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Liu Y, Tang Q, Tao Q, Dong H, Shi Z, Zhou L. Low-frequency magnetic field therapy for glioblastoma: Current advances, mechanisms, challenges and future perspectives. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00125-5. [PMID: 38565404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant tumour of the central nervous system. Despite recent advances in multimodal GBM therapy incorporating surgery, radiotherapy, systemic therapy (chemotherapy, targeted therapy), and supportive care, the overall survival (OS) remains poor, and long-term survival is rare. Currently, the primary obstacles hindering the effectiveness of GBM treatment are still the blood-brain barrier and tumor heterogeneity. In light of its substantial advantages over conventional therapies, such as strong penetrative ability and minimal side effects, low-frequency magnetic fields (LF-MFs) therapy has gradually caught the attention of scientists. AIM OF REVIEW In this review, we shed the light on the current status of applying LF-MFs in the treatment of GBM. We specifically emphasize our current understanding of the mechanisms by which LF-MFs mediate anticancer effects and the challenges faced by LF-MFs in treating GBM cells. Furthermore, we discuss the prospective applications of magnetic field therapy in the future treatment of GBM. Key scientific concepts of review: The review explores the current progress on the use of LF-MFs in the treatment of GBM with a special focus on the potential underlying mechanisms of LF-MFs in anticancer effects. Additionally, we also discussed the complex magnetic field features and biological characteristics related to magnetic bioeffects. Finally, we proposed a promising magnetic field treatment strategy for future applications in GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China
| | - Qisheng Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, China; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, China
| | - Quan Tao
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, China
| | - Zhifeng Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, China; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, China.
| | - Liangfu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, China; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, China.
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2
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Hambarde S, Manalo JM, Baskin DS, Sharpe MA, Helekar SA. Spinning magnetic field patterns that cause oncolysis by oxidative stress in glioma cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19264. [PMID: 37935811 PMCID: PMC10630398 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46758-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Raising reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in cancer cells to cause macromolecular damage and cell death is a promising anticancer treatment strategy. Observations that electromagnetic fields (EMF) elevate intracellular ROS and cause cancer cell death, have led us to develop a new portable wearable EMF device that generates spinning oscillating magnetic fields (sOMF) to selectively kill cancer cells while sparing normal cells in vitro and to shrink GBM tumors in vivo through a novel mechanism. Here, we characterized the precise configurations and timings of sOMF stimulation that produce cytotoxicity due to a critical rise in superoxide in two types of human glioma cells. We also found that the antioxidant Trolox reverses the cytotoxic effect of sOMF on glioma cells indicating that ROS play a causal role in producing the effect. Our findings clarify the link between the physics of magnetic stimulation and its mechanism of anticancer action, facilitating the development of a potential new safe noninvasive device-based treatment for GBM and other gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Hambarde
- Kenneth R. Peak Center for Brain and Pituitary Tumor Treatment and Research, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeanne M Manalo
- Kenneth R. Peak Center for Brain and Pituitary Tumor Treatment and Research, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David S Baskin
- Kenneth R. Peak Center for Brain and Pituitary Tumor Treatment and Research, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martyn A Sharpe
- Kenneth R. Peak Center for Brain and Pituitary Tumor Treatment and Research, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Santosh A Helekar
- Kenneth R. Peak Center for Brain and Pituitary Tumor Treatment and Research, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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3
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Ramazi S, Salimian M, Allahverdi A, Kianamiri S, Abdolmaleki P. Synergistic cytotoxic effects of an extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field with doxorubicin on MCF-7 cell line. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8844. [PMID: 37258563 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35767-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in women worldwide. Magnetic fields have shown anti-tumor effects in vitro and in vivo as a non-invasive therapy method that can affect cellular metabolism remotely. Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most commonly used drugs for treating breast cancer patients. It can be assumed that combining chemotherapy and magnetotherapy is one of the most effective treatments for breast cancer. This study aimed to investigate the potential cytotoxic effect of DOX at low concentrations in combination with extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF; 50 Hz; 20 mT). The breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was examined for oxidative stress, cell cycle, and apoptosis. MCF-7 cells were treated with various concentrations of DOX as an apoptosis-inducing agent and ELF-EMF. Cytotoxicity was examined using the MTT colorimetric assay at 12, 24, and 48 h. Consequently, concentration- and time-dependent cytotoxicity was observed in MCF-7 cells for DOX within 24 h. The MTT assay results used showed that a 2 μM concentration of DOX reduced cell viability to 50% compared with control, and as well, the combination of ELF-EMF and DOX reduced cell viability to 50% compared with control at > 0.25 μM doses for 24 h. In MCF-7 cells, combining 0.25 μM DOX with ELF-EMF resulted in increased ROS levels and DOX-induced apoptosis. Flow cytometry analysis, on the other hand, revealed enhanced arrest of MCF-7 cells in the G0-G1 phase of the cell cycle, as well as inducing apoptotic cell death in MCF-7 cells, implying that the synergistic effects of 0.25 μM DOX and ELF-EMF may represent a novel and effective agent against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Ramazi
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, P.O. Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mani Salimian
- Department of Nano-Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdollah Allahverdi
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, P.O. Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahla Kianamiri
- Department of Nanotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Parviz Abdolmaleki
