinolines. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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39
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Zhao J, Li P, Li X, Xia C, Li F. Straightforward synthesis of functionalized chroman-4-ones through cascade radical cyclization-coupling of 2-(allyloxy)arylaldehydes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:3661-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc09730d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel and direct approach to synthesize a series of phosphonate, azide and hydroxy functionalized chroman-4-ones has been developed. The transformation appears to proceed via an intramolecular addition of in situ generated acyl radical onto alkene, followed by a radical/radical cross coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Pan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Xinjian Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Chungu Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Fuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou
- China
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40
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Bai X, Lv L, Li Z. Copper-catalyzed tandem trifluoromethylation–cyclization of olefinic carbonyls: synthesis of trifluoromethylated 2,3-dihydrofurans and 3,4-dihydropyrans. Org Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00137h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed trifluoromethylation–cyclization of olefinic carbonyls was developed. With this method, a variety of 2,3-dihydrofuran and 3,4-dihydropyran derivatives containing a CF3 group were selectively obtained in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Bai
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872
- China
| | - Leiyang Lv
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872
- China
| | - Zhiping Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872
- China
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41
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Lv L, Xi H, Bai X, Li Z. Iron-Catalyzed Convergent Radical Cyclization of Aldehydes with Two Alkenes to 3,4-Dihydropyrans. Org Lett 2015; 17:4324-7. [PMID: 26296137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel convergent radical cyclization of an aldehyde with two alkenes has been developed. With this method, polyfunctionalized 3,4-dihydropyrans are built in an efficient and selective manner. The iron-catalyzed redox radical recombinations are proposed for the formation of a 3,4-dihydropyran skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiyang Lv
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872, China
| | - Hui Xi
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872, China
| | - Xiaohui Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872, China
| | - Zhiping Li
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872, China
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