1
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Karagülle G, Telli M. Effects of green light supplementation with red and blue combinations of LED light spectrums on the growth and transcriptional response of Haematococcus pluvialis. Biotechnol Prog 2024:e3462. [PMID: 38641974 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Light management strategy is crucial for improving microalgal production in terms of higher biomass and economically valuable bioactive molecules. However, green light has received less attention in developing light managements for algae and higher plant due to its low absorption rate by chlorophyll. In this study, the effects of green light supplementation, in the combination with red and blue light were investigated in Haematococcus pluvialis. 10% and 20% of green light supplementations were applied in 3:2 ratios of red and blue LED light combinations as an expense of red-light. Growth rates, chlorophyll concentration, and dry weight were measured to assess the growth kinetics of H. pluvialis along with the relative transcript accumulations of four mRNAs: Rubisco, PTOX2, PsaB, and PsbS. Growth rates, chlorophyll concentrations and dry weight were found significantly higher in presence of 10% green light supplementation compared to red and blue light combinations. The relative transcript accumulations of Rubisco and PsbS genes showed significant upregulation at the end of the experiments (with the fold change of 42.91 ± 12.08 and 98.57 ± 27.38, respectively, relative to the beginning of the experiments) compared to combinations of red and blue light (fold change of 19.09 ± 3.0 and 47.77 ± 14.21, respectively, relative to beginning of the experiments). PsaB and PTOX2 transcripts did not show significant accumulation differences between treatments. It seems that green light has a dose dependent additive effect on the growth rate of H. pluvialis. The upregulation of Rubisco and PsbS may indicate green light dependent carbon assimilation and light-harvesting response in H. pluvialis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Karagülle
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - M Telli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
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2
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Hong Y, Yang L, You X, Zhang H, Xin X, Zhang Y, Zhou X. Effects of light quality on microalgae cultivation: bibliometric analysis, mini-review, and regulation approaches. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-31192-2. [PMID: 38015404 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31192-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The ever-increasing concern for energy shortages and greenhouse effect has triggered the development of sustainable green technologies. Microalgae have received more attention due to the characteristics of biofuel production and CO2 fixation. From the perspective of autotrophic growth, the optimization of light quality has the potential to promote biomass production and bio-component accumulation in microalgae at low cost. In this study, bibliometric analysis was used to describe the basic features, identify the hotspots, and predict future trends of the research related to the light quality on microalgae cultivation. In addition, a mini-review referring to regulation methods of light quality was provided to optimize the framework of research. Results demonstrated that China has the greatest interest in this area. The destination of most research was to obtain biofuels and high-value-added products. Both blue and red lights were identified as the crucial spectrums for microalgae cultivation. However, sunlight is the most affordable light resource, which could not be fully utilized by microalgae through the photosynthetic process. Hence, some regulation approaches (e.g., dyes, plasmonic scattering, and carbon-based quantum dots) are proposed to increase the proportion of beneficial spectrum for enhancement of photosynthetic efficiency. In summary, this review introduces state-of-the-art research and provides theoretical guidance for light quality optimization in microalgae cultivation to obtain more benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyuan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Libin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Xiaogang You
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Haigeng Zhang
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaying Xin
- Department of Civil Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Yalei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xuefei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
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3
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Li X, Huff J, Crunkleton DW, Johannes TW. Light intensity and spectral quality modulation for improved growth kinetics and biochemical composition of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J Biotechnol 2023; 375:28-39. [PMID: 37640267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Effective strategies to optimize algal growth and lipid productivity are critical for the sustainable production of biomass for various applications. Light management has emerged as a promising approach, but the intricate relationship between light intensity, spectral quality, and algal responses remains poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of different light qualities (blue, red-orange, and white-yellow) and intensities (45-305 μmol/m2·s) on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Red-orange light exhibited the highest promotion of biomass growth and lipid productivity, with specific growth rates of 1.968 (d-1) and biomass productivity of 0.284 (g/L/d) at 155 μmol/m2·s and 205 μmol/m2·s, respectively. Within the intensity range of 205 μmol/m2·s to 305 μmol/m2·s, lipid mass fractions ranged from 10.5% w/w to 11.0% w/w, accompanied by lipid concentrations ranging from 68.6 mg/L to 74.9 mg/L. Red-orange light positively influenced carbohydrate accumulation, while blue light promoted protein synthesis. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing light quality and intensity to enhance algal biomass productivity and manipulate biochemical composition. Understanding the complex relationship between light parameters and algal physiology will contribute to sustainable algal cultivation practices and the use of microalgae as a valuable bioresource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpeng Li
- Russell School of Chemical Engineering, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, USA; School of Biological Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
| | - Jonathan Huff
- Russell School of Chemical Engineering, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, USA
| | - Daniel W Crunkleton
- Russell School of Chemical Engineering, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, USA
| | - Tyler W Johannes
- Russell School of Chemical Engineering, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, USA.
