1
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Kaiser FK, Hernandez MG, Krüger N, Englund E, Du W, Mykytyn AZ, Raadsen MP, Lamers MM, Rodrigues Ianiski F, Shamorkina TM, Snijder J, Armando F, Beythien G, Ciurkiewicz M, Schreiner T, Gruber-Dujardin E, Bleyer M, Batura O, Erffmeier L, Hinkel R, Rocha C, Mirolo M, Drabek D, Bosch BJ, Emalfarb M, Valbuena N, Tchelet R, Baumgärtner W, Saloheimo M, Pöhlmann S, Grosveld F, Haagmans BL, Osterhaus ADME. Filamentous fungus-produced human monoclonal antibody provides protection against SARS-CoV-2 in hamster and non-human primate models. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2319. [PMID: 38485931 PMCID: PMC10940701 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46443-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies are an increasingly important tool for prophylaxis and treatment of acute virus infections like SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, their use is often restricted due to the time required for development, variable yields and high production costs, as well as the need for adaptation to newly emerging virus variants. Here we use the genetically modified filamentous fungus expression system Thermothelomyces heterothallica (C1), which has a naturally high biosynthesis capacity for secretory enzymes and other proteins, to produce a human monoclonal IgG1 antibody (HuMab 87G7) that neutralises the SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron. Both the mammalian cell and C1 produced HuMab 87G7 broadly neutralise SARS-CoV-2 VOCs in vitro and also provide protection against VOC Omicron in hamsters. The C1 produced HuMab 87G7 is also able to protect against the Delta VOC in non-human primates. In summary, these findings show that the C1 expression system is a promising technology platform for the development of HuMabs in preventive and therapeutic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska K Kaiser
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mariana Gonzalez Hernandez
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nadine Krüger
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ellinor Englund
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Wenjuan Du
- Virology Section, Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anna Z Mykytyn
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mathijs P Raadsen
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mart M Lamers
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Francine Rodrigues Ianiski
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tatiana M Shamorkina
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Snijder
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Federico Armando
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Georg Beythien
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Ciurkiewicz
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tom Schreiner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Eva Gruber-Dujardin
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martina Bleyer
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Olga Batura
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lena Erffmeier
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rabea Hinkel
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Cheila Rocha
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Monica Mirolo
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dubravka Drabek
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands and Harbour BioMed, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Berend-Jan Bosch
- Virology Section, Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Markku Saloheimo
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Stefan Pöhlmann
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank Grosveld
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands and Harbour BioMed, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bart L Haagmans
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Albert D M E Osterhaus
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis, University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation, Hannover, Germany.
- Global Virus Network, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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2
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Jia L, Zhao L, Qin B, Lu F, Liu D, Liu F. Enhancement of rice husks saccharification through hydrolase preparation assisted by lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 171:110319. [PMID: 37672961 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Rice husk is an abundant agricultural waste generated from rice production, but its application is limited. Considering its complex components, the rice husk was hydrolyzed by different enzymes to enhance its saccharification. In this study, saccharification of the rice husk by cellulase, xylosidase, and xylanase was first investigated. The synergistic effect of LPMO on the above hydrolases and different enzyme combinations in the saccharification process was then explored. Thereafter, the formulation of the enzyme cocktail and the degradation conditions were optimized to obtain the highest saccharification efficiency. The results showed that the optimum enzyme cocktail consists of Celluclast 1.5 L (83.3 mg/g substrate), the key enzymes in the saccharification process, worked with BpXyl (20 mg/g substrate), BpXyn11 (24 mg/g substrate), and R17L/N25G (4 mg/g substrate). The highest reducing sugar concentration (1.19 mg/mL) was obtained at pH 6.0 and 60 ℃ for 24 h. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were employed to characterize the structural changes in the rice husk after degradation. The results showed that the key chemical bonds in cellulose and hemicellulose were broken. This study illuminated the concept of saccharifying lignocellulose from rice husk using LPMO synergistically assisted combined-hydrolase including cellulase, xylosidase, and xylanase, and provided a theoretical basis for lignocellulose biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jia
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Lei Zhao
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Bo Qin
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Fuping Lu
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Dingkuo Liu
- Tianjin Enterprise Key Laboratory of Biological Feed Additives, Tianjin 300111, PR China
| | - Fufeng Liu
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
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3
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Gao L, Yu Z, Wang S, Hou Y, Zhang S, Zhou C, Wu X. A new paradigm in lignocellulolytic enzyme cocktail optimization: Free from expert-level prior knowledge and experimental datasets. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 388:129758. [PMID: 37717701 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Effectively pairing diverse lignocellulolytic enzyme cocktails with intricately structured lignocellulosic substrates is an enduring challenge for science and technology. To date, extensive trial-and-error remains the primary approach and no deep-learning methods were developed to address it due to limited experimental data and incomplete expert-level knowledge of enzyme-cocktail-substrate structure-dynamics-function relationships. Here, a novel model is developed to tackle this issue in efficient, cost-effective, and high-throughput manners. It needs no pre-labeled datasets, instead utilizing simple features, eliminating the reliance on expert-level prior knowledge of reaction mechanisms. Experimentally optimal combinations were found within predicted ranges of tailor-made combinations with precision of 91.98%, covering 80.00% of overall top-100. Practical tests demonstrated its effectiveness in narrowing down potential optimal combinations, speeding up targeted screening, and enabling efficient degradation of lignocellulosic biomass. The method has good applications in artificial proteins biosynthesis from low-value lignocellulosic straw, providing alternative solutions for biomass biorefining challenges in complex enzyme-cocktail-substrate interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Gao
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Zhuohang Yu
- School of Engineering, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, China
| | - Shengjie Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yuejie Hou
- School of Engineering, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, China
| | - Shouchang Zhang
- School of Engineering, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, China
| | - Chichun Zhou
- School of Engineering, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, China.
| | - Xin Wu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China.
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4
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Raj VA, Sankar K, Narayanasamy P, Moorthy IG, Sivakumar N, Rajaram SK, Karuppiah P, Shaik MR, Alwarthan A, Oh TH, Shaik B. Development and Characterization of Bio-Based Composite Films for Food Packing Applications Using Boiled Rice Water and Pistacia vera Shells. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3456. [PMID: 37631514 PMCID: PMC10457870 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Customer demand for natural packaging materials in the food industry has increased. Biocomposite films developed using boiled rice water could be an eco-friendly and cost-effective packaging product in the future. This study reports the development of bio-based films using waste materials, such as boiled rice water (matrix) and Pistacia vera shells (reinforcement material), using an adapted solution casting method. Several film combinations were developed using various concentrations of plasticizing agent (sorbitol), thickening agent (oil and agar), and stabilizing agents (Arabic gum, corn starch, and Pistacia vera shell powder). Various packaging properties of the film were analyzed and examined to select the best bio-based film for food packaging applications. The film fabricated with Pistacia vera shell powder in the biocomposite film exhibited a reduced water solubility, swelling index, and moisture content, as compared to polyethene packaging material, whereas the biocomposite film exhibited poor antimicrobial properties, high vapor transmission rate, and high biodegradability rate. The packaging properties and characterization of the film indicated that the boiled rice water film with Pistacia vera shell powder was suitable for packaging material applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinnarasi A. Raj
- Department of Biotechnology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, K. Vellakulam, Virudhunagar 625701, Tamil Nadu, India; (V.A.R.); (K.S.)
| | - Karthikumar Sankar
- Department of Biotechnology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, K. Vellakulam, Virudhunagar 625701, Tamil Nadu, India; (V.A.R.); (K.S.)
| | - Pandiarajan Narayanasamy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, K. Vellakulam, Virudhunagar 625701, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Innasi Ganesh Moorthy
- School of Chemical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Natesan Sivakumar
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Shyam Kumar Rajaram
- Department of Biotechnology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, K. Vellakulam, Virudhunagar 625701, Tamil Nadu, India; (V.A.R.); (K.S.)
