1
|
Johnson C, Harwood JS, Lipton M, Chmielewski J. A refined photo‐switchable cyclic peptide scaffold for use in β‐turn activation. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Corey Johnson
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA
| | - John S. Harwood
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA
| | - Mark Lipton
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA
| | - Jean Chmielewski
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Albert L, Vázquez O. Photoswitchable peptides for spatiotemporal control of biological functions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10192-10213. [PMID: 31411602 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03346g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Light is unsurpassed in its ability to modulate biological interactions. Since their discovery, chemists have been fascinated by photosensitive molecules capable of switching between isomeric forms, known as photoswitches. Photoswitchable peptides have been recognized for many years; however, their functional implementation in biological systems has only recently been achieved. Peptides are now acknowledged as excellent protein-protein interaction modulators and have been important in the emergence of photopharmacology. In this review, we briefly explain the different classes of photoswitches and summarize structural studies when they are incorporated into peptides. Importantly, we provide a detailed overview of the rapidly increasing number of examples, where biological modulation is driven by the structural changes. Furthermore, we discuss some of the remaining challenges faced in this field. These exciting proof-of-principle studies highlight the tremendous potential of photocontrollable peptides as optochemical tools for chemical biology and biomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Albert
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lei H, Mo M, He Y, Wu Y, Zhu W, Wu L. Bioactivatable reductive cleavage of azobenzene for controlling functional dumbbell oligodeoxynucleotides. Bioorg Chem 2019; 91:103106. [PMID: 31344515 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Application of stimuli-responsive bioactive molecules is an attractive strategy due to use for target special tissues and cells. Here, we reported synthesis of an azo-linker, 2,2'-dimethoxyl-4,4'-dihydroxymethylazobenzene (mAzo), which was more effectively recognized and cleaved by reducing glutathione (GSH) via comparing with 4,4'-dihydroxymethylazobenzene (Azo). In addition, mAzo is further exploited to engineer dumbbell asODNs, which could result in the release of asODNs and thus modulate their hybridization to target nucleic acids. The present study is the first example to disclose efficient reductive cleavage of azobenzene by GSH to generate aromatic amine. This would provide a valuable strategy for tunable cell-specific release of ODNs and modulation of known disease-causing gene expression in cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Lei
- Department School of Pharmacy Institution, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Mengwu Mo
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yujian He
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ya Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Shanxi 710065, China.
| | - Wufu Zhu
- Department School of Pharmacy Institution, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Jiangxi 330013, China.
| | - Li Wu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
The last few years have witnessed significant advances in the use of light as a stimulus to control biomolecular interactions. Great efforts have been devoted to the development of genetically encoded optobiological and small photochromic switches. Newly discovered small molecules now allow researchers to build molecular systems that are sensitive to a wider range of wavelengths of light than ever before with improved switching fidelities and increased lifetimes of the photoactivated states. Because these molecules are relatively small and adopt predictable conformations they are well suited as tools to interrogate cellular function in a spatially and temporally contolled fashion and for applications in photopharmacology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Mart
- School of Chemistry & Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Rudolf K Allemann
- School of Chemistry & Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rodda AE, Meagher L, Nisbet DR, Forsythe JS. Specific control of cell–material interactions: Targeting cell receptors using ligand-functionalized polymer substrates. Prog Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
6
|
Velema WA, Szymanski W, Feringa BL. Photopharmacology: Beyond Proof of Principle. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:2178-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ja413063e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 712] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Willem A. Velema
- Center for Systems Chemistry,
Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh
4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Center for Systems Chemistry,
Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh
4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Center for Systems Chemistry,
Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh