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Xu W, Lin Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhu H, Zhou H. Phenotypic Analysis and Molecular Characterization of Enlarged Cell Size Mutant in Nannochloropsis oceanica. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13595. [PMID: 37686401 PMCID: PMC10487731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell cycle is the fundamental cellular process of eukaryotes. Although cell-cycle-related genes have been identified in microalgae, their cell cycle progression differs from species to species. Cell enlargement in microalgae is an essential biological trait. At the same time, there are various causes of cell enlargement, such as environmental factors, especially gene mutations. In this study, we first determined the phenotypic and biochemical characteristics of a previously obtained enlarged-cell-size mutant of Nannochloropsis oceanica, which was designated ECS. Whole-genome sequencing analysis of the insertion sites of ECS indicated that the insertion fragment is integrated inside the 5'-UTR of U/P-type cyclin CYCU;1 and significantly decreases the gene expression of this cyclin. In addition, the transcriptome showed that CYCU;1 is a highly expressed cyclin. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis and RT-qPCR of cell-cycle-related genes showed that ECS maintains a high proportion of 4C cells and a low proportion of 1C cells, and the expression level of CYCU;1 in wild-type (WT) cells is significantly increased at the end of the light phase and the beginning of the dark phase. This means that CYCU;1 is involved in cell division in the dark phase. Our results explain the reason for the larger ECS size. Mutation of CYCU;1 leads to the failure of ECS to fully complete cell division in the dark phase, resulting in an enlargement of the cell size and a decrease in cell density, which is helpful to understand the function of CYCU;1 in the Nannochloropsis cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weinan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China; (W.X.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China;
| | - Yihua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China; (W.X.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China;
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China; (W.X.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China;
| | - Yanyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China; (W.X.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China;
| | - Hongmei Zhu
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China;
| | - Hantao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China; (W.X.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China;
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5
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Li D, Dong H, Cao X, Wang W, Li C. Enhancing photosynthetic CO 2 fixation by assembling metal-organic frameworks on Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5337. [PMID: 37660048 PMCID: PMC10475011 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40839-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The CO2 concentration at ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is crucial to improve photosynthetic efficiency for biomass yield. However, how to concentrate and transport atmospheric CO2 towards the Rubisco carboxylation is a big challenge. Herein, we report the self-assembly of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) on the surface of the green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa that can greatly enhance the photosynthetic carbon fixation. The chemical CO2 concentrating approach improves the apparent photo conversion efficiency to about 1.9 folds, which is up to 9.8% in ambient air from an intrinsic 5.1%. We find that the efficient carbon fixation lies in the conversion of the captured CO2 to the transportable HCO3- species at bio-organic interface. This work demonstrates a chemical approach of concentrating atmospheric CO2 for enhancing biomass yield of photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyi Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, China
| | - Xupeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, China.
