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Levingstone TJ, Sheehy EJ, Moran CJ, Cunniffe GM, Diaz Payno PJ, Brady RT, Almeida HV, Carroll SF, O’Byrne JM, Kelly DJ, Brama PAJ, O’ Brien FJ. Evaluation of a co-culture of rapidly isolated chondrocytes and stem cells seeded on tri-layered collagen-based scaffolds in a caprine osteochondral defect model. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSYSTEMS 2022; 8:100066. [PMID: 36824377 PMCID: PMC9934472 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage has poor regenerative capacity and thus damage to the joint surfaces presents a major clinical challenge. Recent research has focussed on the development of tissue-engineered and cell-based approaches for the treatment of cartilage and osteochondral injuries, with current clinically available cell-based approaches including autologous chondrocyte implantation and matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte implantation. However, these approaches have significant disadvantages due to the requirement for a two-stage surgical procedure and an in vitro chondrocyte expansion phase which increases logistical challenges, hospital times and costs. In this study, we hypothesized that seeding biomimetic tri-layered scaffolds, with proven regenerative potential, with chondrocyte/infrapatellar fat pad stromal cell co-cultures would improve their regenerative capacity compared to scaffolds implanted cell-free. Rapid cell isolation techniques, without the requirement for long term in vitro culture, were utilised to achieve co-cultures of chondrocytes and stromal cells and thus overcome the limitations of existing cell-based techniques. Cell-free and cell-seeded scaffolds were implanted in osteochondral defects, created within the femoral condyle and trochlear ridge, in a translational large animal goat model. While analysis showed trends towards delayed subchondral bone healing in the cell-seeded scaffold group, by the 12 month timepoint the cell-free and cell-seeded groups yield cartilage and bone tissue with comparable quality and quantity. The results of the study reinforce the potential of the biomimetic tri-layered scaffold to repair joint defects but failed to demonstrate a clear benefit from the addition of the CC/FPMSC co-culture to this scaffold. Taking into consideration the additional cost and complexity associated with the cell-seeded scaffold approach, this study demonstrates that the treatment of osteochondral defects using cell-free tri-layered scaffolds may represent a more prudent clinical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya J. Levingstone
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland,Centre for Medical Engineering Research (MEDeng), Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland,Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland,Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland,Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering (TCBE), Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eamon J. Sheehy
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland,Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering (TCBE), Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin 2, Ireland,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI & TCD, Ireland
| | - Conor J. Moran
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland,Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering (TCBE), Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Gráinne M. Cunniffe
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering (TCBE), Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin 2, Ireland,Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland,National Spinal Injuries Unit, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Pedro J. Diaz Payno
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering (TCBE), Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin 2, Ireland,Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robert T. Brady
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland,Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering (TCBE), Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Henrique V. Almeida
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering (TCBE), Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin 2, Ireland,Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland,iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Simon F. Carroll
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering (TCBE), Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin 2, Ireland,Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - John M. O’Byrne
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland,Cappagh National Orthopaedic Hospital, Finglas, Dublin 11, Ireland
| | - Daniel J. Kelly
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering (TCBE), Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin 2, Ireland,Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Pieter AJ. Brama
- Section Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Fergal J. O’ Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland,Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering (TCBE), Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin 2, Ireland,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI & TCD, Ireland,Corresponding author at: Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123St. Stephen's Green, Ireland
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Integrating melt electrowriting and inkjet bioprinting for engineering structurally organized articular cartilage. Biomaterials 2022; 283:121405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Levingstone TJ, Moran C, Almeida HV, Kelly DJ, O'Brien FJ. Layer-specific stem cell differentiation in tri-layered tissue engineering biomaterials: Towards development of a single-stage cell-based approach for osteochondral defect repair. Mater Today Bio 2021; 12:100173. [PMID: 34901823 PMCID: PMC8640516 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful repair of osteochondral defects is challenging, due in part to their complex gradient nature. Tissue engineering approaches have shown promise with the development of layered scaffolds that aim to promote cartilage and bone regeneration within the defect. The clinical potential of implanting these scaffolds cell-free has been demonstrated, whereby cells from the host bone marrow MSCs infiltrate the scaffolds and promote cartilage and bone regeneration within the required regions of the defect. However, seeding the cartilage layer of the scaffold with a chondrogenic cell population prior to implantation may enhance cartilage tissue regeneration, thus enabling the treatment of larger defects. Here the development of a cell seeding approach capable of enhancing articular cartilage repair without the requirement for in vitro expansion of the cell population is explored. The intrinsic ability of a tri-layered scaffold previously developed in our group to direct stem cell differentiation in each layer of the scaffold was first demonstrated. Following this, the optimal chondrogenic cell seeding approach capable of enhancing the regenerative capacity of the tri-layered scaffold was demonstrated with the highest levels of chondrogenesis achieved with a co-culture of rapidly isolated infrapatellar fat pad MSCs (FPMSCs) and chondrocytes (CCs). The addition of FPMSCs to a relatively small number of CCs led to a 7.8-fold increase in the sGAG production over chondrocytes in mono-culture. This cell seeding approach has the potential to be delivered within a single-stage approach, without the requirement for costly in vitro expansion of harvested cells, to achieve rapid repair of osteochondral defects. Tri-layered scaffold capable of directing layer specific stem cell differentiation. Potential of cell seeding regimes to enhance chondrogenic repair explored. Optimal cell seeding regime was an infrapatellar fat pad MSC:chondrocyte coculture. Adding infrapatellar fat pad MSCs to chondrocytes led to >7-fold increase in sGAG. This cell-seeded scaffold has potential for rapid repair of osteochondral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya J. Levingstone
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin, 9, Ireland
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research (MEDeng), Dublin City University, Dublin, 9, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, Dublin, 9, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI & TCD, Ireland
| | - Conor Moran
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI & TCD, Ireland
| | - Henrique V. Almeida
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2, Ireland
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Daniel J. Kelly
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin, 9, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI & TCD, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Fergal J. O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, 2, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, RCSI & TCD, Ireland
- Corresponding author. Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin, 2, Ireland.
