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Fenyvesi É, Sohajda T. Cyclodextrin-enabled green environmental biotechnologies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:20085-20097. [PMID: 35064478 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18176-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Most of the organic compounds contaminating the environment can form inclusion complexes with cyclodextrins resulting in enhanced solubility (a benefit in soil remediation) or just the opposite: reduced mobility by sorption (a benefit in wastewater treatment). Combining biotechnologies with cyclodextrin, a renewable and biodegradable material, green environmental technologies of high efficiency were developed. For instance, the cyclodextrin-enabled soil washing/flushing technologies combined with bioremediation have been demonstrated in full-scale field experiments. The efficiency of tertiary wastewater treatment by sorption of non-biodegradable xenobiotics, such as residual pharmaceutics, was proved. The biofilm formation in fouling processes can be prevented or reduced either by applying cyclodextrin-based coatings or by manipulation of quorum sensing (bacterial communication) via capturing signal molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Fenyvesi
- CycloLab Cyclodextrin R&D Laboratory Ltd, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Tamás Sohajda
- CycloLab Cyclodextrin R&D Laboratory Ltd, Budapest, Hungary
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Trellu C, Pechaud Y, Oturan N, Mousset E, van Hullebusch ED, Huguenot D, Oturan MA. Remediation of soils contaminated by hydrophobic organic compounds: How to recover extracting agents from soil washing solutions? JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124137. [PMID: 33049627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A lot of soil (particularly, former industrial and military sites) has been contaminated by various highly toxic contaminants such as petroleum hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) or chlorinated solvents. Soil remediation is now required for their promotion into new industrial or real estate activities. Therefore, the soil washing (SW) process enhanced by the use of extracting agents (EAs) such as surfactants or cyclodextrins (CDs) has been developed for the removal of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) from contaminated soils. The use of extracting agents allows improving the transfer of HOCs from the soil-sorbed fraction to the washing solution. However, using large amount of extracting agents is also a critical drawback for cost-effectiveness of the SW process. The aim of this review is to examine how extracting agents might be recovered from SW solutions for reuse. Various separation processes are able to recover large amounts of extracting agents according to the physicochemical characteristics of target pollutants and extracting agents. However, an additional treatment step is required for the degradation of recovered pollutants. SW solutions may also undergo degradation processes such as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) with in situ production of oxidants. Partial recovery of extracting agents can be achieved according to operating conditions and reaction kinetics between organic compounds and oxidant species. The suitability of each process is discussed according to the various physicochemical characteristics of SW solutions. A particular attention is paid to the anodic oxidation process, which allows either a selective degradation of the target pollutants or a complete removal of the organic load depending on the operating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Trellu
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France.
| | - Yoan Pechaud
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France
| | - Nihal Oturan
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France
| | - Emmanuel Mousset
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Eric D van Hullebusch
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France
| | - David Huguenot
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France
| | - Mehmet A Oturan
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France.
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Zhang M, Zhao C, Li J, Xu L, Wei F, Hou D, Sarkar B, Ok YS. Organo-layered double hydroxides for the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from soil washing effluents containing high concentrations of surfactants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 373:678-686. [PMID: 30954870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Disposal of soil washing effluent (SWE) resulting from the surfactant-enhanced remediation of soil containing hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs)is complicated because of the presence of high levels of surfactants. The synthesized layered double hydroxides (LDHs), modified with sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) in different loading amounts (organo-LDHs),were evaluated in this study as sorbents for the removal of two typical HOCs, phenanthrene (PHE) and pyrene (PYR),from a simulative SWE. The results showed that the organo-LDHs can effectively sorb PHE and PYR from the SWE within an equilibrium time of 2 h. All isotherms were linear and the sorption capabilities of the organo-LDHs increased almost linearly with the increase in the amount of SDS loaded on the LDHs. Besides, the surface areas of the organo-LDHs decreased sharply with the increase in SDS loading owing to the hindrance of the exposed surface of the LDHs by the incorporated SDS. These findings indicated that partitioning dominated the sorption process rather than adsorption, and the strong affinity of HOCs towards the organic phase in LDHs assisted in the effective removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the SWE. Furthermore, the sorption capabilities of organo-LDHs towards PHE and PYR at the higher loading amounts of SDS were much greater than that of commercial activated carbon at the higher concentration ranges of PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinye Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liheng Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK; Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI), Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul02841, Republic of Korea.
