1
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Kim S, Lee C, Lee YS, Kim J, Kim JY. Modification of Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 for modeling anaerobic digestion of cattle manure with changing solids retention time. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 406:131033. [PMID: 38925400 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
In this study, Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1 (ADM1) was modified to incorporate changes in biochemical parameters due to solids retention time (SRT) variations. Cattle manure (CM) and thermally hydrolyzed CM were selected for testing. Continuous anaerobic digestion reactors were operated under different SRT conditions ranging from 6.6 to 36.0 days for both samples. The biochemical parameters (kch, kli, kpr, um,ac, um,bu, um,pro, um,va, Kac, Kbu, Kpro, and Kva) for each SRT condition were determined. To modify ADM1, the equations obtained through linear regression were substituted into biochemical parameters as a function of SRT. The modified ADM1 demonstrated superior accuracy compared with conventional ADM1. This study implies the feasibility of optimizing biochemical parameters for modeling in response to changes in environmental variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghwan Kim
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Changmin Lee
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Su Lee
- Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyeon Kim
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Kim
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Johnston JT, Quoc BN, Abrahamson B, Candry P, Ramon C, Cash KJ, Saccomano SC, Samo TJ, Ye C, Weber PK, Winkler MKH, Mayali X. Increasing aggregate size reduces single-cell organic carbon incorporation by hydrogel-embedded wetland microbes. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:ycae086. [PMID: 38974332 PMCID: PMC11227278 DOI: 10.1093/ismeco/ycae086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Microbial degradation of organic carbon in sediments is impacted by the availability of oxygen and substrates for growth. To better understand how particle size and redox zonation impact microbial organic carbon incorporation, techniques that maintain spatial information are necessary to quantify elemental cycling at the microscale. In this study, we produced hydrogel microspheres of various diameters (100, 250, and 500 μm) and inoculated them with an aerobic heterotrophic bacterium isolated from a freshwater wetland (Flavobacterium sp.), and in a second experiment with a microbial community from an urban lacustrine wetland. The hydrogel-embedded microbial populations were incubated with 13C-labeled substrates to quantify organic carbon incorporation into biomass via nanoSIMS. Additionally, luminescent nanosensors enabled spatially explicit measurements of oxygen concentrations inside the microspheres. The experimental data were then incorporated into a reactive-transport model to project long-term steady-state conditions. Smaller (100 μm) particles exhibited the highest microbial cell-specific growth per volume, but also showed higher absolute activity near the surface compared to the larger particles (250 and 500 μm). The experimental results and computational models demonstrate that organic carbon availability was not high enough to allow steep oxygen gradients and as a result, all particle sizes remained well-oxygenated. Our study provides a foundational framework for future studies investigating spatially dependent microbial activity in aggregates using isotopically labeled substrates to quantify growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet T Johnston
- Physical and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore CA 94550, United States
| | - Bao Nguyen Quoc
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 201 More Hall, Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195-2700, United States
| | - Britt Abrahamson
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 201 More Hall, Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195-2700, United States
| | - Pieter Candry
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 201 More Hall, Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195-2700, United States
| | - Christina Ramon
- Physical and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore CA 94550, United States
| | - Kevin J Cash
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401, United States
- Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401, United States
| | - Sam C Saccomano
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401, United States
| | - Ty J Samo
- Physical and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore CA 94550, United States
| | - Congwang Ye
- Physical and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore CA 94550, United States
| | - Peter K Weber
- Physical and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore CA 94550, United States
| | | | - Xavier Mayali
- Physical and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave, Livermore CA 94550, United States
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3
