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Zhang Y, Wang P, Jin MX, Zhou YQ, Ye L, Zhu XJ, Li HF, Zhou M, Li Y, Li S, Liang KY, Wang Y, Gao Y, Pan MX, Zhou SQ, Peng Q. Schisandrin B Improves the Hypothermic Preservation of Celsior Solution in Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:447-459. [PMID: 36947320 PMCID: PMC10219924 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00531-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) have emerged as promising therapy for immune and inflammatory diseases. However, how to maintain the activity and unique properties during cold storage and transportation is one of the key factors affecting the therapeutic efficiency of hUCMSCs. Schisandrin B (SchB) has many functions in cell protection as a natural medicine. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of SchB on the hypothermic preservation of hUCMSCs. METHODS hUCMSCs were isolated from Wharton's jelly. Subsequently, hUCMSCs were exposed to cold storage (4 °C) and 24-h re-warming. After that, cells viability, surface markers, immunomodulatory effects, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial integrity, apoptosis-related and antioxidant proteins expression level were evaluated. RESULTS SchB significantly alleviated the cells injury and maintained unique properties such as differentiation potential, level of surface markers and immunomodulatory effects of hUCMSCs. The protective effects of SchB on hUCMSCs after hypothermic storage seemed associated with its inhibition of apoptosis and the anti-oxidative stress effect mediated by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate SchB could be used as an agent for hypothermic preservation of hUCMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Peng Wang
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Mei-Xian Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Ying-Qi Zhou
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Liang Ye
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, China
| | - Hui-Fang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashi, 844000, China
| | - Yang Li
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Shao Li
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Kang-Yan Liang
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yi Wang
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yi Gao
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Ming-Xin Pan
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Shu-Qin Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Qing Peng
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
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PRESERVATION OF ERECTILE FUNCTION BY STATINS IN A RAT MODEL OF ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION INDUCED BY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA. JOURNAL OF MEN'S HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.15586/jomh.v16i1.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Schisandrin B attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling in mice by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:4645-4652. [PMID: 31798701 PMCID: PMC6878904 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of schisandrin B (Sch B) on myocardial hypertrophy induced by pressure overload in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups: i) Sham (n=12); ii) transverse aortic constriction (TAC) (n=12); and iii) Sch B-treated (n=12; 80 mg·kg−1·d−1 per gavage). The model of myocardial hypertrophy was established by constricting the descending branch of the aortic arch. Following a 4-week treatment period, cardiac remodeling was evaluated using echocardiography and pathological and molecular analysis. Sch B improved cardiac function in the Sch B-treated group compared with the TAC group. Moreover, the Sch B-treated group had a smaller myocardial cell cross-sectional area and less fibrosis compared with the TAC group. The protein expression levels of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis markers in the TAC group were significantly higher compared with those in the sham group. The same markers in the Sch B-treated group were significantly lower compared with those in the TAC group. Additionally, the phosphorylation levels of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway-associated proteins extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase were significantly lower in the Sch B-treated group compared with the TAC group. Further in vitro investigation demonstrated that Sch B prevented the adverse effects of angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy and fibrosis by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway in H9c2 cells. In conclusion, Sch B may improve pathological myocardial remodeling and cardiac function induced by pressure overload, and its underlying mechanism may be associated with inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway.