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Critchley S, Sheehy EJ, Cunniffe G, Diaz-Payno P, Carroll SF, Jeon O, Alsberg E, Brama PAJ, Kelly DJ. 3D printing of fibre-reinforced cartilaginous templates for the regeneration of osteochondral defects. Acta Biomater 2020; 113:130-143. [PMID: 32505800 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Successful osteochondral defect repair requires regenerating the subchondral bone whilst simultaneously promoting the development of an overlying layer of articular cartilage that is resistant to vascularization and endochondral ossification. During skeletal development articular cartilage also functions as a surface growth plate, which postnatally is replaced by a more spatially complex bone-cartilage interface. Motivated by this developmental process, the hypothesis of this study is that bi-phasic, fibre-reinforced cartilaginous templates can regenerate both the articular cartilage and subchondral bone within osteochondral defects created in caprine joints. To engineer mechanically competent implants, we first compared a range of 3D printed fibre networks (PCL, PLA and PLGA) for their capacity to mechanically reinforce alginate hydrogels whilst simultaneously supporting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) chondrogenesis in vitro. These mechanically reinforced, MSC-laden alginate hydrogels were then used to engineer the endochondral bone forming phase of bi-phasic osteochondral constructs, with the overlying chondral phase consisting of cartilage tissue engineered using a co-culture of infrapatellar fat pad derived stem/stromal cells (FPSCs) and chondrocytes. Following chondrogenic priming and subcutaneous implantation in nude mice, these bi-phasic cartilaginous constructs were found to support the development of vascularised endochondral bone overlaid by phenotypically stable cartilage. These fibre-reinforced, bi-phasic cartilaginous templates were then evaluated in clinically relevant, large animal (caprine) model of osteochondral defect repair. Although the quality of repair was variable from animal-to-animal, in general more hyaline-like cartilage repair was observed after 6 months in animals treated with bi-phasic constructs compared to animals treated with commercial control scaffolds. This variability in the quality of repair points to the need for further improvements in the design of 3D bioprinted implants for joint regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Successful osteochondral defect repair requires regenerating the subchondral bone whilst simultaneously promoting the development of an overlying layer of articular cartilage. In this study, we hypothesised that bi-phasic, fibre-reinforced cartilaginous templates could be leveraged to regenerate both the articular cartilage and subchondral bone within osteochondral defects. To this end we used 3D printed fibre networks to mechanically reinforce engineered transient cartilage, which also contained an overlying layer of phenotypically stable cartilage engineered using a co-culture of chondrocytes and stem cells. When chondrogenically primed and implanted into caprine osteochondral defects, these fibre-reinforced bi-phasic cartilaginous grafts were shown to spatially direct tissue development during joint repair. Such developmentally inspired tissue engineering strategies, enabled by advances in biofabrication and 3D printing, could form the basis of new classes of regenerative implants in orthopaedic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Critchley
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eamon J Sheehy
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre, Trinity College Dublin and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gráinne Cunniffe
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Pedro Diaz-Payno
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simon F Carroll
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Oju Jeon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eben Alsberg
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA; Departments of Orthopaedics, Pharmacology, and Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pieter A J Brama
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniel J Kelly
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre, Trinity College Dublin and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
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5
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Su X, Wang J, Kang H, Bao G, Liu L. Effects of dynamic radial tensile stress on fibrocartilage differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Biomed Eng Online 2020; 19:8. [PMID: 32024525 PMCID: PMC7003351 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-020-0751-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uniaxial/biaxial tensile stress has been employed to induce chondrocyte differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. However, the effects of radial tensile stimuli on differentiation of MSCs into fibrocartilage remain unclear. RESULTS It was found that induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were not only similar to TMJ disc cells in morphology, but also could synthesize type I collagen (Col I), a small amount of type II collagen (Col II) and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). The synthesis of Col I significantly increased while that of Col II gradually decreased with increasing tensile strength. The ratio of Col I to Col II was 1.8 to 1 and 2 to 1 in the 10% and 15% stretching groups, respectively. The gene expression of Col I and GAGs was significantly upregulated, whereas that of Col II was downregulated. However, the higher tensile stimulation (15%) promoted the synthesis of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Too much α-SMA is not conducive to constructing engineered tissue. CONCLUSION Therefore, the 10% radial tensile stimulus was the optimal strength for inducing the BMSCs to differentiate into fibrochondrocytes of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc. This work provided a novel approach for inducing BMSCs to differentiate into fibrochondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Su
