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Hu X, Meister R, Tode J, Framme C, Fuchs H. Long-term in vitro monitoring of AAV-transduction efficiencies in real-time with Hoechst 33342. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298173. [PMID: 38427668 PMCID: PMC10906819 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Adeno-associated viral transduction allows the introduction of nucleic fragments into cells and is widely used to modulate gene expressions in vitro and in vivo. It enables the study of genetic functions and disease mechanisms and, more recently, serves as a tool for gene repair. To achieve optimal transduction performance for a given cell type, selecting an appropriate serotype and the number of virus particles per cell, also known as the multiplicity of infection, is critical. Fluorescent proteins are one of the common reporter genes to visualize successfully transduced cells and assess transduction efficiencies. Traditional methods of measuring fluorescence-positive cells are endpoint analysis by flow cytometry or manual counting with a fluorescence microscope. However, the flow cytometry analysis does not allow further measurement in a test run, and manual counting by microscopy is time-consuming. Here, we present a method that repeatedly evaluates transduction efficiencies by adding the DNA-stain Hoechst 33342 during the transduction process combined with a microscope or live-cell imager and microplate image analysis software. The method achieves fast, high-throughput, reproducible, and real-time post-transduction analysis and allows for optimizing transduction parameters and screening for a proper approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Hu
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Roland Meister
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Tode
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carsten Framme
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiko Fuchs
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Park JY, Chandran S, Hewawaduge C, Lee JH. Development and evaluation of a mouse model susceptible to severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus by rAAV-based exogenous human DC-SIGN expression. Microb Pathog 2023; 178:106079. [PMID: 36966885 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Experimental animal model is indispensable to evaluate the prophylactic and therapeutic candidates against severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). To develop a suitable mouse model for SFTSV infection, we delivered human dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing non-integrin (hDC-SIGN) by adeno-associated virus (AAV2) and validated its susceptibility for SFTSV infection. Western blot and RT-PCR assays confirmed the expression of hDC-SIGN in transduced cell lines and a significantly increased viral infectivity was observed in cells expressing hDC-SIGN. The C57BL/6 mice transduced with AAV2 exhibited a stable hDC-SIGN expression in the organs for 7 days. Upon SFTSV challenge with 1 × 105 FAID50, the mice transduced with rAAV-hDC-SIGN showed a 12.5% mortality and reduced platelet and white blood cell count in accordance with higher viral titer than control group. Liver and spleen samples collected from the transduced mice had pathological signs similar to the IFNAR-/- mice with severe SFTSV infection. Collectively, the rAAV-hDC-SIGN transduced mouse model can be used as an accessible and promising tool for studying the SFTSV pathogenesis and pre-clinical evaluation of vaccines and therapeutics against the SFTSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 54596, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sivasankar Chandran
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 54596, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chamith Hewawaduge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 54596, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - John Hwa Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 54596, Iksan, Republic of Korea.