4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Szymański W, Beierle JM, Kistemaker HAV, Velema WA, Feringa BL. Reversible Photocontrol of Biological Systems by the Incorporation of Molecular Photoswitches. Chem Rev 2013; 113:6114-78. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300179f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 847] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wiktor Szymański
- Stratingh Institute
for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The
Netherlands
| | - John M. Beierle
- Stratingh Institute
for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The
Netherlands
| | - Hans A. V. Kistemaker
- Stratingh Institute
for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The
Netherlands
| | - Willem A. Velema
- Stratingh Institute
for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The
Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute
for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The
Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Feng W, Luo W, Feng Y. Photo-responsive carbon nanomaterials functionalized by azobenzene moieties: structures, properties and application. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:6118-34. [PMID: 22915068 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr31505j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The ability to tune the microstructures, bandgap, conductance, chemical environment and thermal storage of carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene and fullerenes by optical modulation or response is important to design and fabricate advanced optoelectronic nanodevices. This review is focused on optical control and regulation of structures, properties, interface and interaction of a new generation of photo-responsive carbon nanomaterials/azobenzene moieties (Carbon-AZO) hybrids. The optical switching properties of Carbon-AZO hybrids resulting from the photo-isomerization between trans and cis isomers are highlighted and discussed in terms of photo-energy conversion devices including switches, sensors, detectors, fuels and storage. A wide range of advanced energy conversion devices using Carbon-AZO hybrids can be developed in the future by the optimization of the chemical structure, steric conformation, electrostatic environment and functionalization of specific molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Goulet-Hanssens A, Lai Wing Sun K, Kennedy TE, Barrett CJ. Photoreversible Surfaces to Regulate Cell Adhesion. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:2958-63. [DOI: 10.1021/bm301037k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Goulet-Hanssens
- Department of Chemistry, Program
in NeuroEngineering, McGill University,
801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0B8
| | - Karen Lai Wing Sun
- Department of Neurology and
Neurosurgery, Program in NeuroEngineering, Montreal Neurological Institute, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec,
Canada H3A 2B4
| | - Timothy E. Kennedy
- Department of Neurology and
Neurosurgery, Program in NeuroEngineering, Montreal Neurological Institute, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec,
Canada H3A 2B4
| | - Christopher J. Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, Program
in NeuroEngineering, McGill University,
801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0B8
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wirkner M, Weis S, San Miguel V, Álvarez M, Gropeanu RA, Salierno M, Sartoris A, Unger RE, Kirkpatrick CJ, del Campo A. Photoactivatable caged cyclic RGD peptide for triggering integrin binding and cell adhesion to surfaces. Chembiochem 2011; 12:2623-9. [PMID: 22058073 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and properties of a photoactivatable caged RGD peptide and its application for phototriggering integrin- and cell-binding to surfaces. We analysed in detail 1) the differences in the integrin-binding affinity of the caged and uncaged forms by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) studies, 2) the efficiency and yield of the photolytic uncaging reaction, 3) the biocompatibility of the photolysis by-products and irradiation conditions, 4) the possibility of site, temporal and density control of integrin-binding and therefore human cell attachment, and 5) the possibility of in situ generation of cell patterns and cell gradients by controlling the UV exposure. These studies provide a clear picture of the potential and limitations of caged RGD for integrin-mediated cell adhesion and demonstrate the application of this approach to the control and study of cell interactions and responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Wirkner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wirkner M, Alonso JM, Maus V, Salierno M, Lee TT, García AJ, del Campo A. Triggered cell release from materials using bioadhesive photocleavable linkers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:3907-3910. [PMID: 21618293 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201100925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Revised: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Wirkner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