| | - Ponmurugan Karuppiah
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Rafi Shaik
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdulrahman Alwarthan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Tae Hwan Oh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Baji Shaik
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
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5
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Daddaoua A, Álvarez C, Oggerin M, Rodriguez N, Duque E, Amils R, Armengaud J, Segura A, Ramos JL. Rio Tinto as a niche for acidophilus enzymes of industrial relevance. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:1069-1086. [PMID: 36748404 PMCID: PMC10128141 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic residues are amongst the most abundant waste products on Earth. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in the utilization of these residues for bioethanol production and for biorefineries to produce compounds of industrial interest. Enzymes that breakdown cellulose and hemicellulose into oligomers and monosaccharides are required in these processes and cellulolytic enzymes with optimum activity at a low pH area are desirable for industrial processes. Here, we explore the fungal biodiversity of Rıo Tinto, the largest acidic ecosystem on Earth, as far as the secretion of cellulolytic enzymes is concerned. Using colorimetric and industrial substrates, we show that a high proportion of the fungi present in this extremophilic environment secrete a wide range of enzymes that are able to hydrolyze cellulose and hemicellulose at acidic pH (4.5-5). Shotgun proteomic analysis of the secretomes of some of these fungi has identified different cellulases and hemicellulolytic enzymes as well as a number of auxiliary enzymes. Supplementation of pre-industrial cocktails from Myceliophtora with Rio Tinto secretomes increased the amount of monosaccharides released from corn stover or sugar cane straw. We conclude that the Rio Tinto fungi display a good variety of hydrolytic enzymes with high industrial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelali Daddaoua
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Consolación Álvarez
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis (CSIC-US), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, CIC Cartuja, Seville, Spain
| | - Monika Oggerin
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Rodriguez
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Torrejón de Ardoz, Spain
| | - Estrella Duque
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ-CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Ricardo Amils
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Torrejón de Ardoz, Spain
| | - Jean Armengaud
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Ana Segura
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ-CSIC), Granada, Spain
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Prasongsuk S, Bankeeree W, Lotrakul P, Abd‐Aziz S, Punnapayak H. Biological Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass. BIOREFINERY OF OIL PRODUCING PLANTS FOR VALUE‐ADDED PRODUCTS 2022:161-177. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527830756.ch9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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7
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Keresztes G, Baer M, Alfenito MR, Verwoerd TC, Kovalchuk A, Wiebe MG, Andersen TK, Saloheimo M, Tchelet R, Kensinger R, Grødeland G, Emalfarb M. The Highly Productive Thermothelomyces heterothallica C1 Expression System as a Host for Rapid Development of Influenza Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10020148. [PMID: 35214607 PMCID: PMC8877961 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Influenza viruses constantly change and evade prior immune responses, forcing seasonal re-vaccinations with updated vaccines. Current FDA-approved vaccine manufacturing technologies are too slow and/or expensive to quickly adapt to mid-season changes in the virus or to the emergence of pandemic strains. Therefore, cost-effective vaccine technologies that can quickly adapt to newly emerged strains are desirable. (2) The filamentous fungal host Thermothelomyces heterothallica C1 (C1, formerly Myceliophthora thermophila) offers a highly efficient and cost-effective alternative to reliably produce immunogens of vaccine quality at large scale. (3) We showed the utility of the C1 system expressing hemagglutinin (HA) and a HA fusion protein from different H1N1 influenza A virus strains. Mice vaccinated with the C1-derived HA proteins elicited anti-HA immune responses similar, or stronger than mice vaccinated with HA products derived from prototypical expression systems. A challenge study demonstrated that vaccinated mice were protected against the aggressive homologous viral challenge. (4) The C1 expression system is proposed as part of a set of protein expression systems for plug-and-play vaccine manufacturing platforms. Upon the emergence of pathogens of concern these platforms could serve as a quick solution for producing enough vaccines for immunizing the world population in a much shorter time and more affordably than is possible with current platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Keresztes
- Dyadic International Inc., 140 Intracoastal Pointe Drive, Suite 404, Jupiter, FL 33477, USA; (G.K.); (T.C.V.); (R.T.)
| | - Mark Baer
- EnGen Bio LLC, 61 Avondale Ave., Redwood City, CA 94062, USA; (M.B.); (M.R.A.)
| | - Mark R. Alfenito
- EnGen Bio LLC, 61 Avondale Ave., Redwood City, CA 94062, USA; (M.B.); (M.R.A.)
| | - Theo C. Verwoerd
- Dyadic International Inc., 140 Intracoastal Pointe Drive, Suite 404, Jupiter, FL 33477, USA; (G.K.); (T.C.V.); (R.T.)
| | - Andriy Kovalchuk
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, 02044 Espoo, Finland; (A.K.); (M.G.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Marilyn G. Wiebe
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, 02044 Espoo, Finland; (A.K.); (M.G.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Tor Kristian Andersen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0027 Oslo, Norway; (T.K.A.); (G.G.)
| | - Markku Saloheimo
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, 02044 Espoo, Finland; (A.K.); (M.G.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Ronen Tchelet
- Dyadic International Inc., 140 Intracoastal Pointe Drive, Suite 404, Jupiter, FL 33477, USA; (G.K.); (T.C.V.); (R.T.)
| | - Richard Kensinger
- Sanofi Pasteur, 1541 Ave. Marcel Mérieux, 69280 Marcy l’Etoile, France;
| | - Gunnveig Grødeland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0027 Oslo, Norway; (T.K.A.); (G.G.)