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, P.O. Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Sun J, Tong Y, Jia Y, Jia X, Wang H, Chen Y, Wu J, Jin W, Ma Z, Cao K, Li X, Chen Z, Yang G. Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on the tumor cell inhibition and the possible mechanism. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6989. [PMID: 37117238 PMCID: PMC10147919 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-frequency magnetic fields exert a significant inhibitory effect on tumor growth and have been developed as a therapeutic modality. However, the effect of a low-frequency magnetic field on the interaction between cells is still poorly understood. This study aimed to preliminarily evaluate the direct effect of magnetic field ditectely on cultured cells and indirect effect mediated by cell-environment (conditioned medium). 293 T cells, Hepg2 cells, A549 cells have been cultured at 37 ± 0.18 °C in presence of an extremely low-frequency magnetic field of 20 Hz, 5-mT. The adherent tumor cells were more sensitive to magnetic field inhibition in the original environment (conditioned medium) with adherence inhibition rate for Hepg2 and A549 estimated at 18% and 30% respectively. The inhibition effect was suppressed when the suspended cells separated or clump density at a low density. The nontumor cell lines showed no inhibitory effect on exposure to a low-frequency magnetic field. The intracellular ion fluorescence (IIF) showed that the magnetic field significantly altered the membrane potential, indicating hyperpolarization of the adherent cells (ΔIIF 293 T cells: - 25%, ΔIIF Hepg2 cells: - 20% and ΔIIF A549 cells: - 13%) and depolarization of the suspended cells (ΔIIF Raji cells: + 9%). In addition, the conditioned media collected after magnetic field exposure acted on unexposed tumor cells and caused inhibition. Our findings might provide a basis for the mechanism of magnetic field interaction between cells and cell environment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- International Research Center for Biological Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Aquatic Animal Pathogen Collection Center, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding Center, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yingying Tong
- International Research Center for Biological Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Aquatic Animal Pathogen Collection Center, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding Center, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yu Jia
- International Research Center for Biological Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Aquatic Animal Pathogen Collection Center, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding Center, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xu Jia
- International Research Center for Biological Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Aquatic Animal Pathogen Collection Center, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding Center, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Shanghai Telebio Biomedical Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Chen
- International Research Center for Biological Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Aquatic Animal Pathogen Collection Center, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding Center, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jiamin Wu
- Zhejiang Huayi Health Industry Development Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiyang Jin
- Zhejiang Huayi Health Industry Development Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Ma
- Huisi Anpu Medical System Co., Ltd, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Kai Cao
- Huisi Anpu Medical System Co., Ltd, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Huisi Anpu Medical System Co., Ltd, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Zhonglin Chen
- Huisi Anpu Medical System Co., Ltd, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Guanghua Yang
- International Research Center for Biological Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- National Aquatic Animal Pathogen Collection Center, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding Center, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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Wei Y, Wang X. Biological effects of rotating magnetic field: A review from 1969 to 2021. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 178:103-115. [PMID: 36574882 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
As one of the common variable magnetic fields, rotating magnetic field (RMF) plays a crucial role in modern human society. The biological effects of RMF have been studied for over half a century, and various results have been discovered. Several reports have shown that RMF can inhibit the growth of various types of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo and improve clinical symptoms of patients with advanced cancer. It can also affect endogenous opioid systems and rhythm in central nerve systems, promote nerve regeneration and regulate neural electrophysiological activity in the human brain. In addition, RMF can influence the growth and metabolic activity of some microorganisms, alter the properties of fermentation products, inhibit the growth of some harmful bacteria and increase the susceptibility of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to common antibiotics. Besides, there are other biological effects of RMF on blood, bone, prenatal exposure, enzyme activity, immune function, aging, parasite, endocrine, wound healing, and plants. These discoveries demonstrate that RMF have great application potential in health care, medical treatment, fermentation engineering, and even agriculture. However, in some cases like pregnancy, RMF exposure may need to be avoided. Finally, the specific mechanisms of RMF's biological effects remain unrevealed, despite various hypotheses and theories. It does not prevent us from using it for our good.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Wei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518061, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518061, China.
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6
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Epigenetic dysregulation in various types of cells exposed to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 386:1-15. [PMID: 34287715 PMCID: PMC8526474 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03489-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms regulate gene expression, without changing the DNA sequence, and establish cell-type-specific temporal and spatial expression patterns. Alterations of epigenetic marks have been observed in several pathological conditions, including cancer and neurological disorders. Emerging evidence indicates that a variety of environmental factors may cause epigenetic alterations and eventually influence disease risks. Humans are increasingly exposed to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs), which in 2002 were classified as possible carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the link between the exposure to ELF-MFs and epigenetic alterations in various cell types. In spite of the limited number of publications, available evidence indicates that ELF-MF exposure can be associated with epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation, modifications of histones and microRNA expression. Further research is needed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed phenomena.