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Mei P, Wang Z, Guo W, Gao Y, A Vanrolleghem P, Li Y. The ASM2d model with two-step nitrification can better simulate biological nutrient removal systems enriched with complete ammonia oxidizing bacteria (comammox Nitrospira). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 335:139169. [PMID: 37295682 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of comammox Nitrospira, a complete ammonia-oxidizing microorganism belonging to the genus Nitrospira, has brought new insights into the nitrification process in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The applicability of Activated Sludge Model No. 2 d with one-step nitrification (ASM2d-OSN) or two-step nitrification (ASM2d-TSN) for the simulation of the biological nutrient removal (BNR) processes of a full-scale WWTP in the presence of comammox Nitrospira was studied. Microbial analysis and kinetic parameter measurements showed comammox Nitrospira was enriched in the BNR system operated under low dissolved oxygen (DO) and long sludge retention time (SRT). The relative abundance of Nitrospira under the conditions of stage I (DO = 0.5 mg/L, SRT = 60 d) was about twice of that under stage II conditions (DO = 4.0 mg/L, SRT = 26 d), and the copy number of the comammox amoA gene for stage I was 33 times higher than that for stage II. Compared to the ASM2d-OSN model, the ASM2d-TSN model simulated the performance of the WWTP under stage I conditions better, and the Theil inequality coefficient values of all the tested water quality parameters were lower than using ASM2d-OSN. These results indicate that an ASM2d model with two-step nitrification is a better choice for the simulation of WWTPs with the presence of comammox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Zhiqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Wenjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Shanghai Urban Construction Design & Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200001, PR China
| | | | - Yongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
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Chen H, Liu K, Yang E, Chen J, Gu Y, Wu S, Yang M, Wang H, Wang D, Li H. A critical review on microbial ecology in the novel biological nitrogen removal process: Dynamic balance of complex functional microbes for nitrogen removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159462. [PMID: 36257429 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The novel biological nitrogen removal process has been extensively studied for its high nitrogen removal efficiency, energy efficiency, and greenness. A successful novel biological nitrogen removal process has a stable microecological equilibrium and benign interactions between the various functional bacteria. However, changes in the external environment can easily disrupt the dynamic balance of the microecology and affect the activity of functional bacteria in the novel biological nitrogen removal process. Therefore, this review focuses on the microecology in existing the novel biological nitrogen removal process, including the growth characteristics of functional microorganisms and their interactions, together with the effects of different influencing factors on the evolution of microbial communities. This provides ideas for achieving a stable dynamic balance of the microecology in a novel biological nitrogen removal process. Furthermore, to investigate deeply the mechanisms of microbial interactions in novel biological nitrogen removal process, this review also focuses on the influence of quorum sensing (QS) systems on nitrogen removal microbes, regulated by which bacteria secrete acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) as signaling molecules to regulate microbial ecology in the novel biological nitrogen removal process. However, the mechanisms of action of AHLs on the regulation of functional bacteria have not been fully determined and the composition of QS system circuits requires further investigation. Meanwhile, it is necessary to further apply molecular analysis techniques and the theory of systems ecology in the future to enhance the exploration of microbial species and ecological niches, providing a deeper scientific basis for the development of a novel biological nitrogen removal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Laboratory of Environmental Protection Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Ke Liu
- China Machinery International Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Enzhe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yanling Gu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Sha Wu
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hailong Li
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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5
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Montecchio D, Mattei MR, Esposito G, Andreottola G, Ferrentino R. Mathematical modelling of an intermittent anoxic/aerobic MBBR: Estimation of nitrification rates and energy savings. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 321:116026. [PMID: 35998531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at modelling the performance of a novel MBBR configuration, named A/O-MBBR, comprised of a pre-anoxic reactor, with an HRT of 4.5 h, coupled with an intermittent anoxic/aerobic MBBR (HRT = 6.8 h). The lab-scale system was fed with municipal wastewater with an average influent Total Ammonia Nitrogen (TAN) and total COD (TCOD) concentrations of 46 mg of TAN-N L-1 and 310 mg TCOD L-1. During the whole experimental period, TAN removal efficiency was always higher than 96%; denitrification was also very effective, achieving nitrate and nitrite concentrations in the effluent both lower than 5 mg NOx-N L-1 on average. Moreover, TCOD average removal efficiency was equal to 85%. Modelling was performed to investigate the nitrification efficacy enhancement; to this aim, a biofilm model was developed, adopting the equations for mixed-culture biofilms and the Activated Model Sludge n°1 (ASM1) for the biological processes rates. The model allowed to determine the maximum uptake rate for autotrophic growth (μA was 2.5 d-1) and the semisaturation constant (KOA was 0.2 mg O2 L-1), suggesting that the nitrification process was 3-fold faster than average and very effective at low oxygen concentrations. The model estimated that about 85% of TAN was removed by the biofilm and only the remaining part by suspended biomass in the bulk liquid. Finally, it was assessed that the A/O-MBBR configuration allowed for a 45-60% savings of the energy requirement compared to a Benchmark WWTP layout.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Montecchio
- Istituto di Ricerca Sulle Acque-CNR, Area Della Ricerca RM1, 00015 Monterotondo, Roma, Italy.
