1
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Cho Y, Kim BH, Kim Y, Kim IH. Concentration of docosahexaenoic acid from tuna oil via a two lipase-catalyzed reaction. Food Chem 2024; 458:140253. [PMID: 38964107 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was concentrated successfully in the glyceride fractions from tuna oil via a two-step enzyme reaction involving hydrolysis and ethanolysis. In the first step, Candida rugosa lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis was carried out to concentrate DHA in the glyceride fractions. The DHA content in the glyceride fraction after hydrolysis increased from 30% in the initial tuna oil to 46%. In the second step, Lipozyme RM IM-catalyzed ethanolysis was conducted with the reaction mixture from the first step to further concentrate DHA in the glyceride fraction. In this step, the reaction mixture obtained from the first step was employed directly in Lipozyme RM IM-catalyzed ethanolysis without additional steps needed to remove free fatty acid. Finally, DHA was concentrated from an initial content of 30% in the tuna oil to 68.4% in the glyceride fractions via a novel two-step enzyme reaction strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejie Cho
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, 145 Anam-Ro, Sungbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hee Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangha Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hwan Kim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, 145 Anam-Ro, Sungbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Zhang J, Chen J, Sha Y, Deng J, Wu J, Yang P, Zou F, Ying H, Zhuang W. Water-mediated active conformational transitions of lipase on organic solvent interfaces. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134056. [PMID: 39074702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
When it comes to enzyme stability and their application in organic solvents, enzyme biocatalysis has emerged as a popular substitute for conventional chemical processes. However, the demand for enzymes exhibiting improved stability remains a persistent challenge. Organic solvents can significantly impacts enzyme properties, thereby limiting their practical application. This study focuses on Lipase Thermomyces lanuginose, through molecular dynamics simulations and experiments, we quantified the effect of different solvent-lipase interfaces on the interfacial activation of lipase. Revealed molecular views of the complex solvation processes through the minimum distance distribution function. Solvent-protein interactions were used to interpret the factors influencing changes in lipase conformation and enzyme activity. We found that water content is crucial for enzyme stability, and the optimum water content for lipase activity was 35 % in the presence of benzene-water interface, which is closely related to the increase of its interfacial activation angle from 78° to 102°. Methanol induces interfacial activation in addition to significant competitive inhibition and denaturation at low water content. Our findings shed light on the importance of understanding solvent effects on enzyme function and provide practical insights for enzyme engineering and optimization in various solvent-lipase interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihang Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jiale Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yu Sha
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jiawei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jinglan Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Pengpeng Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Fengxia Zou
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Hanjie Ying
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
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3
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Kuroiwa T, Katayama M, Uemoto K, Kanazawa A. Substrate specificity of commercial lipases activated by a hydration-aggregation pretreatment in anhydrous esterification reactions. Enzyme Microb Technol 2024; 180:110497. [PMID: 39154569 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2024.110497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Substrate specificity in non-aqueous esterification catalyzed by commercial lipases activated by hydration-aggregation pretreatment was investigated. Four microbial lipases from Rhizopus japonicus, Burkholderia cepacia, Rhizomucor miehei, and Candida antarctica (fraction B) were used to study the effect of the carbon chain length of saturated fatty acid substrates on the esterification activity with methanol in n-hexane. Hydration-aggregation pretreatment had an activation effect on all lipases used, and different chain length dependencies of esterification activity for lipases from different origins were demonstrated. The effects of various acidic substrates with different degrees of unsaturation, aromatic rings, and alcohol substrates with different carbon chain lengths on esterification activity were examined using R. japonicus lipase, which demonstrated the most remarkable activity enhancement after hydration-aggregation pretreatment. Furthermore, in the esterification of myristic acid with methanol catalyzed by the hydrated-aggregated R. japonicus lipase, maximum reaction rate (5.43 × 10-5 mmol/(mg-biocat min)) and Michaelis constants for each substrate (48.5 mM for myristic acid, 24.7 mM for methanol) were determined by kinetic analysis based on the two-substrate Michaelis-Menten model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kuroiwa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo City University, 1-28-1 Tamazutsumi, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8557, Japan.
| | - Maho Katayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo City University, 1-28-1 Tamazutsumi, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8557, Japan
| | - Kazuki Uemoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo City University, 1-28-1 Tamazutsumi, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8557, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kanazawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo City University, 1-28-1 Tamazutsumi, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8557, Japan
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4
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Wei T, Mueed A, Luo T, Sun Y, Zhang B, Zheng L, Deng Z, Li J. 1,3-Dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl-glycerol and 1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-3-linoleoyl-glycerol: Structure-function relationship, triacylglycerols preparation, nutrition value. Food Chem 2024; 443:138560. [PMID: 38295563 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Based on multivariate statistics, this review compared major triacylglycerols (TAGs) in animal milk and human milk fat from China and other countries. Human milk fat differs from animal milk fat in that it has longer acyl chains and higher concentrations of 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl-glycerol (O-P-O) and 1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-3-linoleoylglycerol (O-P-L). O-P-L is a significant and distinct TAG in human milk fat, particularly in China. 1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-3-linoleoylglycerol (OPL) is human milk's major triglyceride molecule of O-P-L, accounting for more than 70%. As a result, OPL has piqued the interest of Chinese academics. The synthesis process and nutritional outcomes of OPL have been studied, including changes in gut microbiota, serum lipid composition, improved fatty acid and calcium absorption, and increased total bile acid levels. However, current OPL research is limited. Therefore, this review discussed enzymatic preparation of 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl-glycerol (OPO) and OPL and their nutritional and physiological activity to direct future research direction for sn-2 palmitate and OPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
| | - Abdul Mueed
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Ting Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China; International Institute of Food Innovation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Yong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China; International Institute of Food Innovation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China; International Institute of Food Innovation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Liufeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China; International Institute of Food Innovation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Zeyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China; International Institute of Food Innovation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, China.
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China; International Institute of Food Innovation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, China.
