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Shannar A, Sarwar MS, Kong ANT. A New Frontier in Studying Dietary Phytochemicals in Cancer and in Health: Metabolic and Epigenetic Reprogramming. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2022; 27:335-346. [PMID: 36721757 PMCID: PMC9843711 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2022.27.4.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic rewiring and epigenetic reprogramming are closely inter-related, and mutually regulate each other to control cell growth in cancer initiation, promotion, progression, and metastasis. Epigenetics plays a crucial role in regulating normal cellular functions as well as pathological conditions in many diseases, including cancer. Conversely, certain mitochondrial metabolites are considered as essential cofactors and regulators of epigenetic mechanisms. Furthermore, dysregulation of metabolism promotes tumor cell growth and reprograms the cells to produce metabolites and bioenergy needed to support cancer cell proliferation. Hence, metabolic reprogramming which alters the metabolites/epigenetic cofactors, would drive the epigenetic landscape, including DNA methylation and histone modification, that could lead to cancer initiation, promotion, and progression. Recognizing the diverse array of benefits of phytochemicals, they are gaining increasing interest in cancer interception and treatment. One of the significant mechanisms of cancer interception and treatment by phytochemicals is reprogramming of the key metabolic pathways and remodeling of cancer epigenetics. This review focuses on the metabolic remodeling and epigenetics reprogramming in cancer and investigates the potential mechanisms by which phytochemicals can mitigate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Shannar
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Md. Shahid Sarwar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Ah-Ng Tony Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA,
Correspondence to Ah-Ng Tony Kong,
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2
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Wu R, Li S, Hudlikar R, Wang L, Shannar A, Peter R, Chou PJ, Kuo HCD, Liu Z, Kong AN. Redox signaling, mitochondrial metabolism, epigenetics and redox active phytochemicals. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 179:328-336. [PMID: 33359432 PMCID: PMC8222414 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Biological redox signaling plays an important role in many diseases. Redox signaling involves reductive and oxidative mechanisms. Oxidative stress occurs when reductive mechanism underwhelms oxidative challenges. Cellular oxidative stress occurs when reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (RO/NS) exceed the cellular reductive/antioxidant capacity. Endogenously produced RO/NS from mitochondrial metabolic citric-acid-cycle coupled with electron-transport-chain or exogenous stimuli trigger cellular signaling events leading to homeostatic response or pathological damage. Recent evidence suggests that RO/NS also modulate epigenetic machinery driving gene expression. RO/NS affect DNA methylation/demethylation, histone acetylation/deacetylation or histone methylation/demethylation. Many health beneficial phytochemicals possess redox capability that counteract RO/NS either by directly scavenging the radicals or via inductive mechanism of cellular defense antioxidant/reductive enzymes. Amazingly, these phytochemicals also possess epigenetic modifying ability. This review summarizes the latest advances on the interactions between redox signaling, mitochondrial metabolism, epigenetics and redox active phytochemicals and the future challenges of integrating these events in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Shanyi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Rasika Hudlikar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Lujing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ahmad Shannar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Rebecca Peter
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Pochung Jordan Chou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Hsiao-Chen Dina Kuo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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3
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Zong S, Liu Y, Park HJ, Ye M, Li J. Curcumin solid dispersion based on three model acrylic polymers: formulation and release properties. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e18946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zong
- Hefei University of Technology, PR China; Yangzhou University, PR China
| | - Yuting Liu
- Hefei University of Technology, PR China
| | | | - Ming Ye
- Hefei University of Technology, PR China
| | - Jinglei Li
- Hefei University of Technology, PR China
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4