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, 0027 Oslo, Norway
| | - Mark Emalfarb
- Dyadic International Inc., 140 Intracoastal Pointe Drive, Suite 404, Jupiter, FL 33477, USA; (G.K.); (T.C.V.); (R.T.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Wang Y, Liu R, Liu H, Li X, Shen L, Zhang W, Song X, Liu W, Liu X, Zhong Y. Development of a powerful synthetic hybrid promoter to improve the cellulase system of Trichoderma reesei for efficient saccharification of corncob residues. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:5. [PMID: 34983541 PMCID: PMC8725555 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01727-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei is a widely used workhorse for cellulase production in industry due to its prominent secretion capacity of extracellular cellulolytic enzymes. However, some key components are not always sufficient in this cellulase cocktail, making the conversion of cellulose-based biomass costly on the industrial scale. Development of strong and efficient promoters would enable cellulase cocktail to be optimized for bioconversion of biomass. Results In this study, a synthetic hybrid promoter was constructed and applied to optimize the cellulolytic system of T. reesei for efficient saccharification towards corncob residues. Firstly, a series of 5’ truncated promoters in different lengths were established based on the strong constitutive promoter Pcdna1. The strongest promoter amongst them was Pcdna1-3 (− 640 to − 1 bp upstream of the translation initiation codon ATG), exhibiting a 1.4-fold higher activity than that of the native cdna1 promoter. Meanwhile, the activation region (− 821 to − 622 bp upstream of the translation initiation codon ATG and devoid of the Cre1-binding sites) of the strong inducible promoter Pcbh1 was cloned and identified to be an amplifier in initiating gene expression. Finally, this activation region was fused to the strongest promoter Pcdna1-3, generating the novel synthetic hybrid promoter Pcc. This engineered promoter Pcc drove strong gene expression by displaying 1.6- and 1.8-fold stronger fluorescence intensity than Pcbh1 and Pcdna1 under the inducible condition using egfp as the reporter gene, respectively. Furthermore, Pcc was applied to overexpress the Aspergillus niger β-glucosidase BGLA coding gene bglA and the native endoglucanase EG2 coding gene eg2, achieving 43.5-fold BGL activity and 1.2-fold EG activity increase, respectively. Ultimately, to overcome the defects of the native cellulase system in T. reesei, the bglA and eg2 were co-overexpressed under the control of Pcc promoter. The bglA-eg2 double expression strain QPEB70 exhibited a 178% increase in total cellulase activity, whose cellulase system displayed 2.3- and 2.4-fold higher saccharification efficiency towards acid-pretreated and delignified corncob residues than the parental strain, respectively. Conclusions The synthetic hybrid promoter Pcc was generated and employed to improve the cellulase system of T. reesei by expressing specific components. Therefore, construction of synthetic hybrid promoters would allow particular cellulase genes to be expressed at desired levels, which is a viable strategy to optimize the cellulolytic enzyme system for efficient biomass bioconversion. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-021-01727-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xihai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Linjing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Weican Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yaohua Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Abstract
Abstract
The serious issue of textile waste accumulation has raised attention on biodegradability as a possible route to support sustainable consumption of textile fibers. However, synthetic textile fibers that dominate the market, especially poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), resist biological degradation, creating environmental and waste management challenges. Because pure natural fibers, like cotton, both perform well for consumer textiles and generally meet certain standardized biodegradability criteria, inspiration from the mechanisms involved in natural biodegradability are leading to new discoveries and developments in biologically accelerated textile waste remediation for both natural and synthetic fibers. The objective of this review is to present a multidisciplinary perspective on the essential bio-chemo-physical requirements for textile materials to undergo biodegradation, taking into consideration the impact of environmental or waste management process conditions on biodegradability outcomes. Strategies and recent progress in enhancing synthetic textile fiber biodegradability are reviewed, with emphasis on performance and biodegradability behavior of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) as an alternative biobased, biodegradable apparel textile fiber, and on biological strategies for addressing PET waste, including industrial enzymatic hydrolysis to generate recyclable monomers. Notably, while pure PET fibers do not biodegrade within the timeline of any standardized conditions, recent developments with process intensification and engineered enzymes show that higher enzymatic recycling efficiency for PET polymer has been achieved compared to cellulosic materials. Furthermore, combined with alternative waste management practices, such as composting, anaerobic digestion and biocatalyzed industrial reprocessing, the development of synthetic/natural fiber blends and other strategies are creating opportunities for new biodegradable and recyclable textile fibers.
Article Highlights
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) leads other synthetic textile fibers in meeting both performance and biodegradation criteria.
Recent research with poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) polymer shows potential for efficient enzyme catalyzed industrial recycling.
Synthetic/natural fiber blends and other strategies could open opportunities for new biodegradable and recyclable textile fibers.
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Bhardwaj N, Kumar B, Agrawal K, Verma P. Current perspective on production and applications of microbial cellulases: a review. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:95. [PMID: 38650192 PMCID: PMC10992179 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential of cellulolytic enzymes has been widely studied and explored for bioconversion processes and plays a key role in various industrial applications. Cellulase, a key enzyme for cellulose-rich waste feedstock-based biorefinery, has increasing demand in various industries, e.g., paper and pulp, juice clarification, etc. Also, there has been constant progress in developing new strategies to enhance its production, such as the application of waste feedstock as the substrate for the production of individual or enzyme cocktails, process parameters control, and genetic manipulations for enzyme production with enhanced yield, efficiency, and specificity. Further, an insight into immobilization techniques has also been presented for improved reusability of cellulase, a critical factor that controls the cost of the enzyme at an industrial scale. In addition, the review also gives an insight into the status of the significant application of cellulase in the industrial sector, with its techno-economic analysis for future applications. The present review gives a complete overview of current perspectives on the production of microbial cellulases as a promising tool to develop a sustainable and greener concept for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Bhardwaj
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Bikash Kumar
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Komal Agrawal
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Pradeep Verma
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India.
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Waghmare PR, Waghmare PP, Gao L, Sun W, Qin Y, Liu G, Qu Y. Efficient Constitutive Expression of Cellulolytic Enzymes in Penicillium oxalicum for Improved Efficiency of Lignocellulose Degradation. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:740-746. [PMID: 33746194 PMCID: PMC9705867 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2101.01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Efficient cellulolytic enzyme production is important for the development of lignocellulose-degrading enzyme mixtures. However, purification of cellulases from their native hosts is time- and labor-consuming. In this study, a constitutive expression system was developed in Penicillium oxalicum for the secreted production of proteins. Using a constitutive polyubiquitin gene promoter and cultivating with glucose as the sole carbon source, nine cellulolytic enzymes of different origins with relatively high purity were produced within 48 h. When supplemented to a commercial cellulase preparation, cellobiohydrolase I from P. funiculosum and cellobiohydrolase II from Talaromyces verruculosus showed remarkable enhancing effects on the hydrolysis of steam-exploded corn stover. Additionally, a synergistic effect was observed for these two cellobiohydrolases during the hydrolysis. Taken together, the constitutive expression system provides a convenient tool for the production of cellulolytic enzymes, which is expected to be useful in the development of highly efficient lignocellulose-degrading enzyme mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liwei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Shandong 266237, P. R. China,Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong 266101, P. R. China
| | - Wan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Shandong 266237, P. R. China,National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Shandong 266237, P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Shandong 266237, P. R. China,National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Shandong 266237, P. R. China
| | - Guodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Shandong 266237, P. R. China,National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Shandong 266237, P. R. China,Corresponding author Phone: +86-532-58632406 Fax: +86-532-58631501 E-mail:
| | - Yinbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Shandong 266237, P. R. China,National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Shandong 266237, P. R. China
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Sinitsyn AP, Sinitsyna OA. Bioconversion of Renewable Plant Biomass. Second-Generation Biofuels: Raw Materials, Biomass Pretreatment, Enzymes, Processes, and Cost Analysis. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2021; 86:S166-S195. [PMID: 33827407 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921140121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The review discusses various aspects of renewable plant biomass conversion and production of the second-generation biofuels, including the types of plant biomass, its composition and reaction ability in the enzymatic hydrolysis, and various pretreatment methods for increasing the biomass reactivity. Conversion of plant biomass into sugars requires the use of a complex of enzymes, the composition of which should be adapted to the biomass type and the pretreatment method. The efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis can be increased by optimizing the composition of the enzymatic complex and by increasing the catalytic activity and operational stability of its constituent enzymes. The availability of active enzyme producers also plays an important role. Examples of practical implementation and scaling of processes for the production of second-generation biofuels are presented together with the cost analysis of bioethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadij P Sinitsyn
- Bakh Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia. .,Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Olga A Sinitsyna