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Blanford WJ, Pecoraro MP, Heinrichs R, Boving TB. Enhanced reductive de-chlorination of a solvent contaminated aquifer through addition and apparent fermentation of cyclodextrin. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2018; 208:68-78. [PMID: 29289350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In a field study, aqueous cyclodextrin (CD) was investigated for its ability to extract chlorinated volatile organic compounds (cVOC), such as trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA), and dichloroethene (DCE) through in-situ flushing of a sandy aquifer. After cessation of aquifer flushing, a plume of CD was left. Changes in CD, cVOC, and inorganic terminal electron acceptors (TEAs) (DO, nitrate, sulfate, iron) were monitored in four rounds of wellwater sampling (20, 210, 342, and 425days after cessation of active pumping). Post-CD flushing VOC levels rebounded (850% for TCE, 190% for TCA, and 53% for DCE) between the first two sampling rounds, apparently due to rate-limited desorption from aquifer media and dissolution from remaining NAPL. However, substantial reduction in the mass of TCE (6.3 to 0.11mol: 98%) and TCA (2.8 to 0.73mol: 74%) in groundwater was observed between 210 and 425days. DCE should primarily be produced from the degradation of TCE and is expected to subsequently degrade to chloroethene. Since DCE levels decreased only slightly (0.23 to 0.17mol: 26%), its degradation rate should be similar to that produced from the decaying TCE. Cyclodextrin was monitored starting from day 210. The mass of residual CD (as measured by Total Organic Carbon) decreased from 150mol (day 210) to 66 (day 425) (56% decrease). The naturally anaerobic zone within the aquifer where residual CD mass decreased coincided with a loss of other major potential TEAs: nitrate (97% loss), sulfate (31%) and iron (31%). In other studies, TCE and 1,1,1-TCA have been found to be more energetically favorable TEAs than sulfate and iron and their degradation via reductive dechlorination has been found to be enhanced by the fermentation of carbohydrates. Such processes can explain these observations, but more investigation is needed to evaluate whether residual levels of CD can facilitate the anaerobic degradation of chlorinated VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- William James Blanford
- School of Earth and Environmental Science, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, USA.
| | - Michael Philip Pecoraro
- School of Earth and Environmental Science, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, USA
| | - Rebecca Heinrichs
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Thomas Bernhard Boving
- Department of Geosciences and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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Guemiza K, Coudert L, Metahni S, Mercier G, Besner S, Blais JF. Treatment technologies used for the removal of As, Cr, Cu, PCP and/or PCDD/F from contaminated soil: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 333:194-214. [PMID: 28359036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of soils by metals such as arsenic, chromium, copper and organic compounds such as pentachlorophenol (PCP) and dioxins and furans (PCDD/F) is a major problem in industrialized countries. Excavation followed by disposal in an appropriate landfilling is usually used site to manage these contaminated soils. Many researches have been conducted to develop physical, biological, thermal and chemical methods to allow the rehabilitation of contaminated sites. Thermal treatments including thermal desorption seemed to be the most appropriate methods, allowing the removal of more than 99.99% of organic contaminants but, they are ineffective for inorganic compounds. Biological treatments have been developed to remove inorganic and hydrophobic organic contaminants but their applications are limited to soils contaminated by easily biodegradable organic compounds. Among the physical technologies available, attrition is the most commonly used technique for the rehabilitation of soils contaminated by both organic and inorganic contaminants. Chemical processes using acids, bases, redox agents and surfactants seemed to be an interesting option to simultaneously extract organic and inorganic contaminants from soils. This paper will provide an overview of the recent developments in the field of decontamination technologies applicable for the removal of As, Cr, Cu, PCP and/or PCDD/F from contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Guemiza
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (Centre Eau, Terre et Environnement), Université du Québec, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, G1 K 9A9, Canada.
| | - Lucie Coudert
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (Centre Eau, Terre et Environnement), Université du Québec, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, G1 K 9A9, Canada.
| | - Sabrine Metahni
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (Centre Eau, Terre et Environnement), Université du Québec, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, G1 K 9A9, Canada.
| | - Guy Mercier
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (Centre Eau, Terre et Environnement), Université du Québec, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, G1 K 9A9, Canada.
| | - Simon Besner
- Institut de recherche d'Hydro-Québec (IREQ), IREQ, 1800, boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC, J3X 1S1, Canada.
| | - Jean-François Blais
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique (Centre Eau, Terre et Environnement), Université du Québec, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, G1 K 9A9, Canada.
