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Agogo GO, Verani JR, Otieno NA, Nyawanda BO, Widdowson MA, Chaves SS. Correcting for measurement error in assessing gestational age in a low-resource setting: a regression calibration approach. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1222772. [PMID: 37901408 PMCID: PMC10613090 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1222772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Measurement error in gestational age (GA) may bias the association of GA with a health outcome. Ultrasound-based GA is considered the gold standard and is not readily available in low-resource settings. We corrected for measurement error in GA based on fundal height (FH) and date of last menstrual period (LMP) using ultrasound from the sub-cohort and adjusted for the bias in associating GA with neonatal mortality and low birth weight (< 2,500 grams, LBW). Methods We used data collected from 01/2015 to 09/2019 from pregnant women enrolled at two public hospitals in Siaya county, Kenya (N = 2,750). We used regression calibration to correct for measurement error in FH- and LMP-based GA accounting for maternal and child characteristics. We applied logistic regression to associate GA with neonatal mortality and low birth weight, with and without calibrating FH- and LMP-based GA. Results Calibration improved the precision of LMP (correlation coefficient, ρ from 0.48 to 0.57) and FH-based GA (ρ from 0.82 to 0.83). Calibrating FH/LMP-based GA eliminated the bias in the mean GA estimates. The log odds ratio that quantifies the association of GA with neonatal mortality increased by 29% (from -0.159 to -0.205) by calibrating FH-based GA and by more than twofold (from -0.158 to -0.471) by calibrating LMP-based GA. Conclusion Calibrating FH/LMP-based GA improved the accuracy and precision of GA estimates and strengthened the association of GA with neonatal mortality/LBW. When assessing GA, neonatal public health and clinical interventions may benefit from calibration modeling in settings where ultrasound may not be fully available.
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Affiliation(s)
- George O. Agogo
- Division of Global Health Protection, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jennifer R. Verani
- Division of Global Health Protection, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Nancy A. Otieno
- Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Bryan O. Nyawanda
- Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Marc-Alain Widdowson
- Division of Global Health Protection, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sandra S. Chaves
- Influenza Program, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya
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Agogo GO, Muchene L, Orindi B, Murphy TE, Mwambi H, Allore HG. A multivariate joint model to adjust for random measurement error while handling skewness and correlation in dietary data in an epidemiologic study of mortality. Ann Epidemiol 2023; 82:8-15. [PMID: 36972757 PMCID: PMC10239394 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A substantial proportion of global deaths is attributed to unhealthy diets, which can be assessed at baseline or longitudinally. We demonstrated how to simultaneously correct for random measurement error, correlations, and skewness in the estimation of associations between dietary intake and all-cause mortality. METHODS We applied a multivariate joint model (MJM) that simultaneously corrected for random measurement error, skewness, and correlation among longitudinally measured intake levels of cholesterol, total fat, dietary fiber, and energy with all-cause mortality using US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey linked to the National Death Index mortality data. We compared MJM with the mean method that assessed intake levels as the mean of a person's intake. RESULTS The estimates from MJM were larger than those from the mean method. For instance, the logarithm of hazard ratio for dietary fiber intake increased by 14 times (from -0.04 to -0.60) with the MJM method. This translated into a relative hazard of death of 0.55 (95% credible interval: 0.45, 0.65) with the MJM and 0.96 (95% credible interval: 0.95, 0.97) with the mean method. CONCLUSIONS MJM adjusts for random measurement error and flexibly addresses correlations and skewness among longitudinal measures of dietary intake when estimating their associations with death.
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Affiliation(s)
- George O Agogo
- StatsDecide Analytics and Consulting Ltd, Nakuru, Kenya.