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Ding Z, Xiao J, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Chen W, Hu J, Guo Y, Zhang B. Pharmacokinetics and liver uptake of three Schisandra lignans in rats after oral administration of liposome encapsulating β-cyclodextrin inclusion compound of Schisandra extract. J Liposome Res 2019; 29:121-132. [DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2018.1430830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiajing Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, P. R. China
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Yueyao Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, P. R. China
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, P. R. China
| | - Yu Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, P. R. China
| | - Bingren Zhang
- College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, P. R. China
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Fan HJ, Tan ZB, Wu YT, Feng XR, Bi YM, Xie LP, Zhang WT, Ming Z, Liu B, Zhou YC. The role of ginsenoside Rb1, a potential natural glutathione reductase agonist, in preventing oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of H9C2 cells. J Ginseng Res 2018; 44:258-266. [PMID: 32148407 PMCID: PMC7031740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis is a key pathological process in ischemic heart disease. Glutathione reductase (GR) reduces glutathione disulfide to glutathione (GSH) to alleviate oxidative stress. Ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) prevents the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes; however, the role of GR in this process is unclear. Therefore, the effects of GRb1 on GR were investigated in this study. Methods The antiapoptotic effects of GRb1 were evaluated in H9C2 cells by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, annexin V/propidium iodide staining, and Western blotting. The antioxidative effects were measured by a reactive oxygen species assay, and GSH levels and GR activity were examined in the presence and absence of the GR inhibitor 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the binding of GRb1 to GR. The direct influence of GRb1 on GR was confirmed by recombinant human GR protein. Results GRb1 pretreatment caused dose-dependent inhibition of tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced cell apoptosis, at a level comparable to that of the positive control N-acetyl-L-cysteine. The binding energy between GRb1 and GR was positive (−6.426 kcal/mol), and the binding was stable. GRb1 significantly reduced reactive oxygen species production and increased GSH level and GR activity without altering GR protein expression in H9C2 cells. Moreover, GRb1 enhanced the recombinant human GR protein activity in vitro, with a half-maximal effective concentration of ≈2.317 μM. Conversely, 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea co-treatment significantly abolished the GRb1's apoptotic and antioxidative effects of GRb1 in H9C2 cells. Conclusion GRb1 is a potential natural GR agonist that protects against oxidative stress–induced apoptosis of H9C2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Jie Fan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The first hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang, China
| | - Zhang-Bin Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ting Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Reng Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yi-Ming Bi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling-Peng Xie
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Tong Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Ming
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Chun Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Ding M, Shu P, Gao S, Wang F, Gao Y, Chen Y, Deng W, He G, Hu Z, Li T. Schisandrin B protects human keratinocyte-derived HaCaT cells from tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxidative damage through activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:3571-3581. [PMID: 30272282 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Schisandrin B (Sch B), an active extract of Schisandra chinensis, has demonstrated antioxidant activity in a number of in vitro and in vivo models. In the present study, the capacity of Sch B to protect against oxidative injury in keratinocytes using the human keratinocyte‑derived HaCaT cell line was investigated. To induce oxidative injury, tert‑Butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) was employed. The results indicate that Sch B efficiently reduced tBHP‑induced cell death, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. Sch B also effectively attenuated the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and restored adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels in tBHP‑injured HaCaT cells. Furthermore, Sch B enhanced the expression of key antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, heme oxygenase‑1, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, and further engaged the nuclear factor‑erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway by modulating its phosphorylation through activating multiple upstream kinases, including protein kinase B, adenosine monophosphate‑activated protein kinase and mitogen‑activated protein kinases (MAPKs). The present study suggests that Sch B provides a protective effect in keratinocytes in response to oxidative injury via reinforcing the endogenous antioxidant defense system. Therefore, it may be applied as an adjuvant therapy or in health foods to delay the skin aging process and the onset of skin diseases caused by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ding
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250353, P.R. China