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Chen EP, Bondi RW, Michalski PJ. Model-based Target Pharmacology Assessment (mTPA): An Approach Using PBPK/PD Modeling and Machine Learning to Design Medicinal Chemistry and DMPK Strategies in Early Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2021; 64:3185-3196. [PMID: 33719432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The optimal pharmacokinetic (PK) required for a drug candidate to elicit efficacy is highly dependent on the targeted pharmacology, a relationship that is often not well characterized during early phases of drug discovery. Generic assumptions around PK and potency risk misguiding screening and compound design toward nonoptimal absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) or molecular properties and ultimately may increase attrition as well as hit-to-lead and lead optimization timelines. The present work introduces model-based target pharmacology assessment (mTPA), a computational approach combining physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) modeling, sensitivity analysis, and machine learning (ML) to elucidate the optimal combination of PK, potency, and ADME specific for the targeted pharmacology. Examples using frequently encountered PK/PD relationships are presented to illustrate its application, and the utility and benefits of deploying such an approach to guide early discovery efforts are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile P Chen
- Systems Modeling and Translational Biology, Computational Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Robert W Bondi
- Systems Modeling and Translational Biology, Computational Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Paul J Michalski
- Systems Modeling and Translational Biology, Computational Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
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Yang J, Miao X, Yang FJ, Cao JF, Liu X, Fu JL, Su GF. Therapeutic potential of curcumin in diabetic retinopathy (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:75. [PMID: 33693955 PMCID: PMC7949626 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a type of retinal microangiopathy caused by diabetes mellitus. It has become the leading cause of blindness among working individuals worldwide. DR is becoming increasingly common among younger diabetic patients and there is a need for lifelong treatment. The pathogenic mechanisms of DR are influenced by a number of factors, such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, inflammatory response and oxidative stress, among others. Currently, the treatment methods for DR mainly include retinal photocoagulation, vitrectomy, or anti‑vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. However, these methods have some disadvantages and limitations. Therefore, it is a matter of great interest and urgency to discover drugs that can target the pathogenesis of DR. Since ancient times, traditional Chinese medicine practitioners have accumulated extensive experiences in the use of Chinese herbal medicine for the prevention and treatment of diseases. In the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, curcumin has the effects of promoting blood circulation and relieving pain. A number of studies have also demonstrated that curcumin has multiple biological activities, including exerting anti‑apoptotic, anti‑inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor properties. In recent years, studies have also confirmed that curcumin can prevent a variety of diabetic complications, including diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the preventive and curative effects of curcumin on DR and its mechanisms of action have not yet been fully elucidated. The present review aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of curcumin in diabetes mellitus and DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Miao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Juan Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Feng Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Ling Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Guan-Fang Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
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6
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Šudomová M, Hassan STS. Nutraceutical Curcumin with Promising Protection against Herpesvirus Infections and Their Associated Inflammation: Mechanisms and Pathways. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9020292. [PMID: 33572685 PMCID: PMC7912164 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpesviruses are DNA viruses that infect humans and animals with the ability to induce latent and lytic infections in their hosts, causing critical health complications. The enrolment of nutraceutical anti-herpesvirus drugs in clinical investigations with promising levels of reduced resistance, free or minimal cellular toxicity, and diverse mechanisms of action might be an effective way to defeat challenges that hurdle the progress of anti-herpesvirus drug development, including the problems with drug resistance and recurrent infections. Therefore, in this review, we aim to hunt down all investigations that feature the curative properties of curcumin, a principal bioactive phenolic compound of the spice turmeric, in regard to various human and animal herpesvirus infections and inflammation connected with these diseases. Curcumin was explored with potent antiherpetic actions against herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2, human cytomegalovirus, Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, Epstein–Barr virus, bovine herpesvirus 1, and pseudorabies virus. The mechanisms and pathways by which curcumin inhibits anti-herpesvirus activities by targeting multiple steps in herpesvirus life/infectious cycle are emphasized. Improved strategies to overcome bioavailability challenges that limit its use in clinical practice, along with approaches and new directions to enhance the anti-herpesvirus efficacy of this compound, are also reviewed. According to the reviewed studies, this paper presents curcumin as a promising natural drug for the prevention and treatment of herpesvirus infections and their associated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Šudomová