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5
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Zhao J, Ma M, Zeng Z, Wan D, Yan X, Xia J, Yu P, Gong D. Production, purification, properties and current perspectives for modification and application of microbial lipases. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38445829 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2024.2323196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
With the industrialization and development of modern science, the application of enzymes as green and environmentally friendly biocatalysts in industry has been increased widely. Among them, lipase (EC. 3.1.1.3) is a very prominent biocatalyst, which has the ability to catalyze the hydrolysis and synthesis of ester compounds. Many lipases have been isolated from various sources, such as animals, plants and microorganisms, among which microbial lipase is the enzyme with the most diverse enzymatic properties and great industrial application potential. It therefore has promising applications in many industries, such as food and beverages, waste treatment, biofuels, leather, textiles, detergent formulations, ester synthesis, pharmaceuticals and medicine. Although many microbial lipases have been isolated and characterized, only some of them have been commercially exploited. In order to cope with the growing industrial demands and overcome these shortcomings to replace traditional chemical catalysts, the preparation of new lipases with thermal/acid-base stability, regioselectivity, organic solvent tolerance, high activity and yield, and reusability through excavation and modification has become a hot research topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Maomao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zheling Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Dongman Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xianghui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiaheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ping Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Resource and Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Resources Exploitation, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- New Zealand Institute of Natural Medicine Research, Auckland, New Zealand
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6
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Li Y, Guo J, Sun S. Decreasing acid value of fatty acid ethyl ester products using complex enzymes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1355009. [PMID: 38390361 PMCID: PMC10882546 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1355009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, enzymatic method has been used to prepare biodiesel using various oils. But the high acid value of the biodiesel product using enzyme as a catalyst has been one issue. In this work, an attempt to reduce the acid value of fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) product to satisfy the specified requirement (AV ≤ 0.5 mgKOH/g), a complex enzyme-catalyzed method was used for the ethanolysis of Semen Abutili seed oil (SASO) (AV = 5.5 ± 0.3 mgKOH/g). The effects of various variables (constituents of complex enzyme, type and addition of water removal agent, time, temperature, enzyme addition load, substrate ratio) on the enzymatic reaction were investigated. The optimal reaction conditions were: 1% addition of liquid lipase Eversa® Transform 2.0% and 0.8% of enzyme dry powder CALB, reaction temperature 35°C, alcohol-oil ratio 9:1 (mol/mol), 0.8 g/g of 4A-MS and reaction time 24 h. Under the optimal reaction conditions, the FAEE yield was 90.8% ± 1.5% and its acid value was decreased from 12.0 ± 0.2 mgKOH/g to 0.39 ± 0.10 mgKOH/g. In further evaluating the feasibility of preparing FAEE from SASO, the FAEE products obtained under the optimal reaction conditions were purified and evaluated with reference to the ASTM D6751 standard for the main physicochemical indexes. The results obtained were in accordance with the requirements except for the oxidative stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Li
- Lipid Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- Lipid Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shangde Sun
- Lipid Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
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7
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Lehmann P, Jopp S. Excellence in Acrylation - Scope and Limitation of Glucosyl Imidazolium-coated Novozym 435 Catalyzed (Meth)acryl Ester Synthesis. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202300918. [PMID: 38010632 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of carbohydrate based ionic liquids as a support for Novozym 435 was previously studied by the authors for the acrylation of n-butanol as the target substrate, which was used as the foundation for the design of experiments. The combination of carbohydrate based ionic liquids and Novozym 435 remains a key aspect of this work. Building upon this, the reaction parameters were optimized for the Novozym catalyst. Substrate screening was performed to explore the scope and limitations of room temperature acrylation reactions. Herein, different alcohols and reaction conditions were screened extensively for the different acrylate products with yields of up to 99.9 % determined via gas chromatography (GC). Standard straight chain alcohols, 2-functionalized ethanol derivatives with electron donating and withdrawing groups, and more sterically challenging substrates were investigated over a broad concentration region. To further underline the applicability of the modified biocatalyst, two alcohols were converted with methacrylic acid. The presented method offers a greener pathway for acrylate synthesis, which eliminates the need for high reaction temperatures, strongly acidic catalysts and/or polymerization inhibitors as used in non-biocatalytic acrylate synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Lehmann
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefan Jopp
- Department Life, Light & Matter, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 25, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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8
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Martinez-Garcia M, Van Hecke W, Peeters H, Gabriels D, Van der Weeën P, Dejonghe W, Satyawali Y. Methyl oleate for plant protection products formulations: Enzymatic synthesis, reaction kinetics and application testing. J Biotechnol 2024; 379:78-86. [PMID: 38072327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a solvent-free enzymatic approach for the synthesis of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), such as methyl oleate, for their application as adjuvant in plant protection products (PPP) formulations. The direct esterification between free fatty acid and methanol was optimized to achieve 98% acid conversion. The kinetics of this conversion was accurately described by a simple second order mechanism and non-linear regression was applied to calculate the rate constants of the forward and backward reactions based on full progress curves data. The rate constant of the forward reaction (synthesis) was one order of magnitude higher than the backward reaction (hydrolysis) and favored formation of the target methyl ester product, rendering the removal of water unnecessary. Enzymatically synthesized methyl oleate was benchmarked against the chemically synthesized compound, showing matching results in terms of stability, spreadability and emulsifying capacity in plant care formulations. The enzymatic synthesis of FAMEs under solvent free conditions allows to achieve a safer and more sustainable character for carrier solvents in PPP formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Martinez-Garcia
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, Mol 2400, Belgium
| | - Wouter Van Hecke
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, Mol 2400, Belgium
| | - Hilde Peeters
- Oleon, Avril group, Assenedestraat 2, Evergem 9940, Belgium
| | - Dries Gabriels
- Oleon, Avril group, Assenedestraat 2, Evergem 9940, Belgium
| | | | - Winnie Dejonghe
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, Mol 2400, Belgium
| | - Yamini Satyawali
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, Mol 2400, Belgium.
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9
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Ong SN, Kamarudin NHA, Shariff FM, Noor NDM, Ali MSM, Rahman RNZRA. Effects of alcohol concentration and temperature on the dynamics and stability of mutant Staphylococcal lipase. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37968883 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2282177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
The stability and activity of lipase in organic media are important parameters in determining how quickly biocatalysis proceeds. This study aimed to examine the effects of two commonly used alcohols in industrial applications, methanol (MtOH) and ethanol (EtOH) on the conformational stability and catalytic activity of G210C lipase, a laboratory-evolved mutant of Staphylococcus epidermidis AT2 lipase. Simulation studies were performed using an open-form predicted structure under 30, 40 and 50% of MtOH and EtOH at 25 °C and 45 °C. The overall enzyme structure becomes more flexible with increasing concentration of MtOH and exhibited the highest flexibility in 40% EtOH. In EtOH, the movement of the lid was found to be temperature-dependent with a noticeable shift in the lid position at 45 °C. Lid opening was evidenced at 50% of MtOH and EtOH which was supported by the increase in SASA of hydrophobic residues of the lid and catalytic triad. The active site remained mostly intact. An open-closed lid transition was observed when the structure was re-simulated in water. Experimental evaluation of the lipase stability showed that the half-life reduced when the enzyme was treated with 40% (v/v) and 50% (v/v) of EtOH and MtOH respectively. The finding implies that a high concentration of alcohol and elevated temperature can induce the lid opening of lipase which could be essential for the activation of the enzyme, provided that the catalytic performance in the active site is not compromised.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shir Nee Ong
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Hafizah Ahmad Kamarudin
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Centre for Foundation Studies in Science of Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fairolniza Mohd Shariff
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noor Dina Muhd Noor
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shukuri Mohamad Ali
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Raja Noor Zaliha Raja Abd Rahman
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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10
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Liu S, Liu W, Yin H, Yang C, Chen J. Improving rhamnolipids production using fermentation-foam fractionation coupling system: cell immobilization and waste frying oil emulsion. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023:10.1007/s00449-023-02890-5. [PMID: 37338581 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02890-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
This work focused on the development of an inexpensive carbon source and the improvement of the fermentation-foam fractionation coupling system. The rhamnolipids production capacity of waste frying oil (WFO) was evaluated. The suitable bacterial cultivation of seed liquid and the addition amount of WFO was 16 h and 2% (v/v), respectively. A combined strategy of cell immobilization and oil emulsion avoid cell entrainment inside foam and improves the oil mass transfer rate. The immobilization conditions of bacterial cells into alginate-chitosan-alginate (ACA) microcapsules were optimized using the response surface method (RSM). Under the optimal conditions, rhamnolipids production using batch fermentation with immobilized strain reached 7.18 ± 0.23% g/L. WFO was emulsified into a fermentation medium using rhamnolipids as emulsifier (0.5 g/L). By monitoring dissolved oxygen, 30 mL/min was selected as a suitable air volumetric flow rate for fermentation-foam fractionation coupling operation. The total production and recovery percentage of rhamnolipids were 11.29 ± 0.36 g/L and 95.62 ± 0.38%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, No.8 Guangrong Road, DingziGu, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, No.8 Guangrong Road, DingziGu, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300130, China.
