1
|
Deng Q, Zhu J. Adaptive σ aromaticity in the rhenacyclopropene rings. J Comput Chem 2023; 44:2294-2301. [PMID: 37466308 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Species generally exhibit one-state aromaticity either in the lowest singlet state (S0 ) or the lowest triplet state (T1 ) according to the Hückel's and Baird's rules. Hence, it is rare for species exhibit two-state aromaticity in both the S0 and T1 states (termed as adaptive aromaticity), let alone adaptive σ aromaticity. Here, we report adaptive σ aromaticity in unsaturated rhenacyclopropene rings via density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Various aromaticity indices including NICS, ACID, EDDB together with isodesmic reactions support the adaptive σ aromaticity in these rhenacyclopropene rings. As the T1 state of these species is formed by the ππ* excitation, the σ-aromaticity of these three-membered rings in the S0 state could hold in the T1 state. In addition, the aromaticity effect of the fused rings is also examined. Our findings expand the family of adaptive σ aromaticity, enriching the metallaaromatic chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tomeček J, Liddle ST, Kaltsoyannis N. Actinide-Actinide Bonding: Electron Delocalisation and σ-Aromaticity in the Tri-Thorium Cluster [{Th(η 8 -C 8 H 8 )(μ-Cl) 2 } 3 K 2 ]. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202300366. [PMID: 37366275 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The tri-thorium cluster [{Th(η8 -C8 H8 )(μ3 -Cl)2 }3 {K(THF)2 }2 ]∞ (Nature 2021, 598, 72-75) was reported to feature intriguing σ-aromatic bonding between the thorium atoms, a mode of metal-metal bonding unique in the actinide series. However, the presence of this bonding motif has since been challenged by others. Here, we computationally explore electron delocalisation in a molecular cluster fragment of [{Th(η8 -C8 H8 )(μ3 -Cl)2 }3 {K(THF)2 }2 ]∞ and examine its responses to an applied magnetic field using a variety of methods. We also discuss the importance of the choice of basis set for the Th atoms and issues regarding locating QTAIM bond critical points. When taken together, the computed data consistently suggest the presence of delocalised Th-Th bonding and Th3 σ-aromaticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Tomeček
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Nikolas Kaltsoyannis
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fu B, Bai W, Zhao Y, Li Y, Jiang W. Fused metallacyclopropenes from alkynylphenols. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11085-11088. [PMID: 37641935 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03084a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Metallacycloprop-1-enes can be constructed from coordinated alkynes. In this work, we report a convenient synthesis of fused osmacyclopropene complexes 1 and 3 from OsCl2(PPh3)3 and alkynylphenols. Paramagnetic alkyne-coordinated phenolate complexes 2 were obtained as the key intermediates for the formation of osmacyclopropenes, demonstrating selective CC activation under different conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Fu
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Bai
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Wenfeng Jiang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Complexes with aromaticity in both the lowest singlet state (S0) and the lowest triplet state (T1) (denoted as adaptive aromaticity) are rare because according to Hückel's and Baird's rules, a species could be aromatic in either the S0 or T1 state in most cases. Thus, it is particularly challenging to design species with adaptive aromaticity. Previous reports on adaptive aromaticity were mainly focused on 16e metallapentalenes. Here, we demonstrate that 18e metallapentalenes could possess adaptive aromaticity supported by a set of aromaticity indices when the nitrido and imido ligands are introduced via density functional theory calculations. Further investigation suggests that the metal-carbon bond strength plays an important role in the S0 state aromaticity and the T1 state aromaticity could be attributed to spin electron localization. All these findings could be useful for the development of metallaaromatic chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingfu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhu
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bai W, Tsang LY, Wang Y, Li Y, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Jia G. Synthesis and characterization of bi(metallacycloprop-1-ene) complexes. Chem Sci 2022; 14:96-102. [PMID: 36605739 PMCID: PMC9769101 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05378k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In all previously reported metallacycloprop-1-ene or η2-vinyl complexes, the metal center bears only one vinyl moiety. We have now successfully synthesized and structurally characterized the first complexes bearing two η2-vinyl moieties or spiro bi(metallacycloprop-1-ene) complexes from reactions of alkynes with rhenium phosphine complexes. Computational studies indicate that the metallacycloprop-1-ene rings are aromatic and the complexes represent a rare σ-type spirometalla-aromatic system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Bai
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongP. R. China,State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of TechnologyLiaoning 116024P. R. China
| | - Long Yiu Tsang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongP. R. China
| | - Yilun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of TechnologyLiaoning 116024P. R. China,School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of TechnologyPanjinLiaoning 124221P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of TechnologyLiaoning 116024P. R. China,School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of TechnologyPanjinLiaoning 124221P. R. China
| | - Herman H. Y. Sung
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongP. R. China
| | - Ian D. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongP. R. China
| | - Guochen Jia
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongP. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Intra-ring proton transfer effect on the Structure-NLO property relationships of phthalocyanine derivatives. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
7
|
Gu X, Yang L, Jin P. Planar Inorganic Five-Membered Heterocycles with σ+π Dual Aromaticity in Both S0 and T1 States. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:22091-22101. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03116g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic species being aromatic in both the lowest singlet and triplet electronic states (so-called adaptive aromaticity) are scarce. To date, the reported systems are mostly organometallic heterocycles with the aromaticities...
Collapse
|
8
|
Lin L, Zhu J. Computational predictions of adaptive aromaticity for the design of singlet fission materials. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi01442k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The concept of adaptive aromaticity has been demonstrated as an alternative strategy for the design of singlet fission materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Qiu R, Zhu J. Adaptive aromaticity in 16-valence-electron metallazapentalenes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16842-16848. [PMID: 34779463 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03244e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
According to Hückel's and Baird's rules, cyclic species are generally aromatic only either in the lowest singlet state (S0) or in the lowest-lying triplet ππ* excited state (T1). Thus, species with aromaticity both in S0 and T1 states (termed as adaptive aromaticity) are particularly rare. Herein, we carry out density functional theory (DFT) calculations to examine the aromaticity of 16e metallapentalenes containing heteroatoms (N, O). Interestingly, metallazapentalenes show adaptive aromaticity whereas metalloxapentalenes display nonaromaticity in the S0 and T1 states, which is supported by structural, magnetic, and electronic indices. In addition, a series of metallazapentalenes containing strong σ- or π-donor ligands are predicted to achieve adaptive aromaticity. Our findings expand the family of adaptive aromatics significantly, inviting experimental chemists to realize more hetero-metallapentalenes with adaptive aromaticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rulin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gu K, Wang K, Zhou Y, Gao C. Alkali-resistant polyethyleneimine/triglycidyl isocyanurate nanofiltration membrane for treating lignin lye. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
11
|
Qiao L, Chen D, Zhu J, Muñoz-Castro A, Sun ZM. [Bi 6Mo 3(CO) 9] 4-: a multiple local σ-aromatic cluster containing a distorted Bi 6 triangular prism. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3656-3659. [PMID: 33724289 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00734c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first Zintl cluster containing a distorted Bi6 triangular prism, [Bi6Mo3(CO)9]4-, has been synthesized and structurally characterized. Quantum chemical calculations indicated that the distorted cage cluster features multiple local σ-aromaticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Tianjin Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials and Applications, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
|