| | - Peng Shu
- Infinitus (China) Company, Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510663, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Institute of Life Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Fenglou Wang
- LB Cosmeceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Yitian Gao
- Institute of Life Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Institute of Life Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Deng
- Infinitus (China) Company, Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510663, P.R. China
| | - Gaiying He
- LB Cosmeceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Zhenlin Hu
- Institute of Life Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Tianduo Li
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250353, P.R. China
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Jang H, Bae WJ, Kim SJ, Cho HJ, Yuk SM, Han DS, Youn CS, Kwon EB, Hwang SY, Kim SW. The herbal formula KH-204 is protective against erectile dysfunction by minimizing oxidative stress and improving lipid profiles in a rat model of erectile dysfunction induced by hypercholesterolaemia. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:129. [PMID: 28235412 PMCID: PMC5324223 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1588-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Hypercholesterolaemia (HC) is a major risk factor for ischemic heart disease and is also known to be a risk factor for erectile dysfunction (ED). ED caused by HC is thought to be related to HC-induced oxidative stress damage in the vascular endothelium and erectile tissue. KH-204 is an herbal formula with a strong antioxidant effect. We evaluated the effects of KH-204 on erectile function in a rat model of HC-induced ED. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 weeks old) were divided into normal control, high-fat and cholesterol diet (HFC), and HFC with KH-204 treatment (HFC + KH) groups (n = 12 each). Normal control group rats were fed normal chow diet. HFC and HFC + KH group rats were fed high-fat and cholesterol diets and treated with or without daily oral doses of KH-204 for 12 weeks. Subsequently, intracavernous pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured, and lipid profiles, expression of endothelial (eNOS) and neuronal (nNOS) nitric oxide synthase, oxidative stress (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine), and ratio of smooth muscle cells and collagen fibres were evaluated in the serum and corpora tissue. Results Compared to the HFC group, the HFC + KH group showed statistically significant increases in peak ICP and ICP/MAP ratio, expression of eNOS and nNOS, and ratio of smooth muscle cells and collagen fibres (p < 0.05). The HFC + KH group also showed statistically significant decreases in oxidative stress (p < 0.05). Further the lipid profiles of this group were ameliorated compared to those of the HFC group (p < 0.05). Conclusions The current study shows that the antioxidant and hypolipidemic effects of KH-204 are effective in ameliorating ED by restoring endothelial dysfunction and suggests that KH-204 may be a potential therapeutic agent for ED by correcting the fundamental cause of ED.
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Extraction of polysaccharides and its antitumor activity on Magnolia kwangsiensis Figlar & Noot. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 142:98-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gao Z, Zhang J, Li L, Shen L, Li Q, Zou Y, Du X, Zhao Z. Heat shock proteins 27 and 70 contribute to the protection of Schisandrin B against d-galactosamine-induced liver injury in mice. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 94:373-8. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Schisandrin B is a hepatoprotective component isolated from a traditional Chinese herb, Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. This study determined the effect of Schisandrin B on d-galactosamine -induced liver injury and the role of heat shock proteins 27 and 70 against liver injury in mice. Acute liver injury was induced by intraperitoneal injection of d-galactosamine to mice, and Schisandrin B was given orally. The protein and gene expression of heat shock proteins 27 and 70 were detected by western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Liver tissues were subjected to histological evaluation, and the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in the serum were measured. Pretreatment of Schisandrin B significantly attenuated d-galactosamine-induced liver injury in mice. This result was evidenced by improved alteration of histopathological hepatic necrosis and reduced alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities in the serum. The hepatoprotective effect was accompanied with overexpression of heat shock proteins 27 and 70 both at the protein and mRNA levels. However, the aforementioned actions of Schisandrin B were all markedly suppressed by the heat shock protein inhibitor quercetin. Heat shock proteins 27 and 70 were involved in the protective effect of Schisandrin B against d-galactosamine-induced liver injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Gao
- Polygenic Disease Institute, Qiqihar Medical University, 333 Bukui Street, Jianhua District, Qiqihar 161006, P. R. China
| | - Jishun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 Jingyuan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100043, P. R. China
| | - Libo Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Qiqihar Medical University, 333 Bukui Street, Jianhua District, Qiqihar 161006, P. R. China
| | - Longqing Shen
- School of Basic Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, 333 Bukui Street, Jianhua District, Qiqihar 161006, P. R. China