- Museum of Literature in Moravia, Klášter 1, 66461 Rajhrad, Czech Republic;
| | - Sherif T. S. Hassan
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 6-Suchdol, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-774-630-604
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7
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Hassanzadeh K, Buccarello L, Dragotto J, Mohammadi A, Corbo M, Feligioni M. Obstacles against the Marketing of Curcumin as a Drug. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6619. [PMID: 32927725 PMCID: PMC7554750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the extensive public and scientific interest in the use of phytochemicals to prevent or treat human diseases in recent years, natural compounds have been highly investigated to elucidate their therapeutic effect on chronic human diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disease. Curcumin, an active principle of the perennial herb Curcuma longa, has attracted an increasing research interest over the last half-century due to its diversity of molecular targets, including transcription factors, enzymes, protein kinases, growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, receptors, and it's interesting pharmacological activities. Despite that, the clinical effectiveness of the native curcumin is weak, owing to its low bioavailability and rapid metabolism. Preclinical data obtained from animal models and phase I clinical studies done in human volunteers confirmed a small amount of intestinal absorption, hepatic first pass effect, and some degree of intestinal metabolism, might explain its poor systemic availability when it is given via the oral route. During the last decade, researchers have attempted with new pharmaceutical methods such as nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, solid dispersions, emulsions, and microspheres to improve the bioavailability of curcumin. As a result, a significant number of bioavailable curcumin-based formulations were introduced with a varying range of enhanced bioavailability. This manuscript critically reviews the available scientific evidence on the basic and clinical effects and molecular targets of curcumin. We also discuss its pharmacokinetic and problems for marketing curcumin as a drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kambiz Hassanzadeh
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI) Rita Levi Montalcini Foundation, Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy; (K.H.); (L.B.); (J.D.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran;
| | - Lucia Buccarello
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI) Rita Levi Montalcini Foundation, Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy; (K.H.); (L.B.); (J.D.)
| | - Jessica Dragotto
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI) Rita Levi Montalcini Foundation, Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy; (K.H.); (L.B.); (J.D.)
| | - Asadollah Mohammadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran;
| | - Massimo Corbo
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa Cura Policlinico, 20144 Milano, Italy;
| | - Marco Feligioni
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI) Rita Levi Montalcini Foundation, Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy; (K.H.); (L.B.); (J.D.)
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa Cura Policlinico, 20144 Milano, Italy;
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8
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Číž M, Dvořáková A, Skočková V, Kubala L. The Role of Dietary Phenolic Compounds in Epigenetic Modulation Involved in Inflammatory Processes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080691. [PMID: 32756302 PMCID: PMC7464822 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of the interactions between dietary phenolic compounds and the epigenetics of inflammation may impact pathological conditions and their treatment. Phenolic compounds are well-known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anti-cancer properties, with potential benefits in the treatment of various human diseases. Emerging studies bring evidence that nutrition may play an essential role in immune system modulation also by altering gene expression. This review discusses epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, post-translational histone modification, and non-coding microRNA activity that regulate the gene expression of molecules involved in inflammatory processes. Special attention is paid to the molecular basis of NF-κB modulation by dietary phenolic compounds. The regulation of histone acetyltransferase and histone deacetylase activity, which all influence NF-κB signaling, seems to be a crucial mechanism of the epigenetic control of inflammation by phenolic compounds. Moreover, chronic inflammatory processes are reported to be closely connected to the major stages of carcinogenesis and other non-communicable diseases. Therefore, dietary phenolic compounds-targeted epigenetics is becoming an attractive approach for disease prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Číž
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.D.); (V.S.); (L.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-541-517-104
| | - Adéla Dvořáková
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.D.); (V.S.); (L.K.)
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Skočková
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.D.); (V.S.); (L.K.)
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Kubala
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.D.); (V.S.); (L.K.)