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Patel A, Shah AR. Integrated lignocellulosic biorefinery: Gateway for production of second generation ethanol and value added products. JOURNAL OF BIORESOURCES AND BIOPRODUCTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Zhao L, Wang Z, Ren HY, Chen C, Nan J, Cao GL, Yang SS, Ren NQ. Residue cornstalk derived biochar promotes direct bio-hydrogen production from anaerobic fermentation of cornstalk. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124338. [PMID: 33157449 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an innovative approach was proposed based on the implement of biochar derived from residue cornstalk left after anaerobic bio-hydrogen production (RCA-biochar) to improve direct bio-hydrogen production from anaerobic fermentation of cornstalk. The bio-hydrogen production potential and maximum bio-hydrogen production rate increased from 156.2 to 286.1 mL H2/g substrate and 3.5 to 5.7 mL H2/g substrate/h, respectively, following the added RCA-biochar increased from 2.5 to 15.0 g/L. Cornstalk chemical component analysis showed the cellulose and hemicellulose content decreased by 17.9-33.7% and 14.4-25.2%, and lignin content increased by 20.3-42.8%, respectively, after 96 h anaerobic fermentation with RCA-biochar 2.5-15.0 g/L. Further analyses revealed that RCA-biochar not only provided more specific surface area for hydrogen-producing bacteria attachment, but also promoted the cellulolytic enzyme activity, thereby resulted in increased substrate conversion to bio-hydrogen.The findings obtained in this study may provide supports for effective and sustainable lignocellulosic bio-hydrogen production in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Hong-Yu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Jun Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Guang-Li Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Shan-Shan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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Vats A, Mishra S. Laccase isoform diversity on basal medium in Cyathus bulleri and role in decolorization/detoxification of textile dyes and effluent. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:164. [PMID: 33000328 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02939-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Laccases (EC 1.10.3.2) are multi-copper oxidases that can degrade several xenobiotics, including textile dyes. Present study investigated the nature of laccase isoforms induced by 2,6-dimethylaniline in Cyathus bulleri cultivated on basal salt medium. Two isoforms, LacI and LacII were identified and purified by a combination of ultrafiltration and ion-exchange chromatography. The MS spectrum of the two proteins displayed a number of non-identical and identical molecular peaks (m/z), and, the latter were mapped to protein originating from the previously reported Laccase (Lcc) 1 gene. The LacI isoform exhibited higher catalytic efficiency (Kcat/Km) towards 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, guaiacol and pyrogallol and was tolerant to high levels of chloride ions and resistant to EDTA. Higher decolorization of several dyes such as Direct Scarlet B (67%), Reactive Brilliant blue-R (96%), Direct Orange 34 (50%) and Reactive Red198 (95%) by the LacI isoform makes it a good candidate for degradation of synthetic dyes. The decolorization of Direct Orange 34 by laccases is being reported for the first time. Many of the properties exhibited by this isoform make it a good candidate for large scale production and applications for use in the dyeing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vats
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - S Mishra
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz-Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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Wen Z, Ma Z, Mai F, Yan F, Yu L, Jin M, Sang Y, Bai Y, Cui K, Wu K, Chen M, Chen H, Li Y. Catalytic ethanolysis of microcrystalline cellulose over a sulfonated hydrothermal carbon catalyst. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Østby H, Hansen LD, Horn SJ, Eijsink VGH, Várnai A. Enzymatic processing of lignocellulosic biomass: principles, recent advances and perspectives. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 47:623-657. [PMID: 32840713 PMCID: PMC7658087 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-020-02301-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Efficient saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass requires concerted development of a pretreatment method, an enzyme cocktail and an enzymatic process, all of which are adapted to the feedstock. Recent years have shown great progress in most aspects of the overall process. In particular, increased insights into the contributions of a wide variety of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes have improved the enzymatic processing step and brought down costs. Here, we review major pretreatment technologies and different enzyme process setups and present an in-depth discussion of the various enzyme types that are currently in use. We pay ample attention to the role of the recently discovered lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), which have led to renewed interest in the role of redox enzyme systems in lignocellulose processing. Better understanding of the interplay between the various enzyme types, as they may occur in a commercial enzyme cocktail, is likely key to further process improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Østby
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Aas, Norway
| | - Line Degn Hansen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Aas, Norway
| | - Svein J Horn
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Aas, Norway
| | - Vincent G H Eijsink
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Aas, Norway
| | - Anikó Várnai
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Aas, Norway.
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Tournier V, Topham CM, Gilles A, David B, Folgoas C, Moya-Leclair E, Kamionka E, Desrousseaux ML, Texier H, Gavalda S, Cot M, Guémard E, Dalibey M, Nomme J, Cioci G, Barbe S, Chateau M, André I, Duquesne S, Marty A. An engineered PET depolymerase to break down and recycle plastic bottles. Nature 2020; 580:216-219. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2149-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 114.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Liu F, Wang Z, Manglekar RR, Geng A. Enhanced cellulase production through random mutagenesis of Talaromyces pinophilus OPC4-1 and fermentation optimization. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Contreras F, Pramanik S, M. Rozhkova A, N. Zorov I, Korotkova O, P. Sinitsyn A, Schwaneberg U, D. Davari M. Engineering Robust Cellulases for Tailored Lignocellulosic Degradation Cocktails. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1589. [PMID: 32111065 PMCID: PMC7084875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is a most promising feedstock in the production of second-generation biofuels. Efficient degradation of lignocellulosic biomass requires a synergistic action of several cellulases and hemicellulases. Cellulases depolymerize cellulose, the main polymer of the lignocellulosic biomass, to its building blocks. The production of cellulase cocktails has been widely explored, however, there are still some main challenges that enzymes need to overcome in order to develop a sustainable production of bioethanol. The main challenges include low activity, product inhibition, and the need to perform fine-tuning of a cellulase cocktail for each type of biomass. Protein engineering and directed evolution are powerful technologies to improve enzyme properties such as increased activity, decreased product inhibition, increased thermal stability, improved performance in non-conventional media, and pH stability, which will lead to a production of more efficient cocktails. In this review, we focus on recent advances in cellulase cocktail production, its current challenges, protein engineering as an efficient strategy to engineer cellulases, and our view on future prospects in the generation of tailored cellulases for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Contreras
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Subrata Pramanik
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Aleksandra M. Rozhkova
- Federal Research Centre «Fundamentals of Biotechnology» of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan N. Zorov
- Federal Research Centre «Fundamentals of Biotechnology» of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Korotkova
- Federal Research Centre «Fundamentals of Biotechnology» of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Arkady P. Sinitsyn
- Federal Research Centre «Fundamentals of Biotechnology» of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mehdi D. Davari
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Ligninolytic Enzymes Mediated Ligninolysis: An Untapped Biocatalytic Potential to Deconstruct Lignocellulosic Molecules in a Sustainable Manner. Catal Letters 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-019-03096-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Adsul M, Sandhu SK, Singhania RR, Gupta R, Puri SK, Mathur A. Designing a cellulolytic enzyme cocktail for the efficient and economical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to biofuels. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 133:109442. [PMID: 31874688 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Concerns about dwindling fossil fuels and their unfavorable environmental impacts shifted the global focus towards the development of biofuels from lignocellulosic feedstocks. The structure of this biomass is very complex due to which variety of enzymes (cellulolytic, hemicellulolytic, auxiliary/AA9) and proteins (e.g. swollenin) required for efficient deconstruction. Major impediments in large-scale commercial production of cellulosic ethanol are the cost of cellulases and inability of any single microorganism to produce all cellulolytic components in sufficient titers. In the recent past, various methods for reducing the enzyme cost during cellulosic ethanol production have been attempted. These include designing optimal synergistic enzyme blends/cocktail, having certain ratios of enzymes from different microbial sources, for efficient hydrolysis of pretreated biomass. However, the mechanisms underlying the development, strategies for production and evaluation of optimal cellulolytic cocktails still remain unclear. This article aims to explore the technical and economic benefits of using cellulolytic enzyme cocktail, basic enzymatic and non-enzymatic components required for its development and various strategies employed for efficient cellulolytic cocktail preparation. Consideration was also given to the ways of evaluation of commercially available and in-house developed cocktails. Discussion about commercially available cellulolytic cocktails, current challenges and possible avenues in the development of cellulolytic cocktails included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukund Adsul
- DBT-IOC Centre for Advanced Bioenergy Research, R & D Centre, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, Sector-13, Faridabad 121007, India.
| | - Simranjeet Kaur Sandhu
- DBT-IOC Centre for Advanced Bioenergy Research, R & D Centre, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, Sector-13, Faridabad 121007, India
| | - Reeta Rani Singhania
- DBT-IOC Centre for Advanced Bioenergy Research, R & D Centre, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, Sector-13, Faridabad 121007, India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- DBT-IOC Centre for Advanced Bioenergy Research, R & D Centre, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, Sector-13, Faridabad 121007, India
| | - Suresh K Puri
- DBT-IOC Centre for Advanced Bioenergy Research, R & D Centre, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, Sector-13, Faridabad 121007, India
| | - Anshu Mathur
- DBT-IOC Centre for Advanced Bioenergy Research, R & D Centre, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, Sector-13, Faridabad 121007, India
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Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose using extracts from insects. Carbohydr Res 2019; 485:107811. [PMID: 31526927 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.107811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The use of Zophobas morio extracts in the aspect of cellulose hydrolysis is presented for the first time. The aim of this study was to investigate the action of enzymes obtained from Z. morio on cellulose hydrolysis and to determine their influence on the structural properties of cellulose with use the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Cellulose hydrolysis products were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This analysis indicated that microcrystalline cellulose with smaller particle size was more susceptible to enzymatically treatment. Moreover, our investigation of cellulase activity showed a different profile of the used enzyme during particular developmental stages of Z. morio. Midgut extracts obtained from adult insects are more effective in degrading cellulose than extracts from larvae. The analysis of cellulose hydrolysis confirms that the efficiency of this reaction also depends on the structure of cellulosic materials and internal conditions of enzymatic reaction. In this study the cellulolytic activity of Z. morio midgut extracts showed that these insects could be valuable sources of cellulases.