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Arslan M, Imran A, Khan QM, Afzal M. Plant-bacteria partnerships for the remediation of persistent organic pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:4322-4336. [PMID: 26139403 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4935-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
High toxicity, bioaccumulation factor and widespread dispersal of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) cause environmental and human health hazards. The combined use of plants and bacteria is a promising approach for the remediation of soil and water contaminated with POPs. Plants provide residency and nutrients to their associated rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria. In return, the bacteria support plant growth by the degradation and detoxification of POPs. Moreover, they improve plant growth and health due to their innate plant growth-promoting mechanisms. This review provides a critical view of factors that affect absorption and translocation of POPs in plants and the limitations that plant have to deal with during the remediation of POPs. Moreover, the synergistic effects of plant-bacteria interactions in the phytoremediation of organic pollutants with special reference to POPs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arslan
- Earth Sciences Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Imran
- Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Qaiser Mahmood Khan
- Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Ivshina I, Kostina L, Krivoruchko A, Kuyukina M, Peshkur T, Anderson P, Cunningham C. Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil spiked with model mixtures of petroleum hydrocarbons and heterocycles using biosurfactants from Rhodococcus ruber IEGM 231. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 312:8-17. [PMID: 27015374 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil using biosurfactants (BS) produced by Rhodococcus ruber IEGM 231 was studied in soil columns spiked with model mixtures of major petroleum constituents. A crystalline mixture of single PAHs (0.63g/kg), a crystalline mixture of PAHs (0.63g/kg) and polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles (PASHs), and an artificially synthesized non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) containing PAHs (3.00g/kg) dissolved in alkanes C10-C19 were used for spiking. Percentage of PAH removal with BS varied from 16 to 69%. Washing activities of BS were 2.5 times greater than those of synthetic surfactant Tween 60 in NAPL-spiked soil and similar to Tween 60 in crystalline-spiked soil. At the same time, amounts of removed PAHs were equal and consisted of 0.3-0.5g/kg dry soil regardless the chemical pattern of a model mixture of petroleum hydrocarbons and heterocycles used for spiking. UV spectra for soil before and after BS treatment were obtained and their applicability for differentiated analysis of PAH and PASH concentration changes in remediated soil was shown. The ratios A254nm/A288nm revealed that BS increased biotreatability of PAH-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Ivshina
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Golev Street, 614081 Perm, Russia; Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Street, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Ludmila Kostina
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Golev Street, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | - Anastasiya Krivoruchko
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Golev Street, 614081 Perm, Russia; Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Street, 614990 Perm, Russia.
| | - Maria Kuyukina
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Golev Street, 614081 Perm, Russia; Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Street, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Tatyana Peshkur
- Strathclyde Eco-Innovation Unit (SEIU), University of Strathclyde, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XQ, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Anderson
- Strathclyde Eco-Innovation Unit (SEIU), University of Strathclyde, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XQ, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Cunningham
- Strathclyde Eco-Innovation Unit (SEIU), University of Strathclyde, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XQ, United Kingdom
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Trellu C, Mousset E, Pechaud Y, Huguenot D, van Hullebusch ED, Esposito G, Oturan MA. Removal of hydrophobic organic pollutants from soil washing/flushing solutions: A critical review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 306:149-174. [PMID: 26707974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The release of hydrophobic organoxenobiotics such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, petroleum hydrocarbons or polychlorobiphenyls results in long-term contamination of soils and groundwaters. This constitutes a common concern as these compounds have high potential toxicological impact. Therefore, the development of cost-effective processes with high pollutant removal efficiency is a major challenge for researchers and soil remediation companies. Soil washing (SW) and soil flushing (SF) processes enhanced by the use of extracting agents (surfactants, biosurfactants, cyclodextrins etc.) are conceivable and efficient approaches. However, this generates high strength effluents containing large amount of extracting agent. For the treatment of these SW/SF solutions, the goal is to remove target pollutants and to recover extracting agents for further SW/SF steps. Heterogeneous photocatalysis, technologies based on Fenton reaction chemistry (including homogeneous photocatalysis such as photo-Fenton), ozonation, electrochemical processes and biological treatments have been investigated. Main advantages and drawbacks as well as target pollutant removal mechanisms are reviewed and compared. Promising integrated treatments, particularly the use of a selective adsorption step of target pollutants and the combination of advanced oxidation processes with biological treatments, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Trellu
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, Marne-la-Vallée, 77454, France
| | - Emmanuel Mousset
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, Marne-la-Vallée, 77454, France
| | - Yoan Pechaud
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, Marne-la-Vallée, 77454, France
| | - David Huguenot
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, Marne-la-Vallée, 77454, France
| | - Eric D van Hullebusch
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, Marne-la-Vallée, 77454, France
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- University of Cassino and the Southern Lazio, Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Via Di Biasio, 43, Cassino, 03043 FR, Italy
| | - Mehmet A Oturan
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), UPEM, Marne-la-Vallée, 77454, France.
