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Abstract
In today’s world of environmental strain, wastewater treatment has become a, more or less, conventional application of flotation—as for instance, in the oil, food, or chemical industries, and in potable water treatment. In this paper, different flotation methods (such as ion, adsorbing colloid, and adsorptive flotation, including biosorption) and techniques will be reviewed; and, in order to explain them further, several applications of these from the laboratory (General and Inorganic Chemical Technology) at Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece (AUTh) will be presented and analyzed, with the main focus on sustainability. The application of flotation as a separation process, when applied in pollution control or during water treatment, was often criticized due to the possible toxicity of the applied collectors; however, the use of biosurfactants may alleviate this concern and enhance its further acceptability.
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Wu M, Liang J, Tang J, Li G, Shan S, Guo Z, Deng L. Decontamination of multiple heavy metals-containing effluents through microbial biotechnology. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 337:189-197. [PMID: 28521206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To decontaminate heavy metal-containing waste water, a microbial biotechnology was developed by using the synergy between Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) and Camellia oleifera cake (COC). In this process the COC degradation assisted by B.cereus, created an anoxic environment and provided energy and nutrition for SRB. Both of B. cereus and SRB played significant roles through biosorption, bioaccumulation and biosurfactant production. Meanwhile, a flotation technology commonly used in many effluent treatments has been led into this system for increasing the efficiency as well. After desorption and regeneration with acid and deionized water, the biosorbents could be reused to adsorb metal ions. 97% of heavy metals removal was achieved by the proposed technology. For multiple heavy metals-containing solutions, the capacities are in the order of Cd2+>Zn2+>Cu2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxi Wu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Liang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiping Shan
- Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha, Hunan, 410009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Guo
- Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha, Hunan, 410009, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Deng
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, People's Republic of China.
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Huang F, Dang Z, Guo CL, Lu GN, Gu RR, Liu HJ, Zhang H. Biosorption of Cd(II) by live and dead cells of Bacillus cereus RC-1 isolated from cadmium-contaminated soil. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 107:11-8. [PMID: 23466537 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the biosorption capacity of live and dead cells of Bacillus cereus RC-1 for Cd(II). The biosorption characteristics were investigated as a function of initial pH, contact time, and initial cadmium concentration. Equilibrium biosorption was modeled using Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson isotherm equations. It was found that the maximum biosorption capacities calculated from Langmuir isotherm were 31.95 mg/g and 24.01 mg/g for dead cells and live cells, respectively. The kinetics of the biosorption was better described by pseudo-second order kinetic model. Desorption efficiency of biosorbents was investigated at various pH values. These results indicated that dead cells have higher Cd(II) biosorption capacity than live cells. Furthermore, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies were carried out to understand the differences in the Cd(II) biosorption behavior for the both biosorbents. The bioaccumulation of Cd(II) by B. cereus RC-1 was found to depend largely on extracellular biosorption rather than intracellular accumulation. Based on the above studies, dead biomass appears to be a more efficient biosorbent for the removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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Ghazy SES, Abu El-Reash GM, Al-Gammal OA, Yousef TM. Flotation-separation of toxic metal ions from aqueous solutions using thiosemicarbazide derivatives as chelating agents and oleic acid as a surfactant. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.1.2.76-82.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Zouboulis AI, Matis KA, Hancock IC. Biosorption of Metals from Dilute Aqueous Solutions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/03602549708014160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Krishnani KK, Ayyappan S. Heavy metals remediation of water using plants and lignocellulosic agrowastes. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2006; 188:59-84. [PMID: 17016916 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-32964-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Toxic heavy metals and metalloids are constantly released into the environment, and their removal is a very difficult task because of the high cost of treatment methods. Various methods exist for the removal of toxic metal ions from aqueous solutions. Among these are adsorption using activated carbon, by far the most versatile and widely used method for the removal of toxic metals; however, it is relatively expensive and less feasible to use in developing countries. Furthermore, activated carbon loaded with toxicants is generally incinerated or disposed of on land, thereby causing environmental pollution through different routes. There is an urgent need to develop low-cost, effective, and sustainable methods for their removal or detoxification. The use of lignocellulosic agrowastes is a very useful approach, because of their high adsorption properties, which results from their ion-exchange capabilities. Agricultural wastes can be made into good sorbents for the removal of many metals, which would add to their value, help reduce the cost of waste disposal, and provide a potentially cheap alternative to existing commercial carbons. Although the abundance and very low cost of lignocellulosic wastes from agricultural operations are real advantages that render them suitable alternatives for the remediation of heavy metals, further successful studies on these materials are essential to demonstrate the efficacy of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Krishnani
- Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75 Santhome High Road, R.A. Puram, Chennai 600028, India
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Celik A, Demirbaş A. Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solutions via Adsorption onto Modified Lignin from Pulping Wastes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/00908310490479583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Saiano F, Ciofalo M, Cacciola SO, Ramirez S. Metal ion adsorption by Phomopsis sp. biomaterial in laboratory experiments and real wastewater treatments. WATER RESEARCH 2005; 39:2273-80. [PMID: 15941575 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2005.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2004] [Revised: 03/10/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
An insoluble material of polysaccharidic nature has been obtained by thermal alkali treatment of the filamentous fungus Phomopsis sp. FT-IR spectrum of the resulting material as well as its nitrogen content suggest that chitosan and glucans are the main components of the biomaterial. Information on Lewis base sites has also been obtained and used as a guideline in the evaluation of the complexing ability against a number of metal ions in aqueous media at pH in the range 4--6. Results indicate that after 24h contact time, up to 870 micromol/g of lead, 390 micromol/g of copper, 230 micromol/g of cadmium, 150 micromol/g of zinc and 110 micromol/g of nickel ions are adsorbed into the material. After approximately 10 min, about 70% of the overall adsorption process has already been completed. Adsorbed metal ions can be recovered by washing with dilute acid. Experiments have been extended to a real wastewater effluent confirming the potential of this biomaterial as a depolluting agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Saiano
- Dipartimento ITAF, Sezione Chimica, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 4, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
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Crini G. Recent developments in polysaccharide-based materials used as adsorbents in wastewater treatment. Prog Polym Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2004.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1162] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Matis K, Zouboulis A, Lazaridis N, Hancock I. Sorptive flotation for metal ions recovery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-7516(02)00151-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zouboulis AI, Matis KA, Lazaridis NK. REMOVAL OF METAL IONS FROM SIMULATED WASTEWATER BYSACCHAROMYCESYEAST BIOMASS: COMBINING BIOSORPTION AND FLOTATION PROCESSES. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2001. [DOI: 10.1081/ss-100102932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Schügerl K. Recovery of proteins and microorganisms from cultivation media by foam flotation. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2001; 68:191-233. [PMID: 11036688 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-45564-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Foaming is often present in aerated bioreactors. It is undesired, because it removes the cells and the cultivation medium from the reactor and blocks the sterile filter. However, it can be used for the recovery of proteins and microorganisms from the cultivation medium. The present review deals with the characterization of model protein foams and foams of various cultivation media. The suppression of foaming by antifoam agents and their effect on the oxygen transfer rate, microbial cell growth and product formation are discussed. The influence of process variables on the recovery of proteins by flotation without and with surfactants and mathematical models for protein flotation are presented. The effect of cultivation conditions, flotation equipment and operational parameters on foam flotation of microorganisms is reviewed. Floatable and non-floatable microorganisms are characterized by their surface envelope properties. A mathematical model for cell recovery by flotation is presented. Possible application areas of cell recovery by flotation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Schügerl
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, University of Hannover, Germany.
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Zouboulis AI, Matis KA, Lanara BG, Loos-Neskovic C. Removal of Cadmium from Dilute Solutions by Hydroxyapatite. II. Flotation Studies. SEP SCI TECHNOL 1997. [DOI: 10.1080/01496399708000733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Erbe JL, Taylor KB, Hall LM. Expression of mouse metallothionein in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus PCC7942. JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY 1996; 17:41-6. [PMID: 8987688 DOI: 10.1007/bf01570147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A cDNA encoding mouse metallothionein was cloned into the shuttle vector pUc303, creating a translational fusion with the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene. The resulting fusion protein has been expressed in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus PCC7942. Cyanobacterial transformants expressed mouse metallothionein-specific mRNA species as detected by RNA slot blots. In addition, the transformants expressed a unique cadmium ion-binding protein corresponding to the predicted size of the mouse metallothionein fusion protein. Expression of this fusion protein conferred a two- to five-fold increase in cadmium ion tolerance and accumulation on Synechococcus PCC7942.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Erbe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294, USA
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Matis KA, Zouboulis AI, Grigoriadou AA, Lazaridis NK, Ekateriniadou LV. Metal biosorption-flotation. Application to cadmium removal. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00578473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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SOLARI∗ P, Zouboulis AI, Matis KA, Stalidis GA. Removal of Toxic Metals by Biosorption onto Nonliving Sewage Sludge. SEP SCI TECHNOL 1996. [DOI: 10.1080/01496399608001335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Mandjiny S, Zouboulis AI, Matis KA. Removal Of Cadmium From Dilute Solutions By Hydroxyapatite. I. Sorption Studies. SEP SCI TECHNOL 1995. [DOI: 10.1080/01496399508013122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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