| | - Qingyi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Qiqihar Medical University, 333 Bukui Street, Jianhua District, Qiqihar 161006, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zou
- Department of Pharmacology, Qiqihar Medical University, 333 Bukui Street, Jianhua District, Qiqihar 161006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Qiqihar Medical University, 333 Bukui Street, Jianhua District, Qiqihar 161006, P. R. China
| | - Zhibo Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, 333 Bukui Street, Jianhua District, Qiqihar 161006, P. R. China
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Wat E, Ng CF, Wong ECW, Koon CM, Lau CP, Cheung DWS, Fung KP, Lau CBS, Leung PC. The hepatoprotective effect of the combination use of Fructus Schisandrae with statin--A preclinical evaluation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 178:104-114. [PMID: 26666731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fructus Schisandrae is traditionally used as a liver-toning Chinese herb. Recent studies suggested Fructus Schisandrae could prevent high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis as well as improving anti-oxidative status within the liver, which is a proposed mechanism against statin-induced liver toxicity. AIM The aim of the present study was to determine if the combination use of Atorvastatin (AS) and Fructus Schisandrae aqueous extract (FSE) could (a) exert potent therapeutic effects not only on high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia, but also on hepatomegaly (enlarge of liver size) and hepatic steatosis (fatty liver); and (b) reduce side effects caused by intake of statin alone including increased incidence of elevated liver enzymes and liver toxicity in Sprague Dawley rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied 5 groups of Sprague Dawley rats that were given the following treatment for 8 weeks: (i) Normal-chow diet; (ii) High-fat diet (contains 21% fat and 0.15% cholesterol); (iii) High-fat diet (contains 21% fat and 0.15% cholesterol)+0.3% Atorvastatin; (iv) High-fat diet (contains 21% fat and 0.15% cholesterol)+0.45% FSE; (v) High-fat diet (contains 21% fat and 0.15% cholesterol)+0.3% Atorvastatin+0.45% FSE. After 8 weeks of treatment, body weight, adipose tissue and liver mass were measured, and liver and plasma lipid levels were determined to evaluate to effect of FSE with or without AS treatment on diet-induced obesity, hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis. Liver enzyme activities, anti-oxidative status and membrane permeability transition were also assessed to determine if FSE could reduce the side effects induced by AS. RESULTS From the results, FSE treatment alone resulted in significant inhibitory effect on diet-induced increase in: (a) body weight; (b) fat pad mass (epididymal, perirenal and inguinal fat); (c) liver weight; (d) total liver lipid; (e) liver triglyceride and cholesterol levels; and (f) plasma lipid levels, suggesting FSE has a potential preventive beneficial effect on weight control and lipid metabolism in Sprague Dawley rats with diet-induced obesity. However, FSE supplementation exerted no further beneficial effect on diet-induced metabolic syndrome when it is combined with AS treatment, compared with rats given AS-treatment alone. At the dose of 0.45%, dietary FSE supplementation resulted in: (a) reduced liver enzymes (ALT and AST) levels; (b) reduced macrophage infiltration (CD68); (c) improved liver glutathione levels (anti-oxidative status); (d) reduced liver reactive oxidative species; (e) a trend to reduce calcium-induced membrane permeability transition within the liver. Most importantly, these improvements induced by FSE treatment were not only observed in the livers of rats given high-fat-diet, but also in high-fat-fed rats with atorvastatin-induced hepatotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data suggested FSE has a potential beneficial effect on weight control and lipid metabolism in Sprague Dawley rats with diet-induced obesity, and the combination use of FSE with AS could significantly prevent liver toxicity and anti-oxidative status induced by AS alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Wat
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Reso urces in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Chun Fai Ng
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Reso urces in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Eric Chun Wai Wong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Reso urces in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Chi Man Koon
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Reso urces in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Ching Po Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Reso urces in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - David Wing Shing Cheung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Reso urces in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Kwok Pui Fung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Reso urces in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Clara Bik San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Reso urces in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Ping Chung Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Reso urces in West China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