| | - Hao Yin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, No.8 Guangrong Road, DingziGu, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, No.8 Guangrong Road, DingziGu, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, No.8 Guangrong Road, DingziGu, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300130, China
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11
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Souza-Gonçalves J, Fialho A, Soares CMF, Osório NM, Ferreira-Dias S. Continuous Production of Dietetic Structured Lipids Using Crude Acidic Olive Pomace Oils. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062637. [PMID: 36985609 PMCID: PMC10054457 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Crude olive pomace oil (OPO) is a by-product of olive oil extraction. In this study, low-calorie structured triacylglycerols (TAGs) were produced by acidolysis of crude OPO with medium-chain fatty acids (caprylic, C8:0; capric, C10:0) or interesterification with their ethyl ester forms (C8EE, C10EE). These new TAGs present long-chain fatty acids (L) at position sn-2 and medium-chain fatty acids (M) at positions sn-1,3 (MLM). Crude OPO exhibited a high acidity (12.05–28.75% free fatty acids), and high contents of chlorophylls and oxidation products. Reactions were carried out continuously in a packed-bed bioreactor for 70 h, using sn-1,3 regioselective commercial immobilized lipases (Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase, Lipozyme TL IM; and Rhizomucor miehei lipase, Lipozyme RM IM), in solvent-free media at 40 °C. Lipozyme RM IM presented a higher affinity for C10:0 and C10EE. Lipozyme TL IM preferred C10:0 over C8:0 but C8EE over C10EE. Both biocatalysts showed a high activity and operational stability and were not affected by OPO acidity. The New TAG yields ranged 30–60 and the specific productivity ranged 0.96–1.87 g NewTAG/h.g biocatalyst. Lipozyme RM IM cost is more than seven-fold the Lipozyme TL IM cost. Therefore, using Lipozyme TL IM and crude acidic OPO in a continuous bioreactor will contribute to process sustainability for structured lipid production by lowering the cost of the biocatalyst and avoiding oil refining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Souza-Gonçalves
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food—Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Arsénio Fialho
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cleide M. F. Soares
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Avenida Murilo Dantas 300—Farolandia, Aracaju 49032-490, Brazil
- Tiradentes University (UNIT), Avenida Murilo Dantas 300—Farolandia, Aracaju 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Natália M. Osório
- Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Escola Superior de Tecnologia do Barreiro, 2839-001 Lavradio, Portugal
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Centro de Estudos Florestais, Associated Laboratory TERRA, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Suzana Ferreira-Dias
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food—Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Laboratório de Estudos Técnicos, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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12
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Sustainable Castor Bean Biodiesel Through Ricinus communis L. Lipase Extract Catalysis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:1297-1318. [PMID: 36484918 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The rise in oil prices, global warming, and the depletion of nonrenewable resources have led researchers to study sustainable alternatives to increasing energy demand. The autocatalysis from castor oil and castor lipases to produce biodiesel can be an excellent alternative to reduce the production costs and avoid the drawbacks of chemical transesterification. This study aimed to evaluate the catalytic activity of castor bean lipase extract (CBLE) on three vegetable oils hydrolysis, to obtain and enhance biodiesel yield by an autocatalysis from castor oil and CBLE. Furthermore, the enzymatic biodiesel physicochemical quality was analyzed. The enzymatic activity for olive oil was 76.12 U, 90.06 U for commercial castor oil, and 75.60 U in raw castor oil. The hydrolysis percentages were high at 25 °C, pH 4.5, for 4 h with 97.18% for olive oil, 98.86%, and 96.19% for commercial and raw castor oil, respectively. The CBLE catalyzed the transesterification reaction on castor oil to obtain 82.91% biodiesel yield under the selected conditions of 20% lipase loading, 1:6 oil/methanol molar ratio, and 10% buffer pH 4.5, 37 °C for 8 h. The castor biodiesel quality satisfied the ASTM-D6751 (USA) and EN-14214 (European Union) values, except for the density, viscosity, and moisture, as expected for this kind of biodiesel.
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13
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Dab A, Hasnaoui I, Mechri S, Allala F, Bouacem K, Noiriel A, Bouanane-Darenfed A, Saalaoui E, Asehraou A, Wang F, Abousalham A, Jaouadi B. Biochemical characterization of an alkaline and detergent-stable Lipase from Fusarium annulatum Bugnicourt strain CBS associated with olive tree dieback. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286091. [PMID: 37205651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This work describes a novel extracellular lipolytic carboxylester hydrolase named FAL, with lipase and phospholipase A1 (PLA1) activity, from a newly isolated filamentous fungus Ascomycota CBS strain, identified as Fusarium annulatum Bunigcourt. FAL was purified to about 62-fold using ammonium sulphate precipitation, Superdex® 200 Increase gel filtration and Q-Sepharose Fast Flow columns, with a total yield of 21%. The specific activity of FAL was found to be 3500 U/mg at pH 9 and 40°C and 5000 U/mg at pH 11 and 45°C, on emulsions of triocanoin and egg yolk phosphatidylcholine, respectively. SDS-PAGE and zymography analysis estimated the molecular weight of FAL to be 33 kDa. FAL was shown to be a PLA1 with a regioselectivity to the sn-1 position of surface-coated phospholipids esterified with α-eleostearic acid. FAL is a serine enzyme since its activity on triglycerides and phospholipids was completely inhibited by the lipase inhibitor Orlistat (40 μM). Interestingly, compared to Fusarium graminearum lipase (GZEL) and the Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (Lipolase®), this novel fungal (phospho)lipase showed extreme tolerance to the presence of non-polar organic solvents, non-ionic and anionic surfactants, and oxidants, in addition to significant compatibility and stability with some available laundry detergents. The analysis of washing performance showed that it has the capability to efficiently eliminate oil-stains. Overall, FAL could be an ideal choice for application in detergents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlem Dab
- Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR 5246 CNRS, Génie Enzymatique, Membranes Biomimétiques et Assemblages Supramoléculaires (GEMBAS), Villeurbanne, France
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Microbienne et d'Ingénierie des Enzymes (LBMIE), Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax (CBS), Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ismail Hasnaoui
- Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR 5246 CNRS, Génie Enzymatique, Membranes Biomimétiques et Assemblages Supramoléculaires (GEMBAS), Villeurbanne, France
- Faculté des Sciences d'Oujda (FSO), Laboratoire de Bioressources, Biotechnologie, Ethnopharmacologie et Santé (LBBES), Université Mohammed Premier (UMP), Oujda, Morocco
| | - Sondes Mechri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Microbienne et d'Ingénierie des Enzymes (LBMIE), Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax (CBS), Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fawzi Allala
- Faculté des Sciences Biologiques (FSB), Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (LCMB), Equipe de Microbiologie, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), El Alia, Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algeria
| | - Khelifa Bouacem
- Faculté des Sciences Biologiques (FSB), Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (LCMB), Equipe de Microbiologie, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), El Alia, Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algeria
| | - Alexandre Noiriel
- Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR 5246 CNRS, Génie Enzymatique, Membranes Biomimétiques et Assemblages Supramoléculaires (GEMBAS), Villeurbanne, France
| | - Amel Bouanane-Darenfed
- Faculté des Sciences Biologiques (FSB), Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (LCMB), Equipe de Microbiologie, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), El Alia, Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algeria
| | - Ennouamane Saalaoui
- Faculté des Sciences d'Oujda (FSO), Laboratoire de Bioressources, Biotechnologie, Ethnopharmacologie et Santé (LBBES), Université Mohammed Premier (UMP), Oujda, Morocco
| | - Abdeslam Asehraou
- Faculté des Sciences d'Oujda (FSO), Laboratoire de Bioressources, Biotechnologie, Ethnopharmacologie et Santé (LBBES), Université Mohammed Premier (UMP), Oujda, Morocco
| | - Fanghua Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering (SFSE), South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, China
| | - Abdelkarim Abousalham
- Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Université Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR 5246 CNRS, Génie Enzymatique, Membranes Biomimétiques et Assemblages Supramoléculaires (GEMBAS), Villeurbanne, France
| | - Bassem Jaouadi
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Microbienne et d'Ingénierie des Enzymes (LBMIE), Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax (CBS), Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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14
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Sandaka BP, Kumar J. Alternative vehicular fuels for environmental decarbonization: a critical review of challenges in using electricity, hydrogen, and biofuels as a sustainable vehicular fuel. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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15
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Tomsia M, Głaz M, Nowicka J, Cieśla J, Sosnowski M, Chełmecka E. Fatal Methanol Poisoning Caused by Drinking Industrial Alcohol: Silesia Region, Poland, April-June 2022. TOXICS 2022; 10:800. [PMID: 36548633 PMCID: PMC9788088 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Methanol poisonings caused by drinking industrial alcohol remain a severe problem worldwide. Education on types of alcohol and their harmfulness and legal regulations limiting the industrial alcohol trade seem to be the keys to reducing the number of poisonings. Methanol distribution in different tissues after absorption is not well understood. This research aimed to quantify the methanol and formic acid distribution in body fluids and tissue material in post-mortem samples collected from 19 fatal victims of massive intoxication with industrial alcohol in the Silesia Region (Poland) who died between April and June 2022. The samples were analyzed using a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID), and correlation coefficients for methanol and formic acid were determined. The results show a wide distribution of methanol and formic acid in human post-mortem biological fluids (blood, urine, vitreous humor, bile, and cerebrospinal fluid) and tissues (muscle, kidney, liver, spleen, lung, and brain). The strongest correlation for methanol concentration in blood and body fluids/tissues was obtained in the cerebrospinal fluid (r = 0.997) and for formic acid in muscle tissue (r = 0.931). The obtained results may be a valuable tool in toxicological analysis and improve medical standards of early diagnosis and targeted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Tomsia
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Toxicology, Medical University of Silesia, 18 Medyków Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Głaz
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Toxicology, Medical University of Silesia, 18 Medyków Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Nowicka
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Toxicology, Medical University of Silesia, 18 Medyków Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Julia Cieśla
- Students Scientific Society, Medical University of Silesia, 18 Medyków Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Maciej Sosnowski
- Students Scientific Society, Medical University of Silesia, 18 Medyków Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Chełmecka
- Department of Statistics, Department of Instrumental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Ostrogórska 30, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
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16
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Zhao Z, Huang J, Xu L, Wang C, Cai J. One-step production of biodiesel by wet Escherichia coli cells expressing a non-specific and methanol-resistant lipase. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Cloning, protein expression and biochemical characterization of Carica papaya esterase. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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18
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Baco S, Klinksiek M, Ismail Bedawi Zakaria R, Antonia Garcia-Hernandez E, Mignot M, Legros J, Held C, Casson Moreno V, Leveneur S. Solvent effect investigation on the acid-catalyzed esterification of levulinic acid by ethanol aided by a Linear Solvation Energy Relationship. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Microbial Lipases and Their Potential in the Production of Pharmaceutical Building Blocks. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179933. [PMID: 36077332 PMCID: PMC9456414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Processes involving lipases in obtaining active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are crucial to increase the sustainability of the industry. Despite their lower production cost, microbial lipases are striking for their versatile catalyzing reactions beyond their physiological role. In the context of taking advantage of microbial lipases in reactions for the synthesis of API building blocks, this review focuses on: (i) the structural origins of the catalytic properties of microbial lipases, including the results of techniques such as single particle monitoring (SPT) and the description of its selectivity beyond the Kazlauskas rule as the “Mirror-Image Packing” or the “Key Region(s) rule influencing enantioselectivity” (KRIE); (ii) immobilization methods given the conferred operative advantages in industrial applications and their modulating capacity of lipase properties; and (iii) a comprehensive description of microbial lipases use as a conventional or promiscuous catalyst in key reactions in the organic synthesis (Knoevenagel condensation, Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) reactions, Markovnikov additions, Baeyer–Villiger oxidation, racemization, among others). Finally, this review will also focus on a research perspective necessary to increase microbial lipases application development towards a greener industry.