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
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Alquisiras-Burgos I, Ortiz-Plata A, Franco-Pérez J, Millán A, Aguilera P. Resveratrol reduces cerebral edema through inhibition of de novo SUR1 expression induced after focal ischemia. Exp Neurol 2020; 330:113353. [PMID: 32380020 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral edema is a clinical problem that frequently follows ischemic infarcts. Sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) is an inducible protein that can form a heteromultimeric complex with aquaporin 4 (AQP4) that mediate the ion/water transport involved in brain tissue swelling. Transcription of the Abcc8 gene coding for SUR1 depends on the activity of transcriptional factor SP1, which is modulated by the cellular redox environment. Since oxidative stress is implicated in the induced neuronal damage in ischemia and edema formation, the present study aimed to evaluate if the antioxidant resveratrol (RSV) prevents the damage by reducing the de novo expression of SUR1 in the ischemic brain. Male Wistar rats were subjected to 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by different times of reperfusion. RSV (1.9 mg/kg; i.v.) was administered at the onset of reperfusion. Brain damage and edema formation were recognized by neurological evaluation, time of survival, TTC (2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride) staining, Evans blue extravasation, and water content. RSV mechanism of action was studied by SP1 binding activity measured through the Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay, and Abcc8 and Aqp4 gene expression evaluated by qPCR, immunofluorescence, and Western blot. We found that RSV reduced the infarct area and cerebral edema, prevented blood-brain barrier damage, improved neurological performance, and increased survival. Additionally, our findings suggest that the antioxidant activity of RSV targeted SP transcription factors and inhibited SUR1 and AQP4 expression. Thus, RSV by decreasing SUR1 expression could contribute to reducing edema formation, constituting a therapeutic alternative for edema reduction in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Alquisiras-Burgos
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Insurgentes Sur #3877, CDMX 14269, México
| | - Alma Ortiz-Plata
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Insurgentes Sur #3877, CDMX 14269, México.
| | - Javier Franco-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Formación Reticular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Insurgentes Sur #3877, CDMX 14269, México.
| | - Alejandro Millán
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Lázaro Cárdenas s/n Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39070, México
| | - Penélope Aguilera
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Insurgentes Sur #3877, CDMX 14269, México.
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Wang L, Li W, Cheng D, Guo Y, Wu R, Yin R, Li S, Kuo HC, Hudlikar R, Yang H, Buckley B, Kong AN. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of three oral formulations of curcumin in rats. J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn 2020; 47:131-144. [PMID: 32020381 PMCID: PMC7125022 DOI: 10.1007/s10928-020-09675-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) is a major component of turmeric Curcuma longa, which is often used in food or as a dietary supplement. The purpose of this preclinical study is to investigate the acute pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profiles of two commercially marketed CUR products (GNC and Vitamin Shoppe) and a CUR powder from Sigma in female rats. Plasma samples were collected at specific time points and analyzed for CUR and its metabolite curcumin-O-glucuronide. RNA was extracted from leukocytes and analyzed for the expression of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant genes Nrf2, Ho-1, and Nqo1 by qPCR as selected PD markers. CUR PK was characterized by a 2-compartment model (2CM) after intravenous (IV) or oral administrations. Compared to IV CUR, the absolute bioavailability (F) of CUR for GNC (GC) is 0.9%, Vitamin Shoppe (VC) is 0.6% and Sigma (SC) is 3.1%. Pharmacodynamically, all three formulations showed induction of antioxidant Nrf2, Ho-1 and Nqo1 gene expression in rat leucocytes. PK/PD modeling of CUR's effect on antioxidant gene expression was well captured by an indirect response model. Physiologically based PK modeling and simulation using GastroPlus described the observed PK data reasonably well. In summary, our current study shows that the absolute oral bioavailability of the parent CUR was very low for all three formulations. However, despite the low CUR plasma concentrations, all three oral CUR formulations displayed PD response in the induction of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant genes, suggesting the potential of oral CUR contributing to the overall health beneficial effects of oral CUR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Wenji Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - David Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Renyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ran Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Shanyi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Hsiao-Chen Kuo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Rasika Hudlikar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Hilly Yang
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Brian Buckley
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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11
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Cione E, La Torre C, Cannataro R, Caroleo MC, Plastina P, Gallelli L. Quercetin, Epigallocatechin Gallate, Curcumin, and Resveratrol: From Dietary Sources to Human MicroRNA Modulation. Molecules 2019; 25:molecules25010063. [PMID: 31878082 PMCID: PMC6983040 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies suggest that dietary polyphenol intake is associated with a lower incidence of several non-communicable diseases. Although several foods contain complex mixtures of polyphenols, numerous factors can affect their content. Besides the well-known capability of these molecules to act as antioxidants, they are able to interact with cell-signaling pathways, modulating gene expression, influencing the activity of transcription factors, and modulating microRNAs. Here we deeply describe four polyphenols used as nutritional supplements: quercetin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate (ECGC), and curcumin, summarizing the current knowledge about them, spanning from dietary sources to the epigenetic capabilities of these compounds on microRNA modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Cione