| | - Can Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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6
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Zhao K, Li Y, Yan H, Hu Q, Han D. Regulation of Light Spectra on Cell Division of the Unicellular Green Alga Haematococcus pluvialis: Insights from Physiological and Lipidomic Analysis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121956. [PMID: 35741084 PMCID: PMC9221946 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Commercial scale production of natural astaxanthin is currently conducted through cultivation of the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis. This study comprehensively investigated the impact of seven different light spectra on the growth, morphology and photosynthesis of H. pluvialis vegetative cells. Further, the lipidomes of vegetative H. pluvialis grown under various light spectra were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). The results showed the existence of blue light—alone or with red light—promoted cell division, while pure red light or white light enabled increased cell sizes, cellular pigment, starch and lipid contents, and biomass production. Although the photosynthetic performance of H. pluvialis measured as chlorophyll a fluorescence was not significantly affected by light spectra, the lipid profiles, particularly chloroplast membrane lipids, showed remarkable changes with light spectra. The contents of most lipid species in the blue/red light 1/2 group, which showed the fastest cell division, remained at a moderate level compared with those under other light spectra, indicating the fastest dividing cells were featured by a fine-tuned lipid profile. From biotechnical perspective, this comprehensive study can provide insights into the development of appropriate light regimes to promote the cell density or biomass of H. pluvialis mass culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Zhao
- Center for Microalgal Biofuels and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (K.Z.); (Y.L.)
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- Center for Microalgal Biofuels and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (K.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hailong Yan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (H.Y.); (Q.H.)
| | - Qiang Hu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (H.Y.); (Q.H.)
| | - Danxiang Han
- Center for Microalgal Biofuels and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; (K.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence:
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7
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Bonnefond H, Lie Y, Lacour T, Saint-Jean B, Carrier G, Pruvost E, Talec A, Bernard O, Sciandra A. Dynamical Darwinian selection of a more productive strain of Tisochrysis lutea. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Lab-scale photobioreactor systems: principles, applications, and scalability. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022; 45:791-813. [PMID: 35303143 PMCID: PMC9033726 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02711-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Phototrophic microorganisms that convert carbon dioxide are being explored for their capacity to solve different environmental issues and produce bioactive compounds for human therapeutics and as food additives. Full-scale phototrophic cultivation of microalgae and cyanobacteria can be done in open ponds or closed photobioreactor systems, which have a broad range of volumes. This review focuses on laboratory-scale photobioreactors and their different designs. Illuminated microtiter plates and microfluidic devices offer an option for automated high-throughput studies with microalgae. Illuminated shake flasks are used for simple uncontrolled batch studies. The application of illuminated bubble column reactors strongly emphasizes homogenous gas distribution, while illuminated flat plate bioreactors offer high and uniform light input. Illuminated stirred-tank bioreactors facilitate the application of very well-defined reaction conditions. Closed tubular photobioreactors as well as open photobioreactors like small-scale raceway ponds and thin-layer cascades are applied as scale-down models of the respective large-scale bioreactors. A few other less common designs such as illuminated plastic bags or aquarium tanks are also used mainly because of their relatively low cost, but up-scaling of these designs is challenging with additional light-driven issues. Finally, this review covers recommendations on the criteria for photobioreactor selection and operation while up-scaling of phototrophic bioprocesses with microalgae or cyanobacteria.
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9
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Kilbane JJ. Shining a Light on Wastewater Treatment with Microalgae. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022; 47:45-56. [PMID: 35036288 PMCID: PMC8752175 DOI: 10.1007/s13369-021-06444-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae can produce biofuels, nutriceuticals, pigments and many other products, but commercialization has been limited by the cost of growing, harvesting and processing algal biomass. Nutrients, chiefly nitrogen and phosphorus, are a key cost for growing microalgae, but these nutrients are present in abundance in municipal wastewater where they pose environmental problems if not removed. This is not a traditional review article; rather, it is a fact-based set of suggestions that will have to be investigated by scientists and engineers. It is suggested that if microalgae were grown as biofilms rather than as planktonic cells, and if internal illumination rather than external illumination were employed, then the use of microalgae may provide useful improvements to the wastewater treatment process. The use of microalgae to remove nutrients from wastewater has been demonstrated, but has not yet been widely implemented due to cost, and because microalgae derived from wastewater treatment has not yet been demonstrated as a commercial source for value-added products. Future facilities are likely to be called Municipal Resource Recovery Facilities as wastewater will increasingly be viewed as a resource for water, biofuels, fertilizer, monitoring public health and value-added products. Advances in photonics will accelerate this transition.