| | - M R Mattei
- Department of Mathematics and Applications "Renato Caccioppoli", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, Monte S. Angelo, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - G Esposito
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy.
| | - G Andreottola
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, 38123, Trento, Italy.
| | - R Ferrentino
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, 38123, Trento, Italy.
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6
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Yin Q, Sun Y, Li B, Feng Z, Wu G. The r/K selection theory and its application in biological wastewater treatment processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 824:153836. [PMID: 35176382 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the characteristics of functional organisms is the key to managing and updating biological processes for wastewater treatment. This review, for the first time, systematically characterized two typical types of strategists in wastewater treatment ecosystems via the r/K selection theory and provided novel strategies for selectively enriching microbial community. Functional organisms involved in nitrification (e.g., Nitrosomonas and Nitrosococcus), anammox (Candidatus Brocadia), and methanogenesis (Methanosarcinaceae) are identified as r-strategists with fast growth capacities and low substrate affinities. These r-strategists can achieve high pollutant removal loading rates. On the other hand, other organisms such as Nitrosospira spp., Candidatus Kuenenia, and Methanosaetaceae, are characterized as K-strategists with slow growth rates but high substrate affinities, which can decrease the pollutant concentration to low levels. More importantly, K-strategists may play crucial roles in the biodegradation of recalcitrant organic pollutants. The food-to-microorganism ratio, mass transfer, cell size, and biomass morphology are the key factors determining the selection of r-/K-strategists. These factors can be related with operating parameters (e.g., solids and hydraulic retention time), biomass morphology (biofilm or granules), and operating modes (continuous-flow or sequencing batch), etc., to achieve the efficient acclimation of targeted r-/K-strategists. For practical applications, the concept of substrate flux was put forward to further benefit the selective enrichment of r-/K-strategists, fulfilling effective management and improvement of engineered pollution control bioprocesses. Finally, the future perspectives regarding the development of the r/K selection theory in wastewater treatment processes were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qidong Yin
- College of Science and Engineering, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland; Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuepeng Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Ashburn, VA 20147, United States
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, United States
| | - Zhaolu Feng
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangxue Wu
- College of Science and Engineering, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland.
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7
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Bressani-Ribeiro T, Almeida PGS, Chernicharo CAL, Volcke EIP. Inorganic carbon limitation during nitrogen conversions in sponge-bed trickling filters for mainstream treatment of anaerobic effluent. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 201:117337. [PMID: 34167012 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic sewage treatment is a proven technology in warm climate regions, and sponge-bed trickling filters (SBTFs) are an important post-treatment technology to remove residual organic carbon and nitrogen. Even though SBTFs can achieve a reasonably good effluent quality, further process optimization is hampered by a lack of mechanistic understanding of the factors influencing nitrogen removal, notably when it comes to mainstream anaerobically treated sewage. In this study, the factors that control the performance of SBTFs following anaerobic (i.e., UASB) reactors for sewage treatment were investigated. A demo-scale SBTF fed with anaerobically pre-treated sewage was monitored for 300 days, showing a median nitrification efficiency of 79% and a median total nitrogen removal efficiency of 26%. Heterotrophic denitrification was limited by the low organic carbon content of the anaerobic effluent. It was demonstrated that nitrification was impaired by a lack of inorganic carbon rather than by alkalinity limitation. To properly describe inorganic carbon limitation in models, bicarbonate was added as a state variable and sigmoidal kinetics were applied. The resulting model was able to capture the overall long-term experimental behaviour. There was no nitrite accumulation, which indicated that nitrite oxidizing bacteria were little or less affected by the inorganic carbon limitation. Overall, this study indicated the vital role of influent characteristics and operating conditions concerning nitrogen conversions in SBTFs treating anaerobic effluent, thus facilitating further process optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bressani-Ribeiro
- BioCo Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, Gent 9000, Belgium; Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte/MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - P G S Almeida
- Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, Juiz de Fora - MG, 36036-900, Brazil
| | - C A L Chernicharo
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte/MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - E I P Volcke
- BioCo Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, Gent 9000, Belgium.