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20
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Biochemical and Physical Characterization of Immobilized Candida rugosa Lipase on Metal Oxide Hybrid Support. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12080854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzyme immobilization on inorganic materials is gaining more attention with the potential characteristics of high-surface-area-to-volume ratios, increasing the efficiency of enzyme loading on the support. Metal oxide hybrid support was prepared by a wetness impregnation of five metal precursors, including CaO, CuO, MgO, NiO, and ZnO, on Al2O3 and used as a support for the immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) by adsorption. Maximum activity recovery (70.6%) and immobilization efficiency (63.2%) were obtained after optimization of five parameters using response surface methodology (RSM) by Box–Behnken design (BBD). The biochemical properties of immobilized CRL showed high thermostability up to 70 °C and a wide range in pH stability (pH 4–10). TGA-DTA and FTIR analysis were conducted, verifying thermo-decomposition of lipase and the presence of an amide bond. FESEM-EDX showed the homogeneous distribution and high dispersion of magnesium and CRL on MgO-Al2O3, while a nitrogen adsorption–desorption study confirmed MgO-Al2O3 as a mesoporous material. CRL/MgO-Al2O3 can be reused for up to 12 cycles and it demonstrated high tolerance in solvents (ethanol, isopropanol, methanol, and tert-butanol) compared to free CRL.
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21
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Hui Y, Cui Z, Sim S. Stress-Tolerant, Recyclable, and Renewable Biocatalyst Platform Enabled by Engineered Bacterial Spores. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:2857-2868. [PMID: 35878063 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here, we describe a stress-tolerant, recyclable, and renewable biocatalyst platform based on T7 RNA polymerase-enabled high-density protein display on bacterial spores (TIED). TIED uses high-level T7 RNA polymerase-driven expression of recombinant proteins specifically in sporulating cells to allow spontaneous assembly of recombinant fusion proteins on the Bacillus subtilis spore surface. TIED enables high loading density in the range of 106 to 107 recombinant enzymes per spore, robust catalytic activity of displayed enzymes comparable to the respective free enzymes, and enhanced kinetic stability of displayed enzymes in methanol and elevated temperatures. Furthermore, we demonstrate TIED enzymes to be not only recyclable but also fully renewable after the loss of activity through induction of germination and sporulation, enabling perpetual regeneration of these immobilized biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hui
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Ziyu Cui
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Seunghyun Sim
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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22
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Expanding Access to Optically Active Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs via Lipase-Catalyzed KR of Racemic Acids Using Trialkyl Orthoesters as Irreversible Alkoxy Group Donors. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12050546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies into the enzymatic kinetic resolution (EKR) of 2-arylpropanoic acids (‘profens’), as the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) of blockbuster non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), by using various trialkyl orthoesters as irreversible alkoxy group donors in organic media, were performed. The enzymatic reactions of target substrates were optimized using several different immobilized preparations of lipase type B from the yeast Candida antarctica (CAL-B). The influence of crucial parameters, including the type of enzyme and alkoxy agent, as well as the nature of the organic co-solvent and time of the process on the conversion and enantioselectivity of the enzymatic kinetic resolution, is described. The optimal EKR procedure for the racemic profens consisted of a Novozym 435-STREM lipase preparation suspended in a mixture of 3 equiv of trimethyl or triethyl orthoacetate as alkoxy donor and toluene or n-hexane as co-solvent, depending on the employed racemic NSAIDs. The reported biocatalytic system provided optically active products with moderate-to-good enantioselectivity upon esterification lasting for 7–48 h, with most promising results in terms of enantiomeric purity of the pharmacologically active enantiomers of title APIs obtained on the analytical scale for: (S)-flurbiprofen (97% ee), (S)-ibuprofen (91% ee), (S)-ketoprofen (69% ee), and (S)-naproxen (63% ee), respectively. In turn, the employment of optimal conditions on a preparative-scale enabled us to obtain the (S)-enantiomers of: flurbiprofen in 28% yield and 97% ee, ibuprofen in 45% yield and 56% ee, (S)-ketoprofen in 23% yield and 69% ee, and naproxen in 42% yield and 57% ee, respectively. The devised method turned out to be inefficient toward racemic etodolac regardless of the lipase and alkoxy group donor used, proving that it is unsuitable for carboxylic acids possessing tertiary chiral centers.
