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Ramarao J, Behera PC, Reddy MS, Suresh S. Carbene-Catalyzed Tandem Imine Umpolung-Intramolecular Aza-Conjugate Addition-Oxidation to Access N-Substituted Isoindolinones. J Org Chem 2024; 89:414-424. [PMID: 38148719 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we have described a novel N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed synthesis of N-substituted isoindolinone acetates. The presented transformation proceeds through NHC-catalyzed tandem imine umpolung-intramolecular aza-Michael addition followed by oxidation, while molecular oxygen in air acts as a sole oxidant. Atom efficiency, operational simplicity, large-scale syntheses, and mild reaction conditions are the salient features of this method. Mechanistic studies were indicative of the necessity of molecular oxygen in air as oxidant for the conversion of imine to amide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakkula Ramarao
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Purna Chandra Behera
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Manyam Subbi Reddy
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Surisetti Suresh
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
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Savela R, Méndez‐Gálvez C. Isoindolinone Synthesis via One-Pot Type Transition Metal Catalyzed C-C Bond Forming Reactions. Chemistry 2021; 27:5344-5378. [PMID: 33125790 PMCID: PMC8048987 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Isoindolinone structure is an important privileged scaffold found in a large variety of naturally occurring as well as synthetic, biologically and pharmaceutically active compounds. Owing to its crucial role in a number of applications, the synthetic methodologies for accessing this heterocyclic skeleton have received significant attention during the past decade. In general, the synthetic strategies can be divided into two categories: First, direct utilization of phthalimides or phthalimidines as starting materials for the synthesis of isoindolinones; and second, construction of the lactam and/or aromatic rings by different catalytic methods, including C-H activation, cross-coupling, carbonylation, condensation, addition and formal cycloaddition reactions. Especially in the last mentioned, utilization of transition metal catalysts provides access to a broad range of substituted isoindolinones. Herein, the recent advances (2010-2020) in transition metal catalyzed synthetic methodologies via formation of new C-C bonds for isoindolinones are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risto Savela
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry CentreLaboratory of Molecular Science and TechnologyÅbo Akademi UniversityBiskopsgatan 820500TurkuFinland
| | - Carolina Méndez‐Gálvez
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry CentreLaboratory of Molecular Science and TechnologyÅbo Akademi UniversityBiskopsgatan 820500TurkuFinland
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Zhou J, Zhou Y, Li Y, Zhang J, Zhang L. DFT Mechanistic Study on Palladium‐Catalyzed Redox‐Neutral Hydroarylation of Unactivated Alkenes with Arylboronic Acids. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Zhou
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling School of Science Tianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 P. R. China
| | - Yongzhu Zhou
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling School of Science Tianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Yanxia Li
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling School of Science Tianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling School of Science Tianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling School of Science Tianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 P. R. China
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Tu Z, Zhao B, Wan J, Wang C, Liu Y. Aerobic Construction of 2-Acyl Benzoxazole by Tandem C—H Oxygenation and Oxazole Ring Formation. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202109029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Shaaban S, Davies C, Merten C, Flegel J, Otte F, Strohmann C, Waldmann H. Rh III -Catalyzed C-H Activation of Aryl Hydroxamates for the Synthesis of Isoindolinones. Chemistry 2020; 26:10729-10734. [PMID: 32428319 PMCID: PMC7496876 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
RhIII -catalyzed C-H functionalization reaction yielding isoindolinones from aryl hydroxamates and ortho-substituted styrenes is reported. The reaction proceeds smoothly under mild conditions at room temperature, and tolerates a range of functional groups. Experimental and computational investigations support that the high regioselectivity observed for these substrates results from the presence of an ortho-substituent embedded in the styrene. The resulting isoindolinones are valuable building blocks for the synthesis of bioactive compounds. They provide easy access to the natural-product-like compounds, isoindolobenzazepines, in a one-pot two-step reaction. Selected isoindolinones inhibited Hedgehog (Hh)-dependent differentiation of multipotent murine mesenchymal progenitor stem cells into osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Shaaban
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Chemical BiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Caitlin Davies
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Chemical BiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
- Technical University DortmundFaculty of Chemical BiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 4a44227DortmundGermany
| | - Christian Merten
- Ruhr University BochumOrganic Chemistry IIUniversitätsstrasse 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Jana Flegel