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Chiara La Torre
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Roberto Cannataro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Caroleo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Pierluigi Plastina
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Luca Gallelli
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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12
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Evidence Supporting the Hypothesis That Inflammation-Induced Vasospasm Is Involved in the Pathogenesis of Acquired Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Int J Otolaryngol 2019; 2019:4367240. [PMID: 31781229 PMCID: PMC6875011 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4367240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is mainly acquired and affects an estimated 1.3 billion humans worldwide. It is related to aging, noise, infection, ototoxic drugs, and genetic defects. It is essential to identify reversible and preventable causes to be able to reduce the burden of this disease. Inflammation is involved in most causes and leads to tissue injury through vasospasm-associated ischemia. Vasospasm is reversible. This review summarized evidence linking inflammation-induced vasospasm to several forms of acquired sensorineural hearing loss. The link between vasospasm and sensorineural hearing loss is directly evident in subarachnoid haemorrhage, which involves the release of vasoconstriction-inducing cytokines like interleukin-1, endothelin-1, and tumour necrosis factor. These proinflammatory cytokines can also be released in response to infection, autoimmune disease, and acute or chronically increased inflammation in the ageing organism as in presbyacusis or in noise-induced cochlear injury. Evidence of vasospasm and hearing loss has also been discovered in bacterial meningitis and brain injury. Resolution of inflammation-induced vasospasm has been associated with improvement of hearing in autoimmune diseases involving overproduction of interleukin-1 from inflammasomes. There is mainly indirect evidence for vasospasm-associated sensorineural hearing loss in most forms of systemic or injury- or infection-induced local vascular inflammation. This opens up avenues in prevention and treatment of vascular and systemic inflammation as well as vasospasm itself as a way to prevent and treat most forms of acquired sensorineural hearing loss. Future research needs to investigate interventions antagonising vasospasm and vasospasm-inducing proinflammatory cytokines and their production in randomised controlled trials of prevention and treatment of acquired sensorineural hearing loss. Prime candidates for interventions are hereby inflammasome inhibitors and vasospasm-reducing drugs like nitric oxide donors, rho-kinase inhibitors, and magnesium which have the potential to reduce sensorineural hearing loss in meningitis, exposure to noise, brain injury, arteriosclerosis, and advanced age-related and autoimmune disease-related inflammation.
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13
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Wei L, Wu S, Shi W, Aldrich AL, Kielian T, Carlson MA, Sun R, Qin X, Duan B. Large-Scale and Rapid Preparation of Nanofibrous Meshes and Their Application for Drug-Loaded Multilayer Mucoadhesive Patch Fabrication for Mouth Ulcer Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:28740-28751. [PMID: 31334627 PMCID: PMC7082812 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Electrospinning provides a simple and convenient method to fabricate nanofibrous meshes. However, the nanofiber productivity is often limited to the laboratory scale, which cannot satisfy the requirements of practical application. In this study, we developed a novel needleless electrospinning spinneret based on a double-ring slit to fabricate drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes. In contrast to the conventional single-needle electrospinning spinneret, our needless spinneret can significantly improve nanofiber productivity due to the simultaneous formation of multiple jets during electrospinning. Curcumin-loaded poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber meshes with various concentrations and on the large scale were manufactured by employing our developed needleless spinneret-based electrospinning device. We systematically investigated the drug release behaviors, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory attributes, and cytotoxicity of the curcumin-loaded PLLA nanofibrous meshes. Furthermore, a bilayer nanofibrous composite mesh was successfully generated by electrospinning curcumin-loaded PLLA solution and diclofenac sodium loaded poly(ethylene oxide) solution in a predetermined time sequence, which revealed potent antibacterial properties. Subsequently, novel mucoadhesive patches were assembled by combining the bilayer composite nanofibrous meshes with (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose based mucoadhesive film. The multilayered mucoadhesive patch has excellent adhesion properties on the porcine buccal mucosa. Overall, our double-ring slit spinneret can provide a novel method to rapidly produce large-scale drug-loaded nanofibrous meshes to fabricate mucoadhesive patches. The multiple-layered mucoadhesive patches enable the incorporation of multiple drugs with different targets of action, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial compounds, for mouth ulcer or other oral disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wei
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Shaohua Wu
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Wen Shi
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Amy L. Aldrich