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23
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Mangiagalli M, Ami D, de Divitiis M, Brocca S, Catelani T, Natalello A, Lotti M. Short-chain alcohols inactivate an immobilized industrial lipase through two different mechanisms. Biotechnol J 2022; 17:e2100712. [PMID: 35188703 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Broadly used in biocatalysis as acyl acceptors or (co)-solvents, short-chain alcohols often cause irreversible loss of enzyme activity. Understanding the mechanisms of inactivation is a necessary step toward the optimization of biocatalytic reactions and the design of enzyme-based sustainable processes. In this work, we explored the functional and structural response of an immobilized enzyme, Novozym 435, exposed to methanol, ethanol, and tert-butanol. N-435 consists of Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) adsorbed on polymethacrylate beads and finds application in a variety of processes involving the presence of short-chain alcohols. The nature of the N-435 material required the development of an ad hoc method of structural analysis, based on Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy, which was complemented by catalytic activity assays and by morphological observation by transmission electron microscopy. We found that the inactivation of N-435 is highly dependent on alcohol concentration and occurs through two different mechanisms. Short-chain alcohols induce conformational changes leading to CALB aggregation, which is only partially prevented by immobilization. Moreover, alcohol modifies the texture of the solid support promoting the enzyme release. Overall, knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying Novozym 435 inactivation induced by short-chain alcohols promises to overcome the limitations that usually occur during industrial processes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mangiagalli
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Diletta Ami
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella de Divitiis
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Brocca
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziano Catelani
- Microscopy Facility, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy
| | - Antonino Natalello
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Lotti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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24
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Heinzl GC, Mota DA, Martinis V, Martins AS, Soares CMF, Osório N, Gominho J, Madhavan Nampoothiri K, Sukumaran RK, Pereira H, Ferreira-Dias S. Integrated bioprocess for structured lipids, emulsifiers and biodiesel production using crude acidic olive pomace oils. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 346:126646. [PMID: 34974092 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Olive pomace oil (OPO), a by-product of olive oil industry, is directly consumed after refining. The novelty of this study consists of the direct use of crude high acidic OPO (3.4-20% acidity) to produce added-value compounds, using sn-1,3-regioselective lipases: (i) low-calorie dietetic structured lipids (SL) containing caprylic (C8:0) or capric (C10:0) acids by acidolysis or interesterification with their ethyl esters, (ii) fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for biodiesel, and (iii) sn-2 monoacylglycerols (emulsifiers), as by-product of FAME production by methanolysis. Immobilized Rhizomucor miehei lipase showed similar activity in acidolysis and interesterification for SL production (yields: 47.8-53.4%, 7 h, 50℃) and was not affected by OPO acidity. Batch operational stability decreased with OPO acidity, but it was at least three-fold in interesterification that in acidolysis. Complete conversion of OPO into FAME and sn-2 monoacylglycerols was observed after 3 h-transesterification (glycerol stepwise addition) and lipase deactivation was negligeable after 11 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuditta C Heinzl
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Danyelle A Mota
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal; Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Avenida Murilo Dantas 300 - Farolândia, Aracaju, Brazil; Tiradentes University (UNIT), Avenida Murilo Dantas 300 - Farolândia, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Valentina Martinis
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Martins
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cleide M F Soares
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Avenida Murilo Dantas 300 - Farolândia, Aracaju, Brazil; Tiradentes University (UNIT), Avenida Murilo Dantas 300 - Farolândia, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Natália Osório
- Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Escola Superior de Tecnologia do Barreiro, Lavradio, Portugal; Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Centro de Estudos Florestais, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jorge Gominho
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Centro de Estudos Florestais, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - K Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Rajeev K Sukumaran
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Helena Pereira
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Centro de Estudos Florestais, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Suzana Ferreira-Dias
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Macías-Alonso M, Hernández-Soto R, Carrera-Rodríguez M, Salazar-Hernández C, Mendoza-Miranda JM, Villegas-Alcaraz JF, Marrero JG. Obtention of biodiesel through an enzymatic two-step process. Study of its performance and characteristic emissions. RSC Adv 2022; 12:23747-23753. [PMID: 36090409 PMCID: PMC9394349 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03578b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the enzymatic synthesis of biodiesel from waste cooking oil (WCO) in a two-step production process: hydrolysis of WCO, followed by acid-catalyzed esterification of free fatty acids (FFAs). Among the three commercial enzymes evaluated, the inexpensive lipase Lipex® 100L supported on Lewatit® VP OC 1600 produced the best overall biodiesel yield (96.3%). Finally, we assessed the combustion efficiency of the obtained biodiesel and its blends. All blends tested presented lower emissions of CO and HC compared to diesel. The NOx emissions were higher due to biodiesel's high volatility and viscosity. The cost of biodiesel production was calculated using the process described. The inexpensive lipase Lipex® 100L produced biodiesel from waste cooking oil in a two-step process, with an overall yield of 96.3%.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Macías-Alonso
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus Guanajuato, Av. Mineral de Valenciana 200 Col. Fracc. Industrial Puerto Interior, Silao 36275, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Rosa Hernández-Soto
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus Guanajuato, Av. Mineral de Valenciana 200 Col. Fracc. Industrial Puerto Interior, Silao 36275, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Marcelino Carrera-Rodríguez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus Guanajuato, Av. Mineral de Valenciana 200 Col. Fracc. Industrial Puerto Interior, Silao 36275, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Carmen Salazar-Hernández
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus Guanajuato, Av. Mineral de Valenciana 200 Col. Fracc. Industrial Puerto Interior, Silao 36275, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Mendoza-Miranda
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus Guanajuato, Av. Mineral de Valenciana 200 Col. Fracc. Industrial Puerto Interior, Silao 36275, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - José Francisco Villegas-Alcaraz
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus Guanajuato, Av. Mineral de Valenciana 200 Col. Fracc. Industrial Puerto Interior, Silao 36275, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Joaquín González Marrero
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería Campus Guanajuato, Av. Mineral de Valenciana 200 Col. Fracc. Industrial Puerto Interior, Silao 36275, Guanajuato, Mexico
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Tan Z, Li X, Shi H, Yin X, Zhu X, Bilal M, Onchari MM. Enhancing the methanol tolerance of Candida antarctica lipase B by saturation mutagenesis for biodiesel preparation. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:22. [PMID: 35036270 PMCID: PMC8695645 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-03095-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Methanol tolerance of lipase is one of the important factors affecting its esterification ability in biodiesel preparation. By B factor indicated prediction of Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB) surface amino acids, eight sites (Val139, Ala146, Leu147, Pro218, Val286, Ala287, Val306, and Gly307) with high B value indicating more flexibility were chosen to perform saturation mutagenesis. High-methanol-tolerant variants, CalB-P218W and -V306N, created larger haloes on emulsified tributyrin solid plate including 15% (v/v) methanol and showed 19% and 31% higher activity over wild-type CalB (CalB-WT), respectively. By modeling, a newly formed hydrogen bond in CalB-V306N and hydrophobic force in CalB-P218W contributing more stability in protein may have resulted in increased methanol tolerance. CalB-P218W and -V306N transesterified the soybean oil into biodiesel at 30 °C by 85% and 89% yield, respectively, over 82% by CalB-WT for 24 h reactions. These results may provide a basis for molecular engineering of CalB and expand its applications in fuel industries. The as-developed semi-rational method could be utilized to enhance the stabilities of many other industrial enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbiao Tan
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1E Meicheng Road, Huai’an, 223003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangqian Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1E Meicheng Road, Huai’an, 223003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Shi
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1E Meicheng Road, Huai’an, 223003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiulian Yin
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1E Meicheng Road, Huai’an, 223003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1E Meicheng Road, Huai’an, 223003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1E Meicheng Road, Huai’an, 223003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Mary Mongina Onchari
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 1E Meicheng Road, Huai’an, 223003 People’s Republic of China
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Morris P, García-Arrazola R, Rios-Solis L, Dalby PA. Biophysical characterization of the inactivation of E. coli transketolase by aqueous co-solvents. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23584. [PMID: 34880340 PMCID: PMC8654844 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Transketolase (TK) has been previously engineered, using semi-rational directed evolution and substrate walking, to accept increasingly aliphatic, cyclic, and then aromatic substrates. This has ultimately led to the poor water solubility of new substrates, as a potential bottleneck to further exploitation of this enzyme in biocatalysis. Here we used a range of biophysical studies to characterise the response of both E. coli apo- and holo-TK activity and structure to a range of polar organic co-solvents: acetonitrile (AcCN), n-butanol (nBuOH), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), isopropanol (iPrOH), and tetrahydrofuran (THF). The mechanism of enzyme deactivation was found to be predominantly via solvent-induced local unfolding. Holo-TK is thermodynamically more stable than apo-TK and yet for four of the five co-solvents it retained less activity than apo-TK after exposure to organic solvents, indicating that solvent tolerance was not simply correlated to global conformational stability. The co-solvent concentrations required for complete enzyme inactivation was inversely proportional to co-solvent log(P), while the unfolding rate was directly proportional, indicating that the solvents interact with and partially unfold the enzyme through hydrophobic contacts. Small amounts of aggregate formed in some cases, but this was not sufficient to explain the enzyme inactivation. TK was found to be tolerant to 15% (v/v) iPrOH, 10% (v/v) AcCN, or 6% (v/v) nBuOH over 3 h. This work indicates that future attempts to engineer the enzyme to better tolerate co-solvents should focus on increasing the stability of the protein to local unfolding, particularly in and around the cofactor-binding loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phattaraporn Morris
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Bernard Katz Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- Chemical Metrology and Biometry Department, National Institute of Metrology, 3/4-5 Moo 3, Klong 5, Klong Luang, 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Ribia García-Arrazola
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Bernard Katz Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Leonardo Rios-Solis
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JL, UK
- Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology (SynthSys), University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3JL, UK
| | - Paul A Dalby
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Bernard Katz Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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Almeida FLC, Castro MPJ, Travália BM, Forte MBS. Erratum to “Trends in lipase immobilization: Bibliometric review and patent analysis” [Process Biochem. 110 (2021) 37–51]. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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29
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Almeida FLC, Castro MPJ, Travália BM, Forte MBS. Trends in lipase immobilization: Bibliometric review and patent analysis. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Temperature-resistant and solvent-tolerant lipases as industrial biocatalysts: Biotechnological approaches and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:127-142. [PMID: 34298046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of new biocatalytic systems to replace the chemical catalysts, with suitable characteristics in terms of efficiency, stability under high temperature reactions and in the presence of organic solvents, reusability, and eco-friendliness is considered a very important step to move towards the green processes. From this basis, the use of lipase as a catalyst is highly desired for many industrial applications because it offers the reactions in which could be used, stability in harsh conditions, reusability and a greener process. Therefore, the introduction of temperature-resistant and solvent-tolerant lipases have become essential and ideal for industrial applications. Temperature-resistant and solvent-tolerant lipases have been involved in many large-scale applications including biodiesel, detergent, food, pharmaceutical, organic synthesis, biosensing, pulp and paper, textile, animal feed, cosmetics, and leather industry. So, the present review provides a comprehensive overview of the industrial use of lipase. Moreover, special interest in biotechnological and biochemical techniques for enhancing temperature-resistance and solvent-tolerance of lipases to be suitable for the industrial uses.