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Ogbonnaya OU, Adebisi OO, Semple KT. The impact of biochar on the bioaccessibility of (14)C-phenanthrene in aged soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2014; 16:2635-2643. [PMID: 25277257 DOI: 10.1039/c4em00396a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a carbon rich product from the incomplete combustion of biomass and it has been shown to reduce bioavailability of organic contaminants through adsorption. This study investigated the influence of 0%, 1%, 5% and 10% of two different particle sized wood biochars (≤2 mm and 3-7 mm) on the bioaccessibility of (14)C-phenanthrene (10 mg kg(-1)) in aged soil. The extent of (14)C-phenanthrene mineralisation by phenanthrene-degrading Pseudomonas sp. inoculum was monitored over a 14 day period in respirometric assays and compared to hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) aqueous extraction. Notably, biochar amendments showed significant reduction in extents of mineralisation and HPCD extraction. Linear correlations between HPCD extractability and the total amount mineralised revealed good correlations, with 2 mm biochar showing a best fit (r(2) = 0.97, slope = 1.11, intercept = 1.72). Biochar reduced HPCD extractability and bioaccessibility of (14)C-phenanthrene to microorganisms in a similar manner. Biochar can aid risk reduction to phenanthrene exposure to biota in soil and HPCD can serve as a useful tool to assess the extent of exposure in biochar-amended soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- O U Ogbonnaya
- EcoSystems Environmental Management Services Ltd, 8 Rasheed Alaba Williams Street, Off Admiralty Way, Lekki Peninsula, Lagos, Nigeria.
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Passatore L, Rossetti S, Juwarkar AA, Massacci A. Phytoremediation and bioremediation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): state of knowledge and research perspectives. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 278:189-202. [PMID: 24976127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the bioremediation and phytoremediation technologies proposed so far to detoxify PCB-contaminated sites. A critical analysis about the potential and limits of the PCB pollution treatment strategies by means of plants, fungi and bacteria are elucidated, including the new insights emerged from recent studies on the rhizosphere potential and on the implementation of simultaneous aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation processes. The review describes the biodegradation and phytoremediation processes and elaborates on the environmental variables affecting contaminant degradation rates, summarizing the amendments recommended to enhance PCB degradation. Additionally, issues connected with PCB toxicology, actual field remediation strategies and economical evaluation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Passatore
- Institute of Agro-environment and Forest Biology (IBAF), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy; Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Simona Rossetti
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy
| | - Asha A Juwarkar
- Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Angelo Massacci
- Institute of Agro-environment and Forest Biology (IBAF), National Research Council (CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy.
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Wan J, Chai L, Lu X, Lin Y, Zhang S. Remediation of hexachlorobenzene contaminated soils by rhamnolipid enhanced soil washing coupled with activated carbon selective adsorption. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 189:458-464. [PMID: 21397398 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Revised: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the selective adsorption of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) from rhamnolipid solution by a powdered activated carbon (PAC). A combined soil washing-PAC adsorption technique is further evaluated on the removal of HCB from two soils, a spiked kaolin and a contaminated real soil. PAC at a dosage of 10 g L(-1) could achieve a HCB removal of 80-99% with initial HCB and rhamnolipid concentrations of 1 mg L(-1) and 3.3-25 g L(-1), respectively. The corresponding adsorptive loss of rhamnolipid was 8-19%. Successive soil washing-PAC adsorption tests (new soil sample was subjected to washing for each cycle) showed encouraging leaching and adsorption performances for HCB. When 25 g L(-1) rhamnolipid solution was applied, HCB leaching from soils was 55-71% for three cycles of washing, and HCB removal by PAC was nearly 90%. An overall 86% and 88% removal of HCB were obtained for kaolin and real soil, respectively, by using the combined process to wash one soil sample for twice. Our investigation suggests that coupling AC adsorption with biosurfactant-enhanced soil washing is a promising alternative to remove hydrophobic organic compounds from soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhong Wan
- Environmental Science Research Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
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12
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Dalgren KE, Düker A, Arwidsson Z, von Kronhelm T, van Hees PAW. Re-cycling of remediated soil--evaluation of leaching tests as tools for characterization. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2011; 31:215-224. [PMID: 20117924 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2009.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2009] [Revised: 12/11/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In Sweden, leaching tests with deionized water (D.W.) are utilized in risk assessment of materials entering landfills, but implementation of these results to evaluate the risk of spreading of pollutants in the environment is difficult. One problem is that most leaching procedures only consider heavy metals release, whereas organic pollutants are left out. The aim of the present study was to assess the possible pollutant mitigation in four remediated soils, three with heavy metals and one with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) contamination. The mitigation was evaluated by standardized batch and column leaching tests utilizing three different leaching solutions: D.W., a weak ionic solution (0.001 M CaCl(2)) and an artificially made soil water (ASW). In general, batch leaching tests implied larger contaminant removal than column leaching test, possibly due to the more rough treatment of the soil particles, and guidelines would at times be exceeded by the batch leaching test but not by column leaching tests. Utilization of CaCl(2) was found to release less heavy metal than D.W., whereas the metals mobilized by ASW were removed from solution by the filtration of soil leachates. Low molecular weight PAH was most efficiently mobilized by CaCl(2), while D.W. worked better for high molecular weight PAH. Despite very low initial PAH-concentrations, tap- and groundwater criteria were exceeded by all leaching solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Elgh Dalgren
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center, School of Science and Technology, Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden.