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8
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Wu J, Wan J, Yu L, Zhang M, Ducoste JJ. The effect of activated sludge floc morphology on the measurement of biomass half-saturation coefficient: A 2D CFD biofilm model-based evaluation and experimental verification. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.107931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Wade MJ, Wolkowicz GSK. Bifurcation Analysis of an Impulsive System Describing Partial Nitritation and Anammox in a Hybrid Reactor. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:2099-2109. [PMID: 33440117 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low-energy nitrogen removal under mainstream conditions is a technology that has received significant attention in recent years as the water industry drives toward long-term sustainability goals. Simultaneous partial nitritation-Anammox (PN/A) is one process that can provide substantial energy reduction and lower sludge yields. Mathematical modeling of the PN/A process offers engineers insights into the operating conditions necessary to maximize its potential. Laureni et al. (Laureni et al. Water Res. 2019, 14) have recently published a simplified mechanistic model of the process operated as a sequencing batch reactor that investigated the effect of three key operating parameters on performance (Anammox biofilm activity, dissolved oxygen concentration and fraction of solids wasted). The analysis of the model was limited, however, to simulation with relatively few discrete parameter sets. Here, we demonstrate through the use of bifurcation theory applied to an impulsive dynamical system that the parameter space can be partitioned into regions in which the system converges to different fixed points that represent different outcomes: either the washout of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria or their survival. Mapping process performance data onto these spaces allows engineers to target suitable operating regimes for specific objectives. Here, for example, we note that the nitrogen removal efficiency is maximized close to the curve that separates the regions in parameter space where nitrite-oxidizing bacteria washout from the region in which they survive. Further, control of solids washout and Anammox biofilm activity can also reduce oxygen requirements while maintaining an appropriate hydraulic retention time. The approach taken is significant given the possibility for using such a methodology for models of increasing complexity. This will enable engineers to probe the entire parameter space of systems of higher dimension and realism in a consistent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Wade
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Gail S K Wolkowicz
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
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10
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Qiu S, Li Z, Sheng X, Wang S, Hu Y, de Menezes AB, Chen L, Liu R, Zhan X. A novel technology with precise oxygen-input control: Application of the partial nitritation-anammox process. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 185:116213. [PMID: 32731077 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Reliable and accurate oxygen-input control, which is critical to maintaining efficient nitrogen removal performance for partial nitritation-anammox (PN-A) process, remains one of the main operational difficulties. In this study, a novel, yet simple system (a simple process for autotrophic nitrogen-removal, SPAN) with precise oxygen-input control was developed to treat ammonium-rich wastewater via PN-A process. SPAN brings oxygen to biomass by circulating water and creating water spray (shower) at the water-air interface, and effectively balances the activities of core functional microorganisms through precise oxygen-input control. The oxygen-input rate is decided by the water circulation rate and shower rate and is measurable and predictable. Therefore, the required amount of oxygen for ammonium oxidation can be precisely delivered to the biomass by adjusting the circulation rate and shower rate. The results of two parallel SPAN reactors demonstrated that during long-term operation, the required oxygen input was precisely and reliably controlled. More than 99% of NH4+-N and 81% - 85% of total nitrogen were stably removed, with anammox bacteria contributing to more than 96% of total nitrogen removal. Anammox bacteria were efficiently enriched to the highest level among the key nitrogen-converting microbial groups, both in terms of abundance (8.17%) and nitrogen-conversion capacity, while ammonium oxidizing bacteria were well controlled to provide sufficient ammonium-oxidizing capacity. Nitrite oxidizing bacteria were maintained stable (relative abundance of 1.08%-1.88%) and their activity was effectively suppressed. This study provided a novel technology, SPAN, to precisely control oxygen input in PN-A system, and proved that SPAN was effective and reliable in achieving long-term high-efficiency nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songkai Qiu
- Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Zebing Li
- School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaolin Sheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shun Wang
- Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Yuansheng Hu
- Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Alexandre B de Menezes
- School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Lujun Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xinmin Zhan
- Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
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11