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Leong PK, Ko KM. Schisandrin B induces an Nrf2-mediated thioredoxin expression and suppresses the activation of inflammasome in vitro and in vivo. Biofactors 2015; 41:314-23. [PMID: 26307448 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated activation of inflammasome is involved in the development of a wide spectrum of diseases. We aimed to investigate whether (-)schisandrin B [(-)Sch B], a phytochemical that can induce cellular antioxidant response, can suppress the inflammasome activation. Results showed that (-)Sch B can induce an nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-driven thioredoxin expression in primary peritoneal macrophages and cultured RAW264.7 macrophages. A 4-h priming of peritoneal macrophages with LPS followed by a 30-min incubation with ATP caused the activation of caspase 1 and the release of IL-1β, indicative of inflammasome activation. Although LPS/ATP did not activate inflammasome in RAW264.7 macrophages, it caused the ROS-dependent c-Jun N-terminal kinase1/2 (JNK1/2) activation and an associated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release in RAW264.7 macrophages, an indication of cytotoxicity. (-)Sch B suppressed the LPS/ATP-induced activation of caspase 1 and release of IL-1β in peritoneal macrophages. (-)Sch B also attenuated the LPS/ATP-induced ROS production, JNK1/2 activation and LDH release in RAW264.7 macrophages. The ability of (-)Sch B to suppress LPS/ATP-mediated inflammation in vitro was further confirmed by an animal study, in which schisandrin B treatment (2 mmol/kg p.o.) ameliorated the Imject Alum-induced peritonitis, as indicated by suppressions of caspase1 activation and plasma IL-1β level. The ensemble of results suggests that (-)Sch B may offer a promising prospect for preventing the inflammasome-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pou Kuan Leong
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kam Ming Ko
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Chun JN, Cho M, So I, Jeon JH. The protective effects of Schisandra chinensis fruit extract and its lignans against cardiovascular disease: A review of the molecular mechanisms. Fitoterapia 2014; 97:224-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Xie J, Potter A, Xie W, Lynch C, Seefeldt T. Evaluation of a dithiocarbamate derivative as a model of thiol oxidative stress in H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 70:214-22. [PMID: 24607690 PMCID: PMC4011664 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Thiol redox state (TRS) refers to the balance between reduced thiols and their corresponding disulfides and is mainly reflected by the ratio of reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG). A decrease in GSH/GSSG, which reflects a state of thiol oxidative stress, as well as thiol modifications such as S-glutathionylation, has been shown to have important implications in a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, research models for inducing thiol oxidative stress are important tools for studying the pathophysiology of these disease states as well as examining the impact of pharmacological interventions on thiol pathways. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of a dithiocarbamate derivative, 2-acetylamino-3-[4-(2-acetylamino-2-carboxyethylsulfanylthiocarbonylamino)phenylthiocarbamoylsulfanyl]propionic acid (2-AAPA), as a pharmacological model of thiol oxidative stress by examining the extent of thiol modifications induced in H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes and its impact on cellular functions. The extent of thiol oxidative stress produced by 2-AAPA was also compared to other models of oxidative stress including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), diamide, buthionine sulfoximine, and N,N׳-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitroso-urea. Results indicated that 2-AAPA effectively inhibited glutathione reductase and thioredoxin reductase activities and decreased the GSH/GSSG ratio by causing a significant accumulation of GSSG. 2-AAPA also increased the formation of protein disulfides as well as S-glutathionylation. The alteration in TRS led to a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c, and increase in reactive oxygen species production. Compared to other models, 2-AAPA is more potent at creating a state of thiol oxidative stress with lower cytotoxicity, higher specificity, and more pharmacological relevance, and could be utilized as a research tool to study TRS-related normal and abnormal biochemical processes in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashu Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Ashley Potter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Wei Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Christophina Lynch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Teresa Seefeldt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
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Li L, Zhang T, Zhou L, Zhou L, Xing G, Chen Y, Xin Y. Schisandrin B attenuates acetaminophen-induced hepatic injury through heat-shock protein 27 and 70 in mice. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 29:640-7. [PMID: 24219791 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Schisandrin B is an active component isolated from Schisandra chinensis (TurcZ.) Baill. that is widely used as an antihepatotoxic agent. Schisandrin B has significant hepatoprotective effect against chemical and immunological liver injury. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Schisandrin B on the expression of 27- and 70-kDa heat-shock protein (HSP) and its role in protection against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice. METHODS After the mice were pretreated, Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the protein and gene expression of HSP27 and HSP70, respectively; the liver tissues were subjected to histological evaluation, and alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities in the serum were measured. RESULTS Oral administration of Schisandrin B increased the expression of HSP27 and HSP70 in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The inducing effect of Schisandrin B on HSP27 and HSP70 was also confirmed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In the acetaminophen-induced liver injury mouse model, the prior oral administration of Schisandrin B (200 mg/kg) three times in 24 h markedly alleviated liver injury as indicated by the amelioration of histopathological hepatic necrosis and the reduction of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities in the serum. However, the earlier actions of Schisandrin B were all suppressed significantly by Quercetin, a known HSP inhibitor. CONCLUSION The hepatic cytoprotective action of Schisandrin B against acetaminophen-induced liver injury is mediated, at least in part, by the induction of HSP27 and HSP70 in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
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Chen P, Pang S, Yang N, Meng H, Liu J, Zhou N, Zhang M, Xu Z, Gao W, Chen B, Tao Z, Wang L, Yang Z. Beneficial effects of schisandrin B on the cardiac function in mice model of myocardial infarction. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79418. [PMID: 24260217 PMCID: PMC3832629 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The fruit of Schisandra chinensis has been used in the traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Accumulating evidence suggests that Schisandrin B (Sch B) has cardioprotection effect on myocardial ischemia invitro. However, it is unclear whether Sch B has beneficial effects on continuous myocardial ischemia in vivo. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Sch B could improve cardiac function and attenuate myocardial remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) in mice. Mice model of MI was established by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. Then the MI mice were randomly treated with Sch B or vehicle alone. After treatment for 3 weeks, Sch B could increase survival rate, improve heart function and decrease infarct size compared with vehicle. Moreover, Sch B could down-regulate some inflammatory cytokines, activate eNOS pathway, inhibit cell apoptosis, and enhance cell proliferation. Further in vitro study on H9c2 cells showed similar effects of Sch B on prevention of hypoxia-induced inflammation and cell apoptosis. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Sch B can reduce inflammation, inhibit apoptosis, and improve cardiac function after ischemic injury. It represents a potential novel therapeutic approach for treatment of ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengsheng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sisi Pang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Naiquan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Huai’an Second People’s Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical College, Huai’an, China
| | - Haoyu Meng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Clinical Diabetes Centre of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ningtian Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhihui Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengxian Tao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liansheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail:
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Modulation of Liver l-γ-Glutamyl-l-cysteinylglycine Homeostasis By N-Acetyl-Glucosamine-thiazolidine-4(R)-carboxylic Acid in Mice. Am J Med Sci 2012; 343:310-5. [DOI: 10.1097/maj.0b013e31822b02f4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cytochrome P450-catalysed reactive oxygen species production mediates the (−)schisandrin B-induced glutathione and heat shock responses in AML12 hepatocytes. Cell Biol Int 2012; 36:321-6. [DOI: 10.1042/cbi20090451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Liu W, Xu Z, Yang H, Deng Y, Xu B, Wei Y. The protective effects of tea polyphenols and schisandrin B on nephrotoxicity of mercury. Biol Trace Elem Res 2011; 143:1651-65. [PMID: 21369715 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-011-8996-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is an occupational and environmental contaminant that is a well-recognized health hazard. To approach the concrete mechanisms of mercury nephrotoxicity and find out a new way to prevent it, the rats were subcutaneously injected with different dosages of mercuric chloride (HgCl(2))--0, 2.2, 4.4, and 8.8 μmol/kg. The levels of Hg, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urine protein, glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were investigated, and the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis and the pathological changes were also observed. In addition, the effects of 1 mmol/kg tea polyphenols (TP) and 0.04 mmol/kg schisandrin B (Sch B) were studied at 8.8 μmol/kg HgCl(2). It was observed that the levels of Hg, BUN, urine protein, GSH, and MDA and activities of NAG, ALP, and LDH increased significantly; the activities of SOD and GSH-Px decreased significantly; the levels of ROS and apoptosis increased obviously; and many pathological changes occurred dose-dependently in the HgCl(2) injection groups. Further investigation indicated that pretreatment with TP and Sch B significantly reversed the toxic effects of HgCl(2). These results suggested that TP and Sch B might antagonize the nephrotoxicity caused by HgCl(2) exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Peoples Republic of China