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Bashir Z, Sheng L, Anil A, Lali A, Minton NP, Zhang Y. Engineering Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius for direct utilisation of holocellulose from wheat straw. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:199. [PMID: 31452680 PMCID: PMC6701081 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1540-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A consolidated bioprocessing (CBP), where lignocellulose is converted into the desired product(s) in a single fermentative step without the addition of expensive degradative enzymes, represents the ideal solution of renewable routes to chemicals and fuels. Members of the genus Geobacillus are able to grow at elevated temperatures and are able to utilise a wide range of oligosaccharides derived from lignocellulose. This makes them ideally suited to the development of CBP. RESULTS In this study, we engineered Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius NCIMB 11955 to utilise lignocellulosic biomass, in the form of nitric acid/ammonia treated wheat straw to which expensive hydrolytic enzymes had not been added. Two different strains, BZ9 and BZ10, were generated by integrating the cglT (β-1,4-glucosidase) gene from Thermoanaerobacter brockii into the genome, and localising genes encoding different cellulolytic enzymes on autonomous plasmids. The plasmid of strain BZ10 carried a synthetic cellulosomal operon comprising the celA (Endoglucanase A) gene from Clostridium thermocellum and cel6B (Exoglucanase) from Thermobifida fusca; whereas, strain BZ9 contained a plasmid encoding the celA (multidomain cellulase) gene from Caldicellulosiruptor bescii. All of the genes were successfully expressed, and their encoded products secreted in a functionally active form, as evidenced by their detection in culture supernatants by Western blotting and enzymatic assay. In the case of the C. bescii CelA enzyme, this is one of the first times that the heterologous production of this multi-functional enzyme has been achieved in a heterologous host. Both strains (BZ9 and BZ10) exhibited improved growth on pre-treated wheat straw, achieving a higher final OD600 and producing greater numbers of viable cells. To demonstrate that cellulosic ethanol can be produced directly from lignocellulosic biomass by a single organism, we established our consortium of hydrolytic enzymes in a previously engineered ethanologenic G. thermoglucosidasius strain, LS242. We observed approximately twofold and 1.6-fold increase in ethanol production in the recombinant G. thermoglucosidasius equivalent to BZ9 and BZ10, respectively, compared to G. thermoglucosidasius LS242 strain at 24 h of growth. CONCLUSION We engineered G. thermoglucosidasius to utilise a real-world lignocellulosic biomass substrate and demonstrated that cellulosic ethanol can be produced directly from lignocellulosic biomass in one step. Direct conversion of biomass into desired products represents a new paradigm for CBP, offering the potential for carbon neutral, cost-effective production of sustainable chemicals and fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeenat Bashir
- Clostridia Research Group, BBSRC/EPSRC Synthetic Biology Research Centre (SBRC), School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
| | - Lili Sheng
- Clostridia Research Group, BBSRC/EPSRC Synthetic Biology Research Centre (SBRC), School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
| | - Annamma Anil
- DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parikh Marg, Mumbai, 400019 India
| | - Arvind Lali
- DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parikh Marg, Mumbai, 400019 India
| | - Nigel P. Minton
- Clostridia Research Group, BBSRC/EPSRC Synthetic Biology Research Centre (SBRC), School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
| | - Ying Zhang
- Clostridia Research Group, BBSRC/EPSRC Synthetic Biology Research Centre (SBRC), School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
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Liuzzi F, Mastrolitti S, De Bari I. Hydrolysis of Corn Stover by Talaromyces cellulolyticus Enzymes: Evaluation of the Residual Enzymes Activities Through the Process. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 188:690-705. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-02946-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Du J, Zhang X, Li X, Zhao J, Liu G, Gao B, Qu Y. The cellulose binding region in Trichoderma reesei cellobiohydrolase I has a higher capacity in improving crystalline cellulose degradation than that of Penicillium oxalicum. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 266:19-25. [PMID: 29940438 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Commercial cellulase preparations for lignocellulose bioconversion are mainly produced by the fungus Trichoderma reesei. The maximum cellulose conversion of T. reesei cellulase mixture was 15%-20% higher than that of Penicillium oxalicum in the hydrolysis of corncob residue and Avicel. Nevertheless, both preparations hydrolyzed more than 92% of cellulose in NaOH-mercerized Avicel. When added to Avicel hydrolysis residue that was less reactive to P. oxalicum cellulases, cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) from T. reesei resulted in a higher cellulose conversion than its homologous proteins from P. oxalicum and Aspergillus niger at the same protein loadings. Further domain exchange experiment attributed the high hydrolytic efficiency of T. reesei CBH I to its inter-domain linker and cellulose-binding domain. The results in part explained the superior performance of T. reesei cellulases on the degradation of native crystalline cellulose, and highlighted the important role of cellulose-binding region in determining the degree of hydrolysis by cellulases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xuezhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, PR China
| | - Guodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, PR China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yinbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, PR China; National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, PR China
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Dotsenko A, Gusakov A, Rozhkova A, Sinitsyna O, Shashkov I, Sinitsyn A. Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials using synthetic mixtures of purified cellulases bioengineered at N-glycosylation sites. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:396. [PMID: 30221109 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1419-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutant forms of recombinant endoglucanase II (EG II, N194A), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I, N45A) and cellobiohydrolase II (CBH II, N219A) from Penicillium verruculosum with enhanced cellulase activities, achieved by engineering of enzyme N-glycosylation sites in our previous studies, were used as components of the binary and ternary mixtures of cellulases in hydrolysis of Avicel and milled aspen wood. Using the engineered forms of the enzymes at a dosage of 10 mg/g substrate resulted in significant boosting of the glucose release from cellulose in the presence of excess β-glucosidase relative to the performance of the corresponding wild-type mixtures at the same loading. The boosting effects reached 11-40% depending on the reaction time and substrate type. In hydrolysis of both cellulosic substrates by the binary mixtures of cellulases, all the enzyme pairs exhibited synergism. The magnitude of the synergistic effects (Ks) did not depend notably upon the induced mutations in the enzymes, and they were in the range of 1.3-1.8 for the combinations of EG II with CBH I (or CBH II), and 2.3-2.9 for the CBH I-CBH II pair. The results of this study should provide a basis for the development of a more effective fungal strain capable of producing cellulase cocktails with enhanced hydrolytic performance against lignocellulosic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dotsenko
- 1Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 33/2, Moscow, 119071 Russia
| | - Alexander Gusakov
- 1Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 33/2, Moscow, 119071 Russia
- 2Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobyovy Gory 1/11, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Aleksandra Rozhkova
- 1Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 33/2, Moscow, 119071 Russia
- 2Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobyovy Gory 1/11, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Olga Sinitsyna
- 1Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 33/2, Moscow, 119071 Russia
- 2Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobyovy Gory 1/11, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Igor Shashkov
- 1Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 33/2, Moscow, 119071 Russia
| | - Arkady Sinitsyn
- 1Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 33/2, Moscow, 119071 Russia
- 2Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobyovy Gory 1/11, Moscow, 119991 Russia