| | | | - Benedict Orindi
- Department of Statistics, Center for Geographic Medicine Research, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Terrence E Murphy
- Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey
| | - Henry Mwambi
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg Campus, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Heather G Allore
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
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Agogo GO, Muoka AK. A three-part regression calibration to handle excess zeroes, skewness and heteroscedasticity in adjusting for measurement error in dietary intake data. J Appl Stat 2020; 49:884-901. [DOI: 10.1080/02664763.2020.1845622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George O. Agogo
- Division of Global Health Protection, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alexander K. Muoka
- School of Mathematics, Statistics & Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
- School of Science and Informatics, Taita Taveta University, Voi, Kenya
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Pruvost-Couvreur M, Le Bizec B, Béchaux C, Rivière G. Dietary risk assessment methodology: how to deal with changes through life. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2020; 37:705-722. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1727964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manon Pruvost-Couvreur
- Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments, Oniris, Nantes, France
- Direction de l’évaluation des risques, ANSES, ANSES, 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Bruno Le Bizec
- Laboratoire d’Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments, Oniris, Nantes, France
| | - Camille Béchaux
- Direction de l’évaluation des risques, ANSES, ANSES, 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Gilles Rivière
- Direction de l’évaluation des risques, ANSES, ANSES, 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
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Taheri S, Yu J, Zhu H, Kindy MS. High-Sodium Diet Has Opposing Effects on Mean Arterial Blood Pressure and Cerebral Perfusion in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 54:1061-1072. [PMID: 27567835 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral ionic homeostasis impairment, especially Ca2+, has been observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and also with hypertension. Hypertension and AD both have been implicated in impaired cerebral autoregulation. However, the relationship between the ionic homeostasis impairment in AD and hypertension and cerebral blood flow (CBF) autoregulation is not clear. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that a high-salt diet regimen influences the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβand CBF) and CBF, exacerbates cognitive decline, and increases the propensity to AD. METHODS Double transgenic mice harboring the amyloid-β protein precursor (APPswe), and presenilin-1 (PSEN1) along with control littermates, 2 months of age at initiation of special diet, were divided into 4 groups: Group A, APP/PS1 and Group B, controls fed a high-sodium (4.00%) chow diet for 3 months; Group C, APP/PS1 and Group D, controls fed a low-sodium (0.08%) regular chow diet for 3 months. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and CBF were measured noninvasively using the tail MAP measurement device and magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. Aβ plaques numbers in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 were quantified. RESULTS In contrary to controls, APP/PS1 mice fed a high-salt diet did not show markedly elevated mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure (134±4.8 compared with 162±2.8 mmHg, and 114±5.0 compared with 137±20 mmHg, p< 0.0001). However, a high-salt diet increased CBF in both APP/PS1 and controls and did not alter the cerebral tissue integrity. Aβ plaques were significantly reduced in the cortex and hippocampus of mice fed a high-salt diet. CONCLUSION These data suggest that a high-salt diet differently affects MAP and CBF in APP/PS1 mice and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Taheri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Mark S Kindy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.,James A. Haley VA Medical Center, Tampa, FL, USA
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Bennett DA, Landry D, Little J, Minelli C. Systematic review of statistical approaches to quantify, or correct for, measurement error in a continuous exposure in nutritional epidemiology. BMC Med Res Methodol 2017; 17:146. [PMID: 28927376 PMCID: PMC5606038 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-017-0421-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several statistical approaches have been proposed to assess and correct for exposure measurement error. We aimed to provide a critical overview of the most common approaches used in nutritional epidemiology. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS and CINAHL were searched for reports published in English up to May 2016 in order to ascertain studies that described methods aimed to quantify and/or correct for measurement error for a continuous exposure in nutritional epidemiology using a calibration study. RESULTS We identified 126 studies, 43 of which described statistical methods and 83 that applied any of these methods to a real dataset. The statistical approaches in the eligible studies were grouped into: a) approaches to quantify the relationship between different dietary assessment instruments and "true intake", which were mostly based on correlation analysis and the method of triads; b) approaches to adjust point and interval estimates of diet-disease associations for measurement error, mostly based on regression calibration analysis and its extensions. Two approaches (multiple imputation and moment reconstruction) were identified that can deal with differential measurement error. CONCLUSIONS For regression calibration, the most common approach to correct for measurement error used in nutritional epidemiology, it is crucial to ensure that its assumptions and requirements are fully met. Analyses that investigate the impact of departures from the classical measurement error model on regression calibration estimates can be helpful to researchers in interpreting their findings. With regard to the possible use of alternative methods when regression calibration is not appropriate, the choice of method should depend on the measurement error model assumed, the availability of suitable calibration study data and the potential for bias due to violation of the classical measurement error model assumptions. On the basis of this review, we provide some practical advice for the use of methods to assess and adjust for measurement error in nutritional epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick A. Bennett