- College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.,Key Lab of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Lab of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, The Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jizeng Wang
- College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, The Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Kang
- College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, The Ministry of Education of China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangjie Bao
- Key Lab of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Lab of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Key Lab of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Key Lab of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Sánchez-Téllez DA, Téllez-Jurado L, Rodríguez-Lorenzo LM. Hydrogels for Cartilage Regeneration, from Polysaccharides to Hybrids. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E671. [PMID: 30965974 PMCID: PMC6418920 DOI: 10.3390/polym9120671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this paper are: (1) to review the current state of the art in the field of cartilage substitution and regeneration; (2) to examine the patented biomaterials being used in preclinical and clinical stages; (3) to explore the potential of polymeric hydrogels for these applications and the reasons that hinder their clinical success. The studies about hydrogels used as potential biomaterials selected for this review are divided into the two major trends in tissue engineering: (1) the use of cell-free biomaterials; and (2) the use of cell seeded biomaterials. Preparation techniques and resulting hydrogel properties are also reviewed. More recent proposals, based on the combination of different polymers and the hybridization process to improve the properties of these materials, are also reviewed. The combination of elements such as scaffolds (cellular solids), matrices (hydrogel-based), growth factors and mechanical stimuli is needed to optimize properties of the required materials in order to facilitate tissue formation, cartilage regeneration and final clinical application. Polymer combinations and hybrids are the most promising materials for this application. Hybrid scaffolds may maximize cell growth and local tissue integration by forming cartilage-like tissue with biomimetic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Anahí Sánchez-Téllez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional-ESIQIE, Depto. Ing. en Metalurgia y Materiales, UPALM-Zacatenco, Mexico City 07738, Mexico.
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lucía Téllez-Jurado
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional-ESIQIE, Depto. Ing. en Metalurgia y Materiales, UPALM-Zacatenco, Mexico City 07738, Mexico.
| | - Luís María Rodríguez-Lorenzo
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, ICTP-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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Luo L, O'Reilly AR, Thorpe SD, Buckley CT, Kelly DJ. Engineering zonal cartilaginous tissue by modulating oxygen levels and mechanical cues through the depth of infrapatellar fat pad stem cell laden hydrogels. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 11:2613-2628. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Luo
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Adam R. O'Reilly
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Stephen D. Thorpe
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - Conor T. Buckley
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Daniel J. Kelly
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER); Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
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8
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Kumar A, Starly B. Large scale industrialized cell expansion: producing the critical raw material for biofabrication processes. Biofabrication 2015; 7:044103. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/7/4/044103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Mesallati T, Buckley CT, Kelly DJ. Engineering cartilaginous grafts using chondrocyte-laden hydrogels supported by a superficial layer of stem cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:1343-1353. [PMID: 26010516 DOI: 10.1002/term.2033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
During postnatal joint development, progenitor cells that reside in the superficial region of articular cartilage first drive the rapid growth of the tissue and later help direct the formation of mature hyaline cartilage. These developmental processes may provide directions for the optimal structuring of co-cultured chondrocytes (CCs) and multipotent stromal/stem cells (MSCs) required for engineering cartilaginous tissues. The objective of this study was to engineer cartilage grafts by recapitulating aspects of joint development where a population of superficial progenitor cells drives the development of the tissue. To this end, MSCs were either self-assembled on top of CC-laden agarose gels (structured co-culture) or were mixed with CCs before being embedded in an agarose hydrogel (mixed co-culture). Porcine infrapatellar fat pad-derived stem cells (FPSCs) and bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) were used as sources of progenitor cells. The DNA, sGAG and collagen content of a mixed co-culture of FPSCs and CCs was found to be lower than the combined content of two control hydrogels seeded with CCs and FPSCs only. In contrast, a mixed co-culture of BMSCs and CCs led to increased proliferation and sGAG and collagen accumulation. Of note was the finding that a structured co-culture, at the appropriate cell density, led to greater sGAG accumulation than a mixed co-culture for both MSC sources. In conclusion, assembling MSCs onto CC-laden hydrogels dramatically enhances the development of the engineered tissue, with the superficial layer of progenitor cells driving CC proliferation and cartilage ECM production, mimicking certain aspects of developing cartilage. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Mesallati
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Conor T Buckley