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Wang Q, Chen L, Yu D, Lin H, Shen Q, Zhao Y. Excellent waste biomass-degrading performance of Trichoderma asperellum T-1 during submerged fermentation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 609:1329-1339. [PMID: 28793402 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The random disposal and incineration of agricultural residues cause resources waste and environmental pollution. The potential of waste biomass for the production of alternative liquid fuels is increasing and the bioconversion of lignocellulose to fermentable monomeric sugars is essential for second-generation biofuel production. Here, natural and pretreated switch grass or rice straw were fermented by both Trichoderma asperellum T-1 and Trichoderma reesei QM6a, with the fermentation results highlighted the potential of T. asperellum T-1 in the degradation of natural waste lignocellulosic materials. In fermenting different substrates, the filter paper activity, β-glucosidase activity, xylanase activity and carboxymethyl cellulase activity of T-1 can respectively reach 1.88, 8.00, 7.15 and 20.52 times that of QM6a. Although acid pretreatment could improve the enzyme activities of both T-1 and QM6a, its effect on T-1 was much smaller than that on QM6a. Moreover, strain T-1 fermented the natural rice straw better than the pretreated rice straw. Therefore, T-1 is considered to be more suitable for the degradation of natural biomass, especially for the degradation of rice straw. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the cellulase series secreted by T. asperellum T-1 was more abundant, and its substrate deconstruction ability was stronger than T. reesei QM6a. All these results suggest the potential of T. asperellum T-1 in the degradation of natural waste lignocellulosic material, with practical benefits in terms of cost and pollution reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Wang
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Research Institute of Eco-environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Daobing Yu
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Institute of Environment Resource and Soil Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Science, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuhua Zhao
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Qian Y, Zhong L, Gao J, Sun N, Wang Y, Sun G, Qu Y, Zhong Y. Production of highly efficient cellulase mixtures by genetically exploiting the potentials of Trichoderma reesei endogenous cellulases for hydrolysis of corncob residues. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:207. [PMID: 29162107 PMCID: PMC5696804 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0825-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trichoderma reesei is one of the most important fungi utilized for cellulase production. However, its cellulase system has been proven to be present in suboptimal ratio for deconstruction of lignocellulosic substrates. Although previous enzymatic optimization studies have acquired different types of in vitro synthetic mixtures for efficient lignocellulose hydrolysis, production of in vivo optimized cellulase mixtures by industrial strains remains one of the obstacles to reduce enzyme cost in the biofuels production from lignocellulosic biomass. RESULTS In this study, we used a systematic genetic strategy based on the pyrG marker to overexpress the major cellulase components in a hypercellulolytic T. reesei strain and produce the highly efficient cellulase mixture for saccharification of corncob residues. We found that overexpression of CBH2 exhibited a 32-fold increase in the transcription level and a comparable protein level to CBH1, the most abundant secreted protein in T. reesei, but did not contribute much to the cellulolytic ability. However, when EG2 was overexpressed with a 46-fold increase in the transcription level and a comparable protein level to CBH2, the engineered strain QPE36 showed a 1.5-fold enhancement in the total cellulase activity (up to 5.8 U/mL FPA) and a significant promotion of saccharification efficiency towards differently pretreated corncob residues. To assist the following genetic manipulations, the marker pyrG was successfully excised by homologous recombination based on resistance to 5-FOA. Furthermore, BGL1 was overexpressed in the EG2 overexpression strain QE51 (pyrG-excised) and a 11.6-fold increase in BGL activity was obtained. The EG2-BGL1 double overexpression strain QEB4 displayed a remarkable enhancement of cellulolytic ability on pretreated corncob residues. Especially, a nearly complete cellulose conversion (94.2%) was found for the delignified corncob residues after 48 h enzymatic saccharification. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that genetically exploiting the potentials of T. reesei endogenous cellulases to produce highly efficient cellulase mixtures is a powerful strategy to promote the saccharification efficiency, which will eventually facilitate cost reduction for lignocellulose-based biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchao Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixia Zhong
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, 250101, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningning Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyong Sun
- Anaesthesiology Department of the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaohua Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
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Rocha-Martín J, Martinez-Bernal C, Pérez-Cobas Y, Reyes-Sosa FM, García BD. Additives enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:48-56. [PMID: 28777990 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Linked to the development of cellulolytic enzyme cocktails from Myceliophthora thermophila, we studied the effect of different additives on the enzymatic hydrolysis yield. The hydrolysis of pretreated corn stover (PCS), sugar cane straw (PSCS) and microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel) was performed under industrial conditions using high solid loadings, limited mixing, and low enzyme dosages. The addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG4000) allowed to increase the glucose yields by 10%, 7.5%, and 32%, respectively in the three materials. PEG4000 did not have significant effect on the stability of the main individual enzymes but increased beta-glucosidase and endoglucanase activity by 20% and 60% respectively. Moreover, the presence of PEG4000 accelerated cellulase-catalyzed hydrolysis reducing up to 25% the liquefaction time. However, a preliminary economical assessment concludes that even with these improvements, a lower contribution of PEG4000 to the 2G bioethanol production costs would be needed to reach commercial feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Rocha-Martín
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/ Energía Solar n° 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Claudio Martinez-Bernal
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/ Energía Solar n° 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Yolanda Pérez-Cobas
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/ Energía Solar n° 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco Manuel Reyes-Sosa
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/ Energía Solar n° 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Bruno Díez García
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/ Energía Solar n° 1, 41014 Seville, Spain.
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Li Y, Cao X, Geng Z, Zhang M. A novel quasi plug-flow reactor design for enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose using rheology experiment and CFD simulation. CAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center of Petrochemical Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Xingxing Cao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center of Petrochemical Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Zhongfeng Geng
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center of Petrochemical Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Minhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center of Petrochemical Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin P. R. China
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Chylenski P, Forsberg Z, Ståhlberg J, Várnai A, Lersch M, Bengtsson O, Sæbø S, Horn SJ, Eijsink VGH. Development of minimal enzyme cocktails for hydrolysis of sulfite-pulped lignocellulosic biomass. J Biotechnol 2017; 246:16-23. [PMID: 28219736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent progress, saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass is still a major cost driver in biorefining. In this study, we present the development of minimal enzyme cocktails for hydrolysis of Norway spruce and sugarcane bagasse, which were pretreated using the so-called BALI™ process, which is based on sulfite pulping technology. Minimal enzyme cocktails were composed using several glycoside hydrolases purified from the industrially relevant filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei and a purified commercial β-glucosidase from Aspergillus niger. The contribution of in-house expressed lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) was also tested, since oxidative cleavage of cellulose by such LPMOs is known to be beneficial for conversion efficiency. We show that the optimized cocktails permit efficient saccharification at reasonable enzyme loadings and that the effect of the LPMOs is substrate-dependent. Using a cocktail comprising only four enzymes, glucan conversion for Norway spruce reached >80% at enzyme loadings of 8mg/g glucan, whereas almost 100% conversion was achieved at 16mg/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Chylenski
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Zarah Forsberg
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Jerry Ståhlberg
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anikó Várnai
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | | | | | - Solve Sæbø
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Svein Jarle Horn
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Vincent G H Eijsink
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway.