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Pressly BB, Hooshdaran B, Alferiev IS, Chorny M, Levy RJ, Fishbein I. Adeno-Associated Viral Vector Immobilization and Local Delivery from Bare Metal Surfaces. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2394:601-616. [PMID: 35094349 PMCID: PMC9250281 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1811-0_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Spatially and temporally controlled delivery of biologicals, including gene vectors, represents an unmet need for regenerative medicine and gene therapy applications. Here we describe a method of reversible attachment of serotype 2 adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV2) to metal surfaces. This technique enables localized delivery of the vector to the target cell population in vitro and in vivo with the subsequent effective transduction of cells adjacent to the metal substrate. The underlying bioengineering approach employs coordination chemistry between the bisphosphonic groups of polyallylamine bisphosphonates and the metal atoms on the surface of metallic samples. Formation of a stable polybisphosphonate monolayer with plentiful allyl-derived amines allows for further chemical modification to consecutively append thiol-modified protein G, an anti-AAV2 antibody, and AAV2 particles. Herein we present a detailed protocols for the metal substrate modification, for the visualization of the metal surface-immobilized vector using direct and indirect fluorescent AAV2 labeling and scanning electron microscopy, for quantification of the surface-immobilized vector load with RT-PCR, and for the localized vector transduction in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben B. Pressly
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute
| | | | - Ivan S. Alferiev
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute,The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Michael Chorny
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute,The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Robert J. Levy
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute,The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Ilia Fishbein
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute,The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
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Sapp V, Aguirre A, Mainkar G, Ding J, Adler E, Liao R, Sharma S, Jain M. Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screening in human iPS derived cardiomyocytes uncovers novel mediators of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13866. [PMID: 34230586 PMCID: PMC8260754 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92988-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell technologies coupled with genetic engineering now facilitate the study of the molecular underpinnings of disease in relevant human cell types. Application of CRISPR/Cas9-based approaches for genome-scale functional screening in iPS-derived cells, however, has been limited by technical constraints, including inefficient transduction in pooled format, loss of library representation, and poor cellular differentiation. Herein, we present optimized approaches for whole-genome CRISPR/Cas9 based screening in human iPS derived cardiomyocytes with near genome-wide representation at both the iPS and differentiated cell stages. As proof-of-concept, we perform a screen to investigate mechanisms underlying doxorubicin mediated cell death in iPS derived cardiomyocytes. We identified two poorly characterized, human-specific transporters (SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3) whose loss of function protects against doxorubicin-cardiotoxicity, but does not affect cell death in cancer cells. This study provides a technical framework for genome-wide functional screening in iPS derived cells and identifies new targets to mitigate doxorubicin-cardiotoxicity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Sapp
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Aitor Aguirre
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Division of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Gayatri Mainkar
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Ding
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Eric Adler
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ronglih Liao
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Sonia Sharma
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mohit Jain
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
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Wu K, Liu M, Li N, Zhang L, Meng F, Zhao L, Liu M, Zhang Y. Chitosan-miRNA functionalized microporous titanium oxide surfaces via a layer-by-layer approach with a sustained release profile for enhanced osteogenic activity. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:127. [PMID: 32907598 PMCID: PMC7487814 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00674-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biofunctionalization of titanium implants for high osteogenic ability is a promising approach for the development of advanced implants to promote osseointegration, especially in compromised bone conditions. In this study, polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) were fabricated using the layer-by-layer approach with a chitosan-miRNA (CS-miRNA) complex and sodium hyaluronate (HA) as the positively and negatively charged polyelectrolytes on microarc-oxidized (MAO) Ti surfaces via silane-glutaraldehyde coupling. METHODS Dynamic contact angle and scanning electron microscopy measurements were conducted to monitor the layer accumulation. RiboGreen was used to quantify the miRNA loading and release profile in phosphate-buffered saline. The in vitro transfection efficiency and the cytotoxicity were investigated after seeding mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the CS-antimiR-138/HA PEM-functionalized microporous Ti surface. The in vitro osteogenic differentiation of the MSCs and the in vivo osseointegration were also evaluated. RESULTS The surface wettability alternately changed during the formation of PEMs. The CS-miRNA nanoparticles were distributed evenly across the MAO surface. The miRNA loading increased with increasing bilayer number. More importantly, a sustained miRNA release was obtained over a timeframe of approximately 2 weeks. In vitro transfection revealed that the CS-antimiR-138 nanoparticles were taken up efficiently by the cells and caused significant knockdown of miR-138 without showing significant cytotoxicity. The CS-antimiR-138/HA PEM surface enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in terms of enhanced alkaline phosphatase, collagen production and extracellular matrix mineralization. Substantially enhanced in vivo osseointegration was observed in the rat model. CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrated that the novel CS-antimiR-138/HA PEM-functionalized microporous Ti implant exhibited sustained release of CS-antimiR-138, and notably enhanced the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and in vivo osseointegration. This novel miRNA-functionalized Ti implant may be used in the clinical setting to allow for more effective and robust osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaimin Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Navy 971st Hospital, No. 22 Minjiang Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- Oral Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Nan Li
- Third Department of Cadre's Ward, Navy 971st Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fanhui Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Lingzhou Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Navy 971st Hospital, No. 22 Minjiang Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Yumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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