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Navada S, Knutsen MF, Bakke I, Vadstein O. Nitrifying biofilms deprived of organic carbon show higher functional resilience to increases in carbon supply. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7121. [PMID: 32346018 PMCID: PMC7189377 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64027-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In nitrifying biofilms, the organic carbon to ammonia nitrogen (C/N) supply ratio can influence resource competition between heterotrophic and nitrifying bacteria for oxygen and space. We investigated the impact of acute and chronic changes in carbon supply on inter-guild competition in two moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR), operated with (R1) and without (R0) external organic carbon supply. The microbial and nitrifying community composition of the reactors differed significantly. Interestingly, acute increases in the dissolved organic carbon inhibited nitrification in R1 ten times more than in R0. A sustained increase in the carbon supply decreased nitrification efficiency and increased denitrification activity to a greater extent in R1, and also increased the proportion of potential denitrifiers in both bioreactors. The findings suggest that autotrophic biofilms subjected to increases in carbon supply show higher nitrification and lower denitrification activity than carbon-fed biofilms. This has significant implications for the design of nitrifying bioreactors. Specifically, efficient removal of organic matter before the nitrification unit can improve the robustness of the bioreactor to varying influent quality. Thus, maintaining a low C/N ratio is important in nitrifying biofilters when acute carbon stress is expected or when anoxic activity (e.g. denitrification or H2S production) is undesirable, such as in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharada Navada
- Department of Chemistry, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway. .,Krüger Kaldnes AS (Veolia Water Technologies), N-3241, Sandefjord, Norway.
| | - Maja F Knutsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Oxy Solutions, Gaustadalleen 21, N-0349, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Bakke
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Olav Vadstein
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
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12
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Kreft JU, Griffin BM, González-Cabaleiro R. Evolutionary causes and consequences of metabolic division of labour: why anaerobes do and aerobes don't. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 62:80-87. [PMID: 31654858 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic division of the labour of organic matter decomposition into several steps carried out by different types of microbes is typical for many anoxic - but not oxic environments. An explanation of this well-known pattern is proposed based on the combination of three key insights: (i) well-studied anoxic environments are high flux environments: they are only anoxic because their high organic matter influx leads to oxygen depletion; (ii) shorter, incomplete catabolic pathways provide the capacity for higher flux, but this capacity is only advantageous in high flux environments; (iii) longer, complete catabolic pathways have energetic happy ends but only with high redox potential electron acceptors. Thus, aerobic environments favour longer pathways. Bioreactors, in contrast, are high flux environments and therefore favour division of catabolic labour even if aeration keeps them aerobic; therefore, host strains and feeding strategies must be carefully engineered to resist this pull.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Ulrich Kreft
- School of Biosciences & Institute of Microbiology and Infection & Centre for Computational Biology, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | | | - Rebeca González-Cabaleiro
- School of Engineering, Department of Infrastructure and Environment, University of Glasgow, Rankine Building, Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK
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13
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Baeten JE, Batstone DJ, Schraa OJ, van Loosdrecht MCM, Volcke EIP. Modelling anaerobic, aerobic and partial nitritation-anammox granular sludge reactors - A review. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 149:322-341. [PMID: 30469019 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment processes with granular sludge are compact and are becoming increasingly popular. Interest has been accompanied by the development of mathematical models. This contribution simultaneously reviews available models in the scientific literature for anaerobic, aerobic and partial nitritation-anammox granular sludge reactors because they comprise common phenomena (e.g. liquid, gas and granule transport) and thus pose similar challenges. Many of the publications were found to have no clearly defined goal. The importance of a goal is stressed because it determines the appropriate model complexity and helps other potential users to find a suitable model in the vast amount of literature. Secondly, a wide variety was found in the model features. This review explains the chosen modelling assumptions based on the different reactor types and goals wherever possible, but some assumptions appeared to be habitual within fields of research, without clear reason. We therefore suggest further research to more clearly define the range of operational conditions and goals for which certain simplifying assumptions can be made, e.g. when intragranule solute transport can be lumped in apparent kinetics and when biofilm models are needed, which explicitly calculate substrate concentration gradients inside granules. Furthermore, research is needed to better mechanistically understand detachment, removal of influent particulate matter and changes in the mixing behaviour inside anaerobic systems, before these phenomena can be adequately incorporated in models. Finally, it is suggested to perform full-scale model validation studies for aerobic and anammox reactors. A spreadsheet in the supplementary information provides an overview of the features in the 167 reviewed models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis E Baeten
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Belgium.