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Maltsev Y, Maltseva K, Kulikovskiy M, Maltseva S. Influence of Light Conditions on Microalgae Growth and Content of Lipids, Carotenoids, and Fatty Acid Composition. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:1060. [PMID: 34681157 PMCID: PMC8533579 DOI: 10.3390/biology10101060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are a valuable natural resource for a variety of value-added products. The growth of microalgae is determined by the impact of many factors, but, from the point of view of the implementation of autotrophic growth, light is of primary importance. This work presents an overview of the influence of light conditions on the growth of microalgae, the content of lipids, carotenoids, and the composition of fatty acids in their biomass, taking into account parameters such as the intensity, duration of lighting, and use of rays of different spectral composition. The optimal light intensity for the growth of microalgae lies in the following range: 26-400 µmol photons m-2 s-1. An increase in light intensity leads to an activation of lipid synthesis. For maximum lipid productivity, various microalgae species and strains need lighting of different intensities: from 60 to 700 µmol photons m-2 s-1. Strong light preferentially increases the triacylglyceride content. The intensity of lighting has a regulating effect on the synthesis of fatty acids, carotenoids, including β-carotene, lutein and astaxanthin. In intense lighting conditions, saturated fatty acids usually accumulate, as well as monounsaturated ones, and the number of polyunsaturated fatty acids decreases. Red as well as blue LED lighting improves the biomass productivity of microalgae of various taxonomic groups. Changing the duration of the photoperiod, the use of pulsed light can stimulate microalgae growth, the production of lipids, and carotenoids. The simultaneous use of light and other stresses contributes to a stronger effect on the productivity of algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevhen Maltsev
- Laboratory of Molecular Systematics of Aquatic Plants, K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Kateryna Maltseva
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Bogdan Khmelnitsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University, 72312 Melitopol, Ukraine;
| | - Maxim Kulikovskiy
- Laboratory of Molecular Systematics of Aquatic Plants, K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Svetlana Maltseva
- Laboratory of Molecular Systematics of Aquatic Plants, K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (S.M.)
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11
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Sanchez-Tarre V, Kiparissides A. The effects of illumination and trophic strategy on gene expression in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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12
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Glauch L, Escher BI. The Combined Algae Test for the Evaluation of Mixture Toxicity in Environmental Samples. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:2496-2508. [PMID: 32926747 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The combined algae test is a 96-well plate-based algal toxicity assay with the green algae Raphidocelis subcapitata that combines inhibition of 24-h population growth rate with inhibition of photosynthesis detected after 2 and 24 h with pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry using a Maxi-Imaging PAM. The combined algae test has been in use for more than a decade but has had limitations due to incompatibilities of the measurements of the 2 biological endpoints on the same microtiter plates. These limitations could be overcome by increasing growth rates and doubling times on black, clear-bottom 96-well plates by application of dichromatic red/blue light-emitting diode illumination. Different robotic dosing approaches and additional data evaluation methods helped to further expand the applicability domain of the assay. The combined algae test differentiates between nonspecifically acting compounds and photosynthesis inhibitors, such as photosystem II (PSII) herbicides. The PSII herbicides acted immediately on photosynthesis and showed growth rate inhibition at higher concentrations. If growth was a similar or more sensitive endpoint than photosynthesis inhibition, this was an indication that the tested chemical acted nonspecifically or that a mixture or a water sample was dominated by chemicals other than PSII herbicides acting on algal growth. We fingerprinted the effects of 45 chemicals on photosynthesis inhibition and growth rate and related the effects of the single compounds to designed mixtures of these chemicals detected in water samples and to the effects directly measured in water samples. Most of the observed effects in the water samples could be explained by known photosystem II inhibitors such as triazines and phenylurea herbicides. The improved setup of the combined algae test gave results consistent with those of the previous method but has lower costs, higher throughput, and higher precision. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2496-2508. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Glauch
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Beate I Escher
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Applied Geoscience, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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13
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Webb JP, van Keulen M, Wong SKS, Hamley E, Nwoba E, Moheimani NR. Light spectral effect on a consortium of filamentous green algae grown on anaerobic digestate piggery effluent (ADPE). ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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14