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Chemical BiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
- Technical University DortmundFaculty of Chemical BiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 4a44227DortmundGermany
| | - Felix Otte
- Technical University DortmundDepartment of Inorganic ChemistryOtto-Hahn-Strasse 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Technical University DortmundDepartment of Inorganic ChemistryOtto-Hahn-Strasse 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDepartment of Chemical BiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 1144227DortmundGermany
- Technical University DortmundFaculty of Chemical BiologyOtto-Hahn-Strasse 4a44227DortmundGermany
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Liu Y, Zhao B. Step-Economical C–H Activation Reactions Directed by In Situ Amidation. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the inherent ability of amides to chelate transition-metal catalysts, amide-directed C–H activation reactions constitute a major tactic in directed C–H activation reactions. While the conventional procedures for these reactions usually involve prior preparation and purification of amide substrates before the C–H activation, the step economy is actually undermined by the operation of installing the directing group (DG) and related substrate purification. In this context, directed C–H activation via in situ amidation of the crude material provides a new protocol that can significantly enhance the step economy of amide-directed C–H activation. In this short review, the advances in C–H bond activation reactions mediated or initiated by in situ amidation are summarized and analyzed.1 Introduction2 In Situ Amidation in Aryl C–H Bond Activation3 In Situ Amidation in Alkyl C–H Bond Activation4 Annulation Reactions via Amidation-Mediated C–H Activation5 Remote C–H Activation Mediated by Amidation6 Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University
| | - Baoli Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Shaoxing University
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Cui WJ, Wu ZJ, Gu Q, You SL. Divergent Synthesis of Tunable Cyclopentadienyl Ligands and Their Application in Rh-Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of Isoindolinone. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7379-7385. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Qing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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Shilpa T, Dhanya R, Saranya S, Anilkumar G. An Overview of Rhodium‐Catalysed Multi‐Component Reactions. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Shilpa
- School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P O, Kottayam Kerala INDIA 686560
| | - Raju Dhanya
- School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P O, Kottayam Kerala INDIA 686560
| | - Salim Saranya
- School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P O, Kottayam Kerala INDIA 686560
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P O, Kottayam Kerala INDIA 686560
- Advanced Molecular Materials Research Centre (AMMRC), Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P O, Kottayam Kerala INDIA 686560
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Tu Z, Du Y, Cao X, Liu Y. Tunable Single and Double γ‐C−H Arylation of Phenylacetamides Directed by
o
‐Aminophenols. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Tu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
| | - Yi Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoji Cao
- Research Center of Analysis and MeasurementZhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Yunyun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
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Tian R, Li Y, Liang C. Mechanism of Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed C-H Activation/Annulation of Aromatic Amide with α-Allenol: A Computational Study. J Org Chem 2019; 84:2642-2651. [PMID: 30735381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
With the help of DFT calculations, the reaction mechanisms of the rhodium(III)-catalyzed C-H activation/annulation between aromatic amide and α-allenol leading to the formation of isoindolinone have been theoretically investigated. Our calculated results show that the catalytic cycle consists of four stages: N-H deprotonation and C-H activation (Stage I), allene insertion, rearrangement and isomerization (Stage II), β-H elimination and enol-keto tautomerism (Stage III), and catalyst regeneration resulting in the five-membered ring product (Stage IV). For stage IV, besides the reaction paths proposed by the experimentalists, i.e., the insertion and reductive elimination (labeled as path a) and the reductive elimination and hydroamination (labeled as path b), an alternative path which involves C-N and C-H reductive eliminations (labeled as path c) was proposed and examined. The computational results show that the newly established path c is more energetically favorable than the reaction paths proposed by the experimentalists (paths a and b). The allene (non-terminal double bond) insertion step contributes to the rate-determining step with an overall activation free energy of 24.6 kcal/mol. Our study is beneficial for a better comprehension of the reaction mechanisms and provides a significant suggestion for further development of similar reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Tian
- School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering , Dalian University of Technology , Panjin 124221 , P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering , University of Science and Technology Liaoning , Anshan 114051 , P.R. China
| | - Changhai Liang
- School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering , Dalian University of Technology , Panjin 124221 , P.R. China
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