| | - Damien J Batstone
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Australia
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14
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Regmi P, Stewart H, Amerlinck Y, Arnell M, García PJ, Johnson B, Maere T, Miletić I, Miller M, Rieger L, Samstag R, Santoro D, Schraa O, Snowling S, Takács I, Torfs E, van Loosdrecht MCM, Vanrolleghem PA, Villez K, Volcke EIP, Weijers S, Grau P, Jimenez J, Rosso D. The future of WRRF modelling - outlook and challenges. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2019; 79:3-14. [PMID: 30816857 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The wastewater industry is currently facing dramatic changes, shifting away from energy-intensive wastewater treatment towards low-energy, sustainable technologies capable of achieving energy positive operation and resource recovery. The latter will shift the focus of the wastewater industry to how one could manage and extract resources from the wastewater, as opposed to the conventional paradigm of treatment. Debatable questions arise: can the more complex models be calibrated, or will additional unknowns be introduced? After almost 30 years using well-known International Water Association (IWA) models, should the community move to other components, processes, or model structures like 'black box' models, computational fluid dynamics techniques, etc.? Can new data sources - e.g. on-line sensor data, chemical and molecular analyses, new analytical techniques, off-gas analysis - keep up with the increasing process complexity? Are different methods for data management, data reconciliation, and fault detection mature enough for coping with such a large amount of information? Are the available calibration techniques able to cope with such complex models? This paper describes the thoughts and opinions collected during the closing session of the 6th IWA/WEF Water Resource Recovery Modelling Seminar 2018. It presents a concerted and collective effort by individuals from many different sectors of the wastewater industry to offer past and present insights, as well as an outlook into the future of wastewater modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pusker Regmi
- Brown and Caldwell, Walnut Creek, CA, USA E-mail: ; Contributed equally to this paper
| | | | | | - Magnus Arnell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (BME), Division of Industrial Electrical Engineering and Automation (IEA), Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden andRISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Gjuterigatan 1D, SE-582 73 Linköping, Sweden
| | | | | | - Thomas Maere
- modelEAU, Université Laval, CanadaandCentrEau, Québec Water Research Center, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | | | - Mark Miller
- Brown and Caldwell, Walnut Creek, CA, USA E-mail:
| | | | | | - Domenico Santoro
- Trojan Technologies, Research and Development, 3020 Gore Rd, London, ON N5 V 4T7, Canada
| | | | - Spencer Snowling
- Hydromantis ESS, Inc., 407 King Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Elena Torfs
- modelEAU, Université Laval, CanadaandCentrEau, Québec Water Research Center, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | | | - Peter A Vanrolleghem
- modelEAU, Université Laval, CanadaandCentrEau, Québec Water Research Center, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Kris Villez
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland andETH Zürich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Paloma Grau
- Ceit and Tecnun (University of Navarra), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - José Jimenez
- Brown and Caldwell, Walnut Creek, CA, USA E-mail:
| | - Diego Rosso
- University of California, Irvine, Civil & Environmental Engineering Dept., Water-Energy Nexus Center, Irvine, CA 92697-2175, USA
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15
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Baeten JE, van Loosdrecht MCM, Volcke EIP. Modelling aerobic granular sludge reactors through apparent half-saturation coefficients. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 146:134-145. [PMID: 30243057 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
During biological wastewater treatment, substrates undergo simultaneous diffusion and reactions inside microbial aggregates, creating microscale spatial substrate gradients and limiting the macroscale reaction rates. For flocculent and anaerobic granular sludge, this rate-limiting effect of diffusion is often lumped in model parameters, like the half-saturation coefficients of Monod kinetics in activated sludge models (ASM). Yet, an explicit description of the reaction-diffusion process with biofilm models is more common for aerobic granular sludge. This work investigates whether apparent half-saturation coefficients could have applications for aerobic granular sludge as well and examines the implications of this simplification. To this end, the macroscopic reaction rates predicted with a one-dimensional biofilm (1D) model were fitted with Monod kinetics. The results showed that the macroscale rates could indeed be described using apparent kinetics, at the very least over a time scale where the microbial population distribution stays fixed. However, the coefficients were sensitive