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FUKUSHIMA M, TERASHIMA M, YABUTA H. Interactions between Humic Substances and Hydrophobic Organic Pollutants and Their Applications to Soil Remediation. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2011. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.60.895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masami FUKUSHIMA
- Laboratory of Chemical Resources, Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Motoki TERASHIMA
- Geological Isolation Research and Development Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA)
| | - Hikaru YABUTA
- Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University
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Lebeau T. Bioaugmentation for In Situ Soil Remediation: How to Ensure the Success of Such a Process. SOIL BIOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-19769-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Removal of high concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from contaminated soil by biodiesel. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11783-010-0269-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Subramanian B, Namboodiri V, Khodadoust AP, Dionysiou DD. Extraction of pentachlorophenol from soils using environmentally benign lactic acid solutions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 174:263-269. [PMID: 19800731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2009] [Revised: 07/30/2009] [Accepted: 09/10/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination with pentachlorophenol (PCP) is widespread across the globe. Soil washing/extraction is a common technique to remove this compound. Several soil washing/extraction solutions have been used but a majority of them have the problem of persistence in the environment due to their low biodegradability. Our aim was to investigate mixed solutions of lactic acid and water as potential alternatives to surfactant solutions or organic solvent systems used for the removal of PCP from three soils: montmorillonite, a natural sediment (with organic matter), and the same sediment without organic matter (ignited sediment). This study included the optimization of the concentration of lactic acid in water for maximum extraction efficiency and the determination of linear desorption constants for removal of PCP from the three soils with lactic acid. The effect of soil/sediment organic matter on the extraction efficiency was also studied. Initial experiments showed that 24h was the optimum extraction time. High extraction efficiencies were obtained for montmorillonite (40-80%) and ignited sediment ( approximately 90%). The natural sediment exhibited low PCP extraction due to presence of organic matter, while high desorption coefficient values ( approximately 23 L/kg) were obtained for the ignited sediment. For all soils, a decrease in extraction was observed at higher concentrations of lactic acid. The specific surface area of soil/sediment was also found to be an important factor affecting the extraction of PCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargavi Subramanian
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0071, USA
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18
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Elgh-Dalgren K, Arwidsson Z, Camdzija A, Sjöberg R, Ribé V, Waara S, Allard B, von Kronhelm T, van Hees PAW. Laboratory and pilot scale soil washing of PAH and arsenic from a wood preservation site: changes in concentration and toxicity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 172:1033-1040. [PMID: 19699582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2009] [Revised: 07/22/2009] [Accepted: 07/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Soil washing of a soil with a mixture of both polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and As was evaluated in laboratory and pilot scale, utilizing both single and mixtures of different additives. The highest level of decontamination was achieved with a combination of 0.213 M of the chelating agent MGDA and 3.2 x CMC* of a non-ionic, alkyl glucoside surfactant at pH 12 (Ca(OH)(2)). This combination managed to reach Swedish threshold values within 1 0 min of treatment when performed at elevated temperature (50 degrees C), with initial contaminant concentrations of As=105+/-4 mg/kg and US-EPA PAH(16)=46.0+/-2.3mg/kg. The main mechanisms behind the removal were the pH effect for As and a combination of SOM ionization as a result of high pH and micellar solubilization for PAHs. Implementation of the laboratory results utilizing a pilot scale equipment did not improve the performance, which may be due to the shorter contact time between the washing solution and the particles, or changes in physical characteristics of the leaching solution due to the elevated pressure utilized. The ecotoxicological evaluation, Microtox, demonstrated that all soil washing treatments increased the toxicity of soil leachates, possibly due to increased availability of contaminants and toxicity of soil washing solutions to the test organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Elgh-Dalgren
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center, School of Science and Technology, Orebro University, SE-701 82 Orebro, Sweden.
