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Pajanoja C, Hsin J, Olinger B, Schiffmacher A, Yazejian R, Abrams S, Dapkunas A, Zainul Z, Doyle AD, Martin D, Kerosuo L. Maintenance of pluripotency-like signature in the entire ectoderm leads to neural crest stem cell potential. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5941. [PMID: 37741818 PMCID: PMC10518019 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41384-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of the pluripotent epiblast to contribute progeny to all three germ layers is thought to be lost after gastrulation. The later-forming neural crest (NC) rises from ectoderm and it remains poorly understood how its exceptionally high stem-cell potential to generate mesodermal- and endodermal-like derivatives is obtained. Here, we monitor transcriptional changes from gastrulation to neurulation using single-cell-Multiplex-Spatial-Transcriptomics (scMST) complemented with RNA-sequencing. We show maintenance of pluripotency-like signature (Nanog, Oct4/PouV, Klf4-positive) in undecided pan-ectodermal stem-cells spanning the entire ectoderm late during neurulation with ectodermal patterning completed only at the end of neurulation when the pluripotency-like signature becomes restricted to NC, challenging our understanding of gastrulation. Furthermore, broad ectodermal pluripotency-like signature is found at multiple axial levels unrelated to the NC lineage the cells later commit to, suggesting a general role in stemness enhancement and proposing a mechanism by which the NC acquires its ability to form derivatives beyond "ectodermal-capacity" in chick and mouse embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Pajanoja
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Intramural Research Program, Neural Crest Development and Disease Unit, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenny Hsin
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Intramural Research Program, Neural Crest Development and Disease Unit, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bradley Olinger
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Intramural Research Program, Neural Crest Development and Disease Unit, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Schiffmacher
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Intramural Research Program, Neural Crest Development and Disease Unit, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Rita Yazejian
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Intramural Research Program, Neural Crest Development and Disease Unit, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shaun Abrams
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Intramural Research Program, Neural Crest Development and Disease Unit, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arvydas Dapkunas
- Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zarin Zainul
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Intramural Research Program, Neural Crest Development and Disease Unit, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew D Doyle
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Intramural Research Program, NIDCR Imaging Core, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Martin
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Intramural Research Program, Genomics and Computational Biology Core, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laura Kerosuo
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Intramural Research Program, Neural Crest Development and Disease Unit, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Bardag Gorce F, Al Dahan M, Narwani K, Terrazas J, Ferrini M, Calhoun CC, Uyanne J, Royce-Flores J, Crum E, Niihara Y. Human Oral Mucosa as a Potentially Effective Source of Neural Crest Stem Cells for Clinical Practice. Cells 2023; 12:2216. [PMID: 37759439 PMCID: PMC10526281 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We report in this study on the isolation and expansion of neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) from the epithelium of oral mucosa (OM) using reagents that are GMP-certified and FDA-approved for clinical use. Characterization analysis showed that the levels of keratins K2, K6C, K4, K13, K31, and K15-specific to OM epithelial cells-were significantly lower in the experimental NCSCs. While SOX10 was decreased with no statistically significant difference, the earliest neural crest specifier genes SNAI1/2, Ap2a, Ap2c, SOX9, SOX30, Pax3, and Twist1 showed a trend in increased expression in NCSCs. In addition, proteins of Oct4, Nestin and Noth1 were found to be greatly expressed, confirming NCSC multipotency. In conclusion, our study showed that the epithelium of OM contains NCSCs that can be isolated and expanded with clinical-grade reagents to supply the demand for multipotent cells required for clinical applications in regenerative medicine. Supported by Emmaus Medical Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawzia Bardag Gorce
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA (Y.N.)
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Hospital Dentistry, Department of Surgery Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
- Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Mais Al Dahan
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA (Y.N.)
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Hospital Dentistry, Department of Surgery Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Kavita Narwani
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA (Y.N.)
| | - Jesus Terrazas
- Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Monica Ferrini
- Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Colonya C. Calhoun
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA (Y.N.)
- Department of Surgery, UCLA, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Hospital Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jettie Uyanne
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA (Y.N.)
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Hospital Dentistry, Department of Surgery Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jun Royce-Flores
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA (Y.N.)