to changes in the microbial population distribution, which can be affected by long-term changes in operating conditions. Also the activity of organisms that compete for the same substrates affect the parameter value. Be that as it may, apparent kinetics also depend on the operating conditions for flocculent and anaerobic granular sludge, but they have still been used successfully for design and optimization. Therefore, the last section of this work illustrates that they may also have applications for aerobic granular sludge. A simple model for ammonium removal using apparent half-saturation coefficients for oxygen and ammonium is applied to a full-scale reactor, taking advantage of the batch-wise operation and on-line monitoring data for regular recalibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis E Baeten
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium.
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Eveline I P Volcke
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium
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16
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Process performance optimization and mathematical modelling of a SBR-MBBR treatment at low oxygen concentration. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Kouba V, Vejmelkova D, Proksova E, Wiesinger H, Concha M, Dolejs P, Hejnic J, Jenicek P, Bartacek J. High-Rate Partial Nitritation of Municipal Wastewater after Psychrophilic Anaerobic Pretreatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:11029-11038. [PMID: 28845968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Partial nitritation/anammox can provide energy-efficient nitrogen removal from the main stream of municipal wastewater. The main bottleneck is the growth of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) at low temperatures (<15 °C). To produce effluent suitable for anammox, real municipal wastewater after anaerobic pretreatment was treated by enriched ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in suspended sludge SBR at 12 °C. NOB were continually washed out using aerobic duration control strategy (ADCS). Solids retention time was set to 9-16 days. Using this approach, average ammonia conversion higher than 57% at high oxidation rate of 0.4 ± 0.1 kg-N kg-VSS-1 d-1 was achieved for more than 100 days. Nitrite accumulation (N-NO2-/N-NOX) of 92% was maintained. Thus, consistently small amounts of present NOB were efficiently suppressed. Our mathematical model explained how ADCS enhanced the inhibition of NOB growth via NH3 and HNO2. This approach will produce effluent suitable for anammox even under winter conditions in mild climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtech Kouba
- University of Chemistry and Technology , Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Vejmelkova
- University of Chemistry and Technology , Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Proksova
- University of Chemistry and Technology , Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helene Wiesinger
- ETH Zürich , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Concha
- University of Chemistry and Technology , Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Dolejs
- University of Chemistry and Technology , Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Hejnic
- University of Chemistry and Technology , Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Jenicek
- University of Chemistry and Technology , Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bartacek
- University of Chemistry and Technology , Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
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18
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Ma Y, Domingo-Félez C, Plósz BG, Smets BF. Intermittent Aeration Suppresses Nitrite-Oxidizing Bacteria in Membrane-Aerated Biofilms: A Model-Based Explanation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:6146-6155. [PMID: 28448139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Autotrophic ammonium oxidation in membrane-aerated biofilm reactors (MABRs) can make treatment of ammonium-rich wastewaters more energy-efficient, especially within the context of short-cut ammonium removal. The challenge is to exclusively enrich ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). To achieve nitritation, strategies to suppress nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) are needed, which are ideally grounded on an understanding of underlying mechanisms. In this study, a nitrifying MABR was operated under intermittent aeration. During eight months of operation, AOB dominated, while NOB were suppressed. On the basis of dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate profiles within the biofilm and in the bulk, a 1-dimensional nitrifying biofilm model was developed and calibrated. The model was utilized to explore the potential mechanisms of NOB suppression associated with intermittent aeration, considering DO limitation, direct pH effects on enzymatic activities, and indirect pH effects on activity via substrate speciation. The model predicted strong periodic shifts in the spatial gradients of DO, pH, free ammonia, and free nitrous acid, associated with aerated and nonaerated phases. NOB suppression during intermittent aeration was mostly explained by periodic inhibition caused by free ammonia due to periodic transient pH upshifts. Dissolved oxygen limitation did not govern NOB suppression. Different intermittent aeration strategies were then evaluated for nitritation success in intermittently aerated MABRs: both aeration intermittency and duration were effective control parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie Ma