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7
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Huang P, Xu L, Xie Y. Biomedical Applications of Electromagnetic Detection: A Brief Review. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:225. [PMID: 34356696 PMCID: PMC8301974 DOI: 10.3390/bios11070225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a review on the biomedical applications of electromagnetic detection in recent years. First of all, the thermal, non-thermal, and cumulative thermal effects of electromagnetic field on organism and their biological mechanisms are introduced. According to the electromagnetic biological theory, the main parameters affecting electromagnetic biological effects are frequency and intensity. This review subsequently makes a brief review about the related biomedical application of electromagnetic detection and biosensors using frequency as a clue, such as health monitoring, food preservation, and disease treatment. In addition, electromagnetic detection in combination with machine learning (ML) technology has been used in clinical diagnosis because of its powerful feature extraction capabilities. Therefore, the relevant research involving the application of ML technology to electromagnetic medical images are summarized. Finally, the future development to electromagnetic detection for biomedical applications are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Huang
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Lijun Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Yuedong Xie
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;
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8
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Xu A, Wang Q, Lv X, Lin T. Progressive Study on the Non-thermal Effects of Magnetic Field Therapy in Oncology. Front Oncol 2021; 11:638146. [PMID: 33816280 PMCID: PMC8010190 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.638146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. Although the existing therapies have made great progress and significantly improved the prognosis of patients, it is undeniable that these treatment measures still cause some serious side effects. In this context, a new treatment method is needed to address these shortcomings. In recent years, the magnetic fields have been proposed as a novel treatment method with the advantages of less side effects, high efficiency, wide applications, and low costs without forming scars. Previous studies reported that static magnetic fields (SMFs) and low-frequency magnetic fields (LF-MFs, frequency below 300 Hz) exert anti-tumor function, independent of thermal effects. Magnetic fields (MFs) could inhibit cell growth and proliferation; induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, autophagy, and differentiation; regulate the immune system; and suppress angiogenesis and metastasis via various signaling pathways. In addition, they are effective in combination therapies: MFs not only promote the absorption of chemotherapy drugs by producing small holes on the surface of cell membrane but also enhance the inhibitory effects by regulating apoptosis and cell cycle related proteins. At present, MFs can be used as drug delivery systems to target magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to tumors. This review aims to summarize and analyze the current knowledge of the pre-clinical studies of anti-tumor effects and their underlying mechanisms and discuss the prospects of the application of MF therapy in cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoshu Xu
- College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Geophysics Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education of China, Changchun, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Geophysics Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education of China, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Lv
- College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Geophysics Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education of China, Changchun, China
| | - Tingting Lin
- College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Geophysics Exploration Equipment, Ministry of Education of China, Changchun, China
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Wang MH, Chen KW, Ni DX, Fang HJ, Jang LS, Chen CH. Effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field parameters on the proliferation of human breast cancer. Electromagn Biol Med 2021; 40:384-392. [PMID: 33632057 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2021.1891093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposures influence many biological systems. These effects are mainly related to the intensity, duration, frequency, and pattern of the ELF-EMF. Our intent was to characterize the effect of specific pulsed electromagnetic fields on the in vitro proliferation of MCF-7 adenocarcinoma and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines and one non-cancerous M10 breast epithelial cell line. The following four important parameters of ELF-EMF were examined: frequencies (7.83 ± 0.3, 23.49 ± 0.3, and 39.15 ± 0.3 Hz), flux density (0.5 and 1 mT), exposure duration (12, 24, and 48 h), and the exposure methodology (continuous exposure versus switching exposure). The viability of MDA-MB-231 cells exposed to the optimized ELF-EMF pattern (7.83 ± 0.3 Hz, 1 mT, and 6 h switching exposure) was 40.1%. By contrast, the optimized ELF-EMF parameters that were most cytotoxic to breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were not damaging to normal M10 cells. In vitro studies also showed that exposure of MDA-MB-231 cells to the optimized ELF-EMF pattern promoted Ca2+ influx and resulted in apoptosis. These data confirm that exposure to this specific ELF-EMF pattern can influence cellular processes and inhibit cancer cell growth. The specific ELF-EMF pattern determined in this study may provide a potential anti-cancer treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Haw Wang
- Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wei Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Xung Ni
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Jha Fang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Sheng Jang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hong Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Wang MH, Jian MW, Tai YH, Jang LS, Chen CH. Inhibition of B16F10 Cancer Cell Growth by Exposure to the Square Wave with 7.83+/-0.3Hz Involves L- and T-Type Calcium Channels. Electromagn Biol Med 2020; 40:150-157. [PMID: 33111597 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2020.1839491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure influences many biological systems; these effects are mainly related to the intensity, duration, frequency, and pattern of the ELF-EMF. In this study, exposure to square wave with 7.83±0.3 Hz (sweep step 0.1 Hz) was shown to inhibit the growth of B16F10 melanoma tumor cells. In addition, the distribution of the magnetic field was calculated by Biot-Savart Law and plotted using MATLAB. In vitro studies demonstrated a decrease in B16F10 cell proliferation and an increase of Ca2+ influx after 48 h of exposure to the square wave. Ca2+ influx was also partially blocked by inhibition of voltage-gated L- and T-type Ca2+ channels. The data confirmed that the specific time-varying ELF-EMF had an anti-proliferation effect on B16F10 cells and that the inhibition is related to Ca2+ and voltage-gated L- and T-type Ca2+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Haw Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Culture University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Jian
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hsuan Tai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tunghai University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Sheng Jang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hong Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tunghai University , Taichung, Taiwan