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Shomal R, Ogubadejo B, Shittu T, Mahmoud E, Du W, Al-Zuhair S. Advances in Enzyme and Ionic Liquid Immobilization for Enhanced in MOFs for Biodiesel Production. Molecules 2021; 26:3512. [PMID: 34207684 PMCID: PMC8226643 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodiesel is a promising candidate for sustainable and renewable energy and extensive research is being conducted worldwide to optimize its production process. The employed catalyst is an important parameter in biodiesel production. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are a set of highly porous materials comprising coordinated bonds between metals and organic ligands, have recently been proposed as catalysts. MOFs exhibit high tunability, possess high crystallinity and surface area, and their order can vary from the atomic to the microscale level. However, their catalytic sites are confined inside their porous structure, limiting their accessibility for biodiesel production. Modification of MOF structure by immobilizing enzymes or ionic liquids (ILs) could be a solution to this challenge and can lead to better performance and provide catalytic systems with higher activities. This review compiles the recent advances in catalytic transesterification for biodiesel production using enzymes or ILs. The available literature clearly indicates that MOFs are the most suitable immobilization supports, leading to higher biodiesel production without affecting the catalytic activity while increasing the catalyst stability and reusability in several cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Shomal
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, UAE University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (R.S.); (B.O.); (T.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Babatunde Ogubadejo
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, UAE University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (R.S.); (B.O.); (T.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Toyin Shittu
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, UAE University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (R.S.); (B.O.); (T.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Eyas Mahmoud
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, UAE University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (R.S.); (B.O.); (T.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Wei Du
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Sulaiman Al-Zuhair
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, UAE University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (R.S.); (B.O.); (T.S.); (E.M.)
- National Water and Energy Center, UAE University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Statistical Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Salmon Oil via Enzymatic Transesterification: Investigation of the Effects of Various Operational Parameters. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9040700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The enzymatic transesterification of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) oil was carried out using Novozym 435 (immobilized lipase from Candida antartica) to produce biodiesel. A response surface modelling design was performed to investigate the relationship between biodiesel yield and several critical factors, including enzyme concentration (5, 10, or 15%), temperature (40, 45, or 50 °C), oil/alcohol molar ratio (1:3, 1:4, or 1:5) and time (8, 16, or 24 h). The results indicated that the effects of all the factors were statistically significant at p-values of 0.000 for biodiesel production. The optimum parameters for biodiesel production were determined as 10% enzyme concentration, 45 °C, 16 h, and 1:4 oil/alcohol molar ratio, leading to a biodiesel yield of 87.23%. The step-wise addition of methanol during the enzymatic transesterification further increased the biodiesel yield to 94.5%. This is the first study that focused on Atlantic salmon oil-derived biodiesel production, which creates a paradigm for valorization of Atlantic salmon by-products that would also reduce the consumption and demand of plant oils derived from crops and vegetables.
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Aghaei H, Yasinian A, Taghizadeh A. Covalent immobilization of lipase from Candida rugosa on epoxy-activated cloisite 30B as a new heterofunctional carrier and its application in the synthesis of banana flavor and production of biodiesel. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 178:569-579. [PMID: 33667558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, an epoxy-activated cloisite (ECL) was prepared as a new heterofunctional carrier via a reaction between cloisite 30B (CL) and epichlorohydrin and utilized for covalent immobilization of lipase from Candida rugosa. The lipase immobilized on the ECL (LECL) was successfully used in the olive oil hydrolysis, synthesis of isoamyl acetate (banana flavor), and biodiesel production. The TGA, FT-IR, SEM, and XRD were used to characterize CL, ECL, and LECL. The influences of temperature, pH, thermal stability, and storage capacity were examined in the olive oil hydrolysis. The effects of solvent, temperature, time, water content, and substrates molar ratio on the yields of ester and biodiesel were also investigated. In the optimized conditions, the hydrolytic activity of LECL was 1.85 ± 0.05 U/ mg, and the maximum yield of ester and biodiesel was 91.6% and 95.4%, respectively. The LECL showed good thermal stability and storage capacity compared to the free lipase. Additionally, LECL was reusable for both esterification and transesterification after being used for nine cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Aghaei
- Department of Chemistry, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 311-86145, Shahreza, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Atefeh Yasinian
- Department of Chemistry, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 311-86145, Shahreza, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ameneh Taghizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 311-86145, Shahreza, Isfahan, Iran
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Fotiadou R, Chatzikonstantinou AV, Hammami MA, Chalmpes N, Moschovas D, Spyrou K, Polydera AC, Avgeropoulos A, Gournis D, Stamatis H. Green Synthesized Magnetic Nanoparticles as Effective Nanosupport for the Immobilization of Lipase: Application for the Synthesis of Lipophenols. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:458. [PMID: 33670153 PMCID: PMC7916844 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, hybrid zinc oxide-iron oxide (ZnOFe) magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized employing Olea europaea leaf aqueous extract as a reducing/chelating and capping medium. The resulting magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by basic spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, namely, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), exhibiting a spherical shape, average size of 15-17 nm, and a functionalized surface. Lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL) was efficiently immobilized on the surface of ZnOFe nanoparticles through physical absorption. The activity of immobilized lipase was found to directly depend on the enzyme to support the mass ratio, and also demonstrated improved pH and temperature activity range compared to free lipase. Furthermore, the novel magnetic nanobiocatalyst (ZnOFe-TLL) was applied to the preparation of hydroxytyrosyl fatty acid esters, including derivatives with omega-3 fatty acids, in non-aqueous media. Conversion yields up to 90% were observed in non-polar solvents, including hydrophobic ionic liquids. Different factors affecting the biocatalyst performance were studied. ZnOFe-TLL was reutilized for eight subsequent cycles, exhibiting 90% remaining esterification activity (720 h of total operation at 50 °C). The green synthesized magnetic nanoparticles, reported here for the first time, are excellent candidates as nanosupports for the immobilization of enzymes with industrial interest, giving rise to nanobiocatalysts with elevated features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renia Fotiadou
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (R.F.); (A.V.C.); (A.C.P.)
| | - Alexandra V. Chatzikonstantinou
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (R.F.); (A.V.C.); (A.C.P.)
| | - Mohamed Amen Hammami
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
| | - Nikolaos Chalmpes
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (N.C.); (D.M.); (K.S.); (A.A.); (D.G.)
| | - Dimitrios Moschovas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (N.C.); (D.M.); (K.S.); (A.A.); (D.G.)
| | - Konstantinos Spyrou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (N.C.); (D.M.); (K.S.); (A.A.); (D.G.)
| | - Angeliki C. Polydera
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (R.F.); (A.V.C.); (A.C.P.)
| | - Apostolos Avgeropoulos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (N.C.); (D.M.); (K.S.); (A.A.); (D.G.)
| | - Dimitrios Gournis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (N.C.); (D.M.); (K.S.); (A.A.); (D.G.)
| | - Haralambos Stamatis
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (R.F.); (A.V.C.); (A.C.P.)