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Moreno B, Vivas A, Nogales R, Benitez E. Solvent tolerance acquired by Brevibacillus brevis during an olive-waste vermicomposting process. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2009; 72:2109-2114. [PMID: 19665790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2009] [Revised: 05/04/2009] [Accepted: 06/11/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a cultivable, Gram-positive, solvent-resistant bacterium was isolated from vermicomposted olive wastes (VOW). The highest 16S rRNA sequence similarity (99%) was found in Brevibacillus brevis. The genome of the isolate, selected for trichloroethylene (TCE)-tolerance, contained a nucleotide sequence encoding a conserved protein domain (ACR_tran) ascribable to the HAE1-RND family. Members of this family are hydrophobic/amphiphilic efflux pumps largely restricted to Gram-negative bacteria. No DNA sequences of HAE1 transporters were detected in the genome of a reference B. brevis strain isolated from natural soil. Since no cultivable solvent-tolerant bacterium was detected in the unvermicomposted olive waste, a transfer of solvent-resistance genes from Gram-negative bacteria during the vermicomposting process could explain the presence of HAE1 transporters in B. brevis isolated from the vermicompost. Under TCE stress conditions, the acquired nucleotide sequence could be translated into proteins, and the tolerance to solvents is conferred to the bacterium. The isolate was designated as strain BEA1 (EF079071).
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Moreno
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
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Occulti F, Roda GC, Berselli S, Fava F. Sustainable decontamination of an actual-site aged PCB-polluted soil through a biosurfactant-based washing followed by a photocatalytic treatment. Biotechnol Bioeng 2008; 99:1525-34. [PMID: 17969134 DOI: 10.1002/bit.21703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A two phases process consisting of a soya lecithin (SL)-based soil washing process followed by the photocatalytic treatment of resulting effluents was developed and applied at the laboratory scale in the remediation of an actual-site soil historically contaminated by 0.65 g/kg of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Triton X-100 (TX) was employed in the same process as a control surfactant. SL and TX, both applied as 2.25 g/L aqueous solutions, displayed a comparable ability to remove PCBs from the soil. However, SL solution displayed a lower ecotoxicity, a lower ability to mobilize soil constituents and a higher soil detoxification capacity with respect to the TX one. The photocatalytic treatment resulted in marked depletions (from 50% to 70%) of total organic carbon (TOC) and PCBs initially occurring in the SL and TX contaminated effluents. Despite the ability of SL to adversely affect the rate of TOC and PCB photodegradation, higher PCB depletion and dechlorination yields along with lower increases of ecotoxicity were observed in SL-containing effluents with respect to the TX ones at the end of 15 days of treatment. The two phases process developed and tested for the first time in this study seems to have the required features to become, after a proper optimization and scale up, a challenging procedure for the sustainable remediation of actual site, poorly biotreatable PCB-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Occulti
- DICASM, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Quadri G, Chen X, Jawitz JW, Tambone F, Genevini P, Faoro F, Adani F. Biobased surfactant-like molecules from organic wastes: the effect of waste composition and composting process on surfactant properties and on the ability to solubilize Tetrachloroethene (PCE). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2008; 42:2618-2623. [PMID: 18505006 DOI: 10.1021/es702144t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this work, four surfactant-like humic acids (HAs) obtained from garden lignocellulose wastes and kitchen food wastes mixed with garden-lignocellulose wastes, both before and after composting, were tested for surfactant properties and the ability to solubilize tetrachloroethene (PCE). The waste-derived HAs showed good surfactant properties, lowering the water surface tension from 74 mN m(-1) to 45.4 +/- 4.4 mN m(-1), with a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 1.54 +/- 1.68 g L(-1), which is lower than many synthetic ionic surfactants. CMC was affected by both waste origin and composting processes. The addition of food waste and composting reduced CMC by adding alkyl-C (measured by CP MAS 13C NMR) and N- and S-HA contents (amide molecules), so that a multistep regression was found [CMC = 24.6 - 0.189 alkyl C - 2.64 (N + S); R2 = 0.77, P < 0.10, n = 6]. The four HAs solubilized PCE at the rate of 0.18-0.47 g PCE/g aqueous biosurfactant. These results were much higher than those reported in the literature for a commercial HA (0.026 g/g), but they were in line with those measured in this work for nonionic surfactants such as Tween-80 (0.69 g/g) and Triton X-100 (1.08 g/g).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Quadri