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11
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Tekutskaya EE, Baryshev MG, Gusaruk LR, Ilchenko GP. Oxidative Damage to DNA under the Action of an Alternating Magnetic Field. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350920040247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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12
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Wu J, Ning P, Gao R, Feng Q, Shen Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Xu C, Qin Y, Plaza GR, Bai Q, Fan X, Li Z, Han Y, Lesniak MS, Fan H, Cheng Y. Programmable ROS-Mediated Cancer Therapy via Magneto-Inductions. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1902933. [PMID: 32596106 PMCID: PMC7312334 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201902933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a group of oxygen derived radicals and derivatives, can induce cancer cell death via elevated oxidative stress. A spatiotemporal approach with safe and deep-tissue penetration capabilities to elevate the intracellular ROS level is highly desirable for precise cancer treatment. Here, a mechanical-thermal induction therapy (MTIT) strategy is developed for a programmable increase of ROS levels in cancer cells via assembly of magnetic nanocubes integrated with alternating magnetic fields. The magneto-based mechanical and thermal stimuli can disrupt the lysosomes, which sequentially induce the dysfunction of mitochondria. Importantly, intracellular ROS concentrations are responsive to the magneto-triggers and play a key role for synergistic cancer treatment. In vivo experiments reveal the effectiveness of MTIT for efficient eradication of glioma and breast cancer. By remote control of the force and heat using magnetic nanocubes, MTIT is a promising physical approach to trigger the biochemical responses for precise cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Wu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine1800 Yuntai RoadShanghai200123China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceTongji UniversityShanghai200092China
| | - Peng Ning
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine1800 Yuntai RoadShanghai200123China
| | - Rui Gao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine1800 Yuntai RoadShanghai200123China
| | - Qishuai Feng
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine1800 Yuntai RoadShanghai200123China
| | - Yajing Shen
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine1800 Yuntai RoadShanghai200123China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest UniversityXi'an710127China
| | - Yingze Li
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine1800 Yuntai RoadShanghai200123China
| | - Chang Xu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine1800 Yuntai RoadShanghai200123China
| | - Yao Qin
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine1800 Yuntai RoadShanghai200123China
| | - Gustavo R. Plaza
- Center for Biomedical TechnologyUniversidad Politécnica de MadridPozuelo de Alarcón28223Spain
| | - Qianwen Bai
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine1800 Yuntai RoadShanghai200123China
| | - Xing Fan
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine1800 Yuntai RoadShanghai200123China
| | - Zhenguang Li
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine1800 Yuntai RoadShanghai200123China
| | - Yu Han
- Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern University676 North Saint Clair Street, Suite 2210ChicagoIL60611USA
| | - Maciej S. Lesniak
- Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern University676 North Saint Clair Street, Suite 2210ChicagoIL60611USA
| | - Haiming Fan
- College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest UniversityXi'an710127China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of Medicine1800 Yuntai RoadShanghai200123China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceTongji UniversityShanghai200092China
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Zhu M, Yang Z, Yu H, Zhu Q, Xu Y, Li Y, Li C, Zhao W, Liang Z, Chen L. The efficacy and safety of low-frequency rotating static magnetic field therapy combined with chemotherapy on advanced lung cancer patients: a randomized, double-blinded, controlled clinical trial. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:943-950. [PMID: 32238091 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1748737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of magnetic field (MF) therapy by a randomized, double-blinded, controlled clinical trial.Materials and methods: From February 2016 to August 2019, patients with advanced lung cancer who conformed to inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. Patients were assigned into MF therapy group (MF group, receiving both MF therapy and chemotherapy) and control group (CON group, receiving sham MF therapy and chemotherapy) randomly. The treatment course was 21 days and 2 hours per day. Changes of life quality assessment scales, objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were analyzed as primary end points. The secondary end points were progression-free survival (PFS), change of blood cytokine concentrations and safety. This study has been registered on Clinicaltrials.gov (ID: NCT02701231).Results: 77 patients were enrolled and 60 finished the study. Comparing to CON group, more patients in MF group (66.7% vs 25.9%) were experiencing life quality improvement on day 21. Besides, MF group patients had higher concentrations of IP-10 and GM-CSF, and lower concentration of sTREM-1 in plasma. However, the two groups were having similar ORR, DCR and PFS after treatment. Moreover, MF treatment did not increase adverse events in MF group.Conclusions: MF therapy could improve life quality and modulate blood cytokine concentration in advanced lung cancer patients. Hence, it might be applied as an adjuvant therapy along with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanran Li
- Department of Neurology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixin Liang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liangan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Xu J, Liu K, Chen T, Zhan T, Ouyang Z, Wang Y, Liu W, Zhang X, Sun Y, Xu G, Wang X. Rotating magnetic field delays human umbilical vein endothelial cell aging and prolongs the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:10385-10408. [PMID: 31757933 PMCID: PMC6914427 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The biological effects of magnetic fields are a research hotspot in the field of biomedical engineering. In this study, we further investigated the effects of a rotating magnetic field (RMF; 0.2 T, 4 Hz) on the growth of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and Caenorhabditis elegans. The results showed that RMF exposure prolonged the lifespan of C. elegans and slowed the aging of HUVECs. RMF treatment of HUVECs showed that activation of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was associated with decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) due to increased intracellular Ca2+ concentrations induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress in anti-aging mechanisms. RMF also promoted the health status of C. elegans by improving activity, reducing age-related pigment accumulation, delaying Aβ-induced paralysis and increasing resistance to heat and oxidative stress. The prolonged lifespan of C. elegans was associated with decreased levels of daf-16 which related to the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway (IIS) activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS), whereas the heat shock transcription factor-1 (hsf-1) pathway was not involved. Moreover, the level of autophagy was increased after RMF treatment. These findings expand our understanding of the potential mechanisms by which RMF treatment prolongs lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyao Xu