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Miguel-Ruano V, Rivera I, Rajkovic J, Knapik K, Torrado A, Otero JM, Beneventi E, Becerra M, Sánchez-Costa M, Hidalgo A, Berenguer J, González-Siso MI, Cruces J, Rúa ML, Hermoso JA. Biochemical and Structural Characterization of a novel thermophilic esterase EstD11 provide catalytic insights for the HSL family. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:1214-1232. [PMID: 33680362 PMCID: PMC7905190 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel esterase, EstD11, has been discovered in a hot spring metagenomic library. It is a thermophilic and thermostable esterase with an optimum temperature of 60°C. A detailed substrate preference analysis of EstD11 was done using a library of chromogenic ester substrate that revealed the broad substrate specificity of EstD11 with significant measurable activity against 16 substrates with varied chain length, steric hindrance, aromaticity and flexibility of the linker between the carboxyl and the alcohol moiety of the ester. The tridimensional structures of EstD11 and the inactive mutant have been determined at atomic resolutions. Structural and bioinformatic analysis, confirm that EstD11 belongs to the family IV, the hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) family, from the α/β-hydrolase superfamily. The canonical α/β-hydrolase domain is completed by a cap domain, composed by two subdomains that can unmask of the active site to allow the substrate to enter. Eight crystallographic complexes were solved with different substrates and reaction products that allowed identification of the hot-spots in the active site underlying the specificity of the protein. Crystallization and/or incubation of EstD11 at high temperature provided unique information on cap dynamics and a first glimpse of enzymatic activity in vivo. Very interestingly, we have discovered a unique Met zipper lining the active site and the cap domains that could be essential in pivotal aspects as thermo-stability and substrate promiscuity in EstD11.
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Key Words
- CHCA, cyclohexane carboxylic acid
- CMC, critical micellar concentration
- CV, column volume
- Crystal structure
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- DSF, Differential scanning fluorimetry
- Enzyme-substrate complex
- FLU, fluorescein
- HSL, hormone-sensitive lipase
- LDAO, N,N-dimethyldodecylamine N-oxide
- MNP, methyl-naproxen
- Metagenomic
- NP, naproxen
- PPL, Porcine Pancreatic Lipase
- Thermophilic esterase
- pNP, 4-nitrophenol
- α/β hydrolase fold
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Affiliation(s)
- Vega Miguel-Ruano
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical-Chemistry “Rocasolano”, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivanna Rivera
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical-Chemistry “Rocasolano”, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jelena Rajkovic
- Biochemistry Laboratory, CITACA-Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus Auga, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Kamila Knapik
- EXPRELA Group, University A Coruña, Science Faculty, Advanced Scientific Research Center (CICA), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ana Torrado
- Biochemistry Laboratory, CITACA-Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus Auga, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | | | | | - Manuel Becerra
- EXPRELA Group, University A Coruña, Science Faculty, Advanced Scientific Research Center (CICA), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mercedes Sánchez-Costa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Biology “Severo Ochoa” (UAM-CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurelio Hidalgo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Biology “Severo Ochoa” (UAM-CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Berenguer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Biology “Severo Ochoa” (UAM-CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Isabel González-Siso
- EXPRELA Group, University A Coruña, Science Faculty, Advanced Scientific Research Center (CICA), A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - María L. Rúa
- Biochemistry Laboratory, CITACA-Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus Auga, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Juan A. Hermoso
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical-Chemistry “Rocasolano”, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Shahedi M, Habibi Z, Yousefi M, Brask J, Mohammadi M. Improvement of biodiesel production from palm oil by co-immobilization of Thermomyces lanuginosa lipase and Candida antarctica lipase B: Optimization using response surface methodology. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 170:490-502. [PMID: 33383081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) and Thermomyces lanuginose lipase (TLL) were co-immobilized on epoxy functionalized silica gel via an isocyanide-based multicomponent reaction. The immobilization process was carried out in water (pH 7) at 25 °C, rapidly (3 h) resulting in high immobilization yields (100%) with a loading of 10 mg enzyme/g support. The immobilized preparations were used to produce biodiesel by transesterification of palm oil. In an optimization study, response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite rotatable design (CCRD) methods were used to study the effect of five independent factors including temperature, methanol to oil ratio, t-butanol concentration and CALB:TLL ratio on the yield of biodiesel production. The optimum combinations for the reaction were CALB:TLL ratio (2.1:1), t-butanol (45 wt%), temperature (47 °C), methanol: oil ratio (2.3). This resulted in a FAME yield of 94%, very close to the predicted value of 98%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Shahedi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Oil, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Habibi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Oil, Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Yousefi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jesper Brask
- Novozymes A/S, Krogshøjvej 36, 2880 Bagsværd, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mehdi Mohammadi
- Bioprocess Engineering Department, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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Bhatt C, Nielsen PM, Rancke-Madsen A, Woodley JM. Combining technology with liquid-formulated lipases for in-spec biodiesel production. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 69:7-19. [PMID: 33179313 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic biodiesel production has been at the forefront of biofuels research in recent decades because of the significant environmental advantages it offers, while having the potential to be as effective as conventional chemically catalyzed biodiesel production. However, the higher capital cost, longer reaction time, and sensitivity of enzyme processes have restricted their widespread industrial adoption so far. It is also posited that the lack of research to bring the biodiesel product into final specification has scuppered industrial confidence in the viability of the enzymatic process. Furthermore, the vast majority of literature has focused on the development of immobilized enzyme processes, which seem too costly (and risky) to be used industrially. There has been little focus on liquid lipase formulations such as the Eversa Transform 2.0, which is in fact already used commercially for triglyceride transesterification. It is the objective of this review to highlight new research that focuses on bringing enzymatically produced biodiesel into specification via a liquid lipase polishing process, and the process considerations that come with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmayi Bhatt
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | - John M Woodley
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
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Martani F, Maestroni L, Torchio M, Ami D, Natalello A, Lotti M, Porro D, Branduardi P. Conversion of sugar beet residues into lipids by Lipomyces starkeyi for biodiesel production. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:204. [PMID: 33167962 PMCID: PMC7653891 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01467-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipids from oleaginous yeasts emerged as a sustainable alternative to vegetable oils and animal fat to produce biodiesel, the biodegradable and environmentally friendly counterpart of petro-diesel fuel. To develop economically viable microbial processes, the use of residual feedstocks as growth and production substrates is required. RESULTS In this work we investigated sugar beet pulp (SBP) and molasses, the main residues of sugar beet processing, as sustainable substrates for the growth and lipid accumulation by the oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi. We observed that in hydrolysed SBP the yeast cultures reached a limited biomass, cellular lipid content, lipid production and yield (2.5 g/L, 19.2%, 0.5 g/L and 0.08 g/g, respectively). To increase the initial sugar availability, cells were grown in SBP blended with molasses. Under batch cultivation, the cellular lipid content was more than doubled (47.2%) in the presence of 6% molasses. Under pulsed-feeding cultivation, final biomass, cellular lipid content, lipid production and lipid yield were further improved, reaching respectively 20.5 g/L, 49.2%, 9.7 g/L and 0.178 g/g. Finally, we observed that SBP can be used instead of ammonium sulphate to fulfil yeasts nitrogen requirement in molasses-based media for microbial oil production. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates for the first time that SBP and molasses can be blended to create a feedstock for the sustainable production of lipids by L. starkeyi. The data obtained pave the way to further improve lipid production by designing a fed-batch process in bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Martani
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Maestroni
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Torchio
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Diletta Ami
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Natalello
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Lotti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Danilo Porro
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Branduardi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126, Milan, Italy.