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Reyes-Sosa FM, López Morales M, Platero Gómez AI, Valbuena Crespo N, Sánchez Zamorano L, Rocha-Martín J, Molina-Heredia FP, Díez García B. Management of enzyme diversity in high-performance cellulolytic cocktails. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:156. [PMID: 28649275 PMCID: PMC5477296 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0845-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern biorefineries require enzymatic cocktails of improved efficiency to generate fermentable sugars from lignocellulosic biomass. Cellulolytic fungi, among other microorganisms, have demonstrated the highest potential in terms of enzymatic productivity, complexity and efficiency. On the other hand, under cellulolytic-inducing conditions, they often produce a considerable diversity of carbohydrate-active enzymes which allow them to adapt to changing environmental conditions. However, industrial conditions are fixed and adjusted to the optimum of the whole cocktail, resulting in underperformance of individual enzymes. RESULTS One of these cellulolytic cocktails from Myceliophthora thermophila has been analyzed here by means of LC-MS/MS. Pure GH6 family members detected have been characterized, confirming previous studies, and added to whole cocktails to compare their contribution in the hydrolysis of industrial substrates. Finally, independent deletions of two GH6 family members, as an example of the enzymatic diversity management, led to the development of a strain producing a more efficient cellulolytic cocktail. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that the deletion of noncontributive cellulases (here EG VI) can increase the cellulolytic efficiency of the cocktail, validating the management of cellulase diversity as a strategy to obtain improved fungal cellulolytic cocktails.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Macarena López Morales
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/Energía Solar 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Platero Gómez
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/Energía Solar 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Noelia Valbuena Crespo
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/Energía Solar 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez Zamorano
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/Energía Solar 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Javier Rocha-Martín
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/Energía Solar 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
| | - Fernando P. Molina-Heredia
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla y CSIC, Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Bruno Díez García
- Department of Biotechnology, Abengoa Research, Campus Palmas Altas, C/Energía Solar 1, 41014 Seville, Spain
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Gusakov AV, Dotsenko AS, Rozhkova AM, Sinitsyn AP. N-Linked glycans are an important component of the processive machinery of cellobiohydrolases. Biochimie 2017; 132:102-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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36
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Prabhu RR, Parashar D, Satyanarayana T. Production and characteristics of the recombinant extracellular bifunctional endoglucanase of the polyextremophilic bacterium Bacillus halodurans and its applicability in saccharifying agro-residues. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 40:651-662. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1730-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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37
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Tozakidis IEP, Brossette T, Lenz F, Maas RM, Jose J. Proof of concept for the simplified breakdown of cellulose by combining Pseudomonas putida strains with surface displayed thermophilic endocellulase, exocellulase and β-glucosidase. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:103. [PMID: 27287198 PMCID: PMC4901517 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0505-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The production and employment of cellulases still represents an economic bottleneck in the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to biofuels and other biocommodities. This process could be simplified by displaying the necessary enzymes on a microbial cell surface. Such an approach, however, requires an appropriate host organism which on the one hand can withstand the rough environment coming along with lignocellulose hydrolysis, and on the other hand does not consume the generated glucose so that it remains available for subsequent fermentation steps. RESULTS The robust soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida showed a strongly reduced uptake of glucose above a temperature of 50 °C, while remaining structurally intact hence recyclable, which makes it suitable for cellulose hydrolysis at elevated temperatures. Consequently, three complementary, thermophilic cellulases from Ruminiclostridium thermocellum were displayed on the surface of the bacterium. All three enzymes retained their activity on the cell surface. A mixture of three strains displaying each one of these enzymes was able to synergistically hydrolyze filter paper at 55 °C, producing 20 μg glucose per mL cell suspension in 24 h. CONCLUSION We could establish Pseudomonas putida as host for the surface display of cellulases, and provided proof-of-concept for a fast and simple cellulose breakdown process at elevated temperatures. This study opens up new perspectives for the application of P. putida in the production of biofuels and other biotechnological products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iasson E P Tozakidis
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, PharmaCampus, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany.,NRW Graduate School of Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, PharmaCampus, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Tatjana Brossette
- Autodisplay Biotech GmbH, Merowingerplatz 1a, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Florian Lenz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, PharmaCampus, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ruth M Maas
- Autodisplay Biotech GmbH, Merowingerplatz 1a, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, PharmaCampus, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany. .,NRW Graduate School of Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, PharmaCampus, Corrensstraße 48, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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38
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Wang M, Lu X. Exploring the Synergy between Cellobiose Dehydrogenase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Cellulase from Trichoderma reesei. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:620. [PMID: 27199949 PMCID: PMC4850161 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent demands for the production of lignocellulose biofuels boosted research on cellulase. Hydrolysis efficiency and production cost of cellulase are two bottlenecks in “biomass to biofuels” process. The Trichoderma cellulase mixture is one of the most commonly used enzymes for cellulosic hydrolysis. During hydrolytic process cellobiose accumulation causes feedback inhibition against most cellobiohydrolases and endoglucanases. In this study, we demonstrated the synergism effects between cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) and cellulase both in vitro and in vivo. The CDH from Phanerochaete chrysosporium was heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris. Supplementation of the purified CDH in Trichoderma cellulase increased the cellulase activities. Especially β-glucosidase activity was increased by 30–100% varying at different time points. On the other hand, the cdh gene was heterologously expressed in Trichoderma reesei to explore the synergism between CDH and cellulases in vivo. The analyses of gene expression and enzymatic profiles of filter paper activity, carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) and β-glucosidase show the increased cellulase activity and the enhanced cellulase production in the cdh-expressing strains. The results elucidate a possible mechanism for diminishing the cellobiose inhibition of cellulase by CDH. These findings provide a novel perspective to make more economic enzyme cocktails for commercial application or explore alternative strategies for generating cellulase-producing strains with higher efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao, China
| | - Xuefeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao, China
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39
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Masran R, Zanirun Z, Bahrin EK, Ibrahim MF, Lai Yee P, Abd-Aziz S. Harnessing the potential of ligninolytic enzymes for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:5231-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7545-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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41
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Enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of mild alkali pre-treated rice straw at high-solid loadings using in-house cellulases in a bench scale system. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:993-1003. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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42
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Sebayang AH, Masjuki HH, Ong HC, Dharma S, Silitonga AS, Mahlia TMI, Aditiya HB. A perspective on bioethanol production from biomass as alternative fuel for spark ignition engine. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24983j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing fuel consumption of fossil fuels has led to the development of alternative fuels for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. H. Sebayang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - H. H. Masjuki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - Hwai Chyuan Ong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - S. Dharma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - A. S. Silitonga
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - T. M. I. Mahlia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Universiti Tenaga Nasional
- 43000 Kajang
- Malaysia
| | - H. B. Aditiya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Universiti Tenaga Nasional
- 43000 Kajang
