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Plenča K, Cvetnić S, Prskalo H, Kovačić M, Cvetnić M, Kušić H, Matusinović Z, Kraljić Roković M, Genorio B, Lavrenčič Štangar U, Lončarić Božić A. Biomass Pyrolysis-Derived Biochar: A Versatile Precursor for Graphene Synthesis. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7658. [PMID: 38138800 PMCID: PMC10744795 DOI: 10.3390/ma16247658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Graphene, a two-dimensional carbon allotrope with a honeycomb structure, has emerged as a material of immense interest in diverse scientific and technical domains. It is mainly produced from graphite by mechanical, chemical and electrochemical exfoliation. As renewable energy and source utilization increase, including bioenergy from forest and woody residues, processed, among other methods, by pyrolysis treatment, it can be expected that biochar production will increase too. Thus, its useful applications, particularly in obtaining high-added-value products, need to be fully explored. This study aims at presenting a comprehensive analysis derived from experimental data, offering insights into the potential of biomass pyrolysis-derived biochar as a versatile precursor for the controlled synthesis of graphene and its derivatives. This approach comprehended the highest energy output and lowest negative environmental footprint, including the minimization of both toxic gas emissions during processing and heavy metals' presence in the feedstock, toward obtaining biochar suitable to be modified, employing the Hummers and intercalation with persulfate salts methods, aiming at deriving graphene-like materials. Material characterization has revealed that besides morphology and structural features of the original wooden biomass, graphitized structures are present as well, which is proven clearly by Raman and XPS analyses. Electrochemical tests revealed higher conductivity in modified samples, implying their graphene-like nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Plenča
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.P.); (M.K.); (M.C.); (M.K.R.)
| | - Sara Cvetnić
- Department for Safety and Protection Engineering, Karlovac University of Applied Sciences, Trg J.J. Strossmayera 9, 47000 Karlovac, Croatia; (S.C.); (H.P.); (Z.M.)
| | - Helena Prskalo
- Department for Safety and Protection Engineering, Karlovac University of Applied Sciences, Trg J.J. Strossmayera 9, 47000 Karlovac, Croatia; (S.C.); (H.P.); (Z.M.)
| | - Marin Kovačić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.P.); (M.K.); (M.C.); (M.K.R.)
| | - Matija Cvetnić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.P.); (M.K.); (M.C.); (M.K.R.)
| | - Hrvoje Kušić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.P.); (M.K.); (M.C.); (M.K.R.)
- Department for Packaging, Recycling and Environmental Protection, University North, Trg dr. Žarka Dolinara 1, 48000 Koprivnica, Croatia
| | - Zvonimir Matusinović
- Department for Safety and Protection Engineering, Karlovac University of Applied Sciences, Trg J.J. Strossmayera 9, 47000 Karlovac, Croatia; (S.C.); (H.P.); (Z.M.)
| | - Marijana Kraljić Roković
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.P.); (M.K.); (M.C.); (M.K.R.)
| | - Boštjan Genorio
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (B.G.); (U.L.Š.)
| | - Urška Lavrenčič Štangar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (B.G.); (U.L.Š.)
| | - Ana Lončarić Božić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.P.); (M.K.); (M.C.); (M.K.R.)