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Tammy Kielian
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Mark A. Carlson
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Department of Surgery, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Runjun Sun
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Bin Duan
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Department of Surgery, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68516, USA
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14
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Cheng D, Li W, Wang L, Lin T, Poiani G, Wassef A, Hudlikar R, Ondar P, Brunetti L, Kong AN. Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and PKPD Modeling of Curcumin in Regulating Antioxidant and Epigenetic Gene Expression in Healthy Human Volunteers. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:1881-1889. [PMID: 30860383 PMCID: PMC6710832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a major component of the spice turmeric ( Curcuma longa), often used in food or as a dietary supplement. Many preclinical studies on curcumin suggest health benefits in many diseases due to its antioxidant/anti-inflammatory and epigenetic effects. The few human studies and curcumin's unfavorable pharmacokinetics (PK) have limited its potential, leading researchers to study and develop formulations to improve its PK. The purpose of this clinical study is to describe the acute pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of commercially marketed curcumin in normal, healthy human volunteers. Twelve volunteers received a 4 g dose of curcumin capsules with a standard breakfast. Plasma samples were collected at specified time points and analyzed for curcumin and its glucuronide levels. RNA was extracted from leukocytes and analyzed for expression of select antioxidant and epigenetic histone deacetylase (HDAC) genes. Plasma levels of parent curcumin were below the detection limit by HPLC-ITMS/MS/MS. However, curcumin-O-glucuronide (COG), a major metabolite of curcumin, was detected as soon as 30 min. These observations of little to no curcumin and some levels of metabolite are in line with previous studies. PD marker antioxidant genes NRF2, HO-1, and NQO1 and epigenetic genes HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, and HDAC4 were quantified by qPCR. COG PK is well-described by a one-compartment model, and the PK/PD of COG and its effect on antioxidant and epigenetic gene expression are captured by an indirect response model (IDR). A structural population PK model was sequentially established using a nonlinear mixed-effect model program (Monolix Lixoft, Orsay, France). Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling (PBPK) and simulation using Simcyp correlated well with the observed data. Taken together, these results show that the bioavailability of the parent curcumin compound is low, and oral administration of curcumin can still deliver detectable levels of curcumin glucuronide metabolite. But most importantly, it elicits antioxidant and epigenetic effects which could contribute to the overall health beneficial effects of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Wenji Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China; Jiangsu Key laboratory of integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for prevention and treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Lujing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Tiffany Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - George Poiani
- Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital-Somerset, NJ and Division of Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Andrew Wassef
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Rasika Hudlikar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Patricia Ondar
- Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Luigi Brunetti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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15
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Patera F, Cudzich-Madry A, Huang Z, Fragiadaki M. Renal expression of JAK2 is high in polycystic kidney disease and its inhibition reduces cystogenesis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4491. [PMID: 30872773 PMCID: PMC6418191 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41106-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common renal genetic disorder, however it still lacks a cure. The discovery of new therapies heavily depends on understanding key signalling pathways that lead to ADPKD. The JAnus Kinase and Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is aberrantly activated and contributes to ADPKD pathogenesis via enhancing epithelial proliferation. Yet the mechanisms underlying the upregulation of JAK/STAT activity in this disease context is completely unknown. Here, we investigate the role of JAK2 in ADPKD using a murine model of ADPKD (Pkd1nl/nl). In normal kidneys, JAK2 expression is limited to tubular epithelial and vascular cells with lesser staining in bowman’s capsule and remains below detection level in the interstitium. By contrast, in kidneys of mice with ADPKD, JAK2 is higher in cyst-lining cells when compared to normal tubules and critically, it is ectopically expressed in the interstitium, suggesting that ectopic JAK2 may contribute to ADPKD. JAK2 activity was inhibited using either curcumin, a natural compound with strong JAK2 inhibitor activity, or Tofacitinib, a clinically used selective JAK small molecule inhibitor. JAK2 inhibition led to significantly reduced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3 and markedly reduced cystic growth of human and mouse ADPKD-derived cells in cystogenesis assays. Taken together, our results indicate that blockade of JAK2 shows promise as a novel therapeutic target in ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foteini Patera
- Academic Nephrology Unit, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Cudzich-Madry
- Academic Nephrology Unit, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Zhi Huang
- Academic Nephrology Unit, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Fragiadaki
- Academic Nephrology Unit, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom.