The photoisomerization of azobenzene has been known for almost 75 years but only recently has this process been widely applied to biological systems. The central challenge of how to productively couple the isomerization process to a large functional change in a biomolecule has been met in a number of instances and it appears that effective photocontrol of a large variety of biomolecules may be possible. This critical review summarizes key properties of azobenzene that enable its use as a photoswitch in biological systems and describes strategies for using azobenzene photoswitches to drive functional changes in peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates (192 references).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Beharry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St. Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lee HM, Larson DR, Lawrence DS. Illuminating the chemistry of life: design, synthesis, and applications of "caged" and related photoresponsive compounds. ACS Chem Biol 2009; 4:409-27. [PMID: 19298086 DOI: 10.1021/cb900036s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Biological systems are characterized by a level of spatial and temporal organization that often lies beyond the grasp of present day methods. Light-modulated bioreagents, including analogs of low molecular weight compounds, peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids, represent a compelling strategy to probe, perturb, or sample biological phenomena with the requisite control to address many of these organizational complexities. Although this technology has created considerable excitement in the chemical community, its application to biological questions has been relatively limited. We describe the challenges associated with the design, synthesis, and use of light-responsive bioreagents; the scope and limitations associated with the instrumentation required for their application; and recent chemical and biological advances in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Ming Lee
- Departments of Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry & Natural Products, and Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290
| | - Daniel R. Larson
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, The Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - David S. Lawrence
- Departments of Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry & Natural Products, and Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Petersen S, Alonso JM, Specht A, Duodu P, Goeldner M, del Campo A. Phototriggering of Cell Adhesion by Caged Cyclic RGD Peptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200704857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
15
|
Petersen S, Alonso JM, Specht A, Duodu P, Goeldner M, del Campo A. Phototriggering of Cell Adhesion by Caged Cyclic RGD Peptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:3192-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200704857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
16
|
Boulègue C, Löweneck M, Renner C, Moroder L. Redox Potential of Azobenzene as an Amino Acid Residue in Peptides. Chembiochem 2007; 8:591-4. [PMID: 17361978 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200600495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Boulègue
- Bioorganic Chemistry, Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
The photoinduced isomerization of azobenzene between the extended (trans) and compact (cis) conformations is reversibly triggered by light of two differing wavelengths. The resulting changes in molecular geometry have been extensively utilized to photoswitch transformations in chemical species reversibly for applications in optoelectronic devises as well as to photocontrol conformational states in (bio)polymers. The high isomerization yield, remarkable photostability and ultrafast kinetics (few ps) of azobenzene are well suited for the design of small, defined model systems that allow detailed folding studies to be carried out both experimentally and theoretically on the same molecules. In our and other laboratories such systems were recently obtained with cyclic peptides of defined conformational preferences as well as with alpha-helical and beta-hairpin peptides. These should, by comparison of simulation and experiment, permit an assessment and improvement of the theoretical description on the one hand and a detailed interpretation of the ultrafast conformational dynamics on the other. The phototriggered changes in conformational states lead to concurrent changes in biophysical properties that can be exploited in the photocontrol of biochemical and biological events, as exemplarily discussed with redox-active cyclic bis-cysteinyl peptides and receptor ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Renner
- School of Biomedical and Natural Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wiltschi B, Knoll W, Sinner EK. Binding assays with artificial tethered membranes using surface plasmon resonance. Methods 2006; 39:134-46. [PMID: 16857384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2006.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2006] [Accepted: 05/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface sensitive optical techniques based on surface plasmon resonance have become interesting for biosciences in the context of biorecognition and binding studies at functional surfaces. We use surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPS) in combination with surface plasmon enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS) for the characterization of interaction processes associated with biomembranes. The biological membrane is mimicked by a tethered membrane consisting of a planar lipid bilayer attached to a gold surface via a hydrophilic anchor peptide. The interaction between membrane-bound hydrophobic compounds and free hydrophilic molecules is monitored in real-time and with high sensitivity and selectivity by combined SPS/SPFS. In this review we shortly discuss the principles of surface plasmon resonance and its utilization in SPS and SPFS. A detailed description of the required instrumentation for combined SPS and SPFS is presented. Furthermore, we outline the design of a binding assay with a tethered bilayer and the procedure of the artificial membrane system built-up is delineated. We also present examples that demonstrate the potential of combined SPS/SPFS assays with artificial tethered membranes. The method provides insight into the interaction of integral membrane proteins with various hydrophilic ligands and the specific recognition of small lipophilic molecules by soluble proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Wiltschi
- Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Department of Membrane Biochemistry, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Standaert RF, Park SB. Abc Amino Acids: Design, Synthesis, and Properties of New Photoelastic Amino Acids. J Org Chem 2006; 71:7952-66. [PMID: 17025282 DOI: 10.1021/jo060763q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photoisomerizable amino acids provide a direct avenue to the experimental manipulation of bioactive polypeptides, potentially allowing real-time, remote control of biological systems and enabling useful applications in nanobiotechnology. Herein, we report a new class of photoisomerizable amino acids intended to cause pronounced expansion and contraction in the polypeptide backbone, i.e., to be photoelastic. These compounds, termed Abc amino acids, employ a photoisomerizable azobiphenyl chromophore to control the relative disposition of aminomethyl and carboxyl substituents. Molecular modeling of nine Abc isomers led to the identification of one with particularly attractive properties, including the ability to induce contractions up to 13 A in the backbone upon trans --> cis photoisomerization. This isomer, designated mpAbc, has substituents at meta and para positions on the inner (azo-linked) and outer rings, respectively. An efficient synthesis of Fmoc-protected mpAbc was executed in which the biaryl components were formed via Suzuki couplings and the azo linkage was formed via amine/nitroso condensation; protected forms of three other Abc isomers were prepared similarly. An undecapeptide incorporating mpAbc was synthesized by conventional solid-phase methods and displayed characteristic azobenzene photochemical behavior with optimal conversion to the cis isomer at 360 nm and a thermal cis --> trans half-life of 100 min at 80 degrees C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Standaert
- Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008 MS 6123, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6123, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Löweneck M, Milbradt AG, Root C, Satzger H, Zinth W, Moroder L, Renner C. A conformational two-state peptide model system containing an ultrafast but soft light switch. Biophys J 2005; 90:2099-108. [PMID: 16387780 PMCID: PMC1386788 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.105.067363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining an azobenzene chromophore with the bis-cysteinyl active-site sequence of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) we constructed a simple but promising model for allosteric conformational rearrangements. Paralleling cellular signaling events, an external trigger, here absorption of a photon, leads to a structural change in one part of the molecule, namely the azobenzene-based chromophore. The change in geometry translates to the effector site, in our case the peptide sequence, where it modifies covalent and nonbonded interactions and thus leads to a conformational rearrangement. NMR spectroscopy showed that the trans-azo and cis-azo isomer of the cyclic PDI peptide exhibit different, but well-defined structures when the two cystine residues form a disulfide bridge. Without this intramolecular cross-link conformationally more variable structural ensembles are obtained that again differ for the two isomeric states. Ultrafast UV/Vis spectroscopy confirmed that the rapid isomerization of azobenzene is not significantly slowed down when incorporated into the cyclic peptides, although the amplitudes of ballistic and diffusive pathways are changed. The observation that most of the energy of an absorbed photon is dissipated to the solvent in the first few picoseconds when the actual azo-isomerization takes place is important. The conformational rearrangement is weakly driven due to the absence of appreciable excess energy and can be described as biased diffusion similar to natural processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Löweneck
- Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Auernheimer J, Dahmen C, Hersel U, Bausch A, Kessler H. Photoswitched Cell Adhesion on Surfaces with RGD Peptides. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:16107-10. [PMID: 16287297 DOI: 10.1021/ja053648q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Coating of surfaces by RGD peptides is well-known. Herein we describe the possibility to switch cell adhesion properties by changing the distance and orientation of the RGD peptides to the surface. A set of RGD peptides of the type cyclo(-RGDfK-) was synthesized containing the photoswitchable 4-[(4-aminophenyl)azo]benzocarbonyl central unit as spacer between the acrylamide anchor and the RGD peptide. PMMA (poly methyl methacrylate) surfaces were coated with these peptides. Control of adhesion stimulation by irradiation with 366 or 450 nm light could be achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Auernheimer
- Department Chemie, Lehrstuhl II für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|