1
|
Lee YS. Peptidomimetics and Their Applications for Opioid Peptide Drug Discovery. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091241. [PMID: 36139079 PMCID: PMC9496382 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite various advantages, opioid peptides have been limited in their therapeutic uses due to the main drawbacks in metabolic stability, blood-brain barrier permeability, and bioavailability. Therefore, extensive studies have focused on overcoming the problems and optimizing the therapeutic potential. Currently, numerous peptide-based drugs are being marketed thanks to new synthetic strategies for optimizing metabolism and alternative routes of administration. This tutorial review briefly introduces the history and role of natural opioid peptides and highlights the key findings on their structure-activity relationships for the opioid receptors. It discusses details on opioid peptidomimetics applied to develop therapeutic candidates for the treatment of pain from the pharmacological and structural points of view. The main focus is the current status of various mimetic tools and the successful applications summarized in tables and figures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Sun Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zotova MA, Vasilyeva TP, Peregudov AS, Osipov SN. Synthesis of CF3-containing α-alkynyl-α-aminophosphonates by Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction. J Fluor Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2011.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
3
|
Liu Z, Mehta SJ, Lee KS, Grossman B, Qu H, Gu X, Nichol GS, Hruby VJ. Thio-Claisen Rearrangement Used in Preparing Anti-β-Functionalized γ,δ-Unsaturated Amino Acids: Scope and Limitations. J Org Chem 2012; 77:1289-300. [DOI: 10.1021/jo201753q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Liu
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306
East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Sukeshi J. Mehta
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306
East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Kwang-Soo Lee
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306
East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Bryan Grossman
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306
East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Hongchang Qu
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306
East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Xuyuan Gu
- Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals, Nektar Therapeutics, 490 Discovery Drive, Huntsville,
Alabama 35758, United States
| | - Gary S. Nichol
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306
East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Victor J. Hruby
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306
East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu Z, Qu H, Gu X, Min BJ, Nyberg J, Hruby VJ. Enantioselective synthesis of anti-beta-substituted gamma,delta-unsaturated amino acids: a highly selective asymmetric thio-Claisen rearrangement. Org Lett 2008; 10:4105-8. [PMID: 18702500 PMCID: PMC2654228 DOI: 10.1021/ol801657q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel synthesis of optically active anti-beta-substituted gamma,delta-unsaturated amino acids via a thio-Claisen rearrangement has been achieved. A 2,5-diphenylpyrrolidine was used as a C2-symmetric chiral auxiliary to control the stereochemistry, giving good yields and excellent diastereoselectivities and enantioselectivities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, U. S. A
| | - Hongchang Qu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, U. S. A
| | - Xuyuan Gu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, U. S. A
| | - Byoung J. Min
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, U. S. A
| | - Joel Nyberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, U. S. A
| | - Victor J. Hruby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, U. S. A
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vagner J, Qu H, Hruby VJ. Peptidomimetics, a synthetic tool of drug discovery. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2008; 12:292-6. [PMID: 18423417 PMCID: PMC2515564 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 387] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2008] [Revised: 03/11/2008] [Accepted: 03/14/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The demand for modified peptides with improved stability profiles and pharmacokinetic properties is driving extensive research effort in this field. Many structural modifications of peptides guided by rational design and molecular modeling have been established to develop novel synthetic approaches. Recent advances in the synthesis of conformationally restricted building blocks and peptide bond isosteres are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Vagner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Hongchang Qu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Victor J. Hruby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Min BJ, Gu X, Yamamoto T, Petrov RR, Qu H, Lee YS, Hruby VJ. Synthesis of a novel benzyl-octahydropyrazino[1,2-a]pyrimidin-6-one derivative as a convenient internal bicyclic peptidomimetic. Tetrahedron Lett 2008; 49:2316-2319. [PMID: 19340283 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.01.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A substituted hydropyrazino[1,2-a]pyrimidin-6-one derivative was synthesized stereoselectively via the intramolecular N-acyliminium ion cyclization between an amide nitrogen and an N(α)-acetal derived from Cbz-protected aminopropyl-phenylalaninamide in very good yields. The formation of a single diastereomer is due to the low energy chairlike conformation of its bicyclic structure. This methodology provides a convenient tool to build internal bicyclic peptidomimetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byoung J Min