- Dipartimento di Produzione Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Federici E, Leonardi V, Giubilei MA, Quaratino D, Spaccapelo R, D'Annibale A, Petruccioli M. Addition of allochthonous fungi to a historically contaminated soil affects both remediation efficiency and bacterial diversity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 77:203-11. [PMID: 17823794 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-1143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2007] [Revised: 06/06/2007] [Accepted: 07/26/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Botryosphaeria rhodina DABAC P82 and Pleurotus pulmonarius CBS 664.97 were tested for their ability to grow and to degrade aromatic hydrocarbons in an aged contaminated soil. To evaluate the impact of indigenous microflora on the overall process, incubations were performed on both fumigated and nonfumigated soils. Fungal colonization by B. rhodina was unexpectedly lower in the fumigated than in the nonfumigated soil while the growth of P. pulmonarius showed an opposite response. Degradation performances and detoxification by both fungi in the nonfumigated soil were markedly higher than those observed in the fumigated one. Heterotrophic bacterial counts in nonfumigated soil augmented with either B. rhodina or P. pulmonarius were significantly higher than those of the corresponding incubation control (6.7 +/- 0.3 x 10(8) and 8.35 +/- 0.6 x 10(8), respectively, vs 9.2 +/- 0.3 x 10(7)). Bacterial communities of both incubation controls and fungal-augmented soil were compared by numerical analysis of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes and cloning and sequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes. Besides increasing overall diversity, fungal augmentation led to considerable qualitative differences with respect to the pristine soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermanno Federici
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Scienze Biochimiche, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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D'Annibale A, Leonardi V, Federici E, Baldi F, Zecchini F, Petruccioli M. Leaching and microbial treatment of a soil contaminated by sulphide ore ashes and aromatic hydrocarbons. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 74:1135-44. [PMID: 17136366 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-006-0749-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2006] [Revised: 10/23/2006] [Accepted: 11/05/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Contaminated soil from a historical industrial site and containing sulfide ore ashes and aromatic hydrocarbons underwent sequential leaching by 0.5 M citrate and microbial treatments. Heavy metals leaching was with the following efficiency scale: Cu (58.7%) > Pb (55.1%) > Zn (44.5%) > Cd (42.9%) > Cr (26.4%) > Ni (17.7%) > Co (14.0%) > As (12.4%) > Fe (5.3%) > Hg (1.1%) and was accompanied by concomitant removal of organic contaminants (about 13%). Leached metals were concentrated into an iron gel, produced during ferric citrate fermentation by the metal-resistant strain BAS-10 of Klebsiella oxytoca. Concomitantly, the acidic leached soil was bioaugmented with Allescheriella sp. DABAC 1, Stachybotrys sp. DABAC 3, Phlebia sp. DABAC 9, Pleurotus pulmonarius CBS 664.97, and Botryosphaeria rhodina DABAC P82. B. rhodina was most effective, leading to a significant depletion of the most abundant contaminants, including 7-H-benz[DE]anthracene-7-one, 9,10-anthracene dione and dichloroaniline isomers, and to a marked detoxification as assessed by the mortality test with the Collembola Folsomia candida Willem. The overall degradation activities of B. rhodina and P. pulmonarius appeared to be significantly enhanced by the preliminary metal removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro D'Annibale
- Dipartimento di Agrobiologia e Agrochimica, University of Tuscia, Via S. C. De Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
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D'Annibale A, Rosetto F, Leonardi V, Federici F, Petruccioli M. Role of autochthonous filamentous fungi in bioremediation of a soil historically contaminated with aromatic hydrocarbons. Appl Environ Microbiol 2006; 72:28-36. [PMID: 16391021 PMCID: PMC1352206 DOI: 10.1128/aem.72.1.28-36.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nine fungal strains isolated from an aged and heavily contaminated soil were identified and screened to assess their degradative potential. Among them, Allescheriella sp. strain DABAC 1, Stachybotrys sp. strain DABAC 3, and Phlebia sp. strain DABAC 9 were selected for remediation trials on the basis of Poly R-478 decolorization associated with lignin-modifying enzyme (LME) production. These autochthonous fungi were tested for the abilities to grow under nonsterile conditions and to degrade various aromatic hydrocarbons in the same contaminated soil. After 30 days, fungal colonization was clearly visible and was confirmed by ergosterol determination. In spite of subalkaline pH conditions and the presence of heavy metals, the autochthonous fungi produced laccase and Mn and lignin peroxidases. No LME activities were detected in control microcosms. All of the isolates led to a marked removal of naphthalene, dichloroaniline isomers, o-hydroxybiphenyl, and 1,1'-binaphthalene. Stachybotrys sp. strain DABAC 3 was the most effective isolate due to its ability to partially deplete the predominant contaminants 9,10-anthracenedione and 7H-benz[DE]anthracen-7-one. A release of chloride ions was observed in soil treated with either Allescheriella sp. strain DABAC 1 or Stachybotrys sp. strain DABAC 3, suggesting the occurrence of oxidative dehalogenation. The autochthonous fungi led to a significant decrease in soil toxicity, as assessed by both the Lepidium sativum L. germination test and the Collembola mortality test.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D'Annibale
- Dipartimento di Agrobiologia e Agrochimica, University of Tuscia, Via S. C. De Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