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16
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Ghasemian A, Fattahi A, Shokouhi Mostafavi SK, Almarzoqi AH, Memariani M, Ben Braiek O, Yassine HM, Mostafavi NSS, Ahmed MM, Mirforughi SA. Herbal medicine as an auspicious therapeutic approach for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection: A concise review. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16847-16860. [PMID: 30847906 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) causes gastric mucosa inflammation and gastric cancer mostly via several virulence factors. Induction of proinflammatory pathways plays a crucial role in chronic inflammation, gastric carcinoma, and H. pylori pathogenesis. Herbal medicines (HMs) are nontoxic, inexpensive, and mostly anti-inflammatory reminding meticulous emphasis on the elimination of H. pylori and gastric cancer. Several HM has exerted paramount anti-H. pylori traits. In addition, they exert anti-inflammatory effects through several cellular circuits such as inhibition of 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor-κB, and activator protein-1 pathway activation leading to the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1α [IL-1α], IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, interferon γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α) expression. Furthermore, they inhibit nitrous oxide release and COX-2 and iNOS activity. The apoptosis induction in Th1 and Th17-polarized lymphocytes and M2-macrophagic polarization and STAT6 activation has also been exhibited. Thus, their exact consumable amount has not been revealed, and clinical trials are needed to achieve optimal concentration and their pharmacokinetics. In the aspect of bioavailability, solubility, absorption, and metabolism of herbal compounds, nanocarriers such as poly lactideco-glycolide-based loading and related formulations are helpful. Noticeably, combined therapies accompanied by probiotics can also be examined for better clearance of gastric mucosa. In addition, downregulation of inflammatory microRNAs (miRNAs) by HMs and upregulation of those anti-inflammatory miRNAs is proposed to protect the gastric mucosa. Thus there is anticipation that in near future HM-based formulations and proper delivery systems are possibly applicable against gastric cancer or other ailments because of H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolmajid Ghasemian
- Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Fattahi
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Disease and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Hussein Almarzoqi
- Department of Biology, College of Science for Women, Babylon University, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Mojtaba Memariani
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Olfa Ben Braiek
- Laboratory of Microorganisms and Active Biomolecules, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El-Manar, El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Hadi M Yassine
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Mohanad Mohsin Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
| | - Seyede Amene Mirforughi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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17
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Li C, Miao X, Li F, Adhikari BK, Liu Y, Sun J, Zhang R, Cai L, Liu Q, Wang Y. Curcuminoids: Implication for inflammation and oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1302-1317. [PMID: 30834628 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
It has been extensively verified that inflammation and oxidative stress play important roles in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Curcuminoids, from the plant Curcuma longa, have three major active ingredients, which include curcumin (curcumin I), demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Curcuminoids have been used in traditional medicine for CVDs' management and other comorbidities for centuries. Numerous studies had delineated their anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and other medicinally relevant properties. Animal experiments and clinical trials have also demonstrated that turmeric and curcuminoids can effectively reduce atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, hypertension, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and diabetic cardiovascular complications. In this review, we introduce and summarize curcuminoids' molecular and biological significance, while focusing on their mechanistic anti-inflammatory/antioxidative involvements in CVDs and preventive effects against CVDs, and, finally, discuss relevant clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao Miao
- Department of ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Fengsheng Li
- General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China
| | - Binay Kumar Adhikari
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yucheng Liu
- A.T. Still University School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona, Mesa, AZ, USA
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Radiation Oncology, Pharmacology & Toxicology, The University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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