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Different role of Schisandrin B on mercury-induced renal damage in vivo and in vitro. Toxicology 2011; 286:48-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Moncayo R. Reflections on the theory of "silver bullet" octreotide tracers: implications for ligand-receptor interactions in the age of peptides, heterodimers, receptor mosaics, truncated receptors, and multifractal analysis. EJNMMI Res 2011; 1:9. [PMID: 22214590 PMCID: PMC3251005 DOI: 10.1186/2191-219x-1-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The classical attitude of Nuclear Medicine practitioners on matters of peptide-receptor interactions has maintained an intrinsic monogamic character since many years. New advances in the field of biochemistry and even in clinical Nuclear Medicine have challenged this type of thinking, which prompted me to work on this review. The central issue of this paper will be the use of somatostatin analogs, i.e., octreotide, in clinical imaging procedures as well as in relation to neuroendocirne tumors. Newly described characteristics of G-protein coupled receptors such as the formation of receptor mosaics will be discussed. A small section will enumerate the regulatory processes found in the cell membrane. Possible new interpretations, other than tumor detection, based on imaging procedures with somatostatin analogs will be presented. The readers will be taken to situations such as inflammation, nociception, mechanosensing, chemosensing, fibrosis, taste, and vascularity where somatostatin is involved. Thyroid-associated orbitopathy will be used as a model for the development of multi-agent therapeutics. The final graphical summary depicts the multifactorial properties of ligand binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Moncayo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Leong PK, Chiu PY, Chen N, Leung H, Ko KM. Schisandrin B elicits a glutathione antioxidant response and protects against apoptosis via the redox-sensitive ERK/Nrf2 pathway in AML12 hepatocytes. Free Radic Res 2011; 45:483-95. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2010.550917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Chiu PY, Luk KF, Leung HY, Ng KM, Ko KM. Schisandrin B stereoisomers protect against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis and associated changes in the Ca(2+)-induced mitochondrial permeability transition and mitochondrial membrane potential in AML12 hepatocytes. Phytother Res 2010; 23:1592-602. [PMID: 19370538 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The effects of the schisandrin B stereoisomers, (+/-)gamma-schisandrin [(+/-)gamma-Sch] and (-)schisandrin B [(-)Sch B], on hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis were investigated in AML12 hepatocytes. Changes in cellular reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, Ca(2+)-induced mitochondrial permeability transitions (MPTs) and mitochondrial membrane potentials (Deltapsi(m) values) were also examined in (+/-)gamma-Sch- and (-)Sch B-treated cells, without or with hypoxia/reoxygenation challenge. The (+/-)gamma-Sch/(-)Sch B pretreatments (2.5-5.0 microm) protected against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis in AML12 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, with the (-)Sch B effect being more potent. Drug antiapoptotic effects were further evidenced by suppression of hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced mitochondrial cytochrome c release and subsequent cleavage of caspase 3 and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase by (-)Sch B pretreatment. Whereas hypoxia/reoxygenation challenge increased the extent of Ca(2+)-induced MPT pore opening, and Deltapsi(m), in AML12 hepatocytes, cytoprotection afforded by (+/-)gamma-Sch/(-)Sch B pretreatment against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis was associated with a decreased sensitivity to Ca(2+)-induced MPT and an increased Deltapsi(m) in both unchallenged and challenged cells, compared with the drug-free control. The results indicate that (+/-)gamma-Sch/(-)Sch B pretreatment protected against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis in AML12 hepatocytes and that the cytoprotection afforded by (+/-)gamma-Sch/(-)Sch B may at least in part be mediated by a decrease in sensitivity to Ca(2+)-induced MPT, which may in turn result from enhancement of cellular GSH levels by drug pretreatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po Yee Chiu
- Department of Biochemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Billinsky JL, Krol ES. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid autoxidation produces a schisandrin-like dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2008; 71:1612-1615. [PMID: 18672930 DOI: 10.1021/np8001354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The lignan meso-nordihydroguaiaretic acid is known to undergo spontaneous oxidation in alkaline solution. In the presence of the trapping agent glutathione, the major oxidation products are consistent with the formation of a meso-nordihydroguaiaretic acid ortho-quinone. In the absence of a trapping agent however, the major oxidation product of meso-nordihydroguaiaretic acid in aqueous solution is a unique, stable schisandrin-like dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan that may be responsible for some of the biological effects of nordihydroguaiaretic acid.
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Schisandrin B stereoisomers protect against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis and inhibit associated changes in Ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition and mitochondrial membrane potential in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Life Sci 2008; 82:1092-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2008.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2007] [Revised: 02/11/2008] [Accepted: 03/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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