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Gonçalves VD, Fagundes-Klen MR, Goes Trigueros DE, Kroumov AD, Módenes AN. Statistical and optimization strategies to carotenoids production by Tetradesmus acuminatus (LC192133.1) cultivated in photobioreactors. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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15
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Gonçalves VD, Fagundes-Klen MR, Trigueros DEG, Schuelter AR, Kroumov AD, Módenes AN. Combination of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) for photostimulation of carotenoids and chlorophylls synthesis in Tetradesmus sp. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Schediwy K, Trautmann A, Steinweg C, Posten C. Microalgal kinetics - a guideline for photobioreactor design and process development. Eng Life Sci 2019; 19:830-843. [PMID: 32624976 PMCID: PMC6999068 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201900107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinetics generally describes bio‐(chemical) reaction rates in dependence on substrate concentrations. Kinetics for microalgae is often adapted from heterotrophs and lacks mechanistic foundation, e.g. for light harvesting. Using and understanding kinetic equations as the representation of intracellular mechanisms is essential for reasonable comparisons and simulations of growth behavior. Summarizing growth kinetics in one equation does not yield reliable models. Piecewise linear or rational functions may mimic photosynthesis irradiance response curves, but fail to represent the mechanisms. Our modeling approach for photoautotrophic growth comprises physical and kinetic modules with mechanistic foundation extracted from the literature. Splitting the light submodel into the modules for light distribution, light absorption, and photosynthetic sugar production with independent parameters allows the transfer of kinetics between different reactor designs. The consecutive anabolism depends among others on nutrient concentrations. The nutrient uptake kinetics largely impacts carbon partitioning in the reviewed stoichiometry range of cellular constituents. Consecutive metabolic steps mask each other and demand a maximum value understandable as the minimum principle of growth. These fundamental modules need to be clearly distinguished, but may be modified or extended based on process conditions and progress in research. First, discussion of kinetics helps to understand the physiological situation, for which ranges of parameter values are given. Second, kinetics should be used for photobioreactor design, but also for gassing and nutrient optimization. Numerous examples are given for both aspects. Finally, measuring kinetics more comprehensively and precisely will help in improved process development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Schediwy
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section III: Bioprocess Engineering Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany
| | | | - Christian Steinweg
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section III: Bioprocess Engineering Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Clemens Posten
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section III: Bioprocess Engineering Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany
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Inhibition of Photosynthetic Activity in Wastewater-Borne Microalgal–Bacterial Consortia under Various Light Conditions. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11102951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microalgal–bacterial consortia are considered an alternative method to conventional wastewater treatment processes with several benefits, such as low oxygen production cost and reduced emission of carbon dioxide resulting from photosynthetic activity. Besides, microalgae effectively remove various emerging contaminants and heavy metals that are hardly removed by conventional wastewater treatment processes. The purpose of this study is finding optimal operation conditions (e.g., light wavelengths, light intensity, microalgal–bacterial consortia biomass) when applying microalgae in wastewater treatment system. Firstly, reduced transmittance was monitored at four different wavelengths (i.e., blue, green, red, and white light) and at various concentrations of microalgal–bacterial consortia. Light transmittance rates were rapidly reduced as the biomass increased, where the highest transmittance was observed in green light. Secondly, the reduction of oxygen production over time, by the inhibition of the photosynthetic activity, was tested as the light intensity increased at four different wavelengths and at low (100 mg L−1) and high (500 mg L−1) concentrations of microalgal–bacterial consortia. The observations and subsequent statistical analyses verify that microalgal–bacterial consortia show the strongest resistance to the inhibition of the photosynthetic activity in green light, with white coming next, when the intensity of light is increased.
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Kim ZH, Park YS, Ryu YJ, Lee CG. Enhancing biomass and fatty acid productivity of Tetraselmis sp. in bubble column photobioreactors by modifying light quality using light filters. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-017-0200-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Internally illuminated photobioreactor using a novel type of light-emitting diode (LED) bar for cultivation of Arthrospira platensis. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-016-0428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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