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Hall A, Mattison D, Singh N, Chatzistamou I, Zhang J, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti P. Effect of TCDD exposure in adult female and male mice on the expression of miRNA in the ovaries and testes and associated reproductive functions. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1268293. [PMID: 37854252 PMCID: PMC10579805 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1268293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is an environmental contaminant found widely across the world. While animal and human studies have shown that exposure to TCDD may cause significant alterations in the reproductive tract, the effect of TCDD on the expression of miRNA in the reproductive organs has not been previously tested. In the current study, we exposed adult female or male mice to TCDD or vehicle and bred them to study the impact on reproduction. The data showed that while TCDD treatment of females caused no significant change in litter size, it did alter the survival of the pups. Also, TCDD exposure of either the male or female mice led to an increase in the gestational period. While TCDD did not alter the gross morphology of the ovaries and testes, it induced significant alterations in the miRNA expression. The ovaries showed the differential expression of 426 miRNAs, of which 315 miRNAs were upregulated and 111 miRNA that were downregulated after TCDD exposure when compared to the vehicle controls. In the testes, TCDD caused the differential expression of 433 miRNAs, with 247 miRNAs upregulated and 186 miRNAs downregulated. Pathway analysis showed that several of these dysregulated miRNAs targeted reproductive functions. The current study suggests that the reproductive toxicity of TCDD may result from alterations in the miRNA expression in the reproductive organs. Because miRNAs also represent one of the epigenetic pathways of gene expression, our studies suggest that the transgenerational toxicity of TCDD may also result from dysregulation in the miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Hall
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Donald Mattison
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Narendra Singh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Ioulia Chatzistamou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
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Kobets T, Smith BPC, Williams GM. Food-Borne Chemical Carcinogens and the Evidence for Human Cancer Risk. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182828. [PMID: 36140952 PMCID: PMC9497933 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Commonly consumed foods and beverages can contain chemicals with reported carcinogenic activity in rodent models. Moreover, exposures to some of these substances have been associated with increased cancer risks in humans. Food-borne carcinogens span a range of chemical classes and can arise from natural or anthropogenic sources, as well as form endogenously. Important considerations include the mechanism(s) of action (MoA), their relevance to human biology, and the level of exposure in diet. The MoAs of carcinogens have been classified as either DNA-reactive (genotoxic), involving covalent reaction with nuclear DNA, or epigenetic, involving molecular and cellular effects other than DNA reactivity. Carcinogens are generally present in food at low levels, resulting in low daily intakes, although there are some exceptions. Carcinogens of the DNA-reactive type produce effects at lower dosages than epigenetic carcinogens. Several food-related DNA-reactive carcinogens, including aflatoxins, aristolochic acid, benzene, benzo[a]pyrene and ethylene oxide, are recognized by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as causes of human cancer. Of the epigenetic type, the only carcinogen considered to be associated with increased cancer in humans, although not from low-level food exposure, is dioxin (TCDD). Thus, DNA-reactive carcinogens in food represent a much greater risk than epigenetic carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetyana Kobets
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-914-594-3105; Fax: +1-914-594-4163
| | - Benjamin P. C. Smith
- Future Ready Food Safety Hub, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Gary M. Williams
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
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Ton ND, Nakagawa H, Ha NH, Duong NT, Nhung VP, Hien LTT, Hue HTT, Hoang NH, Wong JH, Nakano K, Maejima K, Sasaki-Oku A, Tsunoda T, Fujimoto A, Van Hai N. Whole genome sequencing and mutation rate analysis of trios with paternal dioxin exposure. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1384-1392. [PMID: 29969170 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) or dioxin, is commonly considered the most toxic man-made substance. Dioxin exposure impacts human health and diseases, birth defects and teratogenesis were frequently observed in children of persons who have been exposed to dioxin. However, the impact of dioxin on human mutation rate in trios has not yet been elucidated at the whole genome level. To identify and characterize the genetic alterations in the individuals exposed to dioxin, we performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) of nine Vietnamese trios whose fathers were exposed to dioxin. In total, 846 de novo point mutations, 26 de novo insertions and deletions, 4 de novo structural variations, and 1 de novo copy number variation were identified. The number of point mutations and dioxin concentrations were positively correlated (P-value < 0.05). Considering the substitution pattern, the number of A > T/T > A mutation and the dioxin concentration was positively correlated (P-value < 0.05). Our analysis also identified one possible disease-related mutation in LAMA5 in one trio. These findings suggested that dioxin exposure might affect father genomes of trios leading to de novo mutations in their children. Further analysis with larger sample sizes would be required to better clarify mutation rates and substitution patterns in trios caused by dioxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Dang Ton
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam.,Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidewaki Nakagawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nguyen Hai Ha
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thuy Duong
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Vu Phuong Nhung
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Thu Hien
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Huynh Thi Thu Hue
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Huy Hoang
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Jing Hao Wong
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kaoru Nakano
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Maejima
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Sasaki-Oku
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Tsunoda
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Medical Science Mathematics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Fujimoto
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nong Van Hai
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam
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Herbicide Exposure, Vietnam Service, and Hypertension Risk in Army Chemical Corps Veterans. J Occup Environ Med 2016; 58:1127-1136. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Boffetta P, Scialli AR. TCDD and birth weight of Vietnamese infants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:17857-17858. [PMID: 27344653 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7106-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Boffetta
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anthony R Scialli
- Scialli Consulting LLC, 1050 30th St NW, Washington DC, 20007, USA.
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington DC, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA.
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