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Hospital Dentistry, Department of Surgery Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
- UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Eric Crum
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Hospital Dentistry, Department of Surgery Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
- Department of Surgery, UCLA, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yutaka Niihara
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA (Y.N.)
- Emmaus Medical, Inc., Torrance, CA 90503, USA
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Parast SM, Yu D, Chen C, Dickinson AJ, Chang C, Wang H. Recognition of H2AK119ub plays an important role in RSF1-regulated early Xenopus development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1168643. [PMID: 37529237 PMCID: PMC10389277 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1168643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are key regulators of gene expression and developmental programs via covalent modification of histones, but the factors that interpret histone modification marks to regulate embryogenesis are less studied. We previously identified Remodeling and Spacing Factor 1 (RSF1) as a reader of histone H2A lysine 119 ubiquitination (H2AK119ub), the histone mark deposited by Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1). In the current study, we used Xenopus laevis as a model to investigate how RSF1 affects early embryonic development and whether recognition of H2AK119ub is important for the function of RSF1. We showed that knockdown of Xenopus RSF1, rsf1, not only induced gastrulation defects as reported previously, but specific targeted knockdown in prospective neural precursors induced neural and neural crest defects, with reductions of marker genes. In addition, similar to knockdown of PRC1 components in Xenopus, the anterior-posterior neural patterning was affected in rsf1 knockdown embryos. Binding of H2AK119ub appeared to be crucial for rsf1 function, as a construct with deletion of the UAB domain, which is required for RSF1 to recognize the H2AK119ub nucleosomes, failed to rescue rsf1 morphant embryos and was less effective in interfering with early Xenopus development when ectopically expressed. Furthermore, ectopic deposition of H2AK119ub on the Smad2 target gene gsc using a ring1a-smad2 fusion protein led to ectopic recruitment of RSF1. The fusion protein was inefficient in inducing mesodermal markers in the animal region or a secondary axis when expressed in the ventral tissues. Taken together, our results reveal that rsf1 modulates similar developmental processes in early Xenopus embryos as components of PRC1 do, and that RSF1 acts at least partially through binding to the H2AK119ub mark via the UAB domain during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Mohammad Parast
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Deli Yu
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Chunxu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Amanda J. Dickinson
- Department of Biology, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Chenbei Chang
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Hengbin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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Himelreich Perić M, Takahashi M, Ježek D, Cunha GR. Early development of the human embryonic testis. Differentiation 2023; 129:4-16. [PMID: 35961887 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Human gonadal development culminating in testicular differentiation is described through analysis of histologic sections derived from 33-day to 20-week human embryos/fetuses, focusing on early development (4-8 weeks of gestation). Our study updates the comprehensive studies of Felix (1912), van Wagenen and Simpson (1965), and Juric-Lekic et al. (2013), which were published in books and thus are unsearchable via PubMed. Human gonads develop from the germinal ridge, a thickening of coelomic epithelium on the medial side of the urogenital ridge. The bilateral urogenital ridges contain elements of the mesonephric kidney, namely the mesonephric duct, mesonephric tubules, and mesonephric glomeruli. The germinal ridge, into which primordial germ cells migrate, is initially recognized as a thickening of coelomic epithelium on the urogenital ridge late in the 4th week of gestation. Subsequently, in the 5th week of gestation, a dense mesenchyme develops sub-adjacent to the epithelium of the germinal ridge, and together these elements bulge into the coelomic cavity forming bilateral longitudinal ridges attached to the urogenital ridges. During development, primordial cells migrate into the germinal ridge and subsequently into testicular cords that form within the featureless dense mesenchyme of the germinal ridge at 6-8 weeks of gestation. The initial low density of testicular cords seen at 8 weeks remodels into a dense array of testicular cords surrounded by α-actin-positive myoid cells during the second trimester. Human testicular development shares many features with that of mice being derived from 4 elements: coelomic epithelium, sub-adjacent mesenchyme, primordial germ cells, and the mesonephros.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Himelreich Perić
- Scientific Centre of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marta Takahashi
- Department of Communication Sciences, Catholic University of Croatia, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Ježek
- Scientific Centre of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia; Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gerald R Cunha
- Department of Urology, University of California, 400 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
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