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39
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Biodiesel synthesis from palm fatty acid distillate using enzyme immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03338-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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40
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Paitaid P, H-Kittikun A. Enhancing immobilization of Aspergillus oryzae ST11 lipase on polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous membrane by bovine serum albumin and its application for biodiesel production. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 51:536-549. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1836654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pattarapon Paitaid
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Aran H-Kittikun
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
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Hansen R, Agerbaek M, Nielsen P, Rancke-Madsen A, Woodley J. Esterification using a liquid lipase to remove residual free fatty acids in biodiesel. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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42
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Mangiagalli M, Carvalho H, Natalello A, Ferrario V, Pennati ML, Barbiroli A, Lotti M, Pleiss J, Brocca S. Diverse effects of aqueous polar co-solvents on Candida antarctica lipase B. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 150:930-940. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Das S, Behera S, Balasubramanian S. Orientational Switch of the Lipase A Enzyme at the Oil-Water Interface: An Order of Magnitude Increase in Turnover Rate with a Single Surfactant Tag Explained. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:2977-2982. [PMID: 32202805 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Interfacially active lipases can be immobilized at a biphasic interface to enhance turnover recyclability and to facilitate product separation. Extensive coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of lipase A (LipA) from Bacillus subtilis show a bimodal orientational distribution of the enzyme at an oil-water interface, arising from its ellipsoidal Janus particle-like character. The relative orientational preference can be tuned by pH. The simulations rationalize a rare experimental observation of an order of magnitude increase in the turnover rate of this lipase upon its noncovalent tagging by a single surfactant molecule at the interface, compared to its rate in bulk water. The adsorption free energy, the interfacial activation, a decrease in the number of orientational fluctuations, and an increased rate of translational diffusion, to all of which the Janus character of LipA contributes, are the factors responsible for this enhancement. This study can spur further investigations of the Janus behavior of enzymes to enhance their activity as well as to stabilize the biphasic emulsion needed for interfacial catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Das
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560 064, India
| | - Sudarshan Behera
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560 064, India
| | - Sundaram Balasubramanian
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560 064, India
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Lozano P, Bernal JM, Gómez C, Álvarez E, Markiv B, García-Verdugo E, Luis SV. Green biocatalytic synthesis of biodiesel from microalgae in one-pot systems based on sponge-like ionic liquids. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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45
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Carstens L, Cowan AR, Seiwert B, Schlosser D. Biotransformation of Phthalate Plasticizers and Bisphenol A by Marine-Derived, Freshwater, and Terrestrial Fungi. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:317. [PMID: 32180766 PMCID: PMC7059612 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PEs, Phthalates) are environmentally ubiquitous as a result of their extensive use as plasticizers and additives in diverse consumer products. Considerable concern relates to their reported xenoestrogenicity and consequently, microbial-based attenuation of environmental PE concentrations is of interest to combat harmful downstream effects. Fungal PE catabolism has received less attention than that by bacteria, and particularly fungi dwelling within aquatic environments remain largely overlooked in this respect. We have compared the biocatalytic and biosorptive removal rates of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and diethyl phthalate (DEP), chosen to represent two environmentally prominent PEs of differing structure and hydrophobicity, by marine-, freshwater-, and terrestrial-derived fungal strains. Bisphenol A, both an extensively used plastic additive and prominent environmental xenoestrogen, was included as a reference compound due to its well-documented fungal degradation. Partial pathways of DBP metabolization by the ecophysiologically diverse asco- and basidiomycete strains tested were proposed with the help of UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis. Species specific biochemical reaction steps contributing to DBP metabolism were also observed. The involved reactions include initial cytochrome P450-dependent monohydroxylations of DBP with subsequent further oxidation of related metabolites, de-esterification via either hydrolytic cleavage or cytochrome P450-dependent oxidative O-dealkylation, transesterification, and demethylation steps - finally yielding phthalic acid as a central intermediate in all pathways. Due to the involvement of ecophysiologically and phylogenetically diverse filamentous and yeast-like fungi native to marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats the results of this study outline an environmentally ubiquitous pathway for the biocatalytic breakdown of plastic additives. Beyond previous research into fungal PE metabolism which emphasizes hydrolytic de-esterification as the primary catabolic step, a prominent role of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase-catalyzed reactions is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Carstens
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andrew R. Cowan
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bettina Seiwert
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schlosser
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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46
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Manurung R, Taslim, Siregar A. Deep Eutectic Solvents Based Choline Chloride for Enzymatic Biodiesel Production from Degumming Palm Oil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.14233/ajchem.2020.22193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have numerous potential applications as cosolvents. In this study, use of DES as organic solvents for enzymatic biodiesel production from degumming palm oil (DPO) was investigated. Deep eutectic solvent was synthesized using choline chloride salt (ChCl) compounds with glycerol and 1,2-propanediol. Deep eutectic solvent was characterized by viscosity, density, pH and freezing values, which were tested for effectiveness by enzymatic reactions for the production of palm biodiesel with raw materials DPO. Deep eutectic solvent of ChCl and glycerol produced the highest biodiesel yield (98.98%); weight of DES was only 0.5 % of that of the oil. In addition, the use of DES maintained the activity and stability of novozym enzymes, which was assessed as the yield until the 6th usage, which was 95.07 % biodiesel yield compared with the yield without using DES. Hence, using DES, glycerol in enzymatic biodiesel production had high potentiality as an organic solvent for palm oil biodiesel production
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Manurung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jalan Almamater, Medan 20155, Indonesia
| | - Taslim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jalan Almamater, Medan 20155, Indonesia
| | - A.G.A. Siregar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jalan Almamater, Medan 20155, Indonesia
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47
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48
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Zieniuk B, Fabiszewska A, Białecka-Florjańczyk E. Screening of solvents for favoring hydrolytic activity of Candida antarctica Lipase B. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 43:605-613. [PMID: 31734716 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02252-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Lipases are a group of enzymes of considerable significance in organic synthesis, among which Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) is one of the most widely studied enzymes. The activity of the biocatalyst has been intensively characterized in many organic media, but this paper aimed to compare the effect of 20 different solvents on the activity of CALB in the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl laurate. Nonpolar, polar aprotic, and polar protic solvents were used for enzyme pretreatment and then entered the composition of mixed solvents reaction medium. An impact of solvents on solvation processes affecting the catalysis steps, protein denaturation, and changes of its conformation was discussed. Moreover the hydrolytic activity of CALB with partition coefficient (logP) of the solvent used was correlated. It was emphasized that the substrate solubility plays an important role in solvent selection. In the presence of hydrophobic solvents, hydration layer becomes more hydrophobic facilitating the substrate access to the enzyme surface. In turn, polar compounds are good solvents for organic substrates facilitating the penetration of the aqueous layer that surrounds the surface of the enzyme. Two variants proved to be favorable for ester hydrolysis reaction: isooctane or polar solvent such as acetone, tert -butyl methyl ether, tert-butanol or acetonitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Zieniuk
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159c Nowoursynowska St., 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agata Fabiszewska
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159c Nowoursynowska St., 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Białecka-Florjańczyk
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159c Nowoursynowska St., 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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49
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Truncated Prosequence of Rhizopus oryzae Lipase: Key Factor for Production Improvement and Biocatalyst Stability. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9110961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombinant Rhizopus oryzae lipase (mature sequence, rROL) was modified by adding to its N-terminal 28 additional amino acids from the C-terminal of the prosequence (proROL) to obtain a biocatalyst more suitable for the biodiesel industry. Both enzymes were expressed in Pichia pastoris and compared in terms of production bioprocess parameters, biochemical properties, and stability. Growth kinetics, production, and yields were better for proROL harboring strain than rROL one in batch cultures. When different fed-batch strategies were applied, lipase production and volumetric productivity of proROL-strain were always higher (5.4 and 4.4-fold, respectively) in the best case. rROL and proROL enzymatic activity was dependent on ionic strength and peaked in 200 mM Tris-HCl buffer. The optimum temperature and pH for rROL were influenced by ionic strength, but those for proROL were not. The presence of these amino acids altered lipase substrate specificity and increased proROL stability when different temperature, pH, and methanol/ethanol concentrations were employed. The 28 amino acids were found to be preferably removed by proteases, leading to the transformation of proROL into rROL. Nevertheless, the truncated prosequence enhanced Rhizopus oryzae lipase heterologous production and stability, making it more appropriate as industrial biocatalyst.
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50
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C. Wancura JH, Tres MV, Jahn SL, Oliveira JV. Lipases in liquid formulation for biodiesel production: Current status and challenges. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2019; 67:648-667. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- João H. C. Wancura
- Department of Chemical Engineering Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Marcus V. Tres
- Laboratory of Agroindustrial Processes Engineering (LAPE) Federal University of Santa Maria Cachoeira do Sul RS Brazil
| | - Sérgio L. Jahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - José Vladimir Oliveira
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SC Brazil
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