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniel J Kelly
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin and the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland
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10
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Almeida HV, Cunniffe GM, Vinardell T, Buckley CT, O'Brien FJ, Kelly DJ. Coupling Freshly Isolated CD44(+) Infrapatellar Fat Pad-Derived Stromal Cells with a TGF-β3 Eluting Cartilage ECM-Derived Scaffold as a Single-Stage Strategy for Promoting Chondrogenesis. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:1043-53. [PMID: 25656563 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
An alternative strategy to the use of in vitro expanded cells in regenerative medicine is the use of freshly isolated stromal cells, where a bioactive scaffold is used to provide an environment conducive to proliferation and tissue-specific differentiation in vivo. The objective of this study is to develop a cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived scaffold that could facilitate the rapid proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of freshly isolated stromal cells. By freeze-drying cryomilled cartilage ECM of differing concentrations, it is possible to produce scaffolds with a range of pore sizes. The migration, proliferation, and chondrogenic differentiation of infrapatellar fat pad-derived stem cells (FPSCs) depend on the concentration/porosity of these scaffolds, with greater sulphated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) accumulation observed in scaffolds with larger-sized pores. It is then sought to determine if freshly isolated fat pad-derived stromal cells, seeded onto a transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 eluting ECM-derived scaffold, could promote chondrogenesis in vivo. While a more cartilage-like tissue could be generated using culture expanded FPSCs compared to nonenriched freshly isolated cells, fresh CD44(+) stromal cells are capable of producing a tissue in vivo that stained strongly for sGAGs and type II collagen. These findings open up new possibilities for in-theatre cell-based therapies for joint regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique V. Almeida
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin; Dublin 2 Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering; School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin; Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Gráinne M. Cunniffe
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin; Dublin 2 Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering; School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin; Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Tatiana Vinardell
- School of Agriculture and Food Science; University College Dublin; Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Conor T. Buckley
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin; Dublin 2 Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering; School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin; Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Fergal J. O'Brien
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin; Dublin 2 Ireland
- Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin 2 Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER); Trinity College Dublin and RCSI; Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Daniel J. Kelly
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin; Dublin 2 Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering; School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin; Dublin 2 Ireland
- Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin 2 Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER); Trinity College Dublin and RCSI; Dublin 2 Ireland
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Sheehy EJ, Mesallati T, Kelly L, Vinardell T, Buckley CT, Kelly DJ. Tissue Engineering Whole Bones Through Endochondral Ossification: Regenerating the Distal Phalanx. Biores Open Access 2015; 4:229-41. [PMID: 26309799 PMCID: PMC4540120 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2015.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel strategies are urgently required to facilitate regeneration of entire bones lost due to trauma or disease. In this study, we present a novel framework for the regeneration of whole bones by tissue engineering anatomically shaped hypertrophic cartilaginous grafts in vitro that subsequently drive endochondral bone formation in vivo. To realize this, we first fabricated molds from digitized images to generate mesenchymal stem cell-laden alginate hydrogels in the shape of different bones (the temporomandibular joint [TMJ] condyle and the distal phalanx). These constructs could be stimulated in vitro to generate anatomically shaped hypertrophic cartilaginous tissues that had begun to calcify around their periphery. Constructs were then formed into the shape of the distal phalanx to create the hypertrophic precursor of the osseous component of an engineered long bone. A layer of cartilage engineered through self-assembly of chondrocytes served as the articular surface of these constructs. Following chondrogenic priming and subcutaneous implantation, the hypertrophic phase of the engineered phalanx underwent endochondral ossification, leading to the generation of a vascularized bone integrated with a covering layer of stable articular cartilage. Furthermore, spatial bone deposition within the construct could be modulated by altering the architecture of the osseous component before implantation. These findings open up new horizons to whole limb regeneration by recapitulating key aspects of normal bone development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eamon J. Sheehy
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tariq Mesallati
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lara Kelly
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tatiana Vinardell
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Conor T. Buckley
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniel J. Kelly
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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