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kan Liu
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tianying Zhan
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zijun Ouyang
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yushu Wang
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Gaixia Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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15
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Tang JY, Yeh TW, Huang YT, Wang MH, Jang LS. Effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on B16F10 cancer cells. Electromagn Biol Med 2019; 38:149-157. [PMID: 30889982 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2019.1591438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a method to inhibit B16F10 cancer cells using extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) and to evaluate cell viability using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. The study examined the effect of a natural EMF resonance frequency (7.83 Hz) and a power line frequency (60 Hz) on B16F10 cancer cells for 24 and 48 h. The B16F10 cancer cells were also exposed to sweep frequencies in several sweep intervals to quantitatively analyze the viability of cancer cells. The results yielded a 17% inhibition rate under 7.83 Hz compared with that of the control group. Moreover, sweep frequencies in narrow intervals (7.83 ± 0.1 Hz for the step 0.05 Hz) caused an inhibition rate of 26.4%, and inhibitory effects decreased as frequency sweep intervals increased. These results indicate that a Schumann resonance frequency of 7.83 Hz can inhibit the growth of cancer cells and that using a specific frequency type can lead to more effective growth inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yau Tang
- a Department of Electrical Engineering , National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Te-Wei Yeh
- a Department of Electrical Engineering , National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Huang
- a Department of Electrical Engineering , National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Min-Haw Wang
- b Department of Electrical Engineering , Chinese Culture University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Ling-Sheng Jang
- a Department of Electrical Engineering , National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
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16
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Zha M, Tao Q, Li J, Tian X, Feng S, Liao Z, Fang Z, Zhang X. Moderate intensity low frequency rotating magnetic field inhibits breast cancer growth in mice. Electromagn Biol Med 2018; 37:192-201. [DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2018.1506989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zha
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Qingping Tao
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Li
- Zhejiang Heye Health Technology Co., Ltd., Anji, China
| | - Xiaofei Tian
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shuang Feng
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zhongcai Liao
- Zhejiang Heye Health Technology Co., Ltd., Anji, China
| | - Zhicai Fang
- Zhejiang Heye Health Technology Co., Ltd., Anji, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China
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17
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Yuan LQ, Wang C, Zhu K, Li HM, Gu WZ, Zhou DM, Lai JQ, Zhou D, Lv Y, Tofani S, Chen X. The antitumor effect of static and extremely low frequency magnetic fields against nephroblastoma and neuroblastoma. Bioelectromagnetics 2018; 39:375-385. [PMID: 29719057 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Certain magnetic fields (MF) have potential therapeutic antitumor effect whereas the underlying mechanism remains undefined. In this study, a well-characterized MF was applied to two common childhood malignancies, nephroblastoma and neuroblastoma. This MF has a time-averaged total intensity of 5.1 militesla (mT), and was generated as a superimposition of a static and an extremely low frequency (ELF) MF in 50 Hertz (Hz). In nephroblastoma and neuroblastoma cell lines including G401, CHLA255, and N2a, after MF exposure of 2 h per day, the cell viability decreased significantly after 2 days. After 3 days, inhibition rates of 17-22% were achieved in these cell lines. Furthermore, the inhibition rate was positively associated with exposure time. On the other hand, when using static MF only while maintaining the same time-averaged intensity of 5.1 mT, the inhibition rate was decreased. Thus, both time and combination of ELF field were positively associated with the inhibitory effect of this MF. Exposure to the field decreased cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Combinational use of MF together with chemotherapeutics cisplatin (DDP) was performed in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. In cell lines, combinational treatment further increased the inhibition rate compared with single use of either DDP or MF. In G401 nephroblastoma tumor model in nude mice, combination of MF and DDP resulted in significant decrease of tumor mass, and the side effect was limited in mild liver injury. MF exposure by itself did not hamper liver or kidney functions. In summary, the antitumor effect of an established MF against neuroblastoma and nephroblastoma is reported, and this field has the potential to be used in combination with DDP to achieve increased efficacy and reduce side effects in these two childhood malignancies. Bioelectromagnetics. 39:375-385, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Qing Yuan
- Central Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Can Wang
- Central Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua-Mei Li
- Central Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei-Zhong Gu
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dong-Ming Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Neonatal Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia-Qi Lai
- Central Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Duo Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yao Lv
- Central Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Santi Tofani
- University of Turin and Aosta Hospitals, Turin, Italy
| | - Xi Chen
- Central Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Neonatal Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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18
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Spyridopoulou K, Makridis A, Maniotis N, Karypidou N, Myrovali E, Samaras T, Angelakeris M, Chlichlia K, Kalogirou O. Effect of low frequency magnetic fields on the growth of MNP-treated HT29 colon cancer cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:175101. [PMID: 29498936 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaaea9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent investigations have attempted to understand and exploit the impact of magnetic field-actuated internalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) on the proliferation rate of cancer cells. Due to the complexity of the parameters governing magnetic field-exposure though, individual studies to date have raised contradictory results. In our approach we performed a comparative analysis of key parameters related to the cell exposure of cancer cells to magnetic field-actuated MNPs, and to the magnetic field, in order to better understand the factors affecting cellular responses to magnetic field-stimulated MNPs. We used magnetite MNPs with a hydrodynamic diameter of 100 nm and studied the proliferation rate of MNPs-treated versus untreated HT29 human colon cancer cells, exposed to either static or alternating low frequency magnetic fields with varying intensity (40-200 mT), frequency (0-8 Hz) and field gradient. All three parameters, field intensity, frequency, and field gradient affected the growth rate of cells, with or without internalized MNPs, as compared to control MNPs-untreated and magnetic field-untreated cells. We observed that the growth inhibitory effects induced by static and rotating magnetic fields were enhanced by pre-treating the cells with MNPs, while the growth promoting effects observed in alternating field-treated cells were weakened by MNPs. Compared to static, rotating magnetic fields of the same intensity induced a similar extend of cell growth inhibition, while alternating fields of varying intensity (70 or 100 mT) and frequency (0, 4 or 8 Hz) induced cell proliferation in a frequency-dependent manner. These results, highlighting the diverse effects of mode, intensity, and frequency of the magnetic field on cell growth, indicate that consistent and reproducible results can be achieved by controlling the complexity of the exposure of biological samples to MNPs and external magnetic fields, through monitoring crucial experimental parameters. We demonstrate that further research focusing on the accurate manipulation of the aforementioned magnetic field exposure parameters could lead to the development of successful non-invasive therapeutic anticancer approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Spyridopoulou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
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19
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Koziorowska A, Romerowicz-Misielak M, Sołek P, Koziorowski M. Extremely low frequency variable electromagnetic fields affect cancer and noncancerous cells in vitro differently: Preliminary study. Electromagn Biol Med 2018. [PMID: 29513614 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2017.1408021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) may result in various changes at the cellular level. To identify the effect of ELF-EMF exposure on viability of cells, cancer cells (U87-MG; 143B) and noncancerous cells (BJ; HEK) in exponential growth phase were exposed or sham-exposed to different values of frequency (2, 20, 30, 50 and 60 Hz), different shapes (sinusoidal, square and triangular) and time of exposure (0.5, 1, 2, 3 h) to electromagnetic field. After exposure, viability of cells was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). We found a different effect of exposition of cancer and noncancerous cells to ELF-EMF on viability of cells. This preliminary study revealed that electro magentic field(EMF) might serve as a potential tool for manipulating viability of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Koziorowska
- a Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences , University of Rzeszow , Rzeszow , Poland.,b Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Biotechnology , University of Rzeszow , Rzeszow , Poland
| | - Maria Romerowicz-Misielak
- b Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Biotechnology , University of Rzeszow , Rzeszow , Poland
| | - Przemysław Sołek
- c Department of Physiology and Reproduction of Animals, Institute of Biotechnology , University of Rzeszow , Rzeszow , Poland
| | - Marek Koziorowski
- c Department of Physiology and Reproduction of Animals, Institute of Biotechnology , University of Rzeszow , Rzeszow , Poland
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20
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Low Frequency Magnetic Fields Induce Autophagy-associated Cell Death in Lung Cancer through miR-486-mediated Inhibition of Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11776. [PMID: 28924214 PMCID: PMC5603574 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10407-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Low frequency magnetic fields (LF-MFs) can affect cell proliferation in a cell-type and intensity-dependent way. Previous study has reported the anti-tumor effect of LF-MFs in lung cancers. Our previous study also optimized the intensity and duration of LF-MFs to effectively inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells. However, the anti-tumor mechanism of LF-MFs remains unclear, which limit the clinical application of LF-MFs in anti-tumor therapy. Here, in a well-established Lewis Lung Cancer (LLC) mouse model, we found that LF-MFs inhibit tumor growth and induce an autophagic cell death in lung cancer. We also found that LF-MFs could up-regulate the expression level of miR-486, which was involved in LF-MFs activated cell autophagy. Furthermore, we found B-cell adaptor for phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (BCAP) is a direct target of miR-486. miR-486 inhibit AKT/mTOR signaling through inhibiting expression of BCAP. Moreover, a decreased expression of miR-486 and an increased expression of BCAP were found in tumor tissues of lung cancer patients. Taken together, this study proved that LF-MFs can inhibit lung cancers through miR-486 induced autophagic cell death, which suggest a clinical application of LF-MFs in cancer treatment.
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21
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Akbarnejad Z, Eskandary H, Dini L, Vergallo C, Nematollahi-Mahani SN, Farsinejad A, Abadi MFS, Ahmadi M. Cytotoxicity of temozolomide on human glioblastoma cells is enhanced by the concomitant exposure to an extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (100Hz, 100G). Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:254-264. [PMID: 28551545 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant brain cancer that causes high mortality in humans. It responds poorly to the most common cancer treatments, such as surgery, chemo- and radiation therapy. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an alkylating agent that has been widely used to treat GBM; resistance to this drug is often found. One unexplored possibility for overcoming this resistance is a treatment based on concomitant exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) and TMZ. Indeed, many evidences show that EMF affects cancer cells and drug performance. In this study, we evaluated the potential synergistic effect of 100μM TMZ and EMF (100Hz, 100G) on two human glioma cells line, i.e., U87 and T98G above single treatments, TMZ or EMF. Co-treatment synergistically enhanced apoptosis in U87 and T98G cells, by increasing the expression of P53, Bax, and Caspase-3 and decreasing that of Bcl-2 and Cyclin-D1. We also observed an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the overexpression of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene in comparison to controls. In conclusion, since EMF enhanced the apoptotic effect of TMZ, possibly through a redox regulation mechanism, the TMZ/EMF combination may be effective for glioma cancer treating. Further studies are needed to reveal the action mechanism of this possible novel therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Akbarnejad
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76175-113 Kerman, Iran
| | - Hossein Eskandary
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76175-113 Kerman, Iran; Afzal Research Institute (NGO), 76175-113 Kerman, Iran.
| | - Luciana Dini
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; CNR Nanotec, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Cristian Vergallo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Alireza Farsinejad
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Afzalipour Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76175-113 Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Fekri Soofi Abadi
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Afzalipour Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76175-113 Kerman, Iran
| | - Meysam Ahmadi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76175-113 Kerman, Iran.
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22
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LF-MF inhibits iron metabolism and suppresses lung cancer through activation of P53-miR-34a-E2F1/E2F3 pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:749. [PMID: 28389657 PMCID: PMC5429732 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00913-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies showed that low frequency magnetic fields (LF-MF) suppressed tumor growth and influenced the function of immune system. Nevertheless the mechanisms behind the effect of LF-MF still remain to be elucidated. In this study, Tumor- bearing mice subcutaneously inoculated with Lewis lung cancer cells were exposed to a LF-MF (0.4T, 7.5 Hz) for 35 days and Survival rate, tumor growth and the tumor markers were measured. Results showed that tumor growth was obviously inhibited with a prolonged survival of tumor- bearing mice by LF-MF exposure. In vitro experiments, LF-MF was found to induce cell growth arrest, cell senescence and inhibit iron metabolism of lung cancer cells. Moreover, LF-MF stabilized p53 protein via inhibiting cell iron metabolism and the stabilized p53 protein enhanced miR-34a transcription. Furthermore, increased expression of miR-34a induced cell proliferation inhibition, cell cycle arrest and cell senescence of lung cancer cells by targeting E2F1/E2F3. We also detected the relevant indicator in tumor tissue such as the iron content, the level of miR-34a and related protein, corresponding results were obtained. Taken together, these observations imply that LF-MF suppressed lung cancer via inhibiting cell iron metabolism, stabilizing p53 protein and activation P53- miR-34a-E2F1/E2F3 pathway.
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23
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Tang R, Xu Y, Ma F, Ren J, Shen S, Du Y, Hou Y, Wang T. Extremely low frequency magnetic fields regulate differentiation of regulatory T cells: Potential role for ROS-mediated inhibition on AKT. Bioelectromagnetics 2016; 37:89-98. [PMID: 26807660 DOI: 10.1002/bem.21954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies showed that extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) inhibited tumor growth and change proportion of splenic regulatory T cells (Treg cells). Here, we focus on the effect of ELF-MFs on lung metastatic melanoma mouse model and the regulatory mechanism of ELF-MFs on the differentiation of Treg cells. Tumor-bearing mice were exposed to sham ELF-MFs and ELF-MFs (0.4 T, 7.5 Hz) 2 h/day for 27 days. Metastatic tumor burden of lung was significantly decreased after ELF-MF treatment. Compared to the control group, expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP2, MMP9) and forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) in lung nodules significantly decreased in the ELF-MF group. Moreover, in vitro, after stimulated with anti-CD3, anti-CD28 antibodies and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and treated with ELF-MFs for 2 h, expression of Foxp3 in total T cells was significantly decreased. Differentiation rate of Treg cells was inhibited from 32.0% to 22.1% by ELF-MFs. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species (ROS) was increased and phospho-serine/threonine protein kinase (p-AKT) was inhibited in both T cells and Jurkat cells. ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine reversed inhibition of AKT pathway and expression of Foxp3 from 18.6% to 26.6% in T cells. Taken together, our data show that ELF-MF exposure promoted the inhibitory effect of ROS on AKT pathway and decreased Foxp3 expression, which provides an explanation for why ELF-MF exposure can inhibit differentiation of Treg cells and enhance antitumor effect in metastatic melanoma mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijing Tang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujun Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feiya Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Ren
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sunan Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Youwei Du
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Buckner CA, Buckner AL, Koren SA, Persinger MA, Lafrenie RM. Inhibition of cancer cell growth by exposure to a specific time-varying electromagnetic field involves T-type calcium channels. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124136. [PMID: 25875081 PMCID: PMC4397079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetic field (EMF) exposures affect many biological systems. The reproducibility of these effects is related to the intensity, duration, frequency, and pattern of the EMF. We have shown that exposure to a specific time-varying EMF can inhibit the growth of malignant cells. Thomas-EMF is a low-intensity, frequency-modulated (25-6 Hz) EMF pattern. Daily, 1 h, exposures to Thomas-EMF inhibited the growth of malignant cell lines including B16-BL6, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and HeLa cells but did not affect the growth of non-malignant cells. Thomas-EMF also inhibited B16-BL6 cell proliferation in vivo. B16-BL6 cells implanted in syngeneic C57b mice and exposed daily to Thomas-EMF produced smaller tumours than in sham-treated controls. In vitro studies showed that exposure of malignant cells to Thomas-EMF for > 15 min promoted Ca(2+) influx which could be blocked by inhibitors of voltage-gated T-type Ca(2+) channels. Blocking Ca(2+) uptake also blocked Thomas-EMF-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation. Exposure to Thomas-EMF delayed cell cycle progression and altered cyclin expression consistent with the decrease in cell proliferation. Non-malignant cells did not show any EMF-dependent changes in Ca(2+) influx or cell growth. These data confirm that exposure to a specific EMF pattern can affect cellular processes and that exposure to Thomas-EMF may provide a potential anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly A. Buckner
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Regional Cancer Program, Health Sciences North, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alison L. Buckner
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Regional Cancer Program, Health Sciences North, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stan A. Koren
- Behavioural Neurosciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael A. Persinger
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Behavioural Neurosciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert M. Lafrenie
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Regional Cancer Program, Health Sciences North, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Du L, Fan H, Miao H, Zhao G, Hou Y. Extremely low frequency magnetic fields inhibit adipogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells. Bioelectromagnetics 2014; 35:519-30. [DOI: 10.1002/bem.21873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; Division of Immunology; Medical School; Nanjing University; Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Hongye Fan
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; Division of Immunology; Medical School; Nanjing University; Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Huishuang Miao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; Division of Immunology; Medical School; Nanjing University; Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Guangfeng Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital; Nanjing University Medical School; Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology; Division of Immunology; Medical School; Nanjing University; Nanjing P.R. China
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Nie Y, Du L, Mou Y, Xu Z, Weng L, Du Y, Zhu Y, Hou Y, Wang T. Effect of low frequency magnetic fields on melanoma: tumor inhibition and immune modulation. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:582. [PMID: 24314291 PMCID: PMC4029221 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously found that the low frequency magnetic fields (LF-MF) inhibited gastric and lung cancer cell growth. We suppose that exposure to LF-MF may modulate immune function so as to inhibit tumor. We here investigated whether LF-MF can inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of melanoma and influence immune function. METHODS The effect of MF on the proliferation, cell cycle and ultrastracture of B16-F10 in vitro was detected by cell counting Kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, and transmission electron microscopy. Lung metastasis mice were prepared by injection of 2 × 105 B16-F10 melanoma cells into the tail vein in C57BL/6 mice. The mice were then exposed to an LF-MF (0.4 T, 7.5 Hz) for 43 days. Survival rate, tumor markers and the innate and adaptive immune parameters were measured. RESULTS The growth of B16-F10 cells was inhibited after exposure to the LF-MF. The inhibition was related to induction of cell cycle arrest and decomposition of chromatins. Moreover, the LF-MF prolonged the mouse survival rate and inhibited the proliferation of B16-F10 in melanoma metastasis mice model. Furthermore, the LF-MF modulated the immune response via regulation of immune cells and cytokine production. In addition, the number of Treg cells was decreased in mice with the LF-MF exposure, while the numbers of T cells as well as dendritic cells were significantly increased. CONCLUSION LF-MF inhibited the growth and metastasis of melanoma cancer cells and improved immune function of tumor-bearing mice. This suggests that the inhibition may be attributed to modulation of LF-MF on immune function and LF-MF may be a potential therapy for treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yayi Hou
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Lab, Medical School & State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, China.
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Nie Y, Chen Y, Mou Y, Weng L, Xu Z, Du Y, Wang W, Hou Y, Wang T. Low frequency magnetic fields enhance antitumor immune response against mouse H22 hepatocellular carcinoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72411. [PMID: 24278103 PMCID: PMC3835892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Many studies have shown that magnetic fields (MF) inhibit tumor growth and influence the function of immune system. However, the effect of MF on mechanism of immunological function in tumor-bearing mice is still unclear. Methods In this study, tumor-bearing mice were prepared by subcutaneously inoculating Balb/c mice with hepatocarcinoma cell line H22. The mice were then exposed to a low frequency MF (0.4 T, 7.5 Hz) for 30 days. Survival rate, tumor growth and the innate and adaptive immune parameters were measured. Results MF treatment could prolong survival time (n = 28, p<0.05) and inhibit tumor growth (n = 9, p<0.01) in tumor-bearing mice. Moreover, this MF suppressed tumor-induced production of cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), granulocyte colony- stimulating factor (G-CSF) and keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC) (n = 9–10, p<0.05 or 0.01). Furthermore, MF exposure was associated with activation of macrophages and dendritic cells, enhanced profiles of CD4+ T and CD8+ T lymphocytes, the balance of Th17/Treg and reduced inhibitory function of Treg cells (n = 9–10, p<0.05 or 0.01) in the mice model. Conclusion The inhibitory effect of MF on tumor growth was related to the improvement of immune function in the tumor-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhong Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yueqiu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongbin Mou
- Stomatological Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Leihua Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenjun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Youwei Du
- National Laboratory of Solid Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenmei Wang
- Stomatological Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yayi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (YH); (TW)
| | - Tingting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (YH); (TW)
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Sun C, Yu H, Wang X, Han J. A pilot study of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Effects on survival and palliation of general symptoms. Oncol Lett 2012; 4:1130-1134. [PMID: 23162666 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory effects of magnetic fields (MFs) on tumor cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo have been reported in previous studies. However, the effects of MFs in the treatment of cancer have not been described in clinical trials. We investigated the effects of 420 r/min, 0.4-T extremely low-frequency MFs (ELF-MFs) on the survival and palliation of general symptoms in 13 advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Toxicity and side-effects were assessed according to WHO criteria. The treatment area included the primary tumor site, metastatic sites and metastatic lymph nodes. Additionally, the patients were treated 2 h per day, 5 days per week for 6-10 weeks. The changes in general symptoms were analyzed during ELF-MF treatment and 2 weeks after the completion of therapy. Results of physical examination, routine analysis of blood, ECG and liver function, biochemical and kidney function tests were evaluated before and following treatment. All 13 patients were followed up by outpatient service or telephone interview. Our results demonstrated that decreased pleural effusion, remission of shortness of breath, relief of cancer pain, increased appetite, improved physical strength, regular bowel movement and better sleep quality was detected in 2 (15.4%), 5 (38.5%), 5 (38.5%), 6 (46.2%), 9 (69.2%), 1 (7.7%) and 2 (15.4%) patients, respectively. However, the palliation of symptoms in 2 (15.4%) patients was observed during therapy and disappeared at treatment termination. No severe toxicity or side-effects were detected in our trial. The median survival was 6.0 months (95% CI, 1.0-11.0). The 1- and 2-year survival rates were 31.7 and 15.9%, respectively. This study is the first to describe survival and palliation of general symptoms in advanced NSCLC patients treated with ELF-MFs. As an effective, well-tolerated and safe treatment choice, ELF-MFs may prolong survival and improve general symptoms of advanced NSCLC patients. However, this treatment strategy requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengtao Sun
- Department of Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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