- Malaysia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Song W, Han X, Qian Y, Liu G, Yao G, Zhong Y, Qu Y. Proteomic analysis of the biomass hydrolytic potentials of Penicillium oxalicum lignocellulolytic enzyme system. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:68. [PMID: 26997974 PMCID: PMC4797192 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0477-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mining of high-performance enzyme systems is necessary to develop industrial lignocellulose bioconversion. Large amounts of cellulases and hemicellulases can be produced by Penicillium oxalicum. Hence, the enzyme system of this hypercellulolytic fungus should be elucidated to help design optimum enzyme systems for effective biomass hydrolysis. RESULTS The cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities of an SP enzyme system prepared from P. oxalicum JU-A10 were comparatively analyzed. Results indicated that the fungus possesses a complete cellulolytic-xylanolytic enzyme system. The cellobiohydrolase- and xylanase-specific activities of this system were higher than those of two other enzyme systems, i.e., ST from Trichoderma reesei SN1 and another commercial preparation Celluclast 1.5L. Delignified corncob residue (DCCR) could be hydrolyzed by SP to a greater extent than corncob residue (CCR). Beta-glucosidase (BG) supplemented in SP increased the ability of the system to hydrolyze DCCR and CCR, and resulted in a 64 % decrease in enzyme dosage with the same glucose yield. The behaviors of the enzyme components in the hydrolysis of CCR were further investigated by monitoring individual enzyme dynamics. The total protein concentrations and cellobiohydrolase (CBH), endoglucanase (EG), and filter paper activities in the supernatants significantly decreased during saccharification. These findings were more evident in SP than in the other enzyme systems. The comparative proteomic analysis of the enzyme systems revealed that both SP and ST were rich in carbohydrate-degrading enzymes and multiple non-hydrolytic proteins. A larger number of carbohydrate-binding modules 1 (CBM1) were also identified in SP than in ST. This difference might be linked to the greater adsorption to substrates and lower hydrolysis efficiency of SP enzymes than ST during lignocellulose saccharification, because CBM1 not only targets enzymes to insoluble cellulose but also leads to non-productive adsorption to lignin. CONCLUSIONS Penicillium oxalicum can be applied to the biorefinery of lignocellulosic biomass. Its ability to degrade lignocellulosic substrates could be further improved by modifying its enzyme system on the basis of enzyme activity measurement and proteomic analysis. The proposed strategy may also be applied to other lignocellulolytic enzyme systems to enhance their hydrolytic performances rationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Song
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, No.27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100 Shandong China
| | - Xiaolong Han
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, No.27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100 Shandong China
| | - Yuanchao Qian
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, No.27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100 Shandong China
| | - Guodong Liu
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, No.27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100 Shandong China
| | - Guangshan Yao
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, No.27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100 Shandong China
| | - Yaohua Zhong
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, No.27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100 Shandong China
| | - Yinbo Qu
- />State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, No.27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100 Shandong China
- />National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, No.27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100 Shandong China
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Huang C, He J, Wang Y, Min D, Yong Q. Associating cooking additives with sodium hydroxide to pretreat bamboo residues for improving the enzymatic saccharification and monosaccharides production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 193:142-149. [PMID: 26133470 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.06.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cooking additive pulping technique is used in kraft mill to increase delignification degree and pulp yield. In this work, cooking additives were firstly applied in the sodium hydroxide pretreatment for improving the bioconversion of bamboo residues to monosaccharides. Meanwhile, steam explosion and sulfuric acid pretreatments were also carried out on the sample to compare their impacts on monosaccharides production. Results indicated that associating anthraquinone with sodium hydroxide pretreatment showed the best performance in improving the original carbohydrates recovery, delignification, enzymatic saccharification, and monosaccharides production. After consecutive pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification process, 347.49 g, 307.48 g, 142.93 g, and 87.15 g of monosaccharides were released from 1000 g dry bamboo residues pretreated by sodium hydroxide associating with anthraquinone, sodium hydroxide, steam explosion and sulfuric acid, respectively. The results suggested that associating cooking additive with sodium hydroxide is an effective pretreatment for bamboo residues to enhance enzymatic saccharification for monosaccharides production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caoxing Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Juan He
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Douyong Min
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qiang Yong
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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45
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Heterologous β-glucosidase in a fungal cellulase system: Comparison of different methods for development of multienzyme cocktails. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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46
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Lim SH, Lee WS, Kim YI, Sohn Y, Cho DW, Kim C, Kim E, Latham JA, Dunaway-Mariano D, Mariano PS. Photochemical and enzymatic SET promoted C–C bond cleavage reactions of lignin β-1 model compounds containing varying number of methoxy substituents on their arene rings. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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47
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Wang M, Lai GL, Nie Y, Geng S, Liu L, Zhu B, Shi Z, Wu XL. Synergistic function of four novel thermostable glycoside hydrolases from a long-term enriched thermophilic methanogenic digester. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:509. [PMID: 26052323 PMCID: PMC4441150 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In biofuel production from lignocellulose, low thermostability and product inhibition strongly restrict the enzyme activities and production process. Application of multiple thermostable glycoside hydrolases, forming an enzyme "cocktail", can result in a synergistic action and therefore improve production efficiency and reduce operational costs. Therefore, increasing enzyme thermostabilities and compatibility are important for the biofuel industry. In this study, we reported the screening, cloning and biochemical characterization of four novel thermostable lignocellulose hydrolases from a metagenomic library of a long-term dry thermophilic methanogenic digester community, which were highly compatible with optimal conditions and specific activities. The optimal temperatures of the four enzymes, β-xylosidase, xylanase, β-glucosidase, and cellulase ranged from 60 to 75°C, and over 80% residual activities were observed after 2 h incubation at 50°C. Mixtures of these hydrolases retained high residual synergistic activities after incubation with cellulose, xylan, and steam-exploded corncob at 50°C for 72 h. In addition, about 55% dry weight of steam-exploded corncob was hydrolyzed to glucose and xylose by the synergistic action of the four enzymes at 50°C for 48 h. This work suggested that since different enzymes from a same ecosystem could be more compatible, screening enzymes from a long-term enriching community could be a favorable strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University Wuxi, China ; Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Li Lai
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University Beijing, China ; Institute of Engineering (Baotou), College of Engineering, Peking University Baotou, China
| | - Yong Nie
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University Beijing, China ; Institute of Engineering (Baotou), College of Engineering, Peking University Baotou, China
| | - Shuang Geng
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University Beijing, China
| | - Liming Liu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University Wuxi, China
| | - Baoli Zhu
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Zhongping Shi
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Wu
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University Beijing, China ; Institute of Engineering (Baotou), College of Engineering, Peking University Baotou, China
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Reis LD, Ritter CET, Fontana RC, Camassola M, Dillon AJP. STATISTICAL OPTIMIZATION OF MINERAL SALT AND UREA CONCENTRATION FOR CELLULASE AND XYLANASE PRODUCTION BY Penicillium echinulatum IN SUBMERGED FERMENTATION. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20150321s00003099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Robl D, Costa PDS, Büchli F, Lima DJDS, Delabona PDS, Squina FM, Pimentel IC, Padilla G, Pradella JGDC. Enhancing of sugar cane bagasse hydrolysis by Annulohypoxylon stygium glycohydrolases. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 177:247-254. [PMID: 25496945 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a bioprocess for the production of β-glucosidase and pectinase from the fungus Annulohypoxylon stygium DR47. Media optimization and bioreactor cultivation using citrus bagasse and soybean bran were explored and revealed a maximum production of 6.26 U/mL of pectinase at pH 4.0 and 10.13 U/mL of β-glucosidase at pH 5.0. In addition, the enzymes extracts were able to replace partially Celluclast 1.5L in sugar cane bagasse hydrolysis. Proteomic analysis from A. stygium cultures revealed accessory enzymes, mainly belong to the families GH3 and GH54, that would support enhancement of commercial cocktail saccharification yields. This is the first report describing bioreactor optimization for enzyme production from A. stygium with a view for more efficient degradation of sugar cane bagasse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Robl
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Lineu Prestes 1374, CEP 05508-900 São Paulo, Brazil; Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Centre of Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Pólo II de Alta Tecnologia, CEP 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia dos Santos Costa
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Centre of Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Pólo II de Alta Tecnologia, CEP 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Büchli
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Centre of Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Pólo II de Alta Tecnologia, CEP 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Deise Juliana da Silva Lima
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Centre of Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Pólo II de Alta Tecnologia, CEP 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila da Silva Delabona
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Centre of Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Pólo II de Alta Tecnologia, CEP 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio Marcio Squina
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Centre of Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Pólo II de Alta Tecnologia, CEP 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ida Chapaval Pimentel
- Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), CEP 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Padilla
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Lineu Prestes 1374, CEP 05508-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Geraldo da Cruz Pradella
- Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Centre of Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Pólo II de Alta Tecnologia, CEP 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Asha BM, Pathma J, Sakthivel N. Isolation and characterization of a novel thermostable β-glucosidase from Bacillus subtilis SU40. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683815010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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