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Berselli S, Benitez E, Fedi S, Zannoni D, Medici A, Marchetti L, Fava F. Development and assessment of an innovative soil-washing process based on the use of cholic acid-derivatives as pollutant-mobilizing agents. Biotechnol Bioeng 2006; 93:761-70. [PMID: 16304676 DOI: 10.1002/bit.20770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Surfactant-aided soil washing is often proposed for the restoration of aged organic pollutant-contaminated soils. As many of commercial surfactants have been found to be toxic and recalcitrant, the opportunity to use in this process cheap, non-toxic, and biodegradable pollutant-mobilizing agents, such as deoxycholic acid (DA), bovine bile (BB), and the residue resulting from DA extraction from BB (BBR), was studied in this work. A soil historically contaminated by chlorinated anilines and benzenes, thiophenes, and several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was suspended at 15% w/v and washed in water or water amended at 1.0% (w/v) with DA, BB, BBR, or Triton X-100 (TX). The resulting effluents were supplemented with nutrients and subjected to aerobic bioremediation. The biogenic agents enhanced the water pollutant elution potential by 230/440%. TX enhanced the same parameter by about 540%; however, it mediated a lower depletion of the initial soil ecotoxicity and a more extensive mobilization of soil constituents with respect to the biogenic agents. Furthermore, TX adversely affected the biotreatability of resulting effluents, by adversely affecting the growth of cultivable bacterial biomass and the structure of eubacterial community of the effluent. On the contrary, the biogenic agents, and in particular DA and BB, enhanced the effluents bioremediation, by sustaining the growth and increasing the complexity of the effluent eubacterial communities. Thus, DA and BB are very promising additives for an effective and environmental friendly soil washing treatment of aged (chloro)organics contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Berselli
- DICASM, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bologna, viale Risorgimento 2, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
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D'Annibale A, Ricci M, Leonardi V, Quaratino D, Mincione E, Petruccioli M. Degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons by white-rot fungi in a historically contaminated soil. Biotechnol Bioeng 2005; 90:723-31. [PMID: 15858792 DOI: 10.1002/bit.20461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Phanerochaete chrysosporium NRRL 6361 and Pleurotus pulmonarius CBS 664.97 were tested for their ability to grow under nonsterile conditions and to degrade various aromatic hydrocarbons in an aged contaminated soil that also contained high concentrations of heavy metals. After 24 days fungal incubation, carbon-CO2 liberated, an indicator of microbial activity, reached a plateau. At the end of the incubation time (30 days), fungal colonization was clearly visible and was confirmed by ergosterol and cell organic carbon determinations. In spite of unfavorable pH (around 7.4) and the presence of heavy metals, both fungi produced Mn-peroxidase activity. In contrast, laccase and aryl-alcohol oxidase were detected only in the soil treated with P. pulmonarius CBS 664.97 and lignin-peroxidase in that with P. chrysosporium NRRL 6361. No lignin-modifying enzyme activities were present in non-inoculated soil incubated for 30 days (control microcosm). Regardless of the fungus employed, a total removal of naphtalene, tetrachlorobenzene, and dichloroaniline isomers, diphenylether and N-phenyl-1-naphtalenamine, was observed. Significant release of chloride ions was also observed in fungal-treated soil, in comparison with that recorded in the control microcosm. Both fungi led to a significant decrease in soil toxicity, as assessed using two different soil contact assays, including the Lepidium sativum L. germination test and the Collembola mortality test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro D'Annibale
- Dipartimento di Agrobiologia e Agrochimica, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Via S. C. De Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
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El Fantroussi S, Agathos SN. Is bioaugmentation a feasible strategy for pollutant removal and site remediation? Curr Opin Microbiol 2005; 8:268-75. [PMID: 15939349 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2005.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2005] [Accepted: 04/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms can degrade numerous organic pollutants owing to their metabolic machinery and to their capacity to adapt to inhospitable environments. Thus, microorganisms are major players in site remediation. However, their efficiency depends on many factors, including the chemical nature and the concentration of pollutants, their availability to microorganisms, and the physicochemical characteristics of the environment. The capacity of a microbial population to degrade pollutants within an environmental matrix (e.g. soil, sediment, sludge or wastewater) can be enhanced either by stimulation of the indigenous microorganisms by addition of nutrients or electron acceptors (biostimulation) or by the introduction of specific microorganisms to the local population (bioaugmentation). Although it has been practiced in agriculture and in wastewater treatment for years, bioaugmentation is still experimental. Many factors (e.g. predation, competition or sorption) conspire against it. However, several strategies are currently being explored to make bioaugmentation a successful technology in sites that lack significant populations of biodegrading microorganisms. Under optimal local conditions, the rate of pollutant degradation might increase upon addition of an inoculant to remediate a chemical spill; however, the most successful cases of bioaugmentation occur in confined systems, such as bioreactors in which the conditions can be controlled to favour survival and prolonged activity of the exogenous microbial population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saïd El Fantroussi
- Unit of Bioengineering, Catholic University of Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 2/19, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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