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark , Miljøvej Building 113, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Carlos Domingo-Félez
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark , Miljøvej Building 113, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Benedek Gy Plósz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark , Miljøvej Building 113, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Barth F Smets
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark , Miljøvej Building 113, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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19
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Torresi E, Fowler SJ, Polesel F, Bester K, Andersen HR, Smets BF, Plósz BG, Christensson M. Biofilm Thickness Influences Biodiversity in Nitrifying MBBRs-Implications on Micropollutant Removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:9279-9288. [PMID: 27477857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In biofilm systems for wastewater treatment (e.g., moving bed biofilms reactors-MBBRs) biofilm thickness is typically not under direct control. Nevertheless, biofilm thickness is likely to have a profound effect on the microbial diversity and activity, as a result of diffusion limitation and thus substrate penetration in the biofilm. In this study, we investigated the impact of biofilm thickness on nitrification and on the removal of more than 20 organic micropollutants in laboratory-scale nitrifying MBBRs. We used novel carriers (Z-carriers, AnoxKaldnes) that allowed controlling biofilm thickness at 50, 200, 300, 400, and 500 μm. The impact of biofilm thickness on microbial community was assessed via 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) abundance quantification through quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results from batch experiments and microbial analysis showed that (i) the thickest biofilm (500 μm) presented the highest specific biotransformation rate constants (kbio, L g(-1) d(-1)) for 14 out of 22 micropollutants; (ii) biofilm thickness positively associated with biodiversity, which was suggested as the main factor for the observed enhancement of kbio; (iii) the thinnest biofilm (50 μm) exhibited the highest nitrification rate (gN d(-1) g(-1)), amoA gene abundance and kbio values for some of the most recalcitrant micropollutants (i.e., diclofenac and targeted sulfonamides). Although thin biofilms favored nitrification activity and the removal of some micropollutants, treatment systems based on thicker biofilms should be considered to enhance the elimination of a broad spectrum of micropollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Torresi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark , Bygningstorvet B115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- Veolia Water Technologies AB-AnoxKaldnes , Klosterängsvägen 11A, SE-226 47 Lund, Sweden
| | - S Jane Fowler
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark , Bygningstorvet B115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Fabio Polesel
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark , Bygningstorvet B115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kai Bester
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University , Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Henrik R Andersen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark , Bygningstorvet B115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Barth F Smets
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark , Bygningstorvet B115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Benedek Gy Plósz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark , Bygningstorvet B115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Magnus Christensson
- Veolia Water Technologies AB-AnoxKaldnes , Klosterängsvägen 11A, SE-226 47 Lund, Sweden
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20
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Vannecke TPW, Bernet N, Winkler MKH, Santa-Catalina G, Steyer JP, Volcke EIP. Influence of process dynamics on the microbial diversity in a nitrifying biofilm reactor: Correlation analysis and simulation study. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 113:1962-74. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P. W. Vannecke
- Department of Biosystems Engineering; Ghent University, Coupure links 653; 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Nicolas Bernet
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement; INRA, UR0050; Narbonne France
| | - Mari K. H. Winkler
- Department of Biosystems Engineering; Ghent University, Coupure links 653; 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | | | | | - Eveline I. P. Volcke
- Department of Biosystems Engineering; Ghent University, Coupure links 653; 9000 Ghent Belgium
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