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Qu H, Gu X, Liu Z, Min BJ, Hruby VJ. Asymmetric Eschenmoser-Claisen rearrangement for anti-beta-substituted gamma,delta-unsaturated amino acids. Org Lett 2007; 9:3997-4000. [PMID: 17760455 PMCID: PMC2587277 DOI: 10.1021/ol701704h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Optically active anti-beta-substituted gamma,delta-unsaturated amino acids are important synthetic building blocks in organic synthesis and for peptidomimetics. A novel asymmetric Eschenmoser-Claisen rearrangement with use of a C2-symmetric chiral auxiliary was developed to generate this type of amino acid. Excellent diastereoselectivities and high enantioselectivities (87-93% ee) were obtained after the chiral auxiliary was removed via iodolactonization/zinc reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongchang Qu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721,
| | - Xuyuan Gu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721,
| | - Zhihua Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721,
| | - Byoung J. Min
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721,
| | - Victor J. Hruby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Qu H, Gu X, Min BJ, Liu Z, Hruby VJ. Synthesis of Anti-beta-substituted gamma,delta-unsaturated amino acids via Eschenmoser-Claisen rearrangement. Org Lett 2007; 8:4215-8. [PMID: 16956190 PMCID: PMC2366803 DOI: 10.1021/ol061414l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Anti-beta-substituted gamma,delta-unsaturated amino acids have been synthesized via a novel design of the Eschenmoser-Claisen rearrangement. The rearrangement gives good isolated yields and excellent diastereoselectivity due to (Z)-N,O-ketene acetal formation and the pseudochairlike conformations of the reaction intermediates. Upon reductive hydrolysis, important novel amino acids and amino alcohols were synthesized for the first time via this methodology.
Collapse
|
9
|
Carducci MD, Gu X, Cole JR, Hruby VJ. [N-({(R)-2-[(N-Benzylprolyl)amino]phenyl}-phenylmethylene)-2(S)-(pent-4-enyl)-glycinato]nickel(II). Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2007; 62:m1219-m1220. [PMID: 17268578 PMCID: PMC1785113 DOI: 10.1107/s160053680601244x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, [Ni(C(32)H(33)N(3)O(3))], crystallized as a minor product during the purification of its 2(R)-pent-4-enyl diastereomer. Mixtures of the title compound and its enantiomer self-resolve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Carducci
- University of Arizona, Department of Chemistry, 1306 E. University, Tucson, AZ 85721-0041, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
This paper is the 28th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system, now spanning over a quarter-century of research. It summarizes papers published during 2005 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior (Section 2), and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia (Section 3); stress and social status (Section 4); tolerance and dependence (Section 5); learning and memory (Section 6); eating and drinking (Section 7); alcohol and drugs of abuse (Section 8); sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (Section 9); mental illness and mood (Section 10); seizures and neurologic disorders (Section 11); electrical-related activity, neurophysiology and transmitter release (Section 12); general activity and locomotion (Section 13); gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (Section 14); cardiovascular responses (Section 15); respiration and thermoregulation (Section 16); immunological responses (Section 17).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
He HT, Gürsoy RN, Kupczyk-Subotkowska L, Tian J, Williams T, Siahaan TJ. Synthesis and chemical stability of a disulfide bond in a model cyclic pentapeptide: cyclo(1,4)-Cys-Gly-Phe-Cys-Gly-OH. J Pharm Sci 2006; 95:2222-34. [PMID: 16883561 DOI: 10.1002/jps.20701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Many cyclic peptides are formed using a disulfide bond to increase their conformational rigidity; this provides receptor selectivity and increased potency. However, degradation of the disulfide bond in formulation can lead to a loss of structural stability and biological activity of the peptide. Therefore, the objective of this study was to study the stability of peptide 1 (cyclo(1,4)-Cys-Gly-Phe-Cys-Gly-OH). This cyclic peptide was synthesized using Boc strategy via solution-phase peptide synthesis and purified using semi-preparative HPLC. The accelerated stability studies of the cyclic peptide were conducted in buffer solutions at pH 1.0-11.0 with controlled ionic strengths at 70 degrees C. The pH-rate profile shows that the peptide has an optimal stability around pH 3.0 with a V-shape between pH 1.0 and 5.0. Two small plateaus are observed at pH 5.0-7.0 and pH 8.0-10.0, indicating hydrolysis on different ionized forms of the cyclic peptide. One product was observed at acidic pH due to peptide bond hydrolysis at Gly2-Phe3. The number of degradation products increases as the pH increases from neutral to basic, and most of the degradation products at neutral and basic pH are derived from the degradation at the disulfide bond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry T He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|