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Big Data Institute, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LF UK
| | - Denise Landry
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Julian Little
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Cosetta Minelli
- Population Health & Occupational Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Agogo GO, van der Voet H, van ’t Veer P, Ferrari P, Muller DC, Sánchez-Cantalejo E, Bamia C, Braaten T, Knüppel S, Johansson I, van Eeuwijk FA, Boshuizen HC. A method for sensitivity analysis to assess the effects of measurement error in multiple exposure variables using external validation data. BMC Med Res Methodol 2016; 16:139. [PMID: 27737637 PMCID: PMC5064985 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-016-0240-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measurement error in self-reported dietary intakes is known to bias the association between dietary intake and a health outcome of interest such as risk of a disease. The association can be distorted further by mismeasured confounders, leading to invalid results and conclusions. It is, however, difficult to adjust for the bias in the association when there is no internal validation data. METHODS We proposed a method to adjust for the bias in the diet-disease association (hereafter, association), due to measurement error in dietary intake and a mismeasured confounder, when there is no internal validation data. The method combines prior information on the validity of the self-report instrument with the observed data to adjust for the bias in the association. We compared the proposed method with the method that ignores the confounder effect, and with the method that ignores measurement errors completely. We assessed the sensitivity of the estimates to various magnitudes of measurement error, error correlations and uncertainty in the literature-reported validation data. We applied the methods to fruits and vegetables (FV) intakes, cigarette smoking (confounder) and all-cause mortality data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. RESULTS Using the proposed method resulted in about four times increase in the strength of association between FV intake and mortality. For weakly correlated errors, measurement error in the confounder minimally affected the hazard ratio estimate for FV intake. The effect was more pronounced for strong error correlations. CONCLUSIONS The proposed method permits sensitivity analysis on measurement error structures and accounts for uncertainties in the reported validity coefficients. The method is useful in assessing the direction and quantifying the magnitude of bias in the association due to measurement errors in the confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- George O. Agogo
- Biometris, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Hilko van der Voet
- Biometris, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter van ’t Veer
- Department of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pietro Ferrari
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - David C. Muller
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Christina Bamia
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Tonje Braaten
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Sven Knüppel
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | | | - Fred A. van Eeuwijk
- Biometris, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hendriek C. Boshuizen
- Department of Statistics, mathematical modelling and data logistics, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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Agogo GO. A zero-augmented generalized gamma regression calibration to adjust for covariate measurement error: A case of an episodically consumed dietary intake. Biom J 2016; 59:94-109. [PMID: 27704599 DOI: 10.1002/bimj.201600043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Measurement error in exposure variables is a serious impediment in epidemiological studies that relate exposures to health outcomes. In nutritional studies, interest could be in the association between long-term dietary intake and disease occurrence. Long-term intake is usually assessed with food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), which is prone to recall bias. Measurement error in FFQ-reported intakes leads to bias in parameter estimate that quantifies the association. To adjust for bias in the association, a calibration study is required to obtain unbiased intake measurements using a short-term instrument such as 24-hour recall (24HR). The 24HR intakes are used as response in regression calibration to adjust for bias in the association. For foods not consumed daily, 24HR-reported intakes are usually characterized by excess zeroes, right skewness, and heteroscedasticity posing serious challenge in regression calibration modeling. We proposed a zero-augmented calibration model to adjust for measurement error in reported intake, while handling excess zeroes, skewness, and heteroscedasticity simultaneously without transforming 24HR intake values. We compared the proposed calibration method with the standard method and with methods that ignore measurement error by estimating long-term intake with 24HR and FFQ-reported intakes. The comparison was done in real and simulated datasets. With the 24HR, the mean increase in mercury level per ounce fish intake was about 0.4; with the FFQ intake, the increase was about 1.2. With both calibration methods, the mean increase was about 2.0. Similar trend was observed in the simulation study. In conclusion, the proposed calibration method performs at least as good as the standard method.
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Affiliation(s)
- George O Agogo